10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.”...
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Transcript of 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.”...
![Page 1: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
10/3/14
Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms?
Do Now: Give an example of “matter.”
Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life
![Page 2: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Matter: Anything that occupies space and has mass
Element: Pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
Ex: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Gold (Au)4 most common elements in living matter (96% of our body):
carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N)
![Page 3: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Trace Element: elements that make up less than 0.01 percent of your body, but are critical to life
Ex: iron
Compound: 2 or more elements chemically combined
Ex. Carbon dioxide(CO2), water(H2O)
![Page 4: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Atomsatom: smallest possible particle
of an elementMade up of :Nucleus: central core of atom that contains
protons: single unit of positive electrical charge (+) neutrons: electrically neutral = no charge
Electrons: single unit of negative electrical charge (-) located outside of the nucleus
Why do you think the electrons remain close to the nucleus?
Atomic number: number of protons in an atom– Differentiates elements
![Page 5: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Carbon Potassium
Atomic Weight (Mass number): # of protons + # of neutrons
![Page 6: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Isotopes
• Isotope: same number of protons but different number of neutrons– Can make an element
radioactive– ex: 12C = normal, 14C
=radioactive
• Radioactive Isotope: nucleus decays over time giving off radiation in the form of matter and energy– ex. Carbon dating
![Page 7: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Energy Levels• The electrons in an atom
determine how it will react with other atoms
• Electrons are found in clouds outside the nucleus
• Energy Levels– First level = lowest, nearest to
nucleus can hold 2 electrons– Second level = can hold 8
electrons– Most reactive when they have
partially full energy levels Nitrogen
![Page 8: 10/3/14 Objective: What are elements, compounds, and atoms? Do Now: Give an example of “matter.” Chapter 4: The Chemical Basis of Life.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5697bf871a28abf838c88d71/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chemically reactive or Inert (doesn’t react)?