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The Circulatory SystemThe Circulatory System

Presentation given Presentation given by:by:

– Ginger DrainGinger Drain– Nancy DugganNancy Duggan

– Marcus Edwards Marcus Edwards

The The Circulatory SystemCirculatory System is responsible for is responsible for transporting materials throughout the entire transporting materials throughout the entire

body. It transports nutrients, water, and body. It transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to your billions of body cells and carries oxygen to your billions of body cells and carries away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body

cells produce.cells produce.

o The BloodThe Blood

o The VesselsThe Vessels

o The HeartThe Heart

BloodBloodBloodBlood

What gets your blood moving?What gets your blood moving?

Your blood has traveled many a mile.Your blood has traveled many a mile.

Your blood is carrying quite a load.Your blood is carrying quite a load.

How much blood do YOU have?How much blood do YOU have?

What is your blood composed of?What is your blood composed of?

The beat of your heartThe beat of your heartOxygen-poor blood (blue) Oxygen-poor blood (blue) flows from the body into the flows from the body into the right atriumright atriumBlood flows through the right Blood flows through the right atrium into the right ventricleatrium into the right ventricleThe right ventricle pumps the The right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs, where the blood to the lungs, where the blood releases waste gases blood releases waste gases and picks up oxygenand picks up oxygenThe newly oxygen-rich blood The newly oxygen-rich blood (red) returns to the heart and (red) returns to the heart and enters the left atriumenters the left atriumBlood flows through the left Blood flows through the left atrium into the left ventricleatrium into the left ventricleThe left ventricle pumps the The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the bodyof the body

Vessels: well traveledVessels: well traveled

ArteriesArteries

VeinsVeins

How Much do YOU How Much do YOU have ?have ?

Young PeopleYoung People

AdultsAdults

ComponentsComponents

Red Blood CellsRed Blood Cells

White Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells

PlateletsPlatelets

PlasmaPlasma

Red Blood CellsRed Blood Cells

Responsible for Responsible for carrying oxygen carrying oxygen and carbon dioxideand carbon dioxide

Carry oxygen to Carry oxygen to cellscells

Transport carbon Transport carbon dioxide back to dioxide back to lungslungs

How many are in How many are in one drop of blood?one drop of blood?

White Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells

Help the body fight Help the body fight off germsoff germs

Attack and destroy Attack and destroy germs when they germs when they enter the bodyenter the body

How many are in How many are in one drop of blood? one drop of blood?

PlateletsPlatelets

Blood cells that Blood cells that help stop bleedinghelp stop bleedingStickyStickyStick to opening in Stick to opening in vessels and attract vessels and attract other fibers and other fibers and blood cells to help blood cells to help form the plugform the plugAnother name for a Another name for a platelet plug….platelet plug….

PlasmaPlasma

Liquid part of the bloodLiquid part of the blood Half of your bloodHalf of your blood Carries other components throughout Carries other components throughout

the bodythe body Made in liverMade in liver

Tubular CirculationTubular Circulation

A vessel is defined A vessel is defined as a hollow utensil as a hollow utensil for carrying for carrying something: a cup, a something: a cup, a bucket, a tube.bucket, a tube.

Located throughout Located throughout your body, your your body, your blood vessels are blood vessels are hollow tubes that hollow tubes that circulate your blood.circulate your blood.

Types of Blood VesselsTypes of Blood Vessels Arteries – carry blood Arteries – carry blood

away from the heart.away from the heart.

Veins – carry blood Veins – carry blood to the heart.to the heart.

Capillaries – connect Capillaries – connect the arteries to veins.the arteries to veins.

Blood VesselsBlood Vessels

Child = 60,000 Child = 60,000 miles long.miles long.

Adult = 100,000 Adult = 100,000 miles long.miles long.

Health StatisticsHealth Statistics

Besides circulating blood, the blood Besides circulating blood, the blood vessels provide two important means of vessels provide two important means of measuring vital health statistics: pulse measuring vital health statistics: pulse and blood pressure.and blood pressure.

Blood PressureBlood Pressure

When we measure blood pressure, we use When we measure blood pressure, we use the blood flowing through the arteries the blood flowing through the arteries because it has a higher pressure than the because it has a higher pressure than the blood in the veins. blood in the veins.

Blood PressureBlood Pressure

The first number, which is higher, is The first number, which is higher, is taken when the heat beats during taken when the heat beats during the systole phase.the systole phase.

The second number, is taken when The second number, is taken when the heart relaxes during the diastole the heart relaxes during the diastole phase.phase.

Blood PressureBlood Pressure

Systole Phase – Systole Phase – normal blood normal blood pressure range is pressure range is 110-150 millimeters.110-150 millimeters.

Diastole phase – Diastole phase – normal blood normal blood pressure ranges pressure ranges over 60-80 over 60-80 millimeters.millimeters.

The HeartThe HeartStructures and FunctionsStructures and Functions

Basic StructureBasic Structure

Functions

Right-Hand Side of the HeartThe right-hand side of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from the body tissues (from the upper- and lower-body via the Superior Vena Cava and the Inferior Vena Cava, respectively) into the right atrium. This de-oxygenated blood passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. This blood is then pumped under higher pressure from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery

Functions

Left-Hand Side of the HeartThe left-hand side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs (via the pulmonary veins) into the left atrium. This oxygenated blood then passes through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle. It is then pumped to the aorta under greater pressure (as explained below). This higher pressure ensures that the oxygenated blood leaving the heart via the aorta is effectively delivered to other parts of the body via the vascular system of blood vessels (incl. arteries, arterioles, and capillaries).

Cardiac Conduction System Electrical System

LUB-DUB

Interesting Heart FactsWhat causes the sound your heart makes?When someone listens to your heart with a stethoscope the sound is often described as - lub-dub lub-dub. The 1st heart sound (lub) is caused by the acceleration and deceleration of blood and vibration of the heart at the time of the closure of the Tricuspid and Mitral Valves. The 2nd heart sound (dub) is caused by the same acceleration and deceleration of blood and vibrations at the time of closure of the Pulmonic and Aortic Valves.

How many times does you heart beat?The average heartbeat is 72 times per minute. In the course of one day it beats over 100,000 times. In one year the heart beats almost 38 million times, and by the time you are 70 years old, on average, it beats 2.5 billion times!

Does your heart rate change as we age?Everyone's pulse (average heart rate per minute) changes as we age. Here is a chart of average pulse at different ages:

How much blood does your heart pump?An average heart pumps 2.4 ounces (70 milliliters) per heartbeat. An average heartbeat is 72 beats per minute. Therefore an average heart pumps 1.3 gallons (5 Liters) per minute. In other words it pumps 1,900 gallons (7,200 Liters) per day, almost 700,000 gallons (2,628,000 Liters) per year, or 48 million gallons (184,086,000 liters) by the time someone is 70 years old. That's not bad for a 10 ounce pump!

AgePulseNewborn

130

3 months

140

6 months

130

1 year

120

2 years

115

3 years

100

4 years

100

6 years

100

8 years

90

12 years

85

adult

60 - 100