Battle of the Atlantic 1939-1945 By: Jordyn, Ivana, Emily, Vanessa.
1 WW 2 History Club 25-Mar-2015 Battle of the Atlantic.
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Transcript of 1 WW 2 History Club 25-Mar-2015 Battle of the Atlantic.
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WW 2 History Club
25-Mar-2015
Battle of the AtlanticBattle of the Atlantic
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Meeting Agenda
1. Pledge of Allegiance2. Administration3. Battle of the Atlantic Introduction4. Video5. Brian Evans (Graf Spee)6. Clint Westberry (USCG in WW2)7. Q&A8. Closing
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WW2 Vets
WW2 vets are meeting before each regular Wednesday
meeting( 1:30 to 3:00 )
See Lou Branch
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WW2 Vets
WW2 vets are meeting for breakfast at Lil’ Bits Cafe
(off Rte 466) the Tuesday following each regular Wednesday meeting
See Lou Branch
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Web Site
The place to find out what is going on
The place for interesting items on WW2 (daily)
www.ww2hc.org
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Future Meetings4th Wednesday of the month
Colony Cottage Mar 2015: Battle of the Atlantic Apr 2015: Plots to Kill Hitler May 2015: POWs Jun 2015: German Military Commanders Jul 2015: British Military Commanders Aug 2015: End of War Alternatives Sep 2015: Beginning of War Alternatives
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Movie Night3rd Wednesday of the month
Seabreeze Rec Center
Mar 2015: Pursuit of the Graf Spee Apr 2015: Valkyrie May 2015: Unbroken Jun 2015: TBD Jul 2015: TBD
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WWII Book ClubNEW!! 4th Friday of the month
Colony 1PM to 3PM
Apr 2015: Killing Hitler: The Plots, …
May 2015: Unbroken
details on web site
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WW2 Vets flown to Wash DC Over 400 vets so far Lots more in the queue Next regular Mission is today (that is
why Mark is not here) WW2HC donated $3,500 in Feb’15
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WW 2 History Club
25-Mar-2015
Battle of the AtlanticBattle of the Atlantic
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Battle of the Atlantic Longest campaign of WWII (ignoring Sino-
Japanese campaigns)
Sep 1939 to May 1945 (5 years, 8 months, 5 days)
One of the few things that really scared Churchill
Entire strategy for defeating Germans relied on the ability of the Allies to transport men and material across the Atlantic
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Battle of the Atlantic 3,500 merchant ships sunk, 36,000 merchant
seaman killed
175 warships sunk, 36,200 sailors lost
740 RAF aircraft lost
783 U-boats sunk, ~ 30,000 sailors lost
As a percentage of those who served, the most lethal service was the Merchant Marine
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Battle of the AtlanticA see-saw battle (with the advantage mostly to the
Germans) until mid 1943; suddenly it was all but over:
Naval Enigma was broken
Long range aircraft (B-24) closed the mid ocean gap
Leigh Light
Merchant aircraft carriers and later escort carriers
Sea scanning radar
Destroyer escorts (better adapted, built in larger numbers)
Hunter-killer groups and better tactics
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Battle of the AtlanticMany cutting edge technologies were honed during
this campign:
RADAR
SONAR
Operations Research
Sub hunting
Codes and ciphers
“Ahead Throwing” weapons
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Call Letters of Trans-Atlantic Convoys:
HX:fast convoys (9 knots or over) sailing from Halifax or New
York
SC:slow convoys (under 9 knots) sailing from Sydney, Nova
Scotia, Halifax or New York
ON:westbound convoys sailing from Great Britain to North
America
ONS:slow westbound convoys sailing from Great Britain to
North America
Call Letters of Canadian Coastal Convoys:
BX: Boston to Halifax
XB: Halifax to Boston
SQ: Sydney to Quebec City
QS: Quebec City to Sydney
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Who Knew? 3-Sep-1939, U-30 sinks the Athenia, a passenger liner with
1100 passengers outbound from the UK -- and The Battle of the Atlantic starts. By the then rules of war, it should not have been sunk; the u-boat captain was almost court martialed; instead the Germans covered it up and blamed the British
09-May-1941, U-110 is attacked by Royal Navy vessels and is scuttled. But before it sinks, the British recover a naval enigma machine and several relevant codes. This is consider to be the most significant u-boat “sinking” of the war
Captain Fritz-Julius Lemp was the U-boat commander in both incidents