C H. 1 0 S E C . 3

ACQUIRING NEW LANDS

RULING PUERTO RICO

• Military Rule:• US military occupied the island during the Spanish-

American War to protect them.

• Return to civil government:• Congress passed the Foraker Act (1900) ending military

rule and set up a civil government• Gave president the power to choose governor and member of

upper legislature

• 1901 insular cases- the Supreme court ruled the constitution did not automatically apply to people in acquired territories.• They were extended the right to citizenship and the ability to

vote for elect both houses of their legislature.

CUBA AND THE U.S.

• American Soldiers:• Cuba was officially independent, but was occupied by

U.S. troops. • Allowed Spanish officials to remain in office• Provided food and clothing for thousands of families,

helped farmers put land back into cultivation, and organized elementary schools

• Improved sanitation and medical research eliminating yellow fever

PLATT AMENDMENT

• In 1900 the new Cuban government wrote a constitution for an independent Cuba.• Did not specify a relationship between Cuba and the U.S.• U.S. insisted Cuba add the Platt Amendment or they

would not withdraw• Cuba could not make treaties that might limit its

independence or permit a foreign power to control any part of its territory

• The U.S. reserved the right to intervene in Cuba• Cuba was not to go into debt• The U.S. could buy or lease land on the island for naval

stations and refueling stations

• Cuba became a U.S. protectorate

FILIPINOS REBEL

• Philippine-American War:• 1899 Filipinos lead by Emilio Aguinaldo revolted• U.S. forced them to live in designated zones where poor

sanitation and starvation killed thousands• Filipinos were seen as inferior- as a result many of the

African American soldiers who did not wish to spread prejudice deserted to the Filipinos side.

• Took 3 years to put down rebellion- 20,000 Filipino rebels died

• U.S. set up a government similar to that in Puerto Rico and the Philippines moved toward independence in 1946

FOREIGN INFLUENCE IN CHINA

• Open Door Policy:• Secretary of State John Hay proposed policy in 1899• Proposed that imperialist leaders share their trading

rights with the U.S. creating an “open door”

• Boxer Rebellion:• Boxers wanted to get rid of foreigners in China• Boxers killed hundreds of missionaries and Chinese

converts• Troops from Britain, France, Germany and Japan joined

U.S. in putting down the rebellion

PROTECTING U.S. RIGHTS

• The U.S. feared that European nations would use success of the boxer defeat to take control of China.

• Hay issued a second set of open door notes announcing that the U.S. would “safeguard for the world the principle of equal and impartial trade with all parts of the Chinese Empire”

• Reflected 3 American beliefs about the U.S. economy• Growth of the economy depended on exports• U.S. had a right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets

open• Feared that the closing of an area to American products,

citizens, or ideas threatened U.S. survival

IMPACT OF U.S. TERRITORIAL GAINS

• McKinley was re-elected as president showing U.S. support for his imperialist policies• Anti-Imperialist League was formed with some of

the most prominent people in the U.S. • Believed it was wrong to rule over other people without

their consent