1 Waves and Organisms Prepared for GBW 5 th Grade Dr. Darren McKnight May 2007.
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Transcript of 1 Waves and Organisms Prepared for GBW 5 th Grade Dr. Darren McKnight May 2007.
1
Waves and Organisms
Prepared for GBW 5th Grade
Dr. Darren McKnight
May 2007
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Sound
• Sound is a form of energy produced by vibrating matter– Energy travels in _____________ waves
DirectionOf Wave
What doesthis wavelook like?
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Frequency and Wavelength
• Frequency (or pitch) is inversely proportional to wavelength– Smaller wavelength produces ________ frequency
– Animals detect and use sound• High or low frequencies? ________________
• Why?________________________
• Use to locate things with sound: ________________
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Wave Exercise
• Five girls from Ms. Wetterhahn’s class and five boys from Ms. Beadling’s class.
• Sound travels faster through __________.
• What would sound travel more slowly through, gas or brick? ________________
?
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Man “Mimicking” Animals• Use “echolocation” with low
frequency sound energy for underwater measurements is called ____________________
• Use “echolocation” to use high frequency sound energy for medical purposes is called ____________________
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Music Creates Sound
• Big, long thick strings make low frequencies (pitch)
• Short, skinny strings make high frequencies (pitch)
• Sound is created by the _____________ of the strings.
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Crossword Puzzle
• Five minutes to complete without using your notes – do not turn yet…– Ready… begin!
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Light
• Light is another form of energy but it acts differently than sound waves– Light energy = vibration in matter?
_____________– Is light faster or slower than
sound? ________• Watching fireworks…???
– Light still travels in waves but also act as particles or _________________
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LIGHT: What Is It?• Atoms: basic building block of matter
– What are the parts of an atom? _________________– As atoms absorb energy, electrons jump out to a higher
energy level.• What type of energy do you think an atom might absorb?
________________
– Electrons release light when falling down to the lower energy level.
• Photons are bundles/packets of energy released when the electrons fall.
• When this happens continuously, you get LIGHT!!!!!
© 2000 Microsoft Clip Gallery
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Electromagnetic Waves
• Speed in Vacuum– 300,000 km/sec or 186,000 mi/sec– 670 million mph
• 10 million times faster than a car on the highway)
• Speed in Other Materials– Slower in Air, Water, Glass
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Transverse Waves
• Energy is perpendicular to direction of motion– For sound, energy was in same direction as the
movement of the wave
• Moving photons create electric & magnetic fields at right angles to each other– How many degrees is a right angle? _______
• Is it an acute or an obtuse angle? _____________
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How Light Can Be Affected• Reflection – bouncing of light off of a substance
– Happens all of the time… examples? __________
• Transmission – light passes through a substance– Sunglasses and windows…
• Absorption – light is converted into other form of energy (heat) – What is hotter in the summer: asphalt road or
sidewalk? ________________
• Refraction – Bending of light due to a change in speed– Diving into the pool to get a ball…– Prism: thicker part bends more
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Visible Spectrum• Light that we can see is called the visible
spectrum:– Roy G. Biv
• Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, & Violet.• Largest to Smallest Wavelength (hard to remember)
– F (Roy G Biv)• From smaller to larger frequency – more natural to
learn…
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Types of ObjectsRelated to Light
• Transparent: – Light transmitted totally (no scattering)– Color transmitted is color you see.
• All other colors are absorbed• So is grass really green? ________
• Translucent: – Light is both scattered and transmitted
• Opaque: – Light is either reflected or absorbed (no
transmission) – Color of opaque objects is color it reflects.
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How People See
• Near SightedNear Sighted – Eyeball is too long and image focuses in front of the retina
• Far SightedFar Sighted – Eyeball is too short so image is focused behind the retina.
• What are lenses at the front of the eye that the light passes through?
__T___________________
© 2000 Microsoft Clip Gallery
© 2000 Microsoft Clip Gallery
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Building Up the Animal World
• Earlier, when we learned about light, it was mentioned that atoms were the building blocks of all matter– When we combine several identical atoms together it is
called an _______________________– By combining different elements together you create a
molecule.
• Is water a molecule? ________• What elements are used to make up water? _______________
• For living organisms the smallest building block needs lots of molecules and are called ________.
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How Do Cells Differ?• Plant Cells • Animal Cells
Shape? _______________Nucleus (Y/N )? _________Outer Layer? ___________
Shape? _______________Nucleus (Y/N)? _________Outer Layer? ___________
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Five Kingdoms of Organisms• My Pretty Fungi Plays with Animals
– Monera: one _____ (e.g. bacteria)
– Protista: a few cells (e.g. algae)
– Fungi: plant-like but cannot make own _______ (e.g. mushrooms)
– Plants: make own food but cannot ______
– Animals: can ______ but cannot make own _____
• Can you see a monera easily? _________
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Do You Have A Backbone?
• Animals with backbones are called _______________? (e.g. humans, dogs, fish, lizards, etc.)
• If an animal does not have a backbone then it is called an ________________? (e.g. clams, squids, worms, and insects)
• What are there more of? __________________• Why?_________________________________
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Web JeopardyTeachers Can Do In Class Later…
• http://richmond.k12.va.us/schools/thirteenacres/science5.htm