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That’s soNegative

Behind the Valence

AtomicNirvana

The 4Types

The Name’s Bond

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What are two things can you say is the same for bothOxygen and Sulfur?

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They have the same:

Number of valence electrons (6)Form the same ion / valence state (-2)

Reactivity in ionic bonds

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Soda ash, or sodium carbonate, is used in glassmaking.

It is composed of sodium ions and carbonate ions.

What is the chemical formula of sodium carbonate?

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Na2CO3

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Which of the following are actual compounds

and which will never form?

a) CsF b) Mg2O4 c) AlBr2 d) Li2O

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a) CsF b) Mg2O4 c) AlBr2 d) Li2O

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An Unknown metal “X”Forms the following salts

XOXF2

X3(PO4)2

What Family or group is This metal in?

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Metal “X” is in theAlkaline Earth Metals

Family

(Group 2A)

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What are the valence states of the following?

(What ions do they form?)

MagnesiumNitrogen

PotassiumNitrate

Phosphate

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Magnesium: Mg+2

Nitrogen: N-3

Potassium: K+1

Nitrate: NO3-1

Phosphate: PO4-3

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What are the four types of molecular bonds ?

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1. Metallic bonds2. Ionic bonds3. Molecular covalent bonds4. Network covalent bonds

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When Sulfur becomes an ionIt gains/loses (pick one)

_______ electrons to become S ?

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It gains two electrons to become S-2

(like oxygen above it in the

Periodic Table)

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Why are the only solids that electricity flow through metals?

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In Metallic Bonds valence electrons are shared by all atoms as a “sea of electrons”

that can move freely throughout the substance.

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Silicon Carbide is used in special saws to cut steel and

concrete. Will it conduct electricity?

What type of bonding does it have?

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No it will not. Silicon carbide is made up of 2 non-metals

and has Network Covalent Bonding

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Name the bonds from the clues:

1. Conducts electricity in its solid form2. Conducts electricity when dissolved in water3. Does not conduct when dissolved4. A solid that neither conducts nor dissolves

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1.Metallic2.Ionic

3.Molecular covalent4.Network covalent

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Atoms lend and borrow electrons from their _________ ________

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Atoms lend and borrow electrons from their Valence shells

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What type of bond does Water have

and does Water conduct electricity?

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H2O is held together by molecular covalent bonds

And it does not conduct electricity

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If aluminum and oxygen combine,what would the compound formed be?

Al__ O__

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Al2O3

Al+3 and O-2 must combine like this O-2

Al+3

O-2

Al+3

O-2

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In an ionic bond metals _______ electrons while

non-metals _______ electrons

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In an ionic bond metals lend electrons while

non-metals borrow or receive electrons

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Why are chemists so interested in an atom’s valence shell?

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Because the electrons in the Valence, or outer shell

are those most involved with chemical bonding.

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What is the Valence Shell?

And why are chemists interested in it?

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It is the last or outer shell of electrons in an atoms.

It is where chemical reactions take place

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Identify the following elements from their electron structure:

1s22s22p5 = ______1s22s22p63s1 = ______

1s22s22p63s23p64s23d3 = ______1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s1 = ______

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Fluorine: FSodium: Na

Vanadium: VRubidium: Rb

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Correctly write on the board the electron subshell configuration for

copper

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1s22s22p63s23p64s23d9

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How many core electrons does Calcium have?

How many Valence electrons?

What is their configuration?

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How many core electrons does Calcium have?18 (like Argon)

How many Valence electrons?2

What is their configuration?4s2

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What is a 1. Cation2. Anion

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Cation: A positively charged atom

Anion: A negatively charged atom

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What are the two things atoms want so they can achieve

Atomic Nirvana?

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1. A full outer shell of electrons2. Balanced electrical charges

(equal numbers of protons and electrons)

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Do all elements form compounds to try to attain stability

and Atomic Nirvana? Explain

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No

Noble Gasses are already balanced

And do not form compounds

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The density of a substance is related to it chemical bonding

If the density of a strange unknown material is 12 g/cm3, how much would a 20 cm3 block weigh?

DAILY DOUBLEDAILY DOUBLE

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20 cm3 x 12 g/cm3 = 240 g

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Strontium and the hydroxide ion combine to form a compound:

1. What are the ions formed?2. What will be the formula of strontium hydroxide?3. Will it dissolve4. Will it conduct electricity?

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1. The ions formed are Sr+2 and OH-1

2. The formula will be SrOH2

3. It will dissolve in water4. It will conduct electricity when dissolved