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SYSPLEX

By : Seyed Hamid Alvani

December 2003

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Overview

• System/390 History• Introduction to Sysplex• What is Sysplex ?• Why Sysplex ?• Sysplex Philosophy• Sysplex Software• Sysplex Hardware• Base/Parallel Sysplex

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System/390 History

• 1961 “SPREAD” corporate task force developed architecture for series of computers

• 1964 System/360 - Core memory

- Over 10 models

- Architecture innovations for future upward compatibility

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System/390 History

• 1970 System/370 - Integrated circuit technology

- Extended control mode - Virtual memory - Multi-processing - 17 different models - Two compatible product lines 30XX – large systems

43XX – mid-rang systems

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System/390 History

• 1983 - System/370 XA -Extended architecture - Address field 24 bits 31 bits

- Expanded storage added to 3090

• 1985 – System/370 Model 9370 - CMOS technology

• 1988 – Enterprise System Architecture/370 - Access registers

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System/390 History

• 1990 – ESA/390 – Enterprise System Architecture/390

- ESCON – Enterprise System Connections

- Parallel Sysplex

• 1990 – ES/9000 System/390 - 9221 rack-mounted system

- 9121 air-cooled model

- 9021 water-cooled series

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System/390 History

• 1994 – Extensions to S/390 and ES/9000

- Parallel Sysplex capability on 711-based and

511-based models

- S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server

- Generation 3,4 and 5

- Many models

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zSeries History

• 2001 – zSeries 900

- z/Architecture: 64-bit

- Intelligent Resource Director

- Advanced CMOS Technology

- High density , high bandwidth I/O subsystem

- New Parallel Sysplex Function

- Availability enhancements

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zSeries History

• 2002 – zSeries 800

- Complete z/Architecture (64bit)

- Flexible Model Structure

- 8, 16, 24 or 32 GB memory

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zSeries History

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Introduction to Sysplex

• Parallel Developments Symmetric Multiprocessor(SMP) Servers vs Single processor Servers

• Making Connections Three cluster types: - Fail over or High-availability - Parallel - Single-system image

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Introduction to Sysplex

Parallel Sysplex scalability

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What is Sysplex?

• The Parallel Sysplex technology is a highly advanced commercial processing clustered system.

• It supports high-performance, multisystem, read/write data sharing, enabling the aggregate capacity of multiple z/OS and OS/390 systems to be applied against common workloads.

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What is Sysplex?

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Why Sysplex?

• Reduced cost through: -Cost effective processor technology

- Continued use of large system data processing skills

without re-education

- Protection of OS/390 application investments

- manage a large number of systems more easily than

other comparably performing multisystem environments

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Why Sysplex?

• Platform for continuous availability so that

applications can be available 24 hours a

day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year

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Why Sysplex?

• Ability to do more work

- Greater capacity

- Improved ability to manage response time

- Platform for further capacity and response time advances

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Why Sysplex?

• Greater flexibility

- Ability to mix levels of hardware and software

- Ability to dynamically add systems

- An easy path for incremental growth

- Varied platforms for applications

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Sysplex Philosophy

• Data sharing• Dynamic workload balancing• Incremental growth• Symmetry in a sysplex• Single system image - Different perspectives on single system image - Single point of control• Continuous availability• Continuous operations

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Sysplex Software

• System software

• Networking software

• Data management software

• Transaction management software

• System management software

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Sysplex Software

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Sysplex Software

• z/OS Workload Manager (WLM)

• z900 Intelligent Resource Director

• Sysplex Distributor function in OS/390 R10 allows a sysplex-wide Virtual IP Addressing (VIPA)

• Web-based Parallel Sysplex Configuration Assistant

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Sysplex Software

• z/OS Managed System Infrasturcture for Setup (msys)

• WLM Goal Mode Migration Aid

• www.ibm.com/server/eserver/zseries/zos/wizards

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Sysplex Hardware

• Coupling facility

• Coupling facility channels

• Sysplex Timers

• System/390 processors

• ESCON channels and directors

• ESCON contol units and I/O devices

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Sysplex Hardware

• The Coupling Facility (CF) provides hardware and microcode assists for rich and diverse set of multisystem data sharing functions, is at the heart of Parallel Sysplex “Coupling” technology.

• The Coupling Facility provides three models to enable efficient clustering protocols:

• Lock model• Cache model• List model

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Sysplex Hardware

• The Coupling Facility consists of hardware and specialized microcode, Coupling Facility Control Code(CFCC), supporting the S/390 Parallel Sysplex command architecture.

• IBM CF Control Code runs in: - CF LPAR, which can reside on a standalone

z900 model 100, 9672-R06 or 9674 clustering facility.

- Internal Coupling Facility on a z900 server or a 9672 server (starting with the G3 servers)

- Logical partition on a z900 or 9672

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Sysplex Hardware

• When significant new function is defined, a new version of the CF microcode is released, supporting the new functions as defined by the latest architecture CFLEVEL.

• Summerized information regarding CF Levels can be found in two next pages.

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Sysplex Hardware

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Sysplex Hardware

CF Level of Support • G1 base can be upgraded to CF Level 4 • G2 base can be upgraded to CF Level 5 • G3 and G4 can be upgraded to CF Level 8 • G5 base CF Level code is CF Level 6 • G6 base CF Level code is CF Level 8 • z900 base CF Level code is CF Level 9 • ICF support is for G3+ only

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Sysplex Hardware

• Internal Coupling Facility- Starting with the G3 Servers.

- ICF cut the cost of exploiting Coupling Facility technology by reducing the need

for an external CF. - Software license charges are not

applicable to ICF processor because ICF runs CFCC microcode and not z/OS or OS/390.

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Sysplex Hardware

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Sysplex Hardware

• Integrated CF Migration Facility (ICMF) - The ICMF was initially introduced as a

test/migration aid for customers wishing to test their Parallel Sysplex environment on a single machine prior to multisystem deployment.

- The ICMF is basically a linkless CF. - The ICMF is no longer avaible starting

with the z900 server.

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Sysplex Hardware

• Coupling links Inter-system Channel (ISC) HiperLinks (High Performance coupling

links) Integrated Cluster Bus (ICB) Internal Coupling (IC) channels (linkless) LPAR-simulated coupling links via ICMF

(linkless)

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Sysplex Hardware

• Sysplex Timer - The 9037 Sysplex Timer is mandatory

hardware requirment for a parallel sysplex consisting of more than one CPC.

- The 9037 provides the synchronization for the time-of-day (TOD) clocks of multiple CPCs, and thereby allows events started by different CPCs to be properly sequenced in time.

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Base/Parallel Sysplex

• Base Sysplex - IBM introduced MVS Sysplex in September

1990 to help solve difficulties of managing many MVS systems.

- In a base sysplex, CPCs are connected by CTCA and a shared dataset supports the communication.

- When more than on CPC is involved, a Sysplex Timer synchronizes the time on all systems.

- The same capacity as loosely coupled but Better and simpler systems management.

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Base/Parallel Sysplex

• Parallel Sysplex

- supports greater number of systems and significantly improves communications and data sharing.

- High performance data sharing through a new coupling technology (Coupling Facility).

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Parallel Sysplex

• Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex GDPS is a multi-site application availability solution that provides the capability to manage the remote copy configuration and storage subsystems,automates Parallel Sysplex operational tasks and failure recovery from a single point of control.