10 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
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Transcript of 10 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
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10 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
Tore A Torp, Dr.ing.
Adviser CO2 Storage, StatoilHydro ASA, Norway
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11 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
CONTENT:
• “Low Carbon Diet”
• Industrial Experiences with CO2
• Sleipner, In Salah, K12B, Ketzin, Snohvit and ???
• VISION
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Sleipner CO2 injection:
- Decided in 1992- In operation since 1996- 1 million tonne CO2/år
Time Magazine,17. May 2004
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Previous Experiences with CO2 & Injection
• Enhanced Oil Recovery (Texas, Hungary, Turkey, Brazil,Croatia)
• Natural gas cleaning
• Transport – Pipelines & Ships
• Natural gas re-injection
• Natural gas underground storageand
• Beer & soft drinks, dry cleaning, food packaging – Every day life
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Yara CO2-tankers, 1500 m3 capacity
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The Sleipner field – CO2 Treatment and Injection
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CO2 Injection Well in "Utsira"
Sleipner A
Sleipner T
Utsir aFor mation
Heimdal Formation
Sleipner ØstProduction and Injection Wells
CO 2
CO 2 Injection Well1000m
2000m
2500m
0
500m
1500m
1000m
0 500m
1500m
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The Utsira Formation
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StatoilBPExxonMobilTotalNorsk HydroVattenfall
BGSBRGMGEUS
IFPNITG-TNO
SINTEF
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme
Schlumberger ResearchNO, DK, NL, FR & UK Authorities
SALINE AQUIFER CO2 STORAGE PROJECT
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Time-lapse seismic datasets of CO2 stored in Utsira formation
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1 km
Plume outline June 2006
Plume outline Oct 2001
CO2 distribution June 2006
• 8,4 million tonnes injected over 10 years
• Plume area: 2,8 km2 (1,3 km2 in 2001)
• Plume long axis: 3760 m
• Maximum distance from injection point: 2560m
• Maximum speed of front since 2004: 250 m/year,
• Distance from CO2 to wells:
– Exploration well 15/9-13: 430m, decreasing about 12 m/year
– D-template: about 2 km straight west of northern plume
– 15/9-19 wells: about 4,5 km north of plume
3,7
6 k
m
Plume extension & top Utsira time map
saddle
Amplitude maps of the uppermost horizon, in 2001 (left), 2004 (middle) and 2006 (right). Hot colours represent higher amplitudes and thicker CO2 accumulation.
15/9-13
430m
Injection point
Seismic section
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Simulated picture of the distribution of CO2 after three years.
Radius of largest bubble 800 m and the total plume 200 m high.Ref: SINTEF Petroleum 2001
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Dissolution of CO2 in the Utsira Brine
Year 2021 Year 2412
Year 2621 Year 5019 Year 7018
Source: Gemini No. 1, 2004 (NTNU and Sintef)
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SACS Project 1998-2002
WHAT WE DID ACHIEVE:
• 3D Seismic proven, Gravimetry tested • Reservoir simulation tools partly proven • Geology and Geochemistry of “Utsira” mapped• Reason to expect the CO2 to stay for thousands of years
DOCUMENTATION• “SACS Best Practice Manual, 1.version.”• Download from www.co2store.org, see page “SACS”.
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Demonstrations of CO2 storage
SLEIPNER SNØHVIT
WEYBURN
IN SALAH
GORGONK12B Source: IEA GHG
FRIO BRINE
KETZIN
Nagaoka
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Sleipner CO2 Injection
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SAFETY STRATEGY
- Prepare
- Detect
- Remediate
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What is keeping the CO2 down?
Trapping Mechanisms
• Closure - from day one –faults?
• Micro-pore trapping - during injection - lasting
• Dissolution in water - sinking to the bottom – centuries
• Mineral binding - precipitating solids – centuries/millennia
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Possible Leakage?
Leakage ways?
• WELLS - Corrosion of cement & steel
• Faults/Cracks – Overpressure critical
• Underground fluid mobility – Site specific
Prevention
• Detection
• Remediation
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Monitoring and safety over TIME?
• Before start: Site selection, Planning and Risk assessment =>licence
• During injection: Monitoring – “Watch the barn doors” => report
• Closure: Monitoring and long-term risk => agreement
• Post-closure: Monitoring gradually less => hand-over
Safety against leakage will be better over time!
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CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) needs two legs to walk!
Leg 2: COST of Capture
• Energy use
• Costs
Better technologies
Leg 1: TRUST in Storage
• Methods from oil and gas industry
• Geology varies from place to place
More demonstrations
Pace: CO2 Transport
• Pipeline
• Ship
Large projects
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SLEIPNER - 10 years of CO2 Storage
THANKS for your attention!
QUESTIONS?