1. What are the general design aspects dealt so far in DPR Projects, in terms of Alignment

selection, Profile Criterion?

Ans: The Design Aspects which are dealt in DPR Projects are the following:

� Geometry

� Drainage

� Terrain

� Salvaging the Existing Road

� Right of Way (ROW) – Central or Lateral

� Urban areas ie. Residential/Commercial

� R & R Issues

� Religious Issues

� Environmental Issue if Any

2. What is the capacity of a 2 lane, 4 lane, 6 lane road in LOS B and LOS C

condition?

Ans: 2 lane – 18,000 PCU & 21000PCU ; 4 lane – 40,000 PCU (At LOS B) & 60,000 PCU

(At LOS C) and 6 Lane – More than 40,000 PCU

3. In an at grade intersection, what shall be the que lane length for right turn? How

many vehicles are supposed to be waiting in the que?

Ans: Que Lane Length = 50 m (Appro); No of Vehicles = 8-10 Vehicles

4. What is K value? What does it measure? What is the difference between Desirable

and Stopping Sight Distance?

Ans: K value = Length/Change of Grade; It is a measure of Sight Distance;

SSD – It is the breaking Distance required for a vehicle to stop in front of an object at 0.15 m

high & 1.2 m eye height.

Desirable Sight Distance = 2 X Stopping Sight Distance

5. What are the statutory codes and standards for 2 lane, 4 lane and 6 lane projects

and what improvements are suggested in terms of improving from a 2 lane to 4

lane to 6 lane?

Ans: a) IRC:SP:73-2015 – Manual of Specifications & Standards for to 2-Laning of Highway

with Paved Shoulder.

b) IRC:SP:84-2014 – Manual of Specifications & Standards for to 4-Laning of Highway

through Public Private Partnership (First Revision).

c) IRC:SP:87-2013 – Manual of Specifications & Standards for to 6-Laning of Highway

through Public Private Partnership (First Revision).

The improvements generally suggested in terms of improving from a 2 lane to 4 lane to 6

lane are the Geometrical Improvements/bypasses for Major Urban Interventions, Drainage,

etc, etc.

6. What is meant by COD? What is meant by Financial Closure? What is a

development stage of a contract?

Ans: COD -Commercial Opening Date

Financial Closure – The Financial Closure is the Stage where all sources of equity are

finalized and the Financing Mechanism for the implementation of the Project is formally

closed.

Development Stage – Design of the Project is Finalized in Consultation with IE/AE/Client.

7. What are negative and positive variation claims? What are positive and negative

grant conditions?

Ans: Negative Grants – Where the Client is required to provide additional/extra grants to

support the Construction of the Project.

Positive Grant- Where the Project is highly viable and the Client receives a Premium from

the Concessionaire. The Highest Premium is awarded the Contract.

8. What are the basic conditions for implementing a HAM Contract? How does it differ from

EPC and BOT types?

Ans: HAM Contract – It is a modified form of an Annuity Contract. The funding mechanism

in HAM is 40% upfront payment by client based on milestones specified in the contract and

balance 60% in bi-annual (mostly) annuity payments for the concession period.

EPC Contracts – In case of EPC, the Total Cost of Project implementation is borne by the

Client and there is a Defect Liability period which varies from 3 to 5 years.

BOT Contract- In case of BOT Contracts, the Cost of Construction is borne by the

Concessionaire and he collects Toll for a Concession Period of 25-30 Years.

9. What are the different flexible pavement design technologies prevalent in the

country

Flexible pavements include pavements with Bituminous surfacing over:

(i) Granular base and sub-base

(ii) Cementitious bases and sub-bases with a crack relief layer of aggregate interlayer below

the bituminous surfacing

(iii) Cementitious bases and sub-bases with SAMI in-between bituminous surfacing and the

cementitious base layer for retarding the reflection cracks into the bituminous layer

(iv) Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) with or without addition of fresh aggregates treated

with foamed bitumen/bitumen emulsion

(v) Use of deep strength long life bituminous pavement

10. What is meant by Fatigue and Rutting Criteria?

The IRC: 37-2001 was based on a Mechanistic Empirical approach, which

considered the design life of pavement to last till the fatigue cracking in bituminous

surface extended to 20 per cent of the pavement surface area or rutting in the

pavement reached the terminal rutting of 20 mm, whichever happened earlier. The

same approach and the criteria are followed in IRC: 37-2012 as well, except that the

cracking and rutting have been restricted to 10 per cent of the area for design traffic

exceeding 30 million standard axles.

11. What kind of soil stabilization techniques are in operation?

Soil stabilization can be achieved with cement, bitumen, lime, chemical stabilization,

geotextile, grouting etc. It is a method of improving soil properties by blending and

mixing other materials.

A flexible pavement covered in these guidelines consists of different layers as shown

in Fig.

The sub-base and the base layer can be unbound (e.g. granular) or chemical stabilized with

stabilizers such as cement, lime, flyash and other cementitious stabilizers. In case of

pavements with cementitious base, a crack relief layer provided between the bituminous

layer and the cementitious base delays considerably the reflection crack in the bituminous

course. This may consist of crushed aggregates of thickness 100 mm of WMM conforming

to IRC/MORTH specifications.

Soil Stabilization with Cement

The soil stabilized with cement is known as soil cement. The cementing action is believed to

be the result of chemical reactions of cement with siliceous soil during hydration reaction.

The important factors affecting the soil-cement are nature of soil content, conditions of

mixing, compaction, curing and admixtures used.

The appropriate amounts of cement needed for different types of soils may be as follows:

Gravels – 5 to 10%

Sands – 7 to 12%

Silts – 12 to 15%, and

Clays – 12 – 20%

Soil Stabilization using Lime

Slaked lime is very effective in treating heavy plastic clayey soils. Lime may be used alone

or in combination with cement, bitumen or fly ash. Sandy soils can also be stabilized with

these combinations. Lime has been mainly used for stabilizing the road bases and the

subgrade.

Lime changes the nature of the adsorbed layer and provides pozzolanic action. Plasticity

index of highly plastic soils are reduced by the addition of lime with soil. There is an increase

in the optimum water content and a decrease in the maximum compacted density and the

strength and durability of soil increases.

Soil Stabilization with Bitumen

Asphalts and tars are bituminous materials which are used for stabilization of soil, generally

for pavement construction. Bituminous materials when added to a soil, it imparts both

cohesion and reduced water absorption. Depending upon the above actions and the nature

of soils, bitumen stabilization is classified in following four types:

Sand bitumen stabilization

Soil Bitumen stabilization

Water proofed mechanical stabilization, and

Oiled earth.

Chemical Stabilization of Soil

Calcium chloride being hygroscopic and deliquescent is used as a water retentive additive in

mechanically stabilized soil bases and surfacing. The vapor pressure gets lowered, surface

tension increases and rate of evaporation decreases. The freezing point of pure water gets

lowered and it results in prevention or reduction of frost heave.

The depressing the electric double layer, the salt reduces the water pick up and thus the

loss of strength of fine grained soils. Calcium chloride acts as a soil flocculent and facilitates

compaction.

Frequent application of calcium chloride may be necessary to make up for the loss of

chemical by leaching action. For the salt to be effective, the relative humidity of the

atmosphere should be above 30%.

Sodium chloride is the other chemical that can be used for this purpose with a stabilizing

action similar to that of calcium chloride.

Sodium silicate is yet another chemical used for this purpose in combination with other

chemicals such as calcium chloride, polymers, chrome lignin, alkyl chlorosilanes, siliconites,

amines and quarternary ammonium salts, sodium hexametaphosphate, phosphoric acid

combined with a wetting agent.

12. What is meant by stage construction?

It is recommended that pavements for National Highways and State Highways should be

designed for a minimum life of 15 years. Expressways and Urban Roads may be designed

for a longer life of 20 years or higher using innovative design adopting high fatigue

bituminous mixes. In the light of experience in India and abroad, very high volume roads

with design traffic greater than 200 msa and perpetual pavements can also be designed

using the principles stated in the guidelines. For other categories of roads, a design life of 10

to 15 years may be adopted.

If stage construction is adopted, thickness of granular layer should be provided for the full

design period. In case of cemented bases and sub-bases, stage construction may lead to

early failure because of high flexural stresses in the cemented layer and therefore, not

recommended.

13. What are Periodic and Routine Maintenance and what is the major difference?

Routine maintenance, which comprises small-scale works conducted regularly, aims “to

ensure the daily passability and safety of existing roads in the short-run

and to prevent premature deterioration of the roads” Frequency of activities varies but is

generally once or more a week or month. Typical activities include roadside verge clearing

and grass cutting, cleaning of silted ditches and culverts, patching, and pothole repair. For

gravel roads it may include regrading every six months.

Periodic maintenance, which covers activities on a section of road at regular and relatively

long intervals, aims “to preserve the structural integrity of the road” (WB Maintenance

website). These operations tend to be large scale, requiring specialized equipment and

skilled personnel. They cost more than routine maintenance works and require specific

identification and planning for implementation and often even design. Activities can be

classified as preventive, resurfacing, overlay, and pavement reconstruction. Resealing and

overlay works are generally undertaken in response to measured deterioration in road

conditions. For a paved road repaving is needed about every eight years; for a gravel road

re-graveling is needed about every three years.

Urgent maintenance is undertaken for repairs that cannot be foreseen but require

immediate attention, such as collapsed culverts or landslides that block a road.

Maintenance does not include rehabilitation, building shoulders, or widening roads. If the

sections to be rebuilt constitute more than 25 percent of the road’s length, the work is

rehabilitation, not maintenance.

14. What is the HFL criterion in raising stretches in normal sections and submerged

sections? What is the general embankment height adopted in such situations?

Ans: The answer is indicated below:

HFL Criterion in Fill Sections (Raising Stretches)

In Normal Sections- Top of Subgrade should be at least 0.50 m above the Original Ground

Level.

In Submerged Section - the Subgrade bottom should be 0.5 to 1.0 m above the High Flood

Level (HFL).

15. What are the PROW adopted for Plain, Rolling and Hilly Stretches?

Ans: Plain Terrain – 45-60 m; Rolling Terrain – 30-45 m; Hilly Terrain – 20 to 24 m

16. What is the minimum radius for A Speed of 100 Km/hr?

Ans: R=360 m (2 lane) & R= 400 m (4 Lane)

17. What is the Corresponding Super elevation and Transition Length?

Ans: e = 7 % (2 lane) & Length=130m, e= 5 % (4 lane) Transition Length = 110 m

18. What are the different modes of Project Implementation and under what

circumstances they are adopted?

Ans: BOT (TOLL) – Where the Project is Viable under the Tolling and the Concessionaire

takes up the Work with Tolling as a possible source of Revenue Generation.

Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) - It is a modified form of an Annuity Contract. The funding

mechanism in HAM is 40% upfront payment by client based on milestones specified in the

contract and balance 60% in bi-annual (mostly) annuity payments for the concession period.

19. What is the minimum Sight Distance required for a Speed of 100 Km/hr? What are

the corresponding ISD and OSD.

Sight Distance = Stopping Sight Distance (SSD) = 180 m, ISD= 360m and OSD=640m.

20. What is HAM?

Ans: Hybrid Annuity Model

S.N

Questions Answers

21

Since how long you are associated with the present organization?

Subjective Question (Will depend on the Individual)

22

How many DPR projects you have completed till now and what are the project details?

Subjective Question (Will depend on the Individual)

23

How do you work out the rates for any Highway project?

i) MORTH Standard Data Book for Scheduled Items.

ii) Market Rates are used for Unscheduled Items.

24

What is the Format adopted for Rate Analysis?

MORTH

25

What is the Bitumen content in Dense Bituminous Macadam and Bituminous concrete?

DBM (Grading 1) – Minimum 4 %

DBM (Grading 2) – Minimum 4.5%

BC (Grading 1) – Minimum 5.2%

BC (Grading 2) – Minimum 5.4%

IRC 111-2009 & MORT&H 5th revision

26

What are the overheads & profits for road works & bridge works?

Overheads – 8 % (Roadworks) & 20 % (Bridge Works)

Profits – 10 % (For Both Roadworks & Bridge Works)

S.N

Questions Answers

27

What are the components in Rate Analysis?

Material, Machinery & Manpower

28

What is the cost per Km for new 2 lane Highway project coming now days?

4-6 Crore Per Km (Will be More for Hilly Terrain)

29

What is cost per Km for civil construction from 2 lane to 4 lane project highway?

10-12 Crore per Km (Will be More for Hilly Terrain)

30

What is cost per Km for civil construction from 4 lane to 6 lane project highway?

18-20 Crore per Km (Will be More for Hilly Terrain)

31

What is total project cost in case of BOT, EPC and Hybrid contracts?

It is the Total Civil Cost + the Centages which varies as per the Mode of Implementation.

32

Is Fly ash can be used for Embankment?

Flyash can be used as embankment fill subjected that the material fulfil

physical & chemical properties as appropriate. As per Amendment to IRC

SP 58- Pond ash should be used as embankment fill material. IRC SP

58- Use of Flyash in road embankment & MORT&H 5th Revision

S.N

Questions Answers

33

How Project Milestone is related to Physical Progress in Hybrid Annuity mode?

As per Clause 23 of the HAM Documents

34

What is payment mode in BOT contract?

Annual Payment as per the Concession Agreement

35

What is payment mode in Hybrid contract?

40 % Upfront Payment by Client

60 % - On Annuity Payments

36

What is payment mode in EPC contract?

Lump Sum Contract (Payment as per Schedule H)

37

What are the milestones in EPC Contract?

The Project Milestones are

38

Do you have knowledge about MS Project, Primavera and its application?

Subjective Question (Will depend on the Individual)

39

Competency with Software in Financial analysis?

Subjective Question (Will depend on the Individual)

40

Competency with Design Software like Stadd Pro, MX Road, AutoCAD & Revit?

Subjective Question (Will depend on the Individual)

S.N

Questions Answers

41

Design Experience in Bridges/Road?

Subjective Question (Will depend on the Individual)

42 Full form of (RAP) and Social Issues related with Highway Project?

RAP – Resettlement Action Plan

The Social Issues related to Highway Projects are as under;

� Compensation of Affected PAP (PAP= Project Affected Persons)

� Restoration of the Loss of Livelihood

� HIV Awareness Programme

� Creation of Social Infrastructure

43

What are the deciding criteria for checking unsuitability of Soil?

Materials with swamps , marshes and bogs

Soil that classify as OL ( organic silt) ,OH( organic clay high plasticity)or Pt ( peat) in accordance with IS 1498

Clay with LL> 50 and PI >25

Material with salt result in leaching

44 Type of Bitumen & grades?

Conventional bitumen, VG 30, VG 40 generally used.

Modified bitumen (IRC SP 53-2010)

45

Use of Fly Ash & Code for Fly ash utilization and MOEF Circular?

As per the circular issued by The Gazatte of India dated 25th January 2016, Pond ash shall be collected within 300km periphery of the project area.

46

What are the B K Chaturvedi Norms for the Cost of 2-lane/4-lane/6-lane Road?

4.606 Crore Per Km

12.508 Crore Per Km

13.577 Crore Per Km

47 What is GMM?

Maximum theoretical specific gravity

(Used in bitumen mix design)

S.N

Questions Answers

48 Use of Geotextile?

Geotextile can be used for drainage, separation and erosion control measures.

MORT&H

IRC SP 59- Use of Geotextile in road pavement and associated works

49 Have you done Value Engineering?

The Value Addition generally refers to use of latest Technology like the GPS/Lidar/Latest Software/ Optimization in Designs/Optimization in Procedures, etc, etc.

50

What is EMP & with relevant IRC Code?

EMP-Environmental Management Plan

Relevant IRC Code :IRC: SP:108:2015 (For EMP)

IRC:SP:21:2009 (For Landscaping & Tree Plantation)

IRC:104:1988 (Guidelines for EIA of Highway Projects)

Sl. No.

Question Reply

1. Have you gone through your CV which reflects your correct qualification and experience

2. Year of graduation/diploma

3. Name of the Institution from where graduated

4 Any Post Graduate qualification

5 Membership, if any organisation

6 Name some of the important bridge projects constructed / supervised by you

7 Major bridges, length of span, No. of spans and total length

Bridges having overall bridge length between inner faces of dirt walls more than 60m. It can be single span or multiple spans

8 Type of foundations It can be open (isolated, raft or combined), well or pile foundations.

The minimum centre-centre spacing of piles has been kept as 2 to 3 times pile diameter.

9 Type of superstructure Material-wise - superstructure can be in Stone slab, RCC, prestressed concrete, steel or composite type.

System of Support wise – Simply Supported, Continuous, Integral, Balanced Cantilever and Cable supported

Forms of Superstructure – Arch, Solid slab, Voided slab, T-Beam & slab, Box Girder, Suspension, Cable stayed, Extra-dosed, Truss, Single/Multiple cell box.

10. Whether 2-lane, 4-lane or 6-lane including corresponding width of carriageways

Carriageway width requirement

2-lane : 11.00m overall 16.0m

4-lane : 2 x 8.5m overall 2 x 12.5m

6-lane : 2 x 12.0m overall 2 x 16.0m

11 Grade of concrete used in foundations, sub-structures and superstructures

For all structural members of a bridge. Minimum grade of structural concrete is M-25, for prestressed concrete, it is M-35. Non – structural members can be in M-15 grade.

12. Quantity of surface reinforcement required in plain cement concrete surfaces

As per clause 15.2.6 (10) of IRC: 112-2011 shall be 1% of clear cover multiplied by width.

13 In case of prestressed concrete bridges, type of prestressing cables, their nos.

Prestressing stands shall be 7 ply stress relieved low relaxation wires confirming to IS:14268 of diameter 12.7mm and 15.2mm. Cable shall be comprises of 4, 7, 12, 19, 27, etc. stands

14 Depth of superstructure relating to span length for RCC and PSC girders

RCC I-Girder – L/10 to L/12

PSC I-Girder – L/12 to L/15

PSC Box-Girder – L/15 to L/20

15 Purpose of grouting the cables Grouting of cables is carried to protect cables from rusting as well as provide bond between cables and sheathing.

16. Type of bearings used It can be of mild steel roller and rocker – all components are of mild steel, except rollers.

Cast steel roller and rocker - all components to be of cast steel

Elastomeric - normally used in bridges in seismic zone-II

Pot cum PTFE – it can take vertical as well as lateral load along with movement in any direction.

Spherical – it can take vertical as well as lateral load along with movement in any direction. There is no limit of rotation in this spherical bearing

17 Type of expansion joints Slab seal type, strip steel type, filler type, modular type where the expansion gaps are large.

18 What is kerb shy-ness Distance from face of road side kerb from edge of carriageway.

19 What is the minimum grade of concrete for various components of a bridge as per IRC

For all structural members of a bridge. Minimum grade of structural concrete is M-25, for prestressed concrete, it is M-35. Non – structural members can be in M-15 grade.

20 What are various types of bridge superstructures

Material-wise - superstructure can be in Stone slab, RCC, prestressed concrete, steel or composite type.

System of Support wise – Simply Supported, Continuous, Integral, Balanced Cantilever and Cable supported

Forms of Superstructure – Arch, Solid slab, Voided slab, T-Beam & slab, Box Girder, Suspension, Cable stayed, Extra-dosed, Truss, Single/Multiple cell box.

21 Idea about IRC codes relating to bridge design and construction

IRC – 5 : 2015: Section I, General Features

IRC – 6 : 2010: Section II, Loads and Stresses

IRC:112-2011: Code of practice for Concrete Road Bridges

IRC:22-1986: Composite construction

IRC:24-2010: Section V, Steel Road Bridges (Limit State Design)

IRC:78-2014: Section VII, Foundations and Substructure

IRC:83 (Part I) 2015: Section IX (Part I) -Metallic Bearings

IRC:83 (Part II) 2015: Section IX (Part II) - Elastomeric Bearings

IRC:83 (Part III) 2002: Section IX (Part III), POT, POT cum PTFE, Pin and Metallic Guide Bearings

IRC:83(Part IV) 2014: Section IX (Part IV), Spherical & Cylindrical Bearings.

IRC:SP:35-1990: Guidelines for inspection and maintenance of bridges

22 What is counter fort type of abutment, retaining wall

Abutment and retaining walls are supported with buttresses which can be on either side of the vertical wall.

23 What are the types of IRC loading Class 70 R(Track): 70 MT (total)

Class 70 R(Wheel): 100 MT (total), Max. axial load 17MT & max. Boggie load 20MT

Class A: 55.4MT (total), max. axle load 11.4 MT

Class B: 33.2MT(total), max. axle load 6.8 MT

24 What are vertical, longitudinal, transverse forces used in design of various components of a bridge

• Dead Load

• Live load

• SIDL

• Buoyancy

• Water current

• Wind forces

• Seismic

• Braking

• Centrifugal

25 What is seismic effect Additional lateral and vertical load due to earthquake; it need to be considered in all three orthogonal direction simultaneously.

26 What is importance factor Importance factor is applicable in case of all river bridges, all types of bridges on NH & SH, bridges falling on roads serving ports, bridges crossing the railway line = 1.2

Long bridges more than 1 km long across perennial rivers and bridges on roads having no alternative route = 1.5

Definition

27 Effective length of water way Distance face to face of abutments less width of all immediate piers, if any, at HFL

28 Afflux Rise in flood level on upstream side due to any obstruction toward natural flow

29 Approach slab and its purpose It is a transition slab of RCC laid on approaches to a bridge, one end resting on bracket supported on dirt wall and other end supported on soil. Its thickness is 30 cm in M-30 grade concrete laid over 15 cm thick (min.) PCC in M-15 grade. 12 mm dia. steel @ 15 cm spacing in both directions both in top and bottom face.

30 Causeway It is a paved submergible structure with or without openings allowing flood water to cross over it.

31 Define classification for culvert, minor bridge and major bridge

Bridges up to 6m length between inner faces of dirt walls are classified as culverts.

Bridges from 6m to 60m length are classified as minor bridges

Bridges having length more than 60m are classified as major bridges.

32 Dirt wall It is a vertical wall projecting from abutment cap to prevent spill of earth/pavement material and also to support approach slab.

33 Free board It is the difference between HFL after allowing for afflux, if any, and the formation level of road embankment or top level of guide bunds at that point.

34 Vertical and horizontal clearance Vertical clearance is the height from the design flood level after allowing for afflux to the lowest point of superstructure.

35 Invert level It is the bed level of cross drainage structure at the lowest point of the bottom of a structure.

36 Grade separator v/s interchange Grade separator is a bridge, which facilitates movement of traffic by segregating at grade conflicting movements to different levels.

Interchange is a system of interconnecting roads in conjunction with one or more grade separations that provide for uninterrupted movement of traffic between two or more roads.

37 Purpose of providing weep holes Weep holes are provided in any type of vertical walls for release of water pressure from behind such walls.

38 Type of piles, bored, precast, spacing of piles

Classification-wise piles are bored cast-in-situ, pre-cast, driven type. The spacing of piles has to be minimum 3 times the diameter of piles.

39 Minimum percentage of reinforcement in piles

It has to be 0.4% of cross section of area of the pile.

40 Friction and load bearing piles Load carrying capacity wise, piles can be friction piles, load bearing piles or a combination of both.

41 Check for verticality -

42 End bearing piles Piles resting on rock or any other hard incompressible strata.

43 Embedment of foundations in case of hard rock, soft rock & disintegrated rock

The embedment of foundations in case of hard rock is 60cm; in soft rock and disintegrated rock 1.50m.

44 What are river training works Guide bunds and spurs

45 Design of aprons Carried out as per provision of IRC:89-1997

46 Design of slope pitching Carried out as per provision of IRC:89-1997

47 Design of filter media Carried out as per provision of IRC:89-1997

48 Advantages and disadvantages of RCC Box Cell Culverts.

Advantages:

• More economical due to moment distribution among superstructure, substructure and foundation.

• Construction time of box cell culvert is substantially less.

• Better quality control and more reduction in construction time.

Disadvantages:

• Suitable for small spans only

• Suitable for less scouring bed only

49 What are the duties and functions of:

Team Leader

Resident Engineers

Senior Highway Engineer

Senior Bridge Engineer

Material Engineer

Pavement Engineer

Lab Technician

The Role of these Key Personnel should be Read from a Particular Technical Proposal.

MANUALS:

1). IRC:SP:73-2015 – Manual of Specifications & Standards for to 2-Laning of Highway with

Paved Shoulder.

2). IRC:SP:84-2014 – Manual of Specifications & Standards for to 4-Laning of Highway

through Public Private Partnership (First Revision).

3). IRC:SP:87-2013 – Manual of Specifications & Standards for to 6-Laning of Highway

through Public Private Partnership (First Revision).

I. IRC SPECIFICATIONS, STANDARDS, DESIGN CODES

Sl. No.

Code/ Document No.

Title of the Publication

1 IRC:2-1968 Route Marker Signs for National Highways (First Revision)

2 IRC:5-1998 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section I – General Features of Design (Seventh Revision)

3 IRC:6-2014 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section-II Loads and Stresses (Revised Edition)

4 IRC:15-2011 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Construction of Concrete Roads (Fourth Revision)

5 IRC:37-2001 Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements (Second Revision)

6 IRC:37-2012 Tentative Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements

7 IRC:38-1988 Guidelines for Design of Horizontal Curves for Highways and Design Tables (First Revision)

8 IRC:73-1980 Geometric Design Standards for Rural (Non-Urban) Highways

9 IRC:75-1979 Guidelines for the Design of High Embankments

10 IRC:81-1997 Guidelines for Strengthening of Flexible Road Pavements Using Benkelman Beam Deflection Technique (First Revision)

11 IRC:86-1983 Geometric Design Standards for Urban Roads in Plains

12 IRC:104-1988 Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Highway Projects

13 IRC:106-1990 Guidelines for Capacity of Urban Roads in Plain Areas

14 IRC:115-2014 Guidelines for Structural Evaluation and Strengthening of Flexible Road Pavements Using Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) Technique”

II. IRC SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS

Sl. No.

Code/ Document No. Title of the Publication

1 IRC:SP:13-2004 Guidelines for the Design of Small Bridges and Culverts (First Revision)

2 IRC:SP:23-1983 Vertical Curves for Highways

3 IRC:SP:48-1998 Hill Road Manual

4 IRC:SP:91-2010 Guidelines for Road Tunnels