1 The Covering (1 Cor. 11:2-16). 2 “Then the king’s countenance changed, and his thoughts...

11

The CoveringThe Covering(1 Cor. 11:2-16)(1 Cor. 11:2-16)

22

““Then the king’s Then the king’s countenance changed, and his countenance changed, and his thoughtsthoughts troubled him, so that troubled him, so that the the jointsjoints of his hips were of his hips were loosened and his loosened and his kneesknees knocked against each other.” knocked against each other.” (Dan. 5:6)(Dan. 5:6)

77

Exposition

99

New Topic IndicatorsNew Topic Indicators

““Now concerning the things of which Now concerning the things of which youyou wrote to wrote to meme….” (7:1)….” (7:1)

““Now concerning Now concerning things offered to idolsthings offered to idols….” (8:1)….” (8:1)

““Now Now I PRAISE YOUI PRAISE YOU, brethren….” (11:2), brethren….” (11:2)

““Now in giving Now in giving these instructionsthese instructions I do not praise I do not praise youyou….” (11:17)….” (11:17)

““Now concerning Now concerning spiritual giftsspiritual gifts….” (12:1)….” (12:1)

““Now concerning Now concerning the collectionthe collection for the saints….” for the saints….” (16:1)(16:1)

1010

The Principle Of HeadshipThe Principle Of Headship

GodGod (Jn. 14:28; 1 Cor. 15:27-28) (Jn. 14:28; 1 Cor. 15:27-28) ChristChrist (Phil. 2:9-11) (Phil. 2:9-11)

ManMan (Gen. 3:16) (Gen. 3:16) WomanWoman (1 Tim. 2:11-14) (1 Tim. 2:11-14)

“But I want you to know that the head of every man is Christ, the head of woman is man, and the head of Christ is God.” (11:3)

1111

Submission Submission Inferiority Inferiority

During the Incarnation, Jesus was During the Incarnation, Jesus was submissivesubmissive to the Father (1 Cor. 11:3; Phil. 2:5-8), but to the Father (1 Cor. 11:3; Phil. 2:5-8), but notnot inferiorinferior (Jn. 1:1-2, 14; 5:17-18, 22-23; 10:30; (Jn. 1:1-2, 14; 5:17-18, 22-23; 10:30; Col. 2:9)Col. 2:9)

After the Second Coming, Jesus will again be After the Second Coming, Jesus will again be submissivesubmissive to the Father, but to the Father, but notnot inferiorinferior (1 (1 Cor. 15:24-28)Cor. 15:24-28)

Women are to be Women are to be submissivesubmissive to men (1 Cor. to men (1 Cor. 11:3; 1 Tim. 2:11-13), but they are 11:3; 1 Tim. 2:11-13), but they are notnot inferiorinferior (Gal. 3:28)(Gal. 3:28)

1212

Submission Is For EveryoneSubmission Is For Everyone

CitizensCitizens to to rulersrulers (Rom. 13:1) (Rom. 13:1)

WivesWives to to husbandshusbands (Eph. 5:22-24; (Eph. 5:22-24; Col. 3:18; Col. 3:18; 1 Pet. 3:1-6) 1 Pet. 3:1-6)

ChildrenChildren to to parentsparents (Eph. 6:1-3) (Eph. 6:1-3)

SlavesSlaves to to mastersmasters (Eph. 6:5-6) (Eph. 6:5-6)

ChristiansChristians to to elderselders (Heb. 13:17) (Heb. 13:17)

TheThe youngeryounger to to thethe olderolder (1 Pet. 5:5) (1 Pet. 5:5)

1313

Submission Is For EveryoneSubmission Is For Everyone

ChristiansChristians to to one anotherone another (Eph. 5:21; 1 (Eph. 5:21; 1 Pet. 5:5b)Pet. 5:5b)

ChristiansChristians to to special workersspecial workers (1 Cor. (1 Cor. 16:15-16)16:15-16)

The strongThe strong to to the weakthe weak (Rom. 14:1; (Rom. 14:1; 15:1-3)15:1-3)

WomenWomen to to menmen (1 Cor. 11:3; 1 Tim. 2:11- (1 Cor. 11:3; 1 Tim. 2:11-12)12)

1515

The RegulationsThe Regulations

1 Cor. 11:4:1 Cor. 11:4: Every Every manman praying or praying or prophesying, having prophesying, having hishis head head coveredcovered, , dishonorsdishonors his head. his head.

1 Cor. 11:5:1 Cor. 11:5: But every But every womanwoman who who prays or prophesies with prays or prophesies with herher head head uncovereduncovered dishonorsdishonors her head, for that is her head, for that is one and the same as if her head were one and the same as if her head were shaved. shaved.

Andy MitchellAndy Mitchell 1616

Dishonor & ShameDishonor & Shame

Man Man coveredcovered

Dishonors Dishonors ChristChrist (1 Cor. 11:4) (1 Cor. 11:4)

Woman Woman uncovereduncovered

Dishonors Dishonors ManMan (1 Cor. 11:5)(1 Cor. 11:5)

As Shameful as being As Shameful as being ShornShorn or or ShavedShaved (1 Cor. 11:5-6)(1 Cor. 11:5-6)

1717

““Uncovered” Uncovered” “Shorn” “Shorn” Or “Shaved” Or “Shaved”

1 Cor. 11:5:1 Cor. 11:5: But every woman who prays or But every woman who prays or prophesies with prophesies with herher head head uncovereduncovered dishonors her head, for that is dishonors her head, for that is one and the one and the same as ifsame as if her head were her head were shavedshaved..

1 Cor. 11:6:1 Cor. 11:6: For if a woman is For if a woman is not coverednot covered, , let her let her alsoalso be be shornshorn. But if it is shameful for . But if it is shameful for a woman to be a woman to be shornshorn or or shavedshaved, let her be , let her be covered.covered.

1818

Hair LengthHair Length

ShornShorn [ [keirokeiro] (11:6) = Short Hair [e.g. ] (11:6) = Short Hair [e.g. “Government Issue”]“Government Issue”]

ShavedShaved [ [xuraoxurao] (11:5-6) = No Hair [e.g. ] (11:5-6) = No Hair [e.g. The Kojak Look]The Kojak Look]

Has Long HairHas Long Hair [ [kamaokamao] (11:14-15) = ] (11:14-15) = Long Hair [e.g. The Hair Of Women (Rev. Long Hair [e.g. The Hair Of Women (Rev. 9:8; cf. 1 Tim. 2:9; 1 Pet. 3:3)]9:8; cf. 1 Tim. 2:9; 1 Pet. 3:3)]

1919

The ReasonsThe Reasons

Man should Man should not be coverednot be covered, because he , because he is the is the imageimage and and gloryglory of God (11:7a) of God (11:7a)

Woman is the Woman is the gloryglory of man which implies of man which implies that she should that she should be coveredbe covered (11:7b) (11:7b)

– Woman is Woman is fromfrom man (11:8; cf. Gen. man (11:8; cf. Gen. 2:21-23)2:21-23)

– Woman was created Woman was created forfor man (11:9; man (11:9; cf. Gen. 2:18)cf. Gen. 2:18)

2020

““A Woman Ought To Have…”A Woman Ought To Have…”(Translations of 1 Cor. 11:10)(Translations of 1 Cor. 11:10)

““authorityauthority to have on the head” (MI, BI) to have on the head” (MI, BI)

““authorityauthority over her own head” (ISV) over her own head” (ISV)

““powerpower on her head” (KJV) on her head” (KJV)

““a a tokentoken of of authority upon the head” (YLT) authority upon the head” (YLT)

““a a symbolsymbol of of authority on her head” (NKJV, authority on her head” (NKJV, NASB, ESV, NRSV, NCV)NASB, ESV, NRSV, NCV)

““a a signsign of of authority on her head” (ASV, NIV) authority on her head” (ASV, NIV)

2121

““A Woman Ought To Have…”A Woman Ought To Have…”(Translations of 1 Cor. 11:10)(Translations of 1 Cor. 11:10)

““a a veilveil on her head” (RSV) on her head” (RSV)

““Something to Something to symbolize her subjectionsymbolize her subjection” ” (Goodspeed)(Goodspeed)

““a a symbol of subjectionsymbol of subjection” (Moffatt)” (Moffatt)

““a a symbol of man’s authoritysymbol of man’s authority” (Williams)” (Williams)

Terry, "No Such Custom," 11Terry, "No Such Custom," 11 2222

““Authority On Her Head”Authority On Her Head”(Interpretations of 1 Cor. 11:10)(Interpretations of 1 Cor. 11:10)

A A sign of subjectionsign of subjection to man to man

The The woman’s authoritywoman’s authority to speak to speak

A A magical authoritymagical authority against evil angels against evil angels

An Aramaic An Aramaic colloquialism for “veil”colloquialism for “veil”

2323

““Because Of The Angels”Because Of The Angels”(Translations of 1 Cor. 11:10)(Translations of 1 Cor. 11:10)

““because of the angels” because of the angels” (KJV, ASV, CEV, ESV, (KJV, ASV, CEV, ESV, ISV, NASB, NCV, NIV, NRSV, WNT)ISV, NASB, NCV, NIV, NRSV, WNT)

““On account of the angels” On account of the angels” (GNT)(GNT)

““because the angels are watching” because the angels are watching” (NLT)(NLT)

““because of the messengers” because of the messengers” (YLT)(YLT)

2424

““Because Of The Angels”Because Of The Angels”(Interpretations of 1 Cor. 11:10)(Interpretations of 1 Cor. 11:10)

An allusion to the An allusion to the evil angels who lusted after evil angels who lusted after the “daughters of men”the “daughters of men” (Gen. 6:1-4) (Gen. 6:1-4)

An allusion An allusion to to the angels who sinnedthe angels who sinned when when they did not keep their proper domain (Jude 6; they did not keep their proper domain (Jude 6; 2 Pet. 2:4)2 Pet. 2:4)

An allusion An allusion to to good angelsgood angels who would be who would be offendedoffended at any breach of these instructions at any breach of these instructions

2525

““Because Of The Angels”Because Of The Angels”(Interpretations of 1 Cor. 11:10)(Interpretations of 1 Cor. 11:10)

An allusion to the fact that since An allusion to the fact that since angels submit angels submit to and recognize authorityto and recognize authority, women should as , women should as wellwell

An allusion to the fact that since An allusion to the fact that since the angels the angels reverently veil their faces before Godreverently veil their faces before God (Isa. (Isa. 6:2), women should as well 6:2), women should as well

2727

Mutual DependenceMutual Dependence(1 Cor. 11:11-12)(1 Cor. 11:11-12)

““The woman was The woman was fromfrom the man” the man”

– EveEve, was created from Adam’s rib , was created from Adam’s rib (Gen. 2:21-23)(Gen. 2:21-23)

““Even so the man also is Even so the man also is throughthrough the the woman”woman”

– All menAll men are born into the world are born into the world through women (Gen. 3:20; Job 14:1)through women (Gen. 3:20; Job 14:1)

2828

““Nature”Nature”((PhusisPhusis))

ThayerThayer: “fr. Hom. Od. 10, 303 down; : “fr. Hom. Od. 10, 303 down; naturenature, i.e. a. , i.e. a. the nature of things, the force, laws, order, of naturethe nature of things, the force, laws, order, of nature; as ; as opp. to what is monstrous, abnormal, perverse….opp. to what is monstrous, abnormal, perverse….naturenature, , i.e. i.e. naturalnatural sensesense, , native convictionnative conviction or or knowledgeknowledge, as , as opp. to what is learned by instruction and accomplished opp. to what is learned by instruction and accomplished by training or prescribed by law…(i.e. by training or prescribed by law…(i.e. the native sense of the native sense of proprietypropriety)…1 Cor. xi. 14…. b. )…1 Cor. xi. 14…. b. birth, physical originbirth, physical origin…. c. …. c. a mode of feelinga mode of feeling and acting which by long habit has and acting which by long habit has becomebecome naturenature…Eph. ii. 3…. d. …Eph. ii. 3…. d. the sum of innate the sum of innate properties and powers by which one person differs from properties and powers by which one person differs from othersothers, distinctive native peculiarities, natural , distinctive native peculiarities, natural characteristics….”characteristics….” (#5449, 660-661)(#5449, 660-661)

2929

““Nature”Nature”(1 Cor. 11:14)(1 Cor. 11:14)

That which is That which is innateinnate or or inborninborn (cf. (cf. Rom. 1:26; 2:27; 11:21, 24; Gal. 2:15; Rom. 1:26; 2:27; 11:21, 24; Gal. 2:15; 4:8)4:8)

That which is That which is established by customestablished by custom or or long practicelong practice (cf. Eph. 2:1-3) (cf. Eph. 2:1-3)

3030

Nature Teaches…Nature Teaches…

If a If a manman has has long hairlong hair, it is a , it is a dishonordishonor to himto him (11:14) (11:14)

If a If a womanwoman has has long hairlong hair, it is a , it is a gloryglory to herto her (11:15) (11:15)

3232

““Nature”Nature”

Paul MarshPaul Marsh: “Differing cultures have : “Differing cultures have had differing concepts as to what is had differing concepts as to what is fitting, but as a generalization the fitting, but as a generalization the statement is still true. statement is still true. Most men, Most men, whether eastern or western, wear whether eastern or western, wear their hair short in contrast to their their hair short in contrast to their womenfolkwomenfolk.” .” (“The First Letter To The (“The First Letter To The Corinthians,” Corinthians,” The New Layman’s Bible The New Layman’s Bible CommentaryCommentary, 1444), 1444)

3333

““Nature”Nature”

Mike WillisMike Willis: “The exact manner in which : “The exact manner in which nature has distinguished between man and nature has distinguished between man and woman’s hair is not clear; men can grow long woman’s hair is not clear; men can grow long hair and some men can grow it in abundance. hair and some men can grow it in abundance. Whether by chance or something else, Whether by chance or something else, however, however, women have generally worn their women have generally worn their hair longer than men; cases in which a hair longer than men; cases in which a man’s hair is longer than that of the man’s hair is longer than that of the woman have been the exception and not woman have been the exception and not the rulethe rule. Thus, nature has distinguished . Thus, nature has distinguished between the sexes so far as the hair is between the sexes so far as the hair is concerned, whether that is learned by long concerned, whether that is learned by long established habit or by something innate.”established habit or by something innate.” (“1 (“1 Corinthians,” Corinthians,” Truth CommentariesTruth Commentaries, 307), 307)

3434

Two CoveringsTwo CoveringsA Permanent Covering: Her hair is a covering [peribolaion] (1 Cor. 11:15)

A Temporary Covering: A covering [katakalupto] while praying or prophesying (1 Cor. 11:5-6, 13)

3737

1 Cor. 11:161 Cor. 11:16(Translations)(Translations)

KJV:KJV: “But if any man seem to be “But if any man seem to be contentious, we have no such contentious, we have no such customcustom, , neither the churches of God.”neither the churches of God.” (cf. ASV, NEB, (cf. ASV, NEB, ISV, NLT, GNB, Wuest)ISV, NLT, GNB, Wuest)

NASBNASB: “But if one is inclined to be : “But if one is inclined to be contentious, we have no other contentious, we have no other practicepractice, nor have the churches of , nor have the churches of God.”God.” (cf. RSV, NIV, ESV, Goodspeed, Williams)(cf. RSV, NIV, ESV, Goodspeed, Williams)

Literal

Interpretive

4545

““If Anyone Seems To Be Contentious”If Anyone Seems To Be Contentious”(1 Cor. 11:16)(1 Cor. 11:16)

Frank JamersonFrank Jamerson: “He [Paul] may have : “He [Paul] may have appeared to be contentious (when he was appeared to be contentious (when he was not, cp. 1 Cor. 12:22; Gal. 2:6), because not, cp. 1 Cor. 12:22; Gal. 2:6), because he was binding these things on the he was binding these things on the Corinthian women when he did not bind Corinthian women when he did not bind them in other places.” them in other places.” (“A Brief Study Of The (“A Brief Study Of The Veil,” 8)Veil,” 8)

4646

Is The “Anyone” Paul?Is The “Anyone” Paul?(1 Cor. 11:16)(1 Cor. 11:16)

This man This man “seems to be contentious”“seems to be contentious” because he because he is contentiousis contentious just as the just as the man who man who “seems to be religious”“seems to be religious” (Jas. (Jas. 1:26 KJV) 1:26 KJV) is religiousis religious (cf. Acts 17:18; 1 (cf. Acts 17:18; 1 Cor. 3:18; Heb. 12:11)Cor. 3:18; Heb. 12:11)

The The “any man”“any man” is distinguished from the is distinguished from the “we”“we” [the apostles] and [the apostles] and “the churches “the churches of God”of God”

4747

““We Have No Such Custom”We Have No Such Custom”(1 Cor. 11:16)(1 Cor. 11:16)

While the Corinthians had to respect their While the Corinthians had to respect their local local customcustom, the apostles and other churches , the apostles and other churches elsewhere did not have that elsewhere did not have that particular customparticular custom

If a man was contentious about Paul’s If a man was contentious about Paul’s instructions, he needed to realize that he was instructions, he needed to realize that he was flying in the face of flying in the face of the accepted customthe accepted custom [i.e. [i.e. practice] of the apostles and the churches of practice] of the apostles and the churches of God God

4848

““Literal” Is Not Always BestLiteral” Is Not Always Best

2 Ki. 9:8:2 Ki. 9:8:

– KJV:KJV: “For the whole house of Ahab shall “For the whole house of Ahab shall perish: and I will cut off from Ahab perish: and I will cut off from Ahab him that him that pisseth against the wallpisseth against the wall, and him that is , and him that is shut up and left in Israel:”shut up and left in Israel:”

– NKJVNKJV: “For the whole house of Ahab shall : “For the whole house of Ahab shall perish; and I will cut off from Ahab perish; and I will cut off from Ahab all the all the malesmales in Israel, both bond and free. in Israel, both bond and free.

4949


Phil. 2:1:Phil. 2:1:

– KJVKJV: “ If : “ If there bethere be therefore any therefore any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any bowelsbowels and mercies,and mercies,

– NKJVNKJV: “Therefore if : “Therefore if there isthere is any any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affectionaffection and mercy, and mercy,

5050


Phile. 7:Phile. 7:

– KJVKJV: “For we have great joy and : “For we have great joy and consolation in thy love, because the consolation in thy love, because the bowelsbowels of the saints are refreshed by thee, of the saints are refreshed by thee, brother.”brother.”

– NKJVNKJV: “For we have great joy and : “For we have great joy and consolation in your love, because the consolation in your love, because the heartshearts of the saints have been refreshed of the saints have been refreshed by you, brother.” by you, brother.”

5151

Commentators On 1 Cor. 11:16Commentators On 1 Cor. 11:16

Interpretation #1 [Local Custom]Interpretation #1 [Local Custom]

– ??????

Interpretation #2 [Rejecting Interpretation #2 [Rejecting Precedent]Precedent]

– Barnes, Clarke, Farrar, Henry, JFB, Barnes, Clarke, Farrar, Henry, JFB, Johnson, Lightfoot, Lipscomb, Lowery, Johnson, Lightfoot, Lipscomb, Lowery, Macknight, Marsh, McGuiggan, Morris, Macknight, Marsh, McGuiggan, Morris, Vincent, WBC, Willis, ZerrVincent, WBC, Willis, Zerr

7171

Interpretations

7272

Two Basic PositionsTwo Basic Positions

Universal CommandUniversal Command Local CustomLocal Custom

Long Hair Is CoveringLong Hair Is Covering

Spiritual GiftsSpiritual Gifts

Covering Of Spiritual Covering Of Spiritual HeadHead

Required Not Required

7373

The Proper AttitudeThe Proper Attitude

James Needham:James Needham: “It should not “It should not matter to us matter to us what God wantswhat God wants, and we , and we should be anxious to should be anxious to do whatever He do whatever He requiresrequires.” .” (Emphasis added, “The Woman’s Covering,” (Emphasis added, “The Woman’s Covering,” 14)14)

Gary FisherGary Fisher 7474

Six Important QuestionsSix Important Questions

What?What? (Veil or Hair) (Veil or Hair)

Why?Why? (Custom or Command) (Custom or Command)

Who?Who? (Inspired or Uninspired) (Inspired or Uninspired)

Where?Where? (Assembly or Anywhere) (Assembly or Anywhere)

How?How? (Spoken Prayer or Silent) (Spoken Prayer or Silent)

When?When? (Praying or Prophesying only, While (Praying or Prophesying only, While Worshipping God)Worshipping God)

7575

Interpretation #1Interpretation #1

The Covering Was A The Covering Was A Universal CommandUniversal Command

7676

Arguments For A “Veil”Arguments For A “Veil”

Paul’s instructions concerning Paul’s instructions concerning headshipheadship (11:3) (11:3) are are universaluniversal and not subject to and not subject to customcustom or or cultureculture

Paul’s instructions concerning the Paul’s instructions concerning the head head coveringcovering (11:4-5) grow out his instructions (11:4-5) grow out his instructions concerning concerning headshipheadship (11:3) (11:3)

Paul bases his argument on things that Paul bases his argument on things that transcend transcend cultureculture and and customcustom

7777

Basis For This InstructionBasis For This Instruction

The Nature of ManThe Nature of Man (11:7) (11:7)

– Man is the image and glory of GodMan is the image and glory of God

– Woman is the glory of manWoman is the glory of man

The order and purpose of creationThe order and purpose of creation (11:8- (11:8-9)9)

– Woman was created from man (cf. Gen. 2:21-Woman was created from man (cf. Gen. 2:21-23)23)

– Woman was created for man (cf. Gen. 2:18)Woman was created for man (cf. Gen. 2:18)

The AngelsThe Angels (11:10) (11:10)

These Things Have Nothing To DoWith Culture Or Custom

7878

Angels…Angels…Subject to ChristSubject to Christ (1 Pet. 3:22) (1 Pet. 3:22)

Cannot dieCannot die (Lk. 20:34-36) (Lk. 20:34-36)

Behold the Father’s face Behold the Father’s face (Mt. 18:10)(Mt. 18:10)

Observe the saints Observe the saints (1 Tim. 5:21) (1 Tim. 5:21)

Minister to the saintsMinister to the saints (Heb. 1:14) (Heb. 1:14)

Protect believersProtect believers (Psa. 34:7; 91:9-11) (Psa. 34:7; 91:9-11)

RejoiceRejoice when a sinner repentswhen a sinner repents (Lk. 15:10) (Lk. 15:10)


The Order Of CreationThe Order Of Creation

1 Cor. 11:8-9:1 Cor. 11:8-9: 88For For man is not from womanman is not from woman, , but woman from man. but woman from man. 99Nor Nor was was man created for the man created for the womanwoman, but woman for , but woman for the man.the man.

1 Tim. 2:11-13:1 Tim. 2:11-13: 1111Let a Let a woman learn in silence woman learn in silence with all submission. with all submission. 1212And I And I do not permit a woman to do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority teach or to have authority over a man, but to be in over a man, but to be in silence. silence. 1313For For Adam was Adam was formed first, then Eveformed first, then Eve..

• Same argument in both passages

• If one doesn’t apply, neither does the other

8181

Arguments For A “Veil”Arguments For A “Veil”

Paul’s appeal to the Corinthians’ Paul’s appeal to the Corinthians’ personalpersonal judgmentjudgment and and naturenature are are secondary secondary argumentsarguments designed to designed to corroboratecorroborate what he what he has already taught (11:13-15)has already taught (11:13-15)

Paul’s appeal to Paul’s appeal to apostolic precedentapostolic precedent indicates indicates that this was not just a that this was not just a local customlocal custom at Corinth at Corinth (11:16)(11:16)

There is There is historical evidencehistorical evidence that Christian that Christian women wore a head coveringwomen wore a head covering

DonahueDonahue 8282

Even Nature TeachesEven Nature Teaches

Paul’s Argument: Paul’s Argument: The natural covering The natural covering [the hair] [the hair] illustratesillustrates the propriety of the the propriety of the artificial covering [the veil] artificial covering [the veil]

13 Judge among yourselves. Is it proper for a woman to pray to God with her head uncovered? 14 Does not even nature itself teach you that if a man has long hair, it is a dishonor to him? 15 But if a woman has long hair, it is a glory to her; for her hair is given to her for a covering. (1 Cor. 11:13-15)

DonahueDonahue 8383

No Such CustomNo Such Custom

Book written for Book written for CorinthiansCorinthians and “ and “allall that in that in every place call upon the name of Jesus Christ every place call upon the name of Jesus Christ our Lord….” (1:2)our Lord….” (1:2)

Same things taughtSame things taught in all the churches (4:17; in all the churches (4:17; 7:17; 14:33)7:17; 14:33)

1 Cor. 11:16: But if anyone seems to be contentious, we have no such custom, nor do the churches of God.


Uniform TeachingUniform Teaching

““Speak the same thing” (1 Cor. 1:10)Speak the same thing” (1 Cor. 1:10)

““I teach everywhere in every church” (1 Cor. I teach everywhere in every church” (1 Cor. 4:17)4:17)

““So I ordain in all the churches” (1 Cor. 7:17)So I ordain in all the churches” (1 Cor. 7:17)

““In all churches of the saints” (1 Cor. 14:33)In all churches of the saints” (1 Cor. 14:33)

““As I have given orders to the churches of As I have given orders to the churches of Galatia, so you must do also (1 Cor. 16:1)Galatia, so you must do also (1 Cor. 16:1)

““Walk by the same rule” (Phil. 3:16)Walk by the same rule” (Phil. 3:16)

9696

Catacomb PicturesCatacomb Pictures

Marvin R. Vincent: “The testimonies of Tertullian and Chrysostom show that these injunctions of Paul prevailed in the churches. In the sculptures of the catacombs the women have a close-fitting head-dress, while the men have the hair short.” (Word Studies In The New Testament, 3:248)

9797

Catacomb PictureCatacomb Picture

9898


9999


100100

ObjectionObjection

The Modern “Veil” Is Not Sufficient

101101

Bill CavenderBill Cavender

“The covering was the veil, that which hanged down from the head and covered the head. The modern hat, shawl, scarf, bonnet, doily or mantilla will not do. I have NEVER yet seen a woman in the assembly meet the demands of I Cor. 11:2-16. One cannot substitute a hat, net, ribbon, scarf, etc., for the veil, the covering of I Cor. 11:2-16. One might as well substitute sprinkling for immersion, cornbread for unleavened bread or Coca-Cola for the fruit of the vine in the Lord’s Supper, or buttermilk for water in baptism, as to substitute a hat for the veil of I Cor. 11:2-16.” (“The Woman And Her Covering,” 5-6)

102102

Bill CavenderBill Cavender

“Paul could have used ‘pilos’ if a hat or cap were sufficient as a covering, but he did not. He used ‘kata’ and ‘kalupto,’ clearly distinguishing that covering which must hang down from the head. The covering was specific – the veil. …. No scholar would permit a hat, cap, shawl, mantilla, turban, etc., as a substitute for the kalumma demanded.” (“The Woman And Her Covering,” 29)

103103

Type Of Covering Not SpecifiedType Of Covering Not Specified

This argument is a This argument is a “red herring.”“red herring.”

– At best it shows that head covering advocates At best it shows that head covering advocates dodo notnot obeyobey the requirements of this passage; the requirements of this passage; it does not show that the requirements of this it does not show that the requirements of this passage passage need not beneed not be obeyedobeyed

The passage does The passage does notnot specify a particular specify a particular “covering”“covering” (i.e. size, shape, composition, (i.e. size, shape, composition, color, etc.)color, etc.)

104104

The Ancient HeaddressThe Ancient Headdress

Jim McGuiggan: “Veils came in all shapes and sizes. There were those which were suspended so as to cover the face. Some were on the head and flowed backward down over the shoulders. Some completely hid the woman’s head and shoulders. Some hid the whole woman from head to foot. Many were like shawls which were placed on the head and wrapped around the shoulders (like the tallith worn by Jewish men). There were veils designed for different times of the day and for different occasions. The one thing on which all the authorities unite is this: Veils were ‘an essential article of female attire.’” (“The Book of 1

Corinthians,” Looking Into The Bible Series, 143)

105105

The Ancient HeaddressThe Ancient Headdress

Marvin R. Vincent: “The head-dress of Greek women consisted of nets, hair-bags, or kerchiefs, sometimes covering the whole head. A shawl which enveloped the body was also often thrown over the head, especially at marriages or funerals. This costume the Corinthian women had disused in the Christian assemblies….” (Word Studies in the New Testament, 3:247)

106106

Type Of Covering Not SpecifiedType Of Covering Not Specified

The The meaningmeaning of a word is determined by of a word is determined by usageusage, not , not etymologyetymology

Paul specifies that a woman cover her Paul specifies that a woman cover her “head,”“head,” not her face not her face

107107

Meaning: Usage, Not EtymologyMeaning: Usage, Not Etymology

D. A. CarsonD. A. Carson: “One of the most enduring : “One of the most enduring of errors, the root fallacy presupposes that of errors, the root fallacy presupposes that every word actually every word actually has has a meaning bound a meaning bound up with its shape or its components. In this up with its shape or its components. In this view, meaning is determined by etymology; view, meaning is determined by etymology; that is, by the root or roots of a word.” that is, by the root or roots of a word.” ((Exegetical FallaciesExegetical Fallacies, 26) , 26)

108108

Etymology & MeaningEtymology & Meaning

The English word The English word “nice”“nice” comes from the comes from the Latin word Latin word nesciusnescius, which means , which means “ignorant”“ignorant”

Our Our “Good-by”“Good-by” is a contraction for the is a contraction for the Anglo-Saxon Anglo-Saxon “God be with you”“God be with you” (D. A. Carson, (D. A. Carson, Exegetical FallaciesExegetical Fallacies, 26-27), 26-27)

109109

The Root FallacyThe Root Fallacy

““Butterfly”Butterfly” [butter + fly] = ??? [butter + fly] = ???

““Pineapple”Pineapple” [pine + apple] = ??? [pine + apple] = ???

MonogenesMonogenes [ [monosmonos, only + , only + gennaogennao, to beget] = , to beget] = “only begotten” (cf. Heb. 11:17)“only begotten” (cf. Heb. 11:17)

KatakaluptosKatakaluptos [ [katakata, down + , down + kaluptokalupto, to cover] = , to cover] = “to cover down” (11:6-7) “to cover down” (11:6-7)

PerebolaionPerebolaion [ [peri,peri, around + around + ballo, ballo, throw or throw or cast] = “to throw around” (11:15)cast] = “to throw around” (11:15)

110110

KatakaluptoKatakalupto In The LXX In The LXX

Num. 22:5: Num. 22:5: PeoplePeople covercover the face of the earth the face of the earth

Ezek. 26:10: Ezek. 26:10: DustDust will will covercover you you

Ezek. 38:9: Like a Ezek. 38:9: Like a cloudcloud to to covercover the land the land

Ezek. 38:16: Like a Ezek. 38:16: Like a cloudcloud to to covercover the land the land

Jer. 51:42 [28:42, LXX]: Babylon is Jer. 51:42 [28:42, LXX]: Babylon is coveredcovered with the multitude of with the multitude of waveswaves

Does Katakalupto Mean “Hang Down”?

111111

Etymological DefinitionsEtymological Definitions

If If katakaluptokatakalupto means: means:

– KataKata, down + , down + kaluptokalupto, cover = , cover = “to cover “to cover down”down”

Does Does peribolaionperibolaion mean: mean:

– PeriPeri, around + , around + balloballo, to throw = , to throw = “to throw “to throw around”around”

Must a woman Must a woman wrap her hairwrap her hairaround her headaround her head??????

112112

The Face The Face The Head The Head

Lev. 13:45: Lev. 13:45: HeadHead bare – Cover bare – Cover moustachemoustache

Lev. 14:9: Shave off hair of Lev. 14:9: Shave off hair of headhead and and beardbeard and and eyebrowseyebrows

Josh. 7:6: Fell on Josh. 7:6: Fell on faceface – Dust on – Dust on headhead

Ezek. 7:18: Shame on every Ezek. 7:18: Shame on every faceface – Baldness on – Baldness on all all headsheads

Mt. 6:17: Anoint Mt. 6:17: Anoint headhead & wash & wash faceface

Rev. 9:7: Crown on Rev. 9:7: Crown on headsheads – – FacesFaces like men like men

Rev. 10:1: Rainbow on Rev. 10:1: Rainbow on headhead – – FaceFace like sun like sun

113113

Problems For Covering Problems For Covering AdvocatesAdvocates

Restricting [?] the head covering to the Restricting [?] the head covering to the assemblyassembly (as opposed to anywhere (as opposed to anywhere praying or prophesying occurs)praying or prophesying occurs)

Requiring [?] a head covering while Requiring [?] a head covering while engaged in engaged in other activitiesother activities than praying than praying or prophesyingor prophesying

114114

Assembly Or Anywhere???Assembly Or Anywhere???

No clear indicationNo clear indication of a “worship of a “worship assembly” as in other passages (cf. assembly” as in other passages (cf. 11:17-18, 20, 33-34; 14:23, 26, 34-35)11:17-18, 20, 33-34; 14:23, 26, 34-35)

Paul’s Paul’s restrictions on womenrestrictions on women (14:34-35) (14:34-35) would preclude women prophesying in the would preclude women prophesying in the “worship assembly” “worship assembly”

115115Andy MitchellAndy Mitchell

Limited to the Assembly???Limited to the Assembly???

Women Women prophesiedprophesied (Lk. 2:36; Acts 2:17; 21:9) (Lk. 2:36; Acts 2:17; 21:9)

Women were Women were not to speaknot to speak in the assembly (1 in the assembly (1 Cor. 14:34-35)Cor. 14:34-35)

Therefore, women prophesied Therefore, women prophesied outsideoutside of the of the assemblyassembly

Therefore, the head covering instruction is Therefore, the head covering instruction is not not limited to the assemblylimited to the assembly

117117

““Synecdoche”Synecdoche”

“a figure of speech by which a part is put for the whole (as fifty sail for fifty ships), the whole for a part (as society for high society), the species for the genus (as cutthroat for assassin), the genus for the species (as a creature for a man), or the name of the material for the thing made (as boards for stage)” (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. 10th ed., 1996)

118118

Examples Of SynecdocheExamples Of Synecdoche““Flesh and bloodFlesh and blood” = Human being (Eph. ” = Human being (Eph. 6:12)6:12)

““Break breadBreak bread” = The Lord’s Supper (Acts ” = The Lord’s Supper (Acts 20:7)20:7)

ProphecyProphecy, , tonguestongues, & , & knowledgeknowledge = All = All spiritual gifts (1 Cor. 13:8-10)spiritual gifts (1 Cor. 13:8-10)

““House of House of prayerprayer” = House of worship (Mt. ” = House of worship (Mt. 21:13)21:13)

““PrayerPrayer” = Worship (Acts 16:13) ” = Worship (Acts 16:13)

119119


The Covering Was AThe Covering Was A Local Custom Local Custom

120120

The “Custom” ArgumentThe “Custom” Argument

James ShearJames Shear: “The church specifically : “The church specifically (Corinth) did have to abide by this custom (Corinth) did have to abide by this custom but but the churches generally had ‘no such the churches generally had ‘no such customcustom.’” .’” (Emphasis Added, “Is It Law Today Or Was It (Emphasis Added, “Is It Law Today Or Was It Custom Then?” 398)Custom Then?” 398)

121121


Frank JamersonFrank Jamerson: “In a country where : “In a country where women wear a covering as a sign of women wear a covering as a sign of subjection, or walk behind their husbands to subjection, or walk behind their husbands to show respect, women should respect those show respect, women should respect those customs, but in many countries such customs, but in many countries such customs do not exist. customs do not exist. When ‘we have no When ‘we have no such custom’ we should not bind such such custom’ we should not bind such practicespractices.” .” (“A Brief Study Of The Veil,” 10)(“A Brief Study Of The Veil,” 10)

122122


James NeedhamJames Needham: “Paul was saying to the : “Paul was saying to the Corinthians thatCorinthians that neither ‘weneither ‘we (probably the Apostles (probably the Apostles JPN)JPN) nor the churches of God’ have any ‘such nor the churches of God’ have any ‘such custom’ concerning the veil as obtained at Corinthcustom’ concerning the veil as obtained at Corinth. . There is an obvious point of contrast in this verse. It is There is an obvious point of contrast in this verse. It is axiomatic that Corinth had a ‘custom’ that ‘we’ (the axiomatic that Corinth had a ‘custom’ that ‘we’ (the Apostles) and ‘the churches of God’ did not have. …. Apostles) and ‘the churches of God’ did not have. …. What custom is he talking about? The wording in the What custom is he talking about? The wording in the context…demands that it is the woman’s veil at context…demands that it is the woman’s veil at Corinth. Nothing else is consistent with the train of Corinth. Nothing else is consistent with the train of thought in process in the text.”thought in process in the text.” (“The Woman’s Covering,” 24)(“The Woman’s Covering,” 24)

123123

Arguments For AArguments For A “Local Custom” “Local Custom”

““If it is shameful for a woman to be If it is shameful for a woman to be shornshorn or or shavedshaved….” (11:5-6)….” (11:5-6)

““JudgeJudge among yourselves.” (11:13) among yourselves.” (11:13)

““Is it Is it properproper….” (11:13)….” (11:13)

““Does not even Does not even naturenature itself teach you….” itself teach you….” (11:14) (11:14)

““We have no such We have no such customcustom….” (11:16)….” (11:16)

124124


The “covering” had The “covering” had a meaning thena meaning then in in that society that it doesn’t have today in that society that it doesn’t have today in our societyour society

The covering is just like the customs of The covering is just like the customs of foot-washingfoot-washing and the and the holy kissholy kiss

God has always required subjection, but God has always required subjection, but He He hasn’t always required a coveringhasn’t always required a covering

125125

Covering For OT MenCovering For OT Men

MosesMoses prophesied with a veil covering his prophesied with a veil covering his face (2 Cor. 3:13; cf. Ex. 34:33-35)face (2 Cor. 3:13; cf. Ex. 34:33-35)

PriestsPriests wore turban while ministering wore turban while ministering before Jehovah (Ex. 28:2-4; 39:27-29; before Jehovah (Ex. 28:2-4; 39:27-29; Lev. 16:4)Lev. 16:4)

DavidDavid prayed with head covered while prayed with head covered while fleeing Jerusalem (2 Sam. 15:30-31)fleeing Jerusalem (2 Sam. 15:30-31)

126126

No Covering For OT No Covering For OT ProphetessesProphetesses

MiriamMiriam (Ex. 15:20-21) (Ex. 15:20-21)

DeborahDeborah (Jud. 4:4-5) (Jud. 4:4-5)

HuldahHuldah (2 Ki. 22:14-20; 2 Chr. 34:20-28) (2 Ki. 22:14-20; 2 Chr. 34:20-28)

AnnaAnna (Lk. 2:36-38) (Lk. 2:36-38)

127127


Scholars affirm that Paul’s instructions Scholars affirm that Paul’s instructions concerning the covering concerning the covering reflect the reflect the actual customs of the dayactual customs of the day

The problem at Corinth was that some The problem at Corinth was that some women with spiritual gifts were women with spiritual gifts were not not respecting the customary signs of respecting the customary signs of subjectionsubjection and were and were removing them removing them while praying and prophesyingwhile praying and prophesying

128128Andy MitchellAndy Mitchell

““Judge” (Judge” (KrinoKrino))(1 Cor. 11:13)(1 Cor. 11:13)

What is rightWhat is right (Lk. 12:57) (Lk. 12:57)

Righteous judgmentRighteous judgment (Jn. 7:24) (Jn. 7:24)

Whether it be right in the sight of GodWhether it be right in the sight of God (Acts 4:19)(Acts 4:19)

Them that are withinThem that are within (1 Cor. 5:12) (1 Cor. 5:12)

What I sayWhat I say (1 Cor. 10:15) (1 Cor. 10:15)

Among yourselvesAmong yourselves (1 Cor. 11:13) (1 Cor. 11:13)

129129

““Proper” (Proper” (PrepoPrepo))(1 Cor. 11:13)(1 Cor. 11:13)

It was It was fittingfitting for Jesus to be baptized to fulfill all for Jesus to be baptized to fulfill all righteousness (Mt. 3:15)righteousness (Mt. 3:15)

Fornication, uncleanness, and covetousness Fornication, uncleanness, and covetousness are not are not fittingfitting for saints (Eph. 5:3) for saints (Eph. 5:3)

Women are to adorn themselves in that which is Women are to adorn themselves in that which is properproper for women professing godliness (1 Tim. for women professing godliness (1 Tim. 2:9-10)2:9-10)

130130

““Proper” (Proper” (PrepoPrepo))(1 Cor. 11:13)(1 Cor. 11:13)

Titus was instructed to speak the things that Titus was instructed to speak the things that were were properproper to sound doctrine (Tit. 2:1) to sound doctrine (Tit. 2:1)

It was It was fittingfitting for God to make Christ perfect for God to make Christ perfect through sufferings (Heb. 2:10)through sufferings (Heb. 2:10)

Jesus is a High Priest that is Jesus is a High Priest that is fittingfitting for us for us (Heb. 7:26)(Heb. 7:26)

Is it Is it properproper for a woman to pray to God with for a woman to pray to God with her head uncovered? (1 Cor. 11:13)her head uncovered? (1 Cor. 11:13)

131131

Meaning Then But Not Now???Meaning Then But Not Now???

ThenThen NowNow

Unleavened BreadUnleavened BreadFruit of VineFruit of Vine

Lord’s Lord’s SupperSupper

HamburgersHamburgersCokeCoke

One ManOne ManOne WomanOne WomanOne LifetimeOne Lifetime

One ExceptionOne Exception

MarriageMarriage ““As Long As We As Long As We Both Shall Love”Both Shall Love”

QuietnessQuietnessSubjectionSubjection WomenWomen PreachersPreachers

EldersElders

132132

KissingKissing was a was a form of greetingform of greeting practiced for practiced for thousands of years before NT times (Gen. thousands of years before NT times (Gen. 27:26-27; 33:4; 45:15; Ex. 4:27; 18:7; 2 Sam. 27:26-27; 33:4; 45:15; Ex. 4:27; 18:7; 2 Sam. 14:33; 20:9; Lk. 7:45; 15:20)14:33; 20:9; Lk. 7:45; 15:20)

Foot-washingFoot-washing was an was an act of hospitalityact of hospitality practiced for thousands of years before NT practiced for thousands of years before NT times (Gen. 18:4; 19:2; 24:32; Jud. 19:21; 1 times (Gen. 18:4; 19:2; 24:32; Jud. 19:21; 1 Sam. 25:41; 2 Sam. 11:8; Lk. 7:36-44)Sam. 25:41; 2 Sam. 11:8; Lk. 7:36-44)

Who can show that covering the headwhile praying or prophesying

was a custom before Paul wrote 1 Corinthians?

Aaron (Ex. 28:4, 40, 43)Moses (Ex. 34:32-35)

David (2 Sam. 15:30-31)

Covering Like Holy KissCovering Like Holy Kiss & Foot Washing & Foot Washing

133133

Why No “Covering” In OT?Why No “Covering” In OT?

God’s Will For JewsGod’s Will For Jews Christ’s Will For AllChrist’s Will For All

Unclean meat forbiddenUnclean meat forbidden (Lev. 11:1ff)(Lev. 11:1ff)

All meat cleanAll meat clean (Mk. 7:19; (Mk. 7:19; Rom. 14:14, 20; 1 Tim. 4:3-Rom. 14:14, 20; 1 Tim. 4:3-5)5)

Divorce for uncleannessDivorce for uncleanness (Dt. 24:1-4)(Dt. 24:1-4)

Divorce for fornicationDivorce for fornication (Mt. 19:9)(Mt. 19:9)

CircumcisionCircumcision (Gen. 17:9- (Gen. 17:9-14; Lev. 12:1-3)14; Lev. 12:1-3)

No circumcisionNo circumcision (1 Cor. (1 Cor. 7:19; Gal. 5:6; 6:15)7:19; Gal. 5:6; 6:15)

SabbathSabbath (Ex. 20:8-11) (Ex. 20:8-11) No SabbathNo Sabbath (Col. 2:16-17) (Col. 2:16-17)

154154James G. McCarthyJames G. McCarthy

Custom Or Command???Custom Or Command???

JewsJews RomansRomans GreeksGreeks PaulPaul

MenMen uncovereduncovered coveredcovered uncovereduncovered uncovereduncovered

WomenWomen coveredcovered coveredcovered uncovereduncovered coveredcovered

Paul’s instructions were different from local Paul’s instructions were different from local worship covering customsworship covering customs

155155

Scholars On Both SidesScholars On Both Sides

Frank JamersonFrank Jamerson: “: “Secular history can be Secular history can be quoted on both sides of this issuequoted on both sides of this issue….The problem ….The problem is that is that historians do not always indicate exactly historians do not always indicate exactly what period or place they are discussingwhat period or place they are discussing. Some . Some have indicated that the tallith that Jewish men wear have indicated that the tallith that Jewish men wear ‘came into practice in the fourth century A.D. and not ‘came into practice in the fourth century A.D. and not the first’ (via the first’ (via Commentary on First CorinthiansCommentary on First Corinthians, Mike , Mike Willis, p. 357). Probably, there were Willis, p. 357). Probably, there were different different customs in different placescustoms in different places in the first century, just in the first century, just as there are today.”as there are today.” (“A Brief Study Of The Veil,” 10)(“A Brief Study Of The Veil,” 10)

156156

The Tallith CustomThe Tallith Custom

Mike WillisMike Willis: “J.W. Roberts writes: ‘Lenski : “J.W. Roberts writes: ‘Lenski quotes Maimonides to prove that Jewish men of quotes Maimonides to prove that Jewish men of N.T. times wore the prayer cloth. But Maimonides N.T. times wore the prayer cloth. But Maimonides lived in the 12-13th century (1135-1204). Strack lived in the 12-13th century (1135-1204). Strack and Billerbeck have amassed the evidence to and Billerbeck have amassed the evidence to prove that prove that the tallith customthe tallith custom arose out of the Old arose out of the Old Testament references to mourning and ostracism Testament references to mourning and ostracism and and came into practice in the fourth century came into practice in the fourth century A.D.A.D. and not in the first. and not in the first. The question may be The question may be considered as settledconsidered as settled.”.” (“1 Corinthians,” (“1 Corinthians,” Truth CommentariesTruth Commentaries, ,

291-292)291-292)

157157

“Scholars dispute, and the case is still before the courts.”

Horace [65-8 BC]

158158


(Long) Hair Is The (Long) Hair Is The CoveringCovering

164164

Arguments For (Long) HairArguments For (Long) Hair

The word The word “veil”“veil” [ [kalumakaluma] is not used in this ] is not used in this passage (cf. 2 Cor. 3:13-16)passage (cf. 2 Cor. 3:13-16)

The terms in this passage that allude to a The terms in this passage that allude to a “covering”“covering” do not necessarily demand do not necessarily demand a veila veil

Paul asks about the propriety of praying Paul asks about the propriety of praying “uncovered”“uncovered” (1 Cor. 11:13), then he proceeds (1 Cor. 11:13), then he proceeds to talk about to talk about hairhair, not a veil , not a veil

The The “hair”“hair” is the only covering specified is the only covering specified (11:15)(11:15)

165165

Terms Do Not Demand “Veil”Terms Do Not Demand “Veil”

““Covered”Covered” [ [katakata] (11:4):] (11:4):

– 480x in NT480x in NT

– cf. Mt. 8:32; Mk. 5:13; Lk. 8:33cf. Mt. 8:32; Mk. 5:13; Lk. 8:33

““Uncovered”Uncovered” [ [akatakaluptosakatakaluptos] (11:5, 13):] (11:5, 13):


““Covered”Covered” [ [katakaluptokatakalupto] (11:6-7):] (11:6-7):


– Cf. Cf. KaluptoKalupto (Mt. 8:24; 10:26; Lk. 8:16; 23:30; 2 (Mt. 8:24; 10:26; Lk. 8:16; 23:30; 2 Cor. 4:3; Jas. 5:20; 1 Pet. 4:8)Cor. 4:3; Jas. 5:20; 1 Pet. 4:8)

166166

““Covered” (Covered” (KataKata))(1 Cor. 11:4)(1 Cor. 11:4)

Enhanced Strong’s LexiconEnhanced Strong’s Lexicon: “480 : “480 occurrences; AV translates as occurrences; AV translates as ‘according ‘according to’to’ 107 times, 107 times, ‘after’‘after’ 61 times, 61 times, ‘against’‘against’ 58 58 times, times, ‘in’‘in’ 36 times, 36 times, ‘by’‘by’ 27 times, 27 times, ‘daily‘daily + + 2250’ 15 times, 2250’ 15 times, ‘as’‘as’ 11 times, and 11 times, and translated miscellaneouslytranslated miscellaneously 165 times. 165 times. 11 down from, through out. down from, through out. 22 according to, according to, toward, along.” toward, along.” (#2596, Elec. Ed., n.p.)(#2596, Elec. Ed., n.p.)

167167

Arguments For (Long) HairArguments For (Long) Hair

KatakaluptoKatakalupto and and peribolaionperibolaion may be used may be used interchangeablyinterchangeably (cf. Gen. 38:14-15) (cf. Gen. 38:14-15)

A woman’s hair is given to her A woman’s hair is given to her “for”“for” [ [antianti = = “instead of”“instead of”] a covering (11:15)] a covering (11:15)

Every verse in this passage that refers to Every verse in this passage that refers to a a woman being “covered”woman being “covered” also mentions or also mentions or alludes to alludes to the hairthe hair (11:5, 6, 15) (11:5, 6, 15)

168168

Katakalupto & PeribolaionKatakalupto & Peribolaion

Gen. 38:14-15:Gen. 38:14-15: 1414 So she took off her So she took off her widow’s garments, widow’s garments, covered covered herselfherself with a with a veil and wrapped herself, and sat in an open veil and wrapped herself, and sat in an open place which place which waswas on the way to Timnah; for on the way to Timnah; for she saw that Shelah was grown, and she she saw that Shelah was grown, and she was not given to him as a wife. was not given to him as a wife. 1515 When When Judah saw her, he thought she Judah saw her, he thought she waswas a harlot, a harlot, because she had coveredbecause she had covered her face. her face.

169169

Katakalupto & PeribolaionKatakalupto & Peribolaion

Gen. 38:14-15:Gen. 38:14-15: 1414 And removing the garments And removing the garments of the widowhood from herself, of the widowhood from herself, she put aroundshe put around [[periebaletoperiebaleto] a lightweight covering, and bedecked ] a lightweight covering, and bedecked herselfherself, and sat by the gates of Enaim, which is in , and sat by the gates of Enaim, which is in thethe byway of Timnath. For she knew [3older 2had byway of Timnath. For she knew [3older 2had become 1Shelah], but he become 1Shelah], but he diddid not give her to him as not give her to him as wife. wife. 1515 And [2beholding 3her 1Judah], assumed And [2beholding 3her 1Judah], assumed her to be a harlot. her to be a harlot. For she covered upFor she covered up [[katekalupsato garkatekalupsato gar] her face, and [3not 1he ] her face, and [3not 1he recognized 2her].” recognized 2her].” (Online LXX Interlinear)(Online LXX Interlinear)

170170

““For A Covering”For A Covering”(1 Cor. 11:15)(1 Cor. 11:15)

Berry’s InterlinearBerry’s Interlinear: “But if a woman have long : “But if a woman have long hair, glory to her it is: for the long hair hair, glory to her it is: for the long hair instead instead ofof a covering is given her.” a covering is given her.”

Nestle’sNestle’s: “But a woman if she wears her hair : “But a woman if she wears her hair long it is a glory to her because the long hair long it is a glory to her because the long hair instead ofinstead of a veil has been given her.” a veil has been given her.”

YLTYLT: “and a woman, if she have long hair, a : “and a woman, if she have long hair, a glory it is to her, because the hair glory it is to her, because the hair instead ofinstead of a a covering hath been given to her;”covering hath been given to her;”

172172

Arguments Against (Long) HairArguments Against (Long) Hair

If the hair is the only covering under If the hair is the only covering under consideration in this passage, consideration in this passage, why doesn’t why doesn’t Paul state that clearlyPaul state that clearly??

If long hair is the If long hair is the onlyonly covering, why is it covering, why is it specified for specified for specificspecific activities activities [i.e. praying or [i.e. praying or prophesying] (11:4-5, 13)?prophesying] (11:4-5, 13)?

The context indicates that Paul is talking about The context indicates that Paul is talking about two different coveringstwo different coverings

173173

Covering For An OccasionCovering For An Occasion

HamanHaman coveredcovered his head while his head while mourningmourning (Esth. 6:12) (Esth. 6:12)

WomenWomen are to are to covercover their heads while their heads while praying or prophesyingpraying or prophesying (1 Cor. 11:5, (1 Cor. 11:5, 13)13)

The occasion implies an artificial covering that is “put-on-able” and “take-off-able”

174174

If “Covering” Is (Long) Hair…If “Covering” Is (Long) Hair…

1 Cor. 11:4-5:1 Cor. 11:4-5: 44 Every man Every man praying or praying or prophesyingprophesying, having , having hishis head covered, head covered, dishonors his head. dishonors his head. 55 But every woman who But every woman who prays or prophesiesprays or prophesies with with herher head head uncovered dishonors her head, for that is uncovered dishonors her head, for that is one and the same as if her head were one and the same as if her head were shaved. …. shaved. …. 1313 Judge among yourselves. Is it Judge among yourselves. Is it proper for a woman proper for a woman to pray to Godto pray to God with her with her head uncovered?head uncovered?

The Teaching Is The Same If WeLeave Out “Praying Or Prophesying”

175175DonahueDonahue

Covering For An Occasion Covering For An Occasion (Parallels)(Parallels)

Wear an Wear an artificial artificial coveringcovering while praying while praying or prophesyingor prophesying

Wear a Wear a suit and tiesuit and tie to to church on Sundaychurch on Sunday

Have Have long hairlong hair while while praying or prophesyingpraying or prophesying

Be Be skinnyskinny at church on at church on SundaySunday

176176

Two Different CoveringsTwo Different Coverings

Two Different Two Different TimesTimes– Praying or Prophesying (11:4-5)Praying or Prophesying (11:4-5)– All the Time (11:15)All the Time (11:15)

Two Different Two Different Greek WordsGreek Words– KatakaluptoKatakalupto (11:6, 7) or (11:6, 7) or akatakaluptosakatakaluptos (11:5, 13) (11:5, 13)– PeribolaionPeribolaion (11:15) (11:15)

Two Different Two Different ArgumentsArguments– Creation (11:7-10)Creation (11:7-10)– Nature (11:14)Nature (11:14)

177177

Why The Change???

Different Greek WordsDifferent Greek Words

““Covered”Covered” [ [katakata] (11:4)] (11:4)

““Uncovered”Uncovered” [ [akatakaluptosakatakaluptos] (11:5)] (11:5)

““Covered”Covered” [ [katakaluptokatakalupto] 2x (11:6)] 2x (11:6)

““Cover”Cover” [ [katakaluptokatakalupto] (11:7)] (11:7)

““Covering”Covering” [ [peribolaionperibolaion] (11:13)] (11:13)


Change Of WordsChange Of Words

““Strive”Strive” [ [agonizomaiagonizomai] (Lk. ] (Lk. 13:24)13:24)

““Must not strive”Must not strive” [[machomaimachomai] (2 Tim. 2:24)] (2 Tim. 2:24)

““Burdens”Burdens” [ [barosbaros] (Gal. ] (Gal. 6:2)6:2)

““Burden”Burden” [ [phortionphortion] (Gal. ] (Gal. 6:5)6:5)

““Bond”Bond” [ [deodeo] (1 Cor. ] (1 Cor. 7:39)7:39)

““Bondage”Bondage” [ [douloodouloo] (1 ] (1 Cor. 7:15)Cor. 7:15)

““Covered”Covered” [ [katakaluptoskatakaluptos] ] (1 Cor. 11:6-7)(1 Cor. 11:6-7)

““Covering”Covering” [ [peribolaionperibolaion] ] (1 Cor. 11:15)(1 Cor. 11:15)““Uncovered”Uncovered”

[[akatakaluptosakatakaluptos] (1 Cor. ] (1 Cor. 11:5, 13)11:5, 13)

179179


If the “covering’ refers to hair, then If the “covering’ refers to hair, then Paul’s Paul’s argument becomes nonsensicalargument becomes nonsensical (11:5- (11:5-6)6)

While While antianti (11:15) often means (11:15) often means “instead “instead of,”of,” it doesn’t always mean that it doesn’t always mean that

180180

Is (Long) Hair The Covering?Is (Long) Hair The Covering?

1 Cor. 11:5-6:1 Cor. 11:5-6: 55But every woman who prays But every woman who prays or prophesies with or prophesies with herher head head uncovereduncovered [short [short hair] dishonors her head, for that is hair] dishonors her head, for that is one and one and the same as ifthe same as if her head were her head were shavedshaved [no [no hair]. hair]. 66For if a woman is For if a woman is not coverednot covered [short [short hair], let her hair], let her alsoalso be be shornshorn [short hair]. But if it [short hair]. But if it is shameful for a woman to be shorn [short is shameful for a woman to be shorn [short hair] or shaved [no hair], let her be covered hair] or shaved [no hair], let her be covered [long hair].[long hair].

Paul’s Argument BecomesNonsensical

181181

““Let Her Also Be Shorn”Let Her Also Be Shorn”(1 Cor. 11:6)(1 Cor. 11:6)

David LipscombDavid Lipscomb: “The word : “The word ‘also’‘also’ in in this verse plainly shows that this verse plainly shows that the two the two veilsveils – the natural hair and the veil with – the natural hair and the veil with which the head was covered – are under which the head was covered – are under consideration.” consideration.” ((A Commentary On The New Testament A Commentary On The New Testament EpistlesEpistles, “First Corinthians,” 2:164), “First Corinthians,” 2:164)

182182


Carrol SuttonCarrol Sutton: “If the hair were the : “If the hair were the covering mentioned here, the woman covering mentioned here, the woman would would alreadyalready be shorn, if not covered; be shorn, if not covered; therefore it would be impossible for her therefore it would be impossible for her alsoalso to be shorn, like Paul suggests.” to be shorn, like Paul suggests.” (“A (“A Study Of 1 Corinthians 11:1-16, Study Of 1 Corinthians 11:1-16, The InstructorThe Instructor, March 1989, , March 1989, 26:3:2) 26:3:2)

183183


Dick WardDick Ward: “Can you really believe that Paul : “Can you really believe that Paul would say, ‘if the woman has SHORT HAIR let would say, ‘if the woman has SHORT HAIR let her ALSO be shorn’? There is no REASON nor her ALSO be shorn’? There is no REASON nor PURPOSE for Paul to instruct the woman with PURPOSE for Paul to instruct the woman with SHORT HAIR (uncovered?) to ALSO shave her SHORT HAIR (uncovered?) to ALSO shave her head because by this position, ANY LENGTH of head because by this position, ANY LENGTH of hair other than LONG is shameful – whether it hair other than LONG is shameful – whether it be shaven, shorn, or this SHORT HAIR.” (be shaven, shorn, or this SHORT HAIR.” (A A Study Of 1 Corinthians 11:1-16Study Of 1 Corinthians 11:1-16, 52), 52)

184184

Definitions Of Definitions Of AntiAnti(1 Cor. 11:15)(1 Cor. 11:15)

BAGDBAGD: “orig. mng. : “orig. mng. locallocal, , oppositeopposite.. Figurative Figurative 1.1. in order to indicate that one person or thing in order to indicate that one person or thing is, or is to be, replaced by another is, or is to be, replaced by another instead of instead of in place ofin place of…. …. 2.2. in order to indicate that one in order to indicate that one thing is equiv. to another thing is equiv. to another for, as, in place for, as, in place ofof…. …. hair as a coveringhair as a covering 1 Cor 11:15….” 1 Cor 11:15….” (73)(73)

A.T. Robertson:A.T. Robertson: “ “It is not in the place of a It is not in the place of a veil, but veil, but answering toanswering to ( (antianti, in the sense of , in the sense of antianti in John 1:16), as a permanent in John 1:16), as a permanent endowment….” endowment….” (WPNT, 4:162)(WPNT, 4:162)

185185

Definitions Of Definitions Of AntiAnti(1 Cor. 11:15)(1 Cor. 11:15)

G.G. Findley:G.G. Findley: “And this ‘glory’ is “And this ‘glory’ is grounded upon her humility: ‘because grounded upon her humility: ‘because her hair her hair to serve as a hoodto serve as a hood…has been …has been given her’ – not as a substitute for head-given her’ – not as a substitute for head-dress (this would be to stultify Paul’s dress (this would be to stultify Paul’s contention), but contention), but in the nature ofin the nature of a a covering, thus covering, thus to matchto match the veil….” the veil….” ((Expositor’s Greek New TestamentExpositor’s Greek New Testament, 2:876), 2:876)

186186

Definitions Of Definitions Of AntiAnti (1 Cor. 11:15)(1 Cor. 11:15)

Friedrich BuchselFriedrich Buchsel: : In its basic meaning In its basic meaning of of “over against”“over against” it does not occur in the it does not occur in the NT, but is mostly used in the sense of a. NT, but is mostly used in the sense of a. “in place of,”“in place of,” …. In this respect it makes …. In this respect it makes little difference whether the word denotes little difference whether the word denotes an an actual replacementactual replacement, an , an intended intended replacementreplacement, or a , or a mere equivalentmere equivalent in in estimation (Hb. 12:16…), or similarity (1 estimation (Hb. 12:16…), or similarity (1 C. 11:15…).”C. 11:15…).” (TDNT, 1:372)(TDNT, 1:372)

187187

What Does What Does AntiAnti Mean? Mean?

• Mt. 5:38:Mt. 5:38: “You have heard that it was said, “You have heard that it was said, ‘An ‘An eye eye forfor an eye and a tooth an eye and a tooth forfor a tooth.’ a tooth.’

• Mt. 17:27:Mt. 17:27: Nevertheless, lest we offend them, Nevertheless, lest we offend them, go to the sea, cast in a hook, and take the fish go to the sea, cast in a hook, and take the fish that comes up first. And when you have opened that comes up first. And when you have opened its mouth, you will find a piece of money; take its mouth, you will find a piece of money; take that and give it to them that and give it to them forfor Me and you.” Me and you.”

“Instead Of” “For, Answering To”

188188

What Does What Does AntiAnti Mean? Mean?• Mt. 20:28:Mt. 20:28: just as the Son of Man did not come just as the Son of Man did not come

to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom ransom forfor many.” many.”

• Jn. 1:16:Jn. 1:16: And of His fullness we have all And of His fullness we have all received, and grace received, and grace forfor grace. grace.

• 1 Cor. 11:15: But if a woman has long hair, it is 1 Cor. 11:15: But if a woman has long hair, it is a glory to her; for a glory to her; for herher hair is given to her hair is given to her forfor a a covering.covering.

“Instead Of” “For, Answering To”

189189


The fact that The fact that katakaluptokatakalupto and and peribolaionperibolaion maymay be be used interchangeably in some contexts does not used interchangeably in some contexts does not prove that they prove that they are used interchangeably in this are used interchangeably in this contextcontext

The original words translated “cover” and “uncover” The original words translated “cover” and “uncover” (1 Cor. 11:5-7, 13) are (1 Cor. 11:5-7, 13) are not used elsewhere to not used elsewhere to refer to the hairrefer to the hair

The original words translated “cover” and “uncover” The original words translated “cover” and “uncover” (1 Cor. 11:5-7, 13) are (1 Cor. 11:5-7, 13) are used elsewhere to refer to used elsewhere to refer to an artificial coveringan artificial covering


Interchangeable WordsInterchangeable Words

YesYes NoNo““Disciples”Disciples” & & “Apostles”“Apostles”

Mt. 26:17-19; Lk. Mt. 26:17-19; Lk. 22:14-1522:14-15 Acts 19:1Acts 19:1

““Speaking”Speaking” & & “Singing”“Singing” Eph. 5:19Eph. 5:19 1 Cor. 14:34-351 Cor. 14:34-35

““Prophesying”Prophesying” & & “Teaching”“Teaching”

1 Cor. 14:1-5,18-1 Cor. 14:1-5,18-19, 22-2419, 22-24 1 Cor. 13:8-101 Cor. 13:8-10

““Soul”Soul” & & “Spirit”“Spirit” Mt. 10:28; Acts Mt. 10:28; Acts 7:59; 1 Cor. 5:57:59; 1 Cor. 5:5

1 Th. 5:23; 1 Th. 5:23; Heb. 4:12Heb. 4:12

Katakalupto & Katakalupto & PeribolaionPeribolaion Gen. 38:14-15Gen. 38:14-15 1 Cor. 11:6-7, 151 Cor. 11:6-7, 15

191191

ApokaluptoApokalupto Refers To Hair Refers To Hair(Numbers 5:18)(Numbers 5:18)

KJV:KJV: “And the priest shall set the woman before “And the priest shall set the woman before the LORD, and the LORD, and uncoveruncover [ [apokaluptoapokalupto (LXX)] the (LXX)] the woman’s head, and put the offering of memorial woman’s head, and put the offering of memorial in her hands….” [YLT, NKJV]in her hands….” [YLT, NKJV]

NASB:NASB: “‘The priest shall then have the woman “‘The priest shall then have the woman stand before the Lord and let the hair of the stand before the Lord and let the hair of the woman’s head woman’s head go loosego loose, and place the grain , and place the grain offering of memorial in her hands….” [ASV, NIV, offering of memorial in her hands….” [ASV, NIV, ESV, NRSV]ESV, NRSV]


ApokaluptoApokalupto Refers To Hair Refers To Hair(Numbers 5:18)(Numbers 5:18)

BDGB:BDGB: “unbind head (by “unbind head (by removing turbanremoving turban, , sign of mourning)….” sign of mourning)….” (#6544)(#6544)

Keil & Delitzsch:Keil & Delitzsch: “The loosening of the hair of “The loosening of the hair of the head (see Lev. xiii. 45), in other cases a the head (see Lev. xiii. 45), in other cases a sign of mourning, is to be regarded here as a sign of mourning, is to be regarded here as a removal or loosening of the femaleremoval or loosening of the female head-head-dressdress, and a symbol of the loss of the proper , and a symbol of the loss of the proper ornament of female morality and conjugal ornament of female morality and conjugal fidelity.”fidelity.”

193193

ApokaluptoApokalupto Refers To Hair Refers To Hair(Isa. 47:2)(Isa. 47:2)

KJV:KJV: “Take the millstones, and grind meal: “Take the millstones, and grind meal: uncoveruncover [ [apokalupto apokalupto (LXX)] (LXX)] thy locksthy locks [[katakalummakatakalumma], make bare the leg, uncover the ], make bare the leg, uncover the thigh, pass over the rivers.”thigh, pass over the rivers.”

NKJV:NKJV: “Take the millstones and grind meal. “Take the millstones and grind meal. RemoveRemove [ [apokaluptoapokalupto] ] your veilyour veil [ [katakalummakatakalumma], ], Take off the skirt, Uncover the thigh, Pass Take off the skirt, Uncover the thigh, Pass through the rivers.” [cf. YLT, ASV, NASB, NIV, through the rivers.” [cf. YLT, ASV, NASB, NIV, ESV, NRSV]ESV, NRSV]

194194Bruce Terry, "No Such Custom," p. 7Bruce Terry, "No Such Custom," p. 7

““Cover” Used Of “Veil”Cover” Used Of “Veil”

The word The word “cover”“cover” [ [katakaluptokatakalupto] (11:6-7) is used ] (11:6-7) is used of an artificial covering (Gen. 38:15, LXX; cf. of an artificial covering (Gen. 38:15, LXX; cf. Esth. 6:12 [3 MSS])Esth. 6:12 [3 MSS])

The word The word “uncovered”“uncovered” [ [akatakaluptosakatakaluptos] (11:5, ] (11:5, 13) is used of uncovering the head (Lev. 13:45 13) is used of uncovering the head (Lev. 13:45 [1 MSS])[1 MSS])

– KatakalupsisKatakalupsis ( (The Shepherd of HermasThe Shepherd of Hermas 4:2:1) 4:2:1)

– KatakalummaKatakalumma (Isa. 47:2) (Isa. 47:2)

195195


The early The early “Church Fathers”“Church Fathers” believed that believed that Paul is referring to some kind of an Paul is referring to some kind of an artificial artificial coveringcovering or or veilveil in this context in this context

Many Many scholarsscholars believe that Paul is referring believe that Paul is referring to some kind of an to some kind of an artificial coveringartificial covering or or veilveil in this contextin this context

196196

Church Fathers & The VeilChurch Fathers & The Veil

Irenaeus [120-202]: “Again, the coming of the Saviour with His attendants to Achamoth is declared in like manner by him in the same Epistle, when he says, ‘A woman ought to have a veil upon her head, because of the angels.’”99 (Against Heresies, I:8:2)

99 1 Cor. xi. 10. Irenaeus here reads kalumma, veil, instead of exousian, power, as in the received text. [An interesting fact, as it betokens an old gloss, which may have slipped into the text of some ancient mss.]

197197


Tertullian [150-225]: “Behold two diverse names, Man and woman- ‘every one’ in each case: two laws, mutually distinctive; on the one hand (a law) of veiling, on the other (a law) of baring.” (On The Veiling Of Virgins, Ch. VIII)

198198


Clement Of Alexandria [153-217]: “Woman and man are to go to church decently attired, with natural step, embracing silence, possessing unfeigned love, pure in body, pure in heart, fit to pray to God. Let the woman observe this, further. Let her be entirely covered, unless she happen to be at home. For that style of dress is grave, and protects from being gazed at. And she will never fall, who puts before her eyes modesty, and her shawl; nor will she invite another to fall into sin by uncovering her face. For this is the wish of the Word, since it is becoming for her to pray veiled.” (The Instructor, 3:11)

199199


Hippolytus [170-236]: “5All the women should cover their heads with a pallium, and not simply with a piece of linen, which is not a proper veil.” (Apostolic Tradition, 18:5)

200200

““Covered”Covered”((katakata))

BAGDBAGD: “I. with the gen. (so 73 times in NT)) : “I. with the gen. (so 73 times in NT)) -- -- 1.1. of place -- of place -- a.a. down fromdown from someth.someth. (Hom. (Hom.+; LXX)….+; LXX)….k. kephales echeink. kephales echein havehave someth.someth. on one’s headon one’s head (lit. hanging down fr. the (lit. hanging down fr. the head, head, as a veilas a veil….) 1 Cor 11:4.”….) 1 Cor 11:4.” (405)(405)

Robertson:Robertson: “Literally, having “Literally, having a veila veil ((kalummakalumma understood) down from the understood) down from the head….”head….” ((Word Pictures in the New TestamentWord Pictures in the New Testament, 4:159), 4:159)

201201


ThayerThayer: “a preposition denoting motion : “a preposition denoting motion or diffusion or direction from the higher to or diffusion or direction from the higher to the lower; as in class. Grk., joined with the the lower; as in class. Grk., joined with the gen. And the acc. I. With the gen. And the acc. I. With the GENITIVE…. 1. prop. a. GENITIVE…. 1. prop. a. down from, down from, downdown….hence ….hence kata kephaleskata kephales ( (a veil a veil hanging down from his headhanging down from his head) ) echonechon, 1 , 1 Co. xi. 4 ([A.V. Co. xi. 4 ([A.V. having his head coveredhaving his head covered]]….”….” (#2596, 326-329)(#2596, 326-329)

202202


Marvin R. VincentMarvin R. Vincent: “Lit., : “Lit., having having something hanging down from his headsomething hanging down from his head. . Referring to the Referring to the tallithtallith, a four-cornered , a four-cornered shawl having fringes consisting of eight shawl having fringes consisting of eight threads, each knotted five times, and threads, each knotted five times, and worn over the head in prayer. It was worn over the head in prayer. It was placed upon the worshipper’s head at placed upon the worshipper’s head at his entrance into the synagogue.” his entrance into the synagogue.” ((Word Word Studies In The New TestamentStudies In The New Testament, 3:246), 3:246)

203203

““Uncovered”Uncovered”((akatakaluptosakatakaluptos))

BAGDBAGD: “: “uncovereduncovered……with unc. headwith unc. head (of (of praying women….) 1 Cor 11:5, In short praying women….) 1 Cor 11:5, In short gunaika a.gunaika a. a woman without head-coveringa woman without head-covering vs. 13.” vs. 13.” (29)(29)

ThayerThayer: “: “not covered, not covered, unveiledunveiled: 1 Co. xi. 5, : 1 Co. xi. 5, 13.” 13.” (#177, 21)(#177, 21)

VineVine: “uncovered (: “uncovered (aa, negative, negative, katakalupto, katakalupto, to , to cover), is used in 1 Cor. 11:5, 13, R.V., cover), is used in 1 Cor. 11:5, 13, R.V., ‘unveiled,’ with reference to the injunction ‘unveiled,’ with reference to the injunction forbidding women to be forbidding women to be unveiledunveiled in a church in a church gathering.” gathering.” (#177, 1187-1188)(#177, 1187-1188)

204204

““Covered”Covered”((katakaluptokatakalupto))

BAGDBAGD: “…: “…cover, cover, veilveil.. 1.1. act. (Is 6:2) and pass. act. (Is 6:2) and pass. (Sus 32 Theod.) of a young woman…(Sus 32 Theod.) of a young woman…coveredcovered or or veiled to the foreheadveiled to the forehead Hv 4, 2, 1. But here Hv 4, 2, 1. But here the form could also be the form could also be 2.2. mid. mid. cover oneselfcover oneself w. w. a veila veil, abs. (s. Jos., Ant. 7, 254)1 Cor 11:6a, , abs. (s. Jos., Ant. 7, 254)1 Cor 11:6a, b….” b….” (411)(411)

ThayerThayer: “fr. Hom. Down; : “fr. Hom. Down; to cover upto cover up [see [see katakata, , III.3]; Mid. Pres. III.3]; Mid. Pres. katakaluptomaikatakaluptomai, , to veilto veil or or cover one’s selfcover one’s self: 1 Cor. xi. 6; : 1 Cor. xi. 6; ten kephalenten kephalen, , one’s head, ib. 7.” one’s head, ib. 7.” (#2619, 331)(#2619, 331)

205205

““Covered”Covered”((katakaluptokatakalupto))

Robertson:Robertson: “ “Let her be veiledLet her be veiled ( (kata-kata-kaluptesthokaluptestho). Present middle imperative of ). Present middle imperative of old compound old compound kata-kaluptokata-kalupto, here alone in , here alone in N.T. Let her cover up herself with N.T. Let her cover up herself with the veilthe veil (down, (down, katakata, the Greek says, the veil , the Greek says, the veil hanging down from the head). …. hanging down from the head). …. The veilThe veil on the woman’s head is the symbol of the on the woman’s head is the symbol of the authority that the man with the uncovered authority that the man with the uncovered head has over her.”head has over her.” ((Word Pictures in the New TestamentWord Pictures in the New Testament, , 4:160-161)4:160-161)

206206

An Artificial CoveringAn Artificial Covering

Kenneth Wuest:Kenneth Wuest: “ “44Every man while praying or Every man while praying or prophesying [giving out the word of God in the public prophesying [giving out the word of God in the public assembly, which word he received by divine revelation] assembly, which word he received by divine revelation] having having a shawla shawl hanging down over his head [a Jewish and hanging down over his head [a Jewish and Roman custom] dishonors his head. Roman custom] dishonors his head. 55But every woman But every woman while praying or prophesying with her head uncovered while praying or prophesying with her head uncovered dishonors her head, for this would be one and the same dishonors her head, for this would be one and the same thing as if she had her head shaved. thing as if she had her head shaved. 66For, assuming that a For, assuming that a woman is uncovered, let her also cut her hair close. But woman is uncovered, let her also cut her hair close. But since it is dishonorable for a woman to be shaven or have since it is dishonorable for a woman to be shaven or have her hair cropped close, let her put her hair cropped close, let her put a shawla shawl down over her down over her head.” head.” ((The New Testament : An Expanded TranslationThe New Testament : An Expanded Translation))

207207


Goodspeed:Goodspeed: “ “55And any woman who And any woman who offers prayer or explains the will of God offers prayer or explains the will of God bareheadedbareheaded disgraces her head…. disgraces her head…. 1313Judge Judge for yourselves. Is it proper for a woman to for yourselves. Is it proper for a woman to offer prayer to God with offer prayer to God with nothing on her nothing on her headhead?”?”



Amplified: Amplified: “bareheaded”“bareheaded” (11:5) (11:5)

2020thth Century: Century: “bare-headed”“bare-headed” (11:5) (11:5)

Williams: Williams: “bareheaded”“bareheaded” (11:5); (11:5); “nothing on “nothing on her head”her head” (11:13) (11:13)

Tyndale: Tyndale: “bare-headed”“bare-headed” (11:5, 13) (11:5, 13)

Coverdale: Coverdale: “bare-headed”“bare-headed” (11:13) (11:13)

Cranmer: Cranmer: “bare-headed”“bare-headed” (11:5, 13) (11:5, 13)

Geneva: Geneva: “bare-headed”“bare-headed” (11:5, 13) (11:5, 13)

209209


The Covering Was For The Covering Was For Those With Spiritual GiftsThose With Spiritual Gifts

210210

The Spiritual Gifts ArgumentThe Spiritual Gifts Argument

The covering restrictions were given to The covering restrictions were given to those with those with miraculous spiritual giftsmiraculous spiritual gifts

Miraculous spiritual gifts are Miraculous spiritual gifts are no longer no longer availableavailable to Christians today to Christians today

Therefore, the covering restrictions are Therefore, the covering restrictions are no longer applicableno longer applicable today today

212212

Prophecy = Inspired TeachingProphecy = Inspired Teaching

Lk. 1:67:Lk. 1:67: 6767 Now his father Zacharias was Now his father Zacharias was filled filled with the Holy Spiritwith the Holy Spirit, and , and prophesiedprophesied, saying: , saying:

Acts 19:6:Acts 19:6: 66 And when Paul had laid hands on And when Paul had laid hands on them, them, the Holy Spirit came upon themthe Holy Spirit came upon them, and they , and they spoke with tongues and spoke with tongues and prophesiedprophesied..

1 Pet. 1:20-21:1 Pet. 1:20-21: 20 20 knowing this first, that no knowing this first, that no prophecy of Scripture is of any private prophecy of Scripture is of any private interpretation, interpretation, 2121 for for prophecyprophecy never came by the never came by the will of man, but holy men of God spoke will of man, but holy men of God spoke as they as they werewere moved by the Holy Spiritmoved by the Holy Spirit..

214214

Miraculous Spiritual GiftsMiraculous Spiritual Gifts(1 Cor. 12:8-10)(1 Cor. 12:8-10)

Word of WisdomWord of Wisdom

Word of KnowledgeWord of Knowledge

FaithFaith

Gifts of HealingGifts of Healing

Working of MiraclesWorking of Miracles

ProphecyProphecy

Discerning of SpiritsDiscerning of Spirits

Kinds of TonguesKinds of Tongues

Interpretation of Interpretation of TonguesTongues

216216

Prayer Could Be InspiredPrayer Could Be Inspired(1 Cor. 14:13-17)(1 Cor. 14:13-17)

1313Therefore let him who Therefore let him who speaks in a tonguespeaks in a tongue pray pray that he may that he may interpretinterpret. . 1414For if I For if I pray in a tonguepray in a tongue, my , my spirit prays, but my understanding is unfruitful. spirit prays, but my understanding is unfruitful. 1515What is What is the conclusionthe conclusion then? I will then? I will pray with the pray with the spiritspirit, and I will also , and I will also pray with the understandingpray with the understanding. . I will sing with the spirit, and I will also sing with the I will sing with the spirit, and I will also sing with the understanding. understanding. 1616Otherwise, if you Otherwise, if you bless with the bless with the spiritspirit, how will he who occupies the place of the , how will he who occupies the place of the uninformed say “Amen” at your giving of thanks, uninformed say “Amen” at your giving of thanks, since he does not understand what you say? since he does not understand what you say? 1717For For you indeed give thanks well, but the other is not you indeed give thanks well, but the other is not edified.edified.

217217

Praying & ProphesyingPraying & Prophesying

Prophesying was always Prophesying was always inspired teachinginspired teaching

Praying and prophesying are Praying and prophesying are linked togetherlinked together

Since prophesying involved Since prophesying involved “public speaking,”“public speaking,” that is that is presumptive evidencepresumptive evidence that praying that praying involved involved “public speaking”“public speaking”

Praying can refer to Praying can refer to “leading prayer”“leading prayer” (cf. Neh. (cf. Neh. 11:17; 1 Cor. 14:14-16)11:17; 1 Cor. 14:14-16)

218218

Praying & ProphesyingPraying & Prophesying

It was It was inspiredinspired prophesying and praying that prophesying and praying that would have would have caused a problemcaused a problem with woman’s with woman’s subjection and the sign of itsubjection and the sign of it

219219

Prophesying & PrayingProphesying & Praying

Bill Cavender: “Since the ‘praying’ of I Cor. 11:4-5 is joined to the ‘prophesying’ and prophesying is ALWAYS inspired teaching, and since both the praying and prophesying are adjectives (participles) modifying the same man and the same woman, there is here strong presumptive evidence that the praying is inspired praying and not ordinary prayers of uninspired people.” (“The Woman And Her Covering,” 17)

220220

Prophesying & PrayingProphesying & Praying

Frank Jamerson: “The question is: which kind of prayer would have caused a problem with woman’s subjection and the sign of it? (Listening to a man lead a prayer would not have produced a question about subjection. Praying ‘with the Spirit’ would.)” (“A Brief Study Of The Veil,” 3)

221221

Spiritual Gifts To CeaseSpiritual Gifts To Cease(1 Cor. 13:8-10)(1 Cor. 13:8-10)

8Love never fails. But whether there are prophecies, they will fail; whether there are tongues, they will cease; whether there is knowledge, it will vanish away. 9For we know in part and we prophesy in part. 10But when that which is perfect has come, then that which is in part will be done away.

222222

Spiritual Gifts To CeaseSpiritual Gifts To Cease(1 Cor. 13:11-13)(1 Cor. 13:11-13)

11When I was a child, I spoke as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child; but when I became a man, I put away childish things. 12For now we see in a mirror, dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part, but then I shall know just as I also am known. 13And now abide faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love.

223223

Impartation Of Spiritual GiftsImpartation Of Spiritual Gifts

Holy Spirit Baptism

Laying On OfApostolic Hands

224224

Impartation Through HS BaptismImpartation Through HS Baptism

Only Only two casestwo cases of HS baptism of HS baptism

– The apostles (Acts 2:1-4)The apostles (Acts 2:1-4)

– Cornelius and his household (Acts Cornelius and his household (Acts 10:44-48; 11:15-17; 15:7-9)10:44-48; 11:15-17; 15:7-9)

Only Only “one baptism”“one baptism” when Paul wrote when Paul wrote Ephesians [AD 61-63] (Eph. 4:5; cf. 5:26)Ephesians [AD 61-63] (Eph. 4:5; cf. 5:26)

Therefore, the impartation of spiritual gifts Therefore, the impartation of spiritual gifts through HS baptism is impossible todaythrough HS baptism is impossible today

225225

Impartation Through The Laying Impartation Through The Laying On Of Apostolic HandsOn Of Apostolic Hands

Only Only the apostlesthe apostles could impart could impart spiritual gifts through the laying on of spiritual gifts through the laying on of hands (Acts 8:14-19; 19:6)hands (Acts 8:14-19; 19:6)

When When the last apostle diedthe last apostle died, spiritual , spiritual gifts could no longer be gifts could no longer be impartedimparted through the laying on of handsthrough the laying on of hands

When When the last person with spiritual the last person with spiritual gifts diedgifts died, spiritual gifts , spiritual gifts ceased to existceased to exist

226226

Arguments Against Spiritual Arguments Against Spiritual Gifts PositionGifts Position

Can we be sure that “prophesying” Can we be sure that “prophesying” alwaysalways referred to inspired speechreferred to inspired speech??

Principles for those with spiritual gifts Principles for those with spiritual gifts still applystill apply

If Paul is discussing spiritual gifts, why does he If Paul is discussing spiritual gifts, why does he later later introduce that subjectintroduce that subject (1 Cor. 12:1) (1 Cor. 12:1)

If “prophesying” is inspired, that doesn’t prove If “prophesying” is inspired, that doesn’t prove that that “praying” is inspired“praying” is inspired

– ““Praying” OR “Prophesying”Praying” OR “Prophesying”

227227

Uninspired ProphetsUninspired Prophets

AbrahamAbraham (Gen. 20:7) (Gen. 20:7)

AaronAaron (Ex. 4:14-16 & 7:1-2) (Ex. 4:14-16 & 7:1-2)

Prophets of Baal & AsherahProphets of Baal & Asherah (1 Ki. 18:19) (1 Ki. 18:19)

False ProphetsFalse Prophets (cf. Isa. 30:9-10; Mt. 7:15; 2 (cf. Isa. 30:9-10; Mt. 7:15; 2 Pet. 2:1)Pet. 2:1)

EpimenidesEpimenides (Tit. 1:12) (Tit. 1:12)

228228

Prophet Not Necessarily InspiredProphet Not Necessarily Inspired

R.C.H. LenskiR.C.H. Lenski: “‘Prophesy’ is used to designate : “‘Prophesy’ is used to designate the gift or office of a prophet. In Romans 12:16 it is the gift or office of a prophet. In Romans 12:16 it is mentioned together with two other gifts. This term is mentioned together with two other gifts. This term is used in a double sense: broadly to indicate used in a double sense: broadly to indicate any and any and all ability to communicate the saving will of God all ability to communicate the saving will of God to othersto others so that so that every true teacher and preacher every true teacher and preacher may be called a prophetmay be called a prophet; and more narrowly to ; and more narrowly to designate the receiving and the communicating of designate the receiving and the communicating of direct and special messages from God.”direct and special messages from God.” (Emphasis (Emphasis Added, Comment on 1 Cor. 12:10, via Hiram Hutto, “The Woman’s Added, Comment on 1 Cor. 12:10, via Hiram Hutto, “The Woman’s Covering,” 43)Covering,” 43)

229229

Prophet Not Necessarily InspiredProphet Not Necessarily Inspired

Robertson and PlummerRobertson and Plummer: “: “The The ‘prophesying’ means public teaching‘prophesying’ means public teaching, , admonishing, or comforting; delivering God’s admonishing, or comforting; delivering God’s message to the congregation (I Cor. 13:9, message to the congregation (I Cor. 13:9, 14:1,3,24,31,39).” 14:1,3,24,31,39).” (Emphasis Added, (Emphasis Added, International Critical International Critical Commentary Commentary on I Cor. 11, via Hiram Hutto, “The Woman’s Covering,” on I Cor. 11, via Hiram Hutto, “The Woman’s Covering,” 43)43)

230230

False ProphecyFalse Prophecy

Jer. 5:31Jer. 5:31

Jer. 14:14Jer. 14:14

Jer. 23:21, 25-26, 30-Jer. 23:21, 25-26, 30-3232

Jer. 29:8-9Jer. 29:8-9

Mic. 2:11Mic. 2:11

Ezek. 13:3, 6-7Ezek. 13:3, 6-7

Ezek. 22:28Ezek. 22:28

An erroneous claim to be speaking by the inspiration of God

231231

Some Called “Prophets” Are Some Called “Prophets” Are Not True Prophets Of GodNot True Prophets Of God

““Prophet(s)”Prophet(s)” can refer to can refer to false prophet(s)false prophet(s), just , just as as “god(s)”“god(s)” can refer to can refer to false god(s)false god(s) [i.e. idols] [i.e. idols] (1 Cor. 8:4-6) (1 Cor. 8:4-6)

The false prophets did not really “proclaim a The false prophets did not really “proclaim a divine revelation” but they divine revelation” but they claimed to speak claimed to speak for Godfor God (Jer. 23:21-22, 25-26, 31-32) (Jer. 23:21-22, 25-26, 31-32)

232232


Because a word may mean (or refer to) one Because a word may mean (or refer to) one thing in thing in one contextone context does not mean that it does not mean that it means (or refers to) the same thing in means (or refers to) the same thing in another another contextcontext (cf. Jn. 3:8; Mt. 13:33) (cf. Jn. 3:8; Mt. 13:33)

Sometimes Sometimes “prophecy”“prophecy” refers to the activities refers to the activities of of false prophetsfalse prophets who did not speak by the who did not speak by the inspiration of God (Jer. 14:14-15; Ezek. 22:28), inspiration of God (Jer. 14:14-15; Ezek. 22:28), but normally it refers to the proclamations of but normally it refers to the proclamations of inspired meninspired men

233233


What does the word What does the word “prophesying”“prophesying” mean in mean in the context of 1 Cor. 11?the context of 1 Cor. 11?

If If “prophesying”“prophesying” refers to something other refers to something other than “inspired teaching” in this passage, we than “inspired teaching” in this passage, we need need compelling evidencecompelling evidence to prove that to prove that

234234

Principles Still ApplyPrinciples Still Apply

““Let all things be done for edification”Let all things be done for edification” (1 (1 Cor. 14:26)Cor. 14:26)

““God is not the author of confusion but of God is not the author of confusion but of peace”peace” (1 Cor. 14:33) (1 Cor. 14:33)

““Let the women keep silent in the churches”Let the women keep silent in the churches” (1 Cor. 14:34-35) (1 Cor. 14:34-35)

““Let all things be done decently and in Let all things be done decently and in order”order” (1 Cor. 14:40) (1 Cor. 14:40)

235235

Principles Still ApplyPrinciples Still Apply

““Leave your gift there before Leave your gift there before the altarthe altar…” …” (Mt. 5:23-24)(Mt. 5:23-24)

““A A prophetprophet is not without honor except in is not without honor except in his own country….” (Mt. 13:57)his own country….” (Mt. 13:57)

236236

Mike Willis: “This exegesis fails to take into consideration the distributive usage of pas [every], which in this verse refers to each individual in a class. A comparable English construction would be as follows: ‘Every child having chickenpox or having measles....’ No one would consider that both participial phrases in this sentence applied to the same child; rather, we would recognize this distributive usage of ‘every.’ There is no grammatical reason for believing that proseuchomai is limited in meaning to inspired prayer or for believing that the one prophesying is the same person as the one who is praying. One might ask those who take the position of inspired prayer: ‘Could a man with his head covered lead an uninspired prayer in the assemblies of the first century?’” (“1 Corinthians,” Truth Commentaries, 296-297)

237237

Things Not ProvenThings Not Proven

Paul was talking about Paul was talking about “inspired prayer”“inspired prayer”

Paul was talking about Paul was talking about “leading prayer”“leading prayer”

Paul’s instructions Paul’s instructions applyapply onlyonly to to “miraculous prayer”“miraculous prayer”

238238

Inspired Prayer???Inspired Prayer???

In the NT prayer is In the NT prayer is usually uninspiredusually uninspired

Prayer is not one of the Prayer is not one of the nine spiritual giftsnine spiritual gifts (1 (1 Cor. 12:4-10)Cor. 12:4-10)

In 1 Cor. 14:14, In 1 Cor. 14:14, the tongue was the giftthe tongue was the gift, not , not the prayer [???]the prayer [???]

Paul said “praying Paul said “praying oror prophesying” not “praying prophesying” not “praying andand prophesying” prophesying”

Miraculous gifts linked with Miraculous gifts linked with non-miraculous non-miraculous giftsgifts

239239

Gifts In The ChurchGifts In The ChurchRom. 12:3-8Rom. 12:3-8 1 Cor. 12:4-111 Cor. 12:4-11 1 Cor. 12:281 Cor. 12:28 Eph. 4:11Eph. 4:11

ProphecyProphecy WisdomWisdom ApostlesApostles ApostlesApostles

MinistryMinistry KnowledgeKnowledge ProphetsProphets ProphetsProphets

TeachingTeaching FaithFaith TeachersTeachers EvangelistsEvangelists

ExhortingExhorting HealingHealing MiraclesMiracles Pastors & Pastors & TeachersTeachers

GivingGiving MiraclesMiracles HealingsHealings

RulingRuling ProphecyProphecy HelpsHelps

MercyMercy Discerning SpiritsDiscerning Spirits GovernmentsGovernments

TonguesTongues TonguesTongues

InterpretationInterpretation

240240


The Covering Is Of One’s The Covering Is Of One’s Spiritual HeadSpiritual Head

241241

Covering The Spiritual HeadCovering The Spiritual Head

1 Cor. 11:3-5:1 Cor. 11:3-5: 33 But I want you to know that But I want you to know that the the spiritualspiritual headhead of every man is Christ, the of every man is Christ, the spiritualspiritual headhead of woman of woman isis man, and the man, and the spiritualspiritual headhead of Christ of Christ isis God. God. 44 Every man Every man praying or prophesying, having praying or prophesying, having his his spiritualspiritual headhead covered, dishonors his covered, dishonors his spiritualspiritual headhead. . 55 But every woman who prays or prophesies with But every woman who prays or prophesies with her her spiritualspiritual headhead uncovered dishonors her uncovered dishonors her spiritualspiritual headhead….…. (Italicized words added)(Italicized words added)

242242

Covering The Spiritual HeadCovering The Spiritual Head

1 Cor. 11:4:1 Cor. 11:4: “Every man praying or “Every man praying or prophesying having his [spiritual] head [Christ] prophesying having his [spiritual] head [Christ] covered [i.e. veiled, hidden, obscured, ignored, covered [i.e. veiled, hidden, obscured, ignored, disregarded, etc. (cf. 2 Cor. 4:3-4)] dishonors his disregarded, etc. (cf. 2 Cor. 4:3-4)] dishonors his [spiritual] head [Christ].”[spiritual] head [Christ].”

1 Cor. 11:5:1 Cor. 11:5: “But every woman who prays or “But every woman who prays or prophesies with her [spiritual] head [man] prophesies with her [spiritual] head [man] uncovered [i.e. unveiled, in view, regarded, etc.] uncovered [i.e. unveiled, in view, regarded, etc.] dishonors her [spiritual] head [man]….”dishonors her [spiritual] head [man]….”

243243

In Other Words….In Other Words….

Man must pray and prophesy with full Man must pray and prophesy with full awareness that awareness that Jesus is his Head and Jesus is his Head and MediatorMediator

Woman must pray and prophesy with full Woman must pray and prophesy with full awareness that while man is her head, he is awareness that while man is her head, he is not her Mediator. She must pray and not her Mediator. She must pray and prophesy prophesy without man in viewwithout man in view. She must . She must not allow man to come between her and Godnot allow man to come between her and God

244244

Arguments Against Spiritual Arguments Against Spiritual Head PositionHead Position

On its face, this interpretation seems On its face, this interpretation seems “strained”“strained”

This is not the way this passage has been This is not the way this passage has been interpreted historicallyinterpreted historically

It is not impossible for the It is not impossible for the same termsame term to mean to mean different thingsdifferent things in the in the same contextsame context

245245

Same Term – Different MeaningSame Term – Different Meaning

Jn. 3:8:Jn. 3:8: The The windwind [ [pneumapneuma] blows where it ] blows where it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but cannot wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but cannot tell where it comes from and where it goes. So tell where it comes from and where it goes. So is everyone who is born of the is everyone who is born of the SpiritSpirit [ [pneumapneuma].”].”

Rom. 8:9:Rom. 8:9: “But you are not in the flesh but in “But you are not in the flesh but in the the SpiritSpirit [human spirit (?)], if indeed the [human spirit (?)], if indeed the Spirit Spirit of Godof God [Holy Spirit] dwells in you. Now if [Holy Spirit] dwells in you. Now if anyone does not have the anyone does not have the Spirit of ChristSpirit of Christ, , [attitude], he is not His.”[attitude], he is not His.”

246246

What Does “Spirit” Mean?What Does “Spirit” Mean?(Romans 8)(Romans 8)

The The Holy SpiritHoly Spirit (8:11, 14, 16) (8:11, 14, 16)

The The human spirithuman spirit (8:4 [?], 5 [?], 6 [?], 9 (8:4 [?], 5 [?], 6 [?], 9 [?], 10, 13 [?], 16)[?], 10, 13 [?], 16)

An An attitudeattitude or or dispositiondisposition (8:9 [?], 15) (8:9 [?], 15)

247247

Arguments Against Spiritual Arguments Against Spiritual Head PositionHead Position

While Paul refers to the “spiritual head,” he also While Paul refers to the “spiritual head,” he also refers to the refers to the “physical head”“physical head”

When a When a woman’s headwoman’s head is covered, is covered, the womanthe woman herself is covered herself is covered

248248

Same Term – Different MeaningSame Term – Different Meaning

1 Cor. 11:3-5:1 Cor. 11:3-5: 33 But I want you to know that the But I want you to know that the headhead of every man is Christ, the of every man is Christ, the headhead of woman of woman isis man, and the man, and the headhead of Christ of Christ isis God. God. 44 Every man Every man praying or prophesying, having praying or prophesying, having hishis headhead covered, covered, dishonors his dishonors his headhead. . 55 But every woman who prays But every woman who prays or prophesies with or prophesies with herher headhead uncovered dishonors uncovered dishonors her her headhead, for that is one and the same as if her , for that is one and the same as if her headhead were shaved. were shaved.

Spiritual SpiritualSpiritual

Spiritual

Spiritual

PHYSICAL

Physical

Physical

249249

Head: Spiritual Or Physical???Head: Spiritual Or Physical???

1 Cor. 11:4: 1 Cor. 11:4: Every man praying Every man praying or prophesying, or prophesying, having hishaving his head head covered, dis-covered, dis-honors his honors his headhead..

1 Cor. 11:7:1 Cor. 11:7: For a For a man indeed ought man indeed ought not to cover not to cover hishis headhead, since he is , since he is the image and the image and glory of God; but glory of God; but woman is the glory woman is the glory of man.of man.

250250


1 Cor. 11:5:1 Cor. 11:5: But But every woman who every woman who prays or prophesies prays or prophesies with with her her head head uncovered uncovered dishonors her dishonors her headhead, for that is , for that is one and the same one and the same as if her as if her headhead were were shaved.shaved.

1 Cor. 11:6: 1 Cor. 11:6: For if For if a woman is not a woman is not coveredcovered, let her , let her also be shorn. But if also be shorn. But if it is shameful for a it is shameful for a woman to be shorn woman to be shorn or shaved, or shaved, let her let her be coveredbe covered..

251251


1 Cor. 11:5:1 Cor. 11:5: But But every woman who every woman who prays or prophesies prays or prophesies with with her her head head uncovered dis-uncovered dis-honors her honors her headhead, , for that is one and for that is one and the same as if her the same as if her headhead were shaved. were shaved.

1 Cor. 11:13: 1 Cor. 11:13: Judge ye in Judge ye in yourselves: is it yourselves: is it seemly that seemly that a a woman pray unto woman pray unto God unveiledGod unveiled? ? (ASV, KJV, YLT, Berry’s, (ASV, KJV, YLT, Berry’s, Marshall’s)Marshall’s)

252252

Extra SlidesExtra Slides

253253

Shame Or HonorShame Or Honor

Shame Honor

Man praying or prophesying covered (11:4)

Man praying or prophesying with head uncovered (11:7)

Man with long hair (11:14) Man with short hair

Woman praying or prophesying uncovered (11:5)

Woman praying with head covered

Woman shorn or shaved (11:6)

Woman with long hair (11:15)

Bill Cavender, p. 23Bill Cavender, p. 23 254254

The Nature Of ProphecyThe Nature Of Prophecy

Major Premise:Major Premise: Prophets were men who Prophets were men who possessed the gift of prophecy (Acts possessed the gift of prophecy (Acts 2:16-21; 13:1; Eph. 4:8-11)2:16-21; 13:1; Eph. 4:8-11)

Minor Premise:Minor Premise: The gift of prophecy was The gift of prophecy was to edify, exhort and console the church (1 to edify, exhort and console the church (1 Cor. 14:3-5)Cor. 14:3-5)

Conclusion:Conclusion: Therefore prophets edified, Therefore prophets edified, exhorted and consoled the churchexhorted and consoled the church

Bill Cavender, pp. 23-24Bill Cavender, pp. 23-24 255255


Major Premise:Major Premise: Prophetesses were Prophetesses were women who possessed the gift of women who possessed the gift of prophecy (Acts 2:16-21; 21:9; 1 Cor. prophecy (Acts 2:16-21; 21:9; 1 Cor. 11:4-5)11:4-5)

Minor Premise:Minor Premise: The gift of prophecy was The gift of prophecy was to edify, exhort and console the church (1 to edify, exhort and console the church (1 Cor. 14:3-5)Cor. 14:3-5)

Conclusion:Conclusion: Therefore prophetesses Therefore prophetesses edified, exhorted and consoled the churchedified, exhorted and consoled the church



Major Premise:Major Premise: The gift of prophecy was The gift of prophecy was for the purpose of edifying the church (1 for the purpose of edifying the church (1 Cor. 14:3-5, 22)Cor. 14:3-5, 22)

Minor Premise:Minor Premise: Certain men and women, Certain men and women, called prophets and prophetesses, called prophets and prophetesses, possessed the gift of prophecy (Acts possessed the gift of prophecy (Acts 2:16-21; 13:1; 21:9; 1 Cor. 11:4-5)2:16-21; 13:1; 21:9; 1 Cor. 11:4-5)

Conclusion:Conclusion: Therefore prophets and Therefore prophets and prophetesses edified the churchprophetesses edified the church



Major Premise:Major Premise: The church is composed of The church is composed of both men and womenboth men and women

Minor Premise:Minor Premise: Prophets and prophetesses Prophets and prophetesses edified the churchedified the church

Conclusion:Conclusion: Therefore prophets and Therefore prophets and prophetesses edified both men and womenprophetesses edified both men and women

DonahueDonahue 258258

Praying Or Prophesying:Praying Or Prophesying:When, Not WhoWhen, Not Who

““Praying” and “prophesying” are Praying” and “prophesying” are participlesparticiples (i.e. (i.e. verbal adjectives)verbal adjectives)

A participle is in the A participle is in the predicate positionpredicate position when an when an article does not precede itarticle does not precede it

In the predicate position, a participle tells In the predicate position, a participle tells whenwhen the the action of the verb takes placeaction of the verb takes place

No article precedesNo article precedes “praying” or “prophesying,” so “praying” or “prophesying,” so they are in the predicate positionthey are in the predicate position

““Praying” or “prophesying” tell us Praying” or “prophesying” tell us WHENWHEN, not WHO, not WHO

Wayne WellsWayne Wells 259259

The Covering And ProprietyThe Covering And Propriety

The priestesses for Aphrodite wore The priestesses for Aphrodite wore short short hairhair

Some of the Corinthians had been Some of the Corinthians had been immoralimmoral before their conversion (1 Cor. 6:9-11)before their conversion (1 Cor. 6:9-11)

Women are to adorn themselves in what is Women are to adorn themselves in what is proper for women proper for women professing godlinessprofessing godliness (1 (1 Tim. 2:8-10)Tim. 2:8-10)

Thus, the covering was worn to Thus, the covering was worn to distinguish distinguish godly women from wicked womengodly women from wicked women

260260

R.C.H. Lenski: “As far as prostitutes are concerned, all the evidence that has been discovered proves that only a few of the very lowest types had shorn or shaven heads. As a class these women endeavored to make themselves as attractive as possible and did their utmost to beautify their hair. We cannot, therefore, accept the idea that is advanced by not a few of the best commentators that in our passage Paul refers to the practice of the prostitutes and intends to tell the Corinthian women that, if they pray or prophesy with uncovered heads, they act the part of a lewd woman.” (Interpretations of I and II Corinthians, p. 439)

261261

James G. McCarthy: “First, Paul is not talking about women covering their heads in public, but ‘while praying or prophesying.’ He says nothing about their dress while walking the streets of Corinth. “Second, a bare head was not the mark of a woman of ill repute. Bareheaded women were a common sight on the streets of Corinth. Roman and Greek women did not wear veils in public. On the contrary, they were known for their elaborate hairstyles. Married Jewish women did wear veils in public. If a Jewish woman wore no veil, it was assumed she was a virgin, not a prostitute.” (“Biblical Head Covering,” 17)


The Person Or The Occasion?The Person Or The Occasion?

Praying and Praying and prophesying men prophesying men and women?and women?

Being covered Being covered whilewhile praying or praying or prophesying?prophesying?

44 Every man who has Every man who has something on his head something on his head while praying or while praying or prophesyingprophesying disgraces his disgraces his head. head. 55 But every woman who has But every woman who has her head uncovered her head uncovered while while praying or prophesyingpraying or prophesying disgraces her head…. (1 disgraces her head…. (1 Cor. 11:4-5, NASB)Cor. 11:4-5, NASB)

Not because they pray or prophesy, but when


What Does Paul Mean?What Does Paul Mean?

Being covered is Being covered is the same asthe same as having having long hairlong hair

Being uncovered is Being uncovered is different thandifferent than being being shorn or shaved, but shorn or shaved, but just as badjust as bad

1 Cor. 11:6: For if a woman is not covered, let her also be shorn. But if it is shameful for a woman to be shorn or shaved, let her be covered.


Peribolaion Peribolaion = Covering= Covering(1 Cor. 11:15)(1 Cor. 11:15)

Psa. 147:8:Psa. 147:8: “Who “Who coverscovers the heaven with clouds….” the heaven with clouds….”

Psa. 71:13:Psa. 71:13: “…Let them be “…Let them be coveredcovered withwith reproach and dishonor reproach and dishonor Who seek my hurt.”Who seek my hurt.”

Ps 109:29:Ps 109:29: “…And let them “…And let them covercover themselves with their own themselves with their own disgrace as with a mantle.”disgrace as with a mantle.”

Isa. 59:6:Isa. 59:6: “…Nor will they “…Nor will they covercover themselves with their works….” themselves with their works….”

Ezek. 4:2:Ezek. 4:2: “…and “…and heap upheap up a mound against it….” a mound against it….”

Jer. 15:12:Jer. 15:12: “whereas thy strength is a brazen “whereas thy strength is a brazen coveringcovering” (not in ” (not in KJV)KJV)

Job 23:9:Job 23:9: “his (God's) right hand shall “his (God's) right hand shall encompassencompass me, but I shall me, but I shall not see it (Bagster)not see it (Bagster)

Mic. 7:10:Mic. 7:10: “…And shame will “…And shame will covercover her….” her….”


Artificial CoveringArtificial CoveringEst. 6:12: Est. 6:12: Haman Haman coveredcovered [ [katakata] his head while ] his head while mourningmourning

Num. 5:18Num. 5:18: Priest to : Priest to uncoveruncover [apokalupto] the [apokalupto] the woman’s headwoman’s head

Gen. 38:15:Gen. 38:15: Tamar Tamar coveredcovered [katakalupto] her face [katakalupto] her face

Ex. 28:42:Ex. 28:42: Linen breeches to Linen breeches to covercover [kalupto] [kalupto] nakednessnakedness

Num. 4:5:Num. 4:5: Take down the covering veil and Take down the covering veil and covercover the the ark of the Testimonyark of the Testimony

Ruth 3:4, 7:Ruth 3:4, 7: Ruth Ruth uncovereduncovered [apokalupto] Boaz’s feet [apokalupto] Boaz’s feet

268268

Exceptions & RulesExceptions & Rules

No work on the Sabbath (Ex. 20:8-11)No work on the Sabbath (Ex. 20:8-11)

– Priests worked on the Sabbath (Mt. 12:5)Priests worked on the Sabbath (Mt. 12:5)

– Circumcision was performed on the Sabbath Circumcision was performed on the Sabbath (Jn. 7:22-23) (Jn. 7:22-23)

– Livestock was watered on the Sabbath (Lk. Livestock was watered on the Sabbath (Lk. 13:15)13:15)

– Livestock was rescued from a pit on the Livestock was rescued from a pit on the Sabbath (Lk. 14:5)Sabbath (Lk. 14:5)

1 The Covering (1 Cor. 11:2-16). 2 “Then the king’s countenance changed, and his thoughts...

Documents

Transcript of 1 The Covering (1 Cor. 11:2-16). 2 “Then the king’s countenance changed, and his thoughts...