100G
description
Transcript of 100G
Dr. Paul BrooksMay 2012
JDSU 40G, 100G & BeyondDeployment Challenges
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Aim
� This presentation aims to help you understand the following:-– Where we are today with 100G (40GE,
100GE & OTU3/4)– Optics & the CFP– The challenges towards successful
deployment– The future evolution & revolution
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
JDSU – an introduction
Annual Revenue
Business Segments
Employees
Locations
Country Representation
Index Membership
$1.3B
Leader in 3 key segments
≈ 4,100
Over 80 Sales and R&D sites globally
164 Countries
S&P 500
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Global Leaders in the Markets We Serve
Telecom, Datacom, Submarine, Long Haul, Metro, Access, Biotech, Microelec
Communications & Commercial Optical
Products
Advanced Optical Technologies
Currency, Defense, Authentication, Instrumentation
Communications Test & Measurement
Telecom/Cable Access, Metro, Core & Home Networking
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Challenges for 100G and beyond
� Every generation of communications technology as it’s own challenge!
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
� Core traffic is doubling every 18 months BUT the change in nature of this traffic is far more disruptive.
� Driven by video– In the US, operators report that over 20% of Internet backbone traffic
is Netflix– Whether fixed or mobile, video growth shows little sign of slowing– Real time & mobile, latency is becoming important
6
Our Environment
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Gbytes
Capacity
Demand
Source: Infonetics Research, empirical estimates
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
What’s happening in the world of 40G/100G?
� Service providers trialing solutions from equipment vendors� Equipment manufacturers continue 40G/100G development
– 40GE, 100GE– OTU3 with 40GE client, OTU4 with 100GE client, OTU4 with
multiplexed ODUk– STL256.4 for 40G SDH/SONET
� Chip vendors developing 100G related products� Transponder manufacturers introducing new products
– More CFP products emerging– Smaller transponders for 40GE----QSFP+– Next generation of transponders---CFP2– Line side modules for 40/100G coherent DWDM
7
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
40G/100G connections
� Two types of traffic:– Ethernet----40GE, 100GE– OTN----40GE/100GE over OTN or Multiplexed OTN signals
� Client interfaces are standardized, line side interfaces are often proprietary
Router � Router via 100GE
Router � DWDM Client IF
OTU4 or 100GE over OTU4
CFP optics 4 x 25G
100G Line side Modulation & Strong FEC
DWDM equipment
RouterRouter Router � Router
CXP/QSFP+
GESONET/SDH
10GEODUk
FC
OTU4 Client IF
4λ CWDM 13xxnm
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
100G Optics
100G
SR10 MMFCXP
LR4 SMFCFP
100GEData CentreEnterprise
100GE& OTU4
10λ SMFCFP
Line SideOIF MSA
DWDMModulation
100GE& OTU4
• 100G Client Optics is based on CFP• Industry looking to shrink CFP size over time
1550 nm
1310 nm
850 nm
Main currentapproach
CFP22012 Beta
CFP42014
Next StepCFP2 to replace CFP over time- Same photonic interface (LR4)- Electrical bus moving from 10G to 25G
CFP4 to be more of a datacom form factor- Increase port density on routers
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
100G Ethernet Interfaces
Interface Reach Medium Parallelism Connectors
100GBASE-LR4 10 km SMF 4 λ / dir LC or SC
100GBASE-ER4 40 km SMF 4 λ / dir LC or SC
100GBASE-SR10 100 m125 m
OM3 MMFOM4 MMF
10 fibers / dir MPO
100GBASE-CR10 7 m Twin-axial electrical
10 cables / dir MDI
IEEE 802.3ba
• Main applications:• LR4: Most common interface by far in telecom• ER4: early stages, much smaller market • SR10: Mainly a data center interface (lower cost)• CR10: Very short reach, not used yet• There also exists a non-standardized i/f which would be ‘LR10’
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
LR: The Main 100G Client Interface
1295.56 1300.05 1304.58 1309.14 nm
100GBASE-LR4- Most common i/f- Telecom - 1310 nm range- IEEE standard
100GBASE 10λ- Used in data centre- 1550 nm range- Santur/Neophotonics
1523 1531 1539 1547 1555 1563 1571 1569 1587 1595 nm
High-speed Client Interfaces are multi - λ
4.5 nm
8 nm
4 X 25G
10 x 10G
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
40G Optics
40G
SR4 (100m MMF)QSFP+
LR4 (10km SMF)& G.695 CFP
40GEData CentreEnterprise
40GE& OTU3& OC-768/STM-256
300-pin MSA
OC-768/STM-256/OTU3/OTU3e1/3e2
QSFP+2011
FR (2km serial SMF)& G.693 CFP
40GE & OTU3 & OC-768/STM-2562011/2012
Line SideOIF MSA
DWDM2011+
• 40GE optics moving to QSFP+ � higher density, lower cost• Serial CFP (FR) replacing 300-pin MSA for clients
1550 nm
1310 nm
850 nm
1550 nm
LegacyNew Wave
BecomingAvailable
4 λ 1 λ 1 λ
Being Replaced
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
40G Ethernet Interfaces
Interface Reach Medium Parallelism Connectors
40GBASE-LR4 10 km SMF 4 λ / dir LC or SC
40GBASE-FR 2 km SMF Serial LC or SC
40GBASE-SR4 100 m125 m
OM3 MMFOM4 MMF
10 fibers / dir MPO
40GBASE-CR4 7 m Twin-axial electrical
10 cables / dir MDI
IEEE 802.3ba and 802.3bg (FR)
1271 1291 1311 1331 nm
40GBASE-LR4λ are different from 100GBASE-LR4
20 nm
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Current Trends
� First generation products– CFP based– FPGA
� Need to get 100G client to primetime!– Economics (price vs. 10G)
• QSFP+ is getting there• CFP=> no, likely met with CFP4?
– Port density (very important for enterprise)– FPGAs enabled technology – ASICs deliver port density & price point for primetime
� CFP2 – 25/28G I/O
� Inter-op headaches at all levels– From MDIO & I^2C to FEC & OTN muxing
Client Interface
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
A 4x25G CFP
CFP module– photograph courtesy of Opnext
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
CFP Module – Block Diagram for Gearbox CFP
For 100G M=10 & N=410 electrical lanes running at 10G4 optical lanes running at 25GREFCLK is electrical lane speed/16 ~644 MHz
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
CFP Optics – Current Sitrep
� Products available, early production grade– First series parts – some performance caveats
� Gearbox very challenging technology– Other vendors announced gearbox ICs (CMOS)
� Longer term gearbox will be integrated in line card ASIC to make simpler 4x25G electrical i/o (CFP2)– Quad 25/28G CDRs becoming available– CFP is not the end game for 100GE optics
� 40GE - 4λ parts are more ‘available’– Very aggressive price point for LR4 ($1k) within ~2 years– Will migrate to QSFP+ LR4 through 2012
� First demos of CFP2 expected 2012
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
100G CFP Migration Path
The form factor for 100G optics will shrink driving higher levels of photonic integration. This is driven by faceplate d ensity and price-point expectations.
Port expander10 x 10GE
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
100G Form Factors & faceplate density
400Gb
800Gb
1600Gb
3200Gb
Line SideDWDM Transport
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Upgrading Networks to 40 /100 Gbps Data Rates
Transmission
Transport
Goal:More bandwidth/capacity over installedinfrastructure(with existing fibers, EDFAs, DCMs, and OADMs)
Solution:Higher data rates andimproved spectral efficiency
Transport Impediments:Optical Noise (OSNR)Bandwidth NarrowingDispersion (CD, PMD)Nonlinearities (SPM, XPM)
Enabling Technologies:Advanced FEC CodesNew Modulation FormatsAdaptive Dispersion CompensationCoherent Detection / Electronic DSP
Upgrading Systems to 40 Gbps or even 100 GbpsFaces Serious Transport and Transmission Issues
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Intradyne Coherent Receiver with Real-Time DSP
Input
LO
90o
90o
|| - Polarization
| - Polarization
PBS I
I
Q
QHigh-SpeedDigitalSignalPro-
cessor
Intradyne Coherent Receiver with Phase and Polarizatio n Diversity� Frequency-locked local oscillator laser (no phase-locking needed)� Detection of in-phase and quadrature phase signal co mponents
• Input signal is mixed with 0o- and 90o-shifted local oscillator (in optical hybrid)• Phase offset between signal and local oscillator is removed electronically in DSP
� Detection of polarization components parallel with a nd orthogonal to local oscillator polarization state (no polarization matching needed)
• Multiplexed polarization states are separated electronically in DSP
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Block Diagram of Signal Processing Steps
Input
LO
90o
90o
|| - Polar.
| - Polar.
PBS I
I
Q
QHigh-SpeedDigitalSignalPro-
cessor
ClockRecovery
ClockRecovery
ChromaticDispersion
Compensation
ChromaticDispersion
Compensation
PMDCompensation
/ Polarization Demultiplexing
PMDCompensation
/ Polarization Demultiplexing
CarrierPhase
Estimation
CarrierPhase
Estimation
SignalDecoder
SignalDecoder
DSP Functional Block Diagram
Powerful electronic dispersion compensation solves PM D problemand removes need for in-line CD compensation.
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
OIF Line Side for 40G, 100G and Beyond
� OIF driving an MSA for 40G and 100G line side modules� Define a common form factor, mechanics, connector, power
etc – Module vendors can have their own secret sauce in modulation
& soft FEC� 5 in. x 7 in. module at 80W (2.3W/ in^2)� Connector is Hirose 168pin MDIO is basis of control i/f� For details please visit : OIF� First modules being trialled now and showing much promise.� Power dissipation and other performance issues being
addressed with 2nd generation parts.
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
100G - Longer Term Outlook
Data earlier – transport later
Proof of Concept phase
100GE IEEEstandardized
JDSU deliver 1st
100G tester 100G will overtake40G spending
Transition to QSFP 40GE?
100G technology becomes
‘mainstream’
1st OIF modules – 40G
100G coherent OIF modules
2nd Gen 100G appear
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Product Realization Phases
� R&D phase– First generation (CFP) & FPGA - done– 2nd generation (CFP2 & ASIC) – underway
� SVT– Currently underway and increasing in scope– Deeper OTN– Enhanced functionality (syncE)
� Production– Starting now, focus on throughput & price– Often with contract manufacturer
� Field deployment– Focus on trials and service turn up
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Current Technology Challenges
� CFP2/4 MSA to define next generation 100G pluggable – Took longer than expected– But flexible (port expander, reverse gearbox etc)
� 25G ICs– Still ‘premium’ parts– Issues with signal integrity– Large FPGA fabric speed and general purpose 400G MAC– Beyond 25G I/O (50G, PAM, photonic on IC?)– Raw bandwidth => stay on chip
� 25G photonics– PICs– EML => DML migration (eye quality?) & inter-op
� Power & power density� Price expectations
– 4 x 10G => sub $1k / client port
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
What to test (and when)?
� Did I design it right?– Classic R&D phase
� Will it work properly?– SVT
� Can I build it?– production
� Service experience– Service deployment
� Troubleshooting– Field support– Quality of Service
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Classic Lab 100G Challenges
Key requirement in early stages:� Transponder Characterization� Line card – FPGA, ASIC & Photonic
integration
Evolution of 100GE services:� System Validation: PCS Layer Validation� 40GE & 100GE QoS� Transport IP applications
OTU4 development� OTU4 Interworking Tests� Framer, FEC & mapper validation� ODUflex & G.HAO
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Summary
� 1st Generation 100G established– Premium product– Driven by raw bandwidth need
� 2nd generation under development– Density and price attractive– Will take 100G to primetime
� 40G very cost effective in many applications
� 400G under development
� Transition for 10G I/O to 25/28G I/O
� Many challenges ahead
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
100G – Quiz time!
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
A quiz!
� Which of these has the highest power density?
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Answer
� A 100G router is approximately the same as a cooking oven!
Core Router8.6 kW /m^3
Electric oven9.1 kW /m^3
Sauna0.5 kW /m^3
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Back to the Sauna - Why does this matter?
� Power & heat will become limiting factors in many high density/high speed applications
� 8 x CFP2 = ~100W just for the pluggable photonics– Could be driving ~400W per card of cooling
� Equipment will need to go into lower power modes and then very quickly get back on line.
� Service providers hitting hard limits on power m^2 in switchroom.
� They have very large electricity bills!
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Quiz #2
� Which of these is the smallest?
A germ Skin depth of 25Gbs signal on PCB trace
Wavelength of red light
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Quiz #2
� Which of these is the smallest?
A germ ~10um Skin depth of 25Gbs signal on PCB trace~580nm
Wavelength of red light ~650nm
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Quiz #3
� What percentage of peak Internet traffic does Netflixconsume?
© 2011 JDS Uniphase Corporation | JDSU CONFIDE NTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Quiz #3
� What percentage of peak Internet traffic does Netflixconsume?
Source: Sandvine Inc. Oct 2011Btw: Netflix HD movie feed is 4800 kbs