1

Wayne DC9435 13.2kV multi-grounded Y

Emergency installation of 2MW Diesel internal to the distribution circuit

operated in parallel to grid uses wireless communication of circuit loading from substation enabling generator to manage circuit loading to a specific level.

2

Richville 2.5 MVA, 41.57/4.8 kV Substation2MW Diesel Islanded to perform maintenance

17.5 miles of radial 41.57kV exposure feeds Richville and Quail Substations Richville Substation(rural substation in Michigan’s Thumb region)36 miles of 4.8kV deltaFeeds 384 customers A peak load of 1.5 MVA

3

Milford - 1 MW Nat Gas

Huron Valley Middle School

4

SEOCWA –Webster DC 371 Leased Water Board 500KW DG

5

New 1.5MW 4.8kV direct connect blended fuel DG

6

Keys to Siting

7

Load Analysis for 2002 Summer

High

Date Time Hours Day Temp (oF)

7/1/2002 3pm - 9pm 6 Monday 95

7/2/2002 1pm - 10pm 9 Tuesday 96

7/3/2002 1pm - 9pm 8 Wednesday 97

7/4/2002 1pm - 7pm 6 Thursday 95

7/29/2002 3pm - 4pm 1 Monday 91

7/31/2002 3pm - 9pm 6 Wednesday 93

8/1/2002 1pm - 10pm 9 Thursday 92

Total Hours 45 Avg Temp 94.1

8

Probable Run Time and Durations 97F4 days29 hrs

Summer 200226 day 90F+

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

6/1

Jun 1 - Sept 1

Gen

erat

or

Ou

tpu

t in

K

W Series1

93F3 days16 hrs

97F4 days29 hrs

1 PM-9 PM 3 PM-9 PM

Hrs 1-10 PM

Hrs 1-10 PM

9

Noise – db verse distance

dB vs. Distance from Generator

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Distance (ft)

dB

2 MW Diesel Generator

1 MW Natural GasGenerator

53

Our practice is to talk to neighbors within 300 ft

10

The Lease“The great enemy of clear language is insincerity. When there

is a gap between one’s real and one’s declared aim, one

turns, as it were instinctively, to long words and exhausted

idioms, like a cuttlefish (octopus) squirting out ink”

George Orwell, “Politics and the English Language”

Keep it Simple

Copies of our beginning 3 page lease available on request

11

Automatic Load Following

12

Automatic Load FollowingAdair Load Data

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Time

kW

Generator Loadd

Trf Load

Total Load

Distribution Circuit Load

Transformer Load

Generator Load

Normal Rating

Emergency Rating

13

Methods of Operation

Radio,Phone

Cell, Fiber

etc

14

Estimating Loads

15

Meter-in-a-Box

Load Current, Communication and AC Power cables

16

Load Monitoring

Recording Ammeter CT

X and Z Phase current brought to meter

Switchgear Position

Sum the returns to get Y Phase

17

Communications (Union Lake)

RTUGen Meter

Radio

PLC

DC Meter

Hard wire

Fiber

SOC/ROC via RDN

18

DG Installations Load AnalysisDay-to-DayPeak 2002 2003 2004 2005 Project DG

Rating Hrs Hrs Hrs Hrs Cost AnnualLocation (Amps) Amps Above Above Above Above $ K Cost $ KAdair DC 322 408 650 182 81 - - 800 71Grosse Ile DC 500 637 45 3 40 234 3,800 64Shores DC 1770 493 553 22 2 41 122 4,000 64Union Lk DC 1688 524 750 265 55 188 410 1,700 61Wayne DC 9435 577 636 27 9 24 - 180 * 17Milford DC8103 590 726 - - 32 58 3,800 15Webster DC371 360 505 - - NA 75 1,200 15

Indicates that loadingreached emergency rating

200226 days of 90+

2003 2 days of 90+

2004 3 days of 90+

2005 20 days of 90+

Premium Power

20

Premium Power Customers Adell Broadcasting Alps Automotive Arctic Cold Storage ASC Global Beaumont Hospital Botsford Hospital Flat Rock Community Center Karmann Manufacturing Lawrence Tech Meadowbrook Insurance Metropolitan Baking SY Systems Trinity Health Care-Warde Labs Washtenaw Co (multiple locations) Wayne State UniversityGrand Total

600 kW

500 kW

750 kW

2,000 kW

300 kW

150 kW

500 kW

1,000 kW

300 kW

800 kW

600 kW

500 kW

600 kW

850 kW

300 kW

9,750 kW

Key Markets

Communications

Education

Food Service

Healthcare

Manufacturing

Municipal

21

ASC IncorporatedDescription: 2000 kW diesel standby generator

with 3000 amp Closed-transition transfer switch

Location: Gibraltar, Michigan

Service: Keeping a Tier-1 auto parts manufacturing facility operating during utility power interruptions

Drivers: Avoided over $400k in line extension capital expenditureLower energy cost by moving to interruptible tariff

Support “just-in-time” delivery system

Status: Inservice September 2004

Customer DG &

Interruptibles

Customer DG & Interruptibles

Questions & Discussion

25

DTE’s Other DER Work

Annual Utility DG Conference (Apr 26-28, 2006) Hydrogen Power Park Next Energy Mobile Microgrid SCE’s E2I RFP Development GridApps – DoE, CTC, & Utilities DoE DER Penetration limits study Army Collaborative Tools – Disaster Recovery Voltage Regulation Study for CEC

EPRI Utility DER Integration Best Practices DoE DER Integration & Intentional Islanding

DoE Aggregation Communication & Control

26

DoE DER Aggregation Communication and Control

EDD

27

Hierarchical Control

Units available from a customer perspective

Level 2: Utility Concerns & Constraints

Level 1: Local Control

Level 3: Economic Dispatch of

Aggregated Units

Units available for economic dispatch

28

DEW Modeling ConstraintsHours DG not available

Total run hours not to exceed e.g. diesel air permit limits

Set points

Real-time measurements

Primarily circuit head measurements with some SCADA internal to circuit

Load

Scale

Historical measurementsCustomer meter info and sales

Control

Power Flow

29

Phase II DERs (Phase I + Phase II)

Type No. Units kW

Nat. Gas 16 4,575

Biogas 1 6,600

Diesel 6 8,350

Hydrogen/Nat. Gas Various 1,036

Load Reduction Substation 600

Micro turbine 3 460

Fuel Cell 2 10

Solar 2 26

Battery 1 200

TOTAL 21,457

30

Summary of DER Benefits Customer

– Manage demand– Standby– Lower rates

Utility - Wires Company

– Customer retention– Manage loading

On peak Shutdowns Emergency

Utility - Generation Company

– Energy– Capacity

31

Conclusion

Win – Win (important that utility derive benefits also) Aggregation and Sale can be done through the utility Do not discourage participation with onerous rules and

penalties DER are also important for sticks and wires (not just

generation capacity and energy) Unity power factor at the point of Common Coupling

(DGs to put out vars for voltage and var support also) Utilities need to experiment with DER

Questions & Discussion

33

Distributed Generation in sellback mode

Distributed Generation parallel non-sellback mode

Standby Generator non-parallel non-sellback mode

Interruptible Load

PCC

Sell Back

PCC

II - NonSell Back

PCC

Standby

Interruptible

34

Case Study

T&D Substation Expansion $4,000K $400K DR 1 DR Capital Cost $ 880K $ 88K O&M $ 15K $ 15KDR1 Total Cost $ 895K $103K DR2 DR Capital Installation $ 150K $ 15K O&M $ 15K $ 15KDR2 Installation Total Cost $ 165K $ 30K

The installation of the DER is a more economic alternative for the initial deferral of the substation, here again because of having already purchased the DER the saving are even greater.