1 WELCOME TO… CGS 2100 Microapps for Business with your host Kyle Gower-Winter.
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Transcript of 1 WELCOME TO… CGS 2100 Microapps for Business with your host Kyle Gower-Winter.
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What are we covering today?
Get to know each other Talk about course materials Explore the course websites Go through the syllabus Learn class policies and procedures Discuss the Semester Agenda Start Chapter 1
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Preliminary Business
Students not in attendance today will be dropped from this course
There is a web-based section: http://service.cs.fsu.edu http://apps3.oti.fsu.edu/RegistrarCourseLooku
p/SearchForm Please turn off all cell phones.
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Chapter 1:Introduction to
Information Systems
• Information Concepts
• What Is an Information System
• Business Information Systems
• Systems Development
Topics:
Please turn your cell phone off.
• Organizations and Information Systems
• Competitive Advantage
• Performance-Based Information Systems
• Information Systems Personnel
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Information Systems
What information systems have you interacted with since the beginning of the semester?
How about this week? How about today?
Is it possible to exist without interacting with information systems?
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Basic Questions
What is information? What is a system? What is an information system? What is it good for?
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Data vs. Information
DATA
Raw Facts
•Hours Worked
•Pay Scale
•Overtime def
•Overtime Scale
INFO
Useful, valuable Facts:
•Total PaycheckApplying
Knowledge Base
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Characteristics of Valuable Information
•Accurate•Complete•Economical•Flexible•Reliable•Relevant
•Simple•Timely•Verifiable•Accessible•Secure
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System
A set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals
Takes some input, processes the input in its own way, and then produces some output
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What is an Information System?
Chapter 1.2
• input• processing• output• Feedback• Forecasting• Technology
infrastructure
Key Terms
• Computer-basedinformation system(CBIS)
• hardware• software• database
• Telecommunications• Networks• Internet• intranet• extranet• procedures
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Information System (IS)
Information System A set of interrelated elements or components
that collect (input), manipulate (process), and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism
to meet an objective.
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Information System Components
Input
Input: the activity of gathering & capturing raw data
Processing: converting or transforming data into useful outputs
Output
Output: production of useful information: documents and reports
Feedback
Feedback: output that is used to make changes to input or processing
Forecasting: the process of predicting future events to avoid problems
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Computer-Based Information Systems
CBIS: Composed of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information.
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CBIS Components
Hardware Computer equipment used to perform input,
processing, and output activities Software
Computer programs that govern the operation of the computer
Database Organized collection of facts and
information
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Telecommunications Electronic transmission
of signals for communications; enables organizations to link computer systems into effective networks.
CBIS Components
Network Connected computers and computer equipment
that enable electronic communications.
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CBIS Components
Internet The world’s largest telecommunications
network consisting of thousands of interconnected networks
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CBIS Components
People The most important elements in most CBIS
Procedures Strategies, policies, methods, and rules for
using CBIS (Process).
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Business Information Systems
Chapter 1.3
• E-commerce• M-commerce• transaction• Transaction
Processing System• Enterprise Resource
Planning System
Key Terms
• Management Information System
• Decision SupportSystem
• Artificial Intelligence• Expert system
• Knowledge base• Virtual reality
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TPS
MIS
DSS
ES
Information Systems
Information Systems assist us in1. Collecting and storing pertinent
information about our business or organization.
2. Analyzing that information in order to judge the state of our business or organization.
3. Making difficult decisions regarding our business or organization.
4. Automating the knowledge and skills of experts.
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The Formal Information Systems
TPS: Transaction Processing System MIS: Management Information System DSS: Decision Support System
GDSS: Group ESS: Executive
ES: Expert System An artificial intelligence (AI) discipline.
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Business Information Systems
E-commerce Any business transaction executed
electronically between two parties: B2B B2C C2C
M-commerce Transactions conducted anywhere,
anytime.
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Transaction Processing Systems
Transaction Any business related exchange.
Transaction processing system A CBIS used to record completed business
transactions. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System
A set of integrated programs capable of managing a company’s vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization.
–Well suited for for basic business tasks such as customer billing
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Management Information System
A CBIS used to provide routine information to managers and decision makers.
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Decision Support Systems
CBIS used to support problem-specific decision making.
Well suited to complex problems.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI), Expert Systems (ES) & Virtual Reality Artificial Intelligence (AI)
A field that involves computer systems taking on the characteristics of human intelligence
Expert Systems (ES) Gives the computer the ability to make
suggestions and act like an expert in a particular field.
The collection of data, rules, procedures, and relationships that must be followed to achieve value or the proper outcome is contained in the expert system’s knowledge base.
Virtual Reality The simulation of a real or imagined
environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions.
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Systems Development
The activity of creating or modifying existing business systems.
Investigation
Analysis
Design
Implementation
Review
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Organizations and Information Systems
Chapter 1.5
• Organization• Value chain• Culture• Organizational culture• Organizational change• Technology diffusion
Key Terms• Technology infusion• Technology Acceptance
Model (TAM)
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Organizations
Organizations Formal collections of
people and various resources established to accomplish a set of goals
Organizations are like a community with a mission
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Organizational Culture & Change
Culture A set of major understandings and
assumptions shared by a group. Organizational Culture
The major understandings and assumptions for a business, a corporation, or an organization.
Organizational Change The responses that are necessary for for-profit
and nonprofit organizations to plan for, implement, and handle change.
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Organizations as Value Adding Systems
OutputsProductsServicesDataInformation
InputsMoneyMaterialsPeopleMachinesDataInformationDecisions
Value Transformation
Value-added processesIncrease the relative worth of the combined inputs on their way to becoming final outputs of an organization
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Role of Information Systems in the Value-Added Process
Traditional View Information systems are used to control
and monitor value-added processes. Contemporary View
Information systems are intertwined with the processes themselves, and are considered a part of them.
Information systems themselves add value.
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Technology Diffusion, Infusion, & Acceptance
Technology Diffusion A measure of how widely technology is
spread throughout an organization Technology Infusion
The extent to which technology is deeply integrated into an area or department.
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) A description of the factors that can lead
to higher acceptance and use of technology in an organization.
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Competitive Advantage
Chapter 1.6
• Competitive advantage• Five-forces model• Strategic alliance
Key Terms
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Competitive Advantage Competitive Advantage
A significant and (ideally) long-term benefit to a company over its competition.
Obtained by Improving, Creating, or Altering the Industry
Five-Forces Model Rivalry among Existing Competitors Threat of New Entrants Threat of Substitute Products Bargaining Power of Customers Bargaining Power of Suppliers
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Strategic Alliance (strategic partnership) An agreement between two or more
companies that involves the joint production and distribution of goods and services.
Competitive Advantage cont.
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Performance-Based Information Systems
Chapter 1.7
• productivity• Return On Investment (ROI)• Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)
Key Terms
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Performance-Based Information Systems Productivity
A measure of the output achieved divided by the input required.
Output Achieved
Input RequiredProductivity =
Quality The ability of a product to meet or exceed
customer expectations
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Return on Investments (ROI) and the Value of IS
Return on Investment (ROI) A measure of IS value that investigates the
additional profits or benefits that are generated as a percentage of the investment in information systems technology.
Total Cost of Ownership (TCO Model) The total cost of owning computer equipment,
including desktop computers, networks, and large computers.
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Careers in Information Systems
Chapter 1.8
• Information center• Information service unit• Certification• Chief Information Officer
Key Terms
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Information Center & Service Unit
Information Center A support function that provides users with
assistance, training, applications development, documentation, equipment selection and setup, standards, technical assistance, and troubleshooting.
Information Service Unit A miniature IS department.
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Chief Information Officer (CIO)
A manager at the vice-president level responsible for IS planning, policy, and standards. The CIO is focused on supporting corporate goals.
http://www.oti.fsu.edu/
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Other IS Roles Database Administrator Systems Programmer Network Specialist LAN Administrator Webmaster Trainer