1 X-10 Beyond the Basics EH-Expo, S20, Cell #C Thank you for taking the time. We hope you know more...

1 X-10 Beyond the BasicsEH-Expo, S20, Cell #C

Thank you for taking the time.Thank you for taking the time.

• We hope you know more about “Extended Code”, “2-Way” and how to use these new features, than you did this morning.

• We wanted to give you all certificates but we’re too cheap.

• If you have any questions, Grab me here or in the ACT booth.

• If you have comments about this class, please let us know.

• Tipping the instructors is encouraged.

Jimbo Billy Bob is

hereby awarded this

certificate showing to

the world that he was

able to sit through this

class without falling

asleep.

Any questions on Any questions on

2-way and Ext’d 2-way and Ext’d

Code before we try Code before we try

to squeeze in some to squeeze in some

complex stuff and complex stuff and

troubleshooting?troubleshooting?

Any questions on Any questions on

2-way and Ext’d 2-way and Ext’d

Code before we try Code before we try

to squeeze in some to squeeze in some

complex stuff and complex stuff and

troubleshooting?troubleshooting?


Installing Installing devices "at" devices "at" the Panel.the Panel.



Same is true for Same is true for all repeaters, all repeaters,

amplifiers, etc.amplifiers, etc.

Same is true for Same is true for all repeaters, all repeaters,

amplifiers, etc.amplifiers, etc.

Only a very few Only a very few are exempt.are exempt.

Only a very few Only a very few are exempt.are exempt.






Signal is coupled from one leg...

..right back to the same leg.




Signal is coupled from one leg...

.. to the

otherother leg.


Passive coupling gives the signal a

“short cut” between legs.

120/240v Split -Single Phase

AA BB NN

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

CP000 Passive

Coupler

CP000 Passive

Coupler

?

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Even with passive coupling, 240v receivers are

sometimes unreliable.




?

CP000 Passive

Coupler

CP000 Passive

Coupler

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX


+ --


It’s easy to understand that the volt meter measures the

battery voltage from the

yellowyellow wire to the black wire

+ 1.5v





+ 1.5v


+ 1.5v




and to the redred wire.


+ 0.0v

It’s also easy to understand that the volt meter

measures zerozero voltage from the

black wire to the redred wire....


RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

Will the addition of a CA000 Amplifier help

signal strength??....


AA BB NN

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

CP000 Insufficient.

CA000Amplifier

CA000Amplifier NOPE !!!NOPE !!!


Coupler-Repeaters:Coupler-Repeaters: What they do ! What they do !

CRx34CRx34


How a Coupler / Repeater “Repeats”.

John Smith, John Smith.Come here, come here.

-------, John Smith.--------, come here.

Okay!


How a Coupler / Repeater “Repeats”.

A1

--

A1

A1

A-On

-----

A-On

A-On

Click"On"

Transmitter Receiver

Coupler/Repeater


RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

A “Coupler / RepeaterCoupler / Repeater” offers more advantages

for the larger residences,


AA BB NN

CR230 CouplerRepeater


And remember, a repeater WITH passive coupling is

not a good idea.


A “Coupler / RepeaterCoupler / Repeater” generates signal that

“adds” phase to phase.

+

- -

+

3.0v

Plus the newer units also handle

Dim / BrtDim / Brt commands better.

(But we will talk about that later.)


RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

A “Coupler / RepeaterCoupler / Repeater” offers more advantages

for the larger residences,

!...and 240v receivers

work better, too.


AA BB NN

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX




An example of system to system passive coupling.

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX RXRX

120/240v Target System

AA BB NN



RXRX

TXTX

CP020CP020 CP020CP020

120/240v Split-Single Phase

AA BB NN


An example of system to system

amplifier coupling.

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX RXRX

RXRX

CP020CP020 CP020CP020


AA BB NN



TXTX


AA BB NN

CA000CA000CP010CP010


An example of system to system

repeater coupling.

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX RXRX

RXRX


AA BB NN



TXTX


AA BB NN




Coupler Coupler RepeatersRepeaters

Switches: #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 Purpose: Prec. Rec Pos Prev Rept Sys Protocol Trans Out Trans Pos RecWindow Setting SCC Rec at 30º Ignore Split ACT Disable 0º Only Sensitive Setting Either Rec at 0º Repeat 3-Ph X-10 Normal 0º & 30º Normal


31 X-10 Beyond the BasicsEH-Expo, S20, Cell #CAnother greatly exaggerated view..Another greatly exaggerated view..

32 X-10 Beyond the BasicsEH-Expo, S20, Cell #CAnother greatly exaggerated view..Another greatly exaggerated view..


Typical 120/240v distribution system.Typical 120/240v distribution system.

Humungo, buncho, mega-voltage from the utility substation.

120v

120v

240v

L1 L2

Neutral

Typical 120/240v 2-panel system.Typical 120/240v 2-panel system.

Single phase 120v loads.

Phase-to-phase 240v loads.


Humungo, buncho, mega-voltage from the utility substation.

120v

208v

L1 L3

NeutralNeutral

Typical 120/208v 3-Phase System.Typical 120/208v 3-Phase System.


Ph-to-Ph 208v load.

L2

3-phase load.


3-Phase, 120/208v distribution systems are

quite different from residential systems.

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

120/208v Three Phase

AA BB CC NN


Very few can operate at all with only natural

coupling and only a few can get by with passive coupling.

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX


AA BB CC NN

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler


If signal must be shared on all 3 legs, there comes a time when there is simply not

enough signal.

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

RXRX


AA BB CC NN

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler


It is sometimes difficult to understand why

phase-to-phase receivers fail to operate at all.

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

RXRX


AA BB CC NN

?

?

?

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX


All Electric Utilities generate electric power in 3 phases.

S N

S NS N

S N


3-Phase Vector Relationship

EAN

0o

120o

240o

EBN

ECN

60o

180o

300o

ENC

ENA

ENB



EAN

60o

0o

120o

180o

300o240o

ENC

EBN

ENA

ENB

ECN

30o

EAB

210o

EBA



EAC

ECB 330o

90o

E E E

E E E j

E E j

E E

E E j

E E E E j j

E E E j

E E j

E E j

E

AB NB AN

NB NB NB

AN AN

NB AN

AN NB

AB NB NB NB

AB NB NB

AB NB

AB NB

Cos Sin

Cos( ) Sin( )

60 60

0

0

60 60 0

1

21

3

2

3

2

3

2

1

23 3

AB NB

AB NB NB

E

E E E

E EAB NB

1

23 3

1

212

1

22 3

2 2

3

( )

EAN

60o

30o

0o

120o

180o

300o

210o

240o

EAB

ENC

EBN

ENA

EBA

EBC

ECAENB

ECN

270o

150o


Transmitters generate pulses only for leg-to-neutral zero crossings.


RXRX

TXTX

RXRX


AA BB CC NN

!

!

!

A “Coupler / RepeaterCoupler / Repeater” is recommended for all but a very few 3-phase systems.Coupler

Repeater

CouplerRepeater

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RXRXRX


RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

RXRX

System to System coupling.

Source120/208v 3-Ph

AA BB CC NN

RXRX

RXRX

RXRX

RXRX

Target120/208v 3-Ph

AA BB CC NN

RXRXRXRX

RXRX

RXRX

RXRXNow,

everything works.

Now, everything

works.

RepeaterRepeaterRepeaterRepeater

TXTX


H.B.M.V. from utility.

277v

480v

L1L1 L3L3

NeutralNeutral

Typical 277/480v 3-Phase Sys. w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.Typical 277/480v 3-Phase Sys. w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.

L2L2

3-phase 480v load.

Single phase 277v load.

120v load.

120v load.

:Y


480v

L1L1 L3L3

L2L2

3-phase 480v load.

120v load.

:Y120v load.

480v loads.

Typical 480v 3-Phase Delta w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.Typical 480v 3-Phase Delta w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.


Complex Coupling Example #1Old Utility Transformer 120/240v split-single phase

277v Panel

120v Panel

:Y Xfmr

New Utility Transformer 277/480v 3-phase

Split-phase Breaker Panel.

Old building had PCC system installed for many years with old style repeater

New building expansion is proposed and will be much larger than the original building.

Repeater


Complex Coupling Example #1Old Utility Transformer 120/240v split-single phase

New Utility Transformer 277/480v 3-phase

Split-phase Breaker Panel.

Repeater Repeater Repeater

277v Panel

120v Panel

:Y Xfmr




Complex Coupling Example #3

Huge building: Each quadrant has a 277/480v transformer for lighting and HVAC, then a 120/208v transformer for outlets, etc.

Xfmr 277v Pnl

Xfmr120v Pnl

Xfmr277v Pnl

Xfmr

120v Pnl Xfmr

277v Pnl

Xfmr

120v Pnl

Xfmr277v Pnl

Xfmr120v Pnl

Office


Complex Coupling Example #3

Xfmr 277v Pnl

Xfmr120v Pnl

Xfmr277v Pnl

Xfmr

120v Pnl Xfmr

277v Pnl

Xfmr

120v Pnl

Xfmr277v Pnl

Xfmr120v Pnl

OfficeTX

Repeater

Repeater Repeater

RepeaterRepeater

Repeater Repeater

Repeater




There is one more electrical distribution system that we have not yet mentioned….

…one that uses a strange transformer...

It goes by many “ccoolloorrffuull” names…..

“Stinger”

Leg Delta.“RED”

Leg

Delta.

““CC rr aa zz y”y” Leg Leg

Delta.Delta.

“Wild” Leg Delta.““Bastard” Leg Delta.Bastard” Leg Delta.

The “Dreaded” High-Leg Delta!


The “Dreaded” High-Leg Delta!

H.B.M.V. from utility.

120v

240v

L1L1

L3L3

L2L2


1-ph Panel.

L1L1

3-ph Panel.

““CC rr aa zz y”y” Leg Leg

Delta.Delta.

“Stinger”

Leg Delta.

“Wild” Leg Delta.

“RED”

Leg

Delta.

““Bastard” Leg Delta.Bastard” Leg Delta.

NeutralNeutral

If you ever run into a


“high-leg”, run!!“high-leg”, run!!If you ever run into a


“high-leg”, run!!“high-leg”, run!!


Troubleshooting !!Troubleshooting !!

• FirstFirst - Be comfortable with the equipment before you go to your customer’s location.

• SecondSecond - Have a good working knowledge of electrical distribution systems, panels, wiring, etc. and work with a licensed electrician (unless you are one).

Checklist:Checklist:


Troubleshooting !!Troubleshooting !!

• ThirdThird - Have a good working knowledge of X-10 (and related compatible equipment) from personal experience and test bench work.

• LastlyLastly - Remember, your customer is not paying for you to learn on the job. They are paying you because you are supposed to already know how this stuff works.

Checklist:Checklist:


PCC Troubleshooting

Flow Chart.

This general PCC troubleshooting chart is intended to be a foundation which the PCC technician can use to help determine and correct PCC system

problems. It is not intended to be a replacement for training and experience. It is assumed that the technician on site is knowledgeable with

standard PCC test equipment and devices.PCC System has failed or is unreliable:

PCC System has failed or is unreliable:

Is the entire PCC system

effected or at least a large section of it effected ?

Is the entire PCC system

effected or at least a large section of it effected ?

Has anything changed

recently, new electronic

equipment, ballasts, VSD’s,

etc?

Has anything changed

recently, new electronic

equipment, ballasts, VSD’s,

etc?

Turn off power to new

equipment. Is rest of PCC system now functioning properly?

Turn off power to new

equipment. Is rest of PCC system now functioning properly?

Test for signal level to all effected locations. Are signal strength

tests okay?

Test for signal level to all effected locations. Are signal strength

tests okay?

Signal level tests can show weak signal or

“errors” in signal. Is signal

just weak?

Signal level tests can show weak signal or

“errors” in signal. Is signal

just weak?

If the ACT test receiver shows an “Error” then the signal is corrupted.

If the ACT test receiver shows an “Error” then the signal is corrupted.

If signal strength is good, then coupling

is okay. Are all transmitters working

properly?

If signal strength is good, then coupling

is okay. Are all transmitters working

properly?

Replace or filter offending equipment so it will no longer pollute the electrical environment.

Replace or filter offending equipment so it will no longer pollute the electrical environment.

If transmitters, signal level and coupling are okay, then

the receivers are faulty. Test & replace them.

If transmitters, signal level and coupling are okay, then

the receivers are faulty. Test & replace them.

Determine location of interference (usually by turning off breakers in sequence). Replace or filter offending equipment so it no longer pollutes the electrical environment. Occasionally an improperly installed or faulty PCC device will cause corrupted signal. Replace device and/or correct installation.

Determine location of interference (usually by turning off breakers in sequence). Replace or filter offending equipment so it no longer pollutes the electrical environment. Occasionally an improperly installed or faulty PCC device will cause corrupted signal. Replace device and/or correct installation.

Transmitters come in a variety of models depending on the job. If the unit is a simple wall mount or desktop transmitter, test and replace as needed. If the transmitter in question is a programmable or computer interface unit, then more sophisticated troubleshooting will need to be done. Check the program and the conditions under which it operates. Correct or replace as needed.

Transmitters come in a variety of models depending on the job. If the unit is a simple wall mount or desktop transmitter, test and replace as needed. If the transmitter in question is a programmable or computer interface unit, then more sophisticated troubleshooting will need to be done. Check the program and the conditions under which it operates. Correct or replace as needed.

If signal strength is weak, then coupling may be inadequate or

existing coupling equipment has failed? Test existing coupling

equipment. Do the tests show the devices to be working?

If signal strength is weak, then coupling may be inadequate or

existing coupling equipment has failed? Test existing coupling

equipment. Do the tests show the devices to be working?

Review current coupling design to determine what needs to be changed. Change coupling to increase signal to acceptable levels.

Review current coupling design to determine what needs to be changed. Change coupling to increase signal to acceptable levels.

Test and replace coupling equipment as needed. Test and replace coupling equipment as needed.

Done.PCC System

should function properly.

Done.PCC System

should function properly.

YESYESNONO

YESYES


PCC Troubleshooting

Flow Chart.

This general PCC troubleshooting chart is intended to be a foundation which the PCC technician can use to help determine and correct PCC system

problems. It is not intended to be a replacement for training and experience. It is assumed that the technician on site is knowledgeable with

standard PCC test equipment and devices.

Its bad!!

Its bad!!

Is all or big area effected

?

Is all or big area effected

?

Anything changed?

Anything changed?

Remove it! Does it work?

Remove it! Does it work?

Is Signal level okay?

Is Signal level okay?

Is signal weak?

Is signal weak?

…Or “errors” ?

…Or “errors” ?

Are the transmitters working?

Are the transmitters working?

Replace or filter it.

Replace or filter it.

It must be the receivers, fix

them.

It must be the receivers, fix

them.

Replace, filter or remove offending equipmentReplace, filter or remove offending equipment

Test and then replace, correct or fix as needed.Test and then replace, correct or fix as needed.

Is coupling equipment working?

Is coupling equipment working?

Change coupling design.

Change coupling design.

Replace, fix or correct coupling.

Replace, fix or correct coupling.

Fixed!Fixed!YESYESNONO

YESYES


Thank you for taking the time.Thank you for taking the time.

• We hope you know more about “Extended Code”, “2-Way” and how to use these new features, than you did this morning.

• We wanted to give you all certificates but we’re too cheap.

• If you have any questions, Grab me here or in the ACT booth.

• If you have comments about this class, please let us know.

• Tipping the instructors is encouraged.

Jimbo Billy Bob is

hereby awarded this

certificate showing to

the world that he was

able to sit through this

class without falling

asleep.

1 X-10 Beyond the Basics EH-Expo, S20, Cell #C Thank you for taking the time. We hope you know more...

Documents

Transcript of 1 X-10 Beyond the Basics EH-Expo, S20, Cell #C Thank you for taking the time. We hope you know more...