1 Web Servers / Deployment Alastair Dawes Original by Bhupinder Reehal.
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Transcript of 1 Web Servers / Deployment Alastair Dawes Original by Bhupinder Reehal.
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What is a web server? Computer with a software package
Manages and shares web based applications
Files retrieved via a web browser Using HTTP protocol
Accessed via IP address/Domain name
Types of Servers Local Service Providers
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Issues with Web Servers
Local Server Security Maintenance
Service Providers User Support Limited support of technology Sensitive information exposed
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Local Servers Testing purposes
Time consuming to upload to external server
Windows IIS
Download and Install web server software Apache Web Server Abyss Web Server X1
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Apache Web Server
“. . .63% of the web sites on the Internet are using Apache, thus making it more widely
used than all other web servers combined" Apache.org
Install server before any other technologies PHP MySQL
Configure themselves for the server
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Using Apache Web Server Software
Database and PHP hosted on Server
PHP executed on Server
Install Web Server Software MySQL Database PHP
Front end for MySQL database (optional) MySQL Control Centre MySQL Administrator
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Using Internet Information Server (IIS) Installed on Windows 2000 server by
default
Use Add/Remove to install components
Use Inetpub root directory to store files
To access files http://servername/filename
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Web Server Requirements
Server must support Database Server Side Scripting Language
Unable to communicate without support
If using a Service Provider Where will the database be stored?
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Database with a Service Provider Most provide a GUI
Create database and tables online
Update database via service provider website
Import and export your database
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How secure is your web server? Public websites are hacked on a daily basis
Hackers may be seeking to: Embarrass an organisation Placement of illegitimate material
Can your files be easily accessed?
How will you protect your server? Firewall Security
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Firewall Security Protect using
Software Firewalls Hardware Routers Wireless Routers
Protects against unauthorised access and viruses
Windows XP in-built firewall
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Software Firewalls Good for single computers
Pro’s No requirement for additional software No requirement for additional computer
wiring
Cons Speed – uses system resources
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Hardware Routers
Provide protection for multiple computers
If they have a hardware firewall
At least 4 network ports
Requires wiring
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Wireless Routers Allows wireless
connection
Excellent for laptops, PDA’s etc
Unauthorised access Encryption
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA
and WPA2) Neighbours People outside home
Not always available with built-in firewall
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Importance of a Firewall
Hackers with malicious intent Delete information Crash machine Steal personal information
Passwords Credit Card Numbers
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Maintenance
Keep software up to date Web Server software Firewall security Virus checkers
Regular virus checks
Regular Back-ups
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How will your web files be accessed? Client/Server Communication
A web browser is a client program that requests services from a web server Hypertext Transport Protocol
(HTTP)
The web server responds to the request
File requests also made using File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
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Web page deployment Web files need to be:
Stored Retrieved Updated
How will files be transferred?
Local Server Transfer to root folder
External Server FTP
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What is FTP?
File Transfer Protocol Transfers files between server and
client Two Basic operations
Downloading Uploading
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How to use FTP Requires username and password
Anonymous – not secure Easily accessible using web browser
Different protocol identifier e.g. HTTP or FTP ftp://username:[email protected]
Command Line Using and ‘Get’ and ‘Put’
FTP Programs Provide a GUI CuteFTP, FileZilla, SmartFTP
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Using Command Line
Open FTP connection
Enter username and password
Use ‘Get’ command to download a file
Use ‘Put’ command to upload a file