1 st Six Weeks Review Chemistry. 1. What are the 4 parts of Dalton’s Atomic Theory? All matter is...
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Transcript of 1 st Six Weeks Review Chemistry. 1. What are the 4 parts of Dalton’s Atomic Theory? All matter is...
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1st Six Weeks Review
Chemistry
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1. What are the 4 parts of Dalton’s Atomic Theory?
All matter is made up of atoms Atoms cannot be divided Atoms combine in whole # ratios (1:2, 2:3,
etc) to form compounds Compounds react to form new substances
during reactions
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Discovered the Electron Used Cathode Ray tube experiment
2. Describe J.J. Thompson’s contribution to atomic theory and find a picture to illustrate it.
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3. Describe Ernest Rutherford’s contribution to atomic theory and find a picture to illustrate it.
Discovered the nucleus Used the gold foil experiment – shooting
alpha particles at gold foil- some particles went through, some bounced off in all directions.
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Proposed the planetary model of the atom Described Electron energy levels
4. Describe Niels Bohr’s contribution to atomic theory and find a picture to illustrate it.
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Discovered the proton Particles going opposite electrons in cathode
ray tube.
5. Describe Eugene Goldstein’s contribution to atomic theory find a picture to illustrate it.
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Discovered Neutrons
6. Describe James Chadwick’s contribution to atomic theory find a picture to illustrate it.
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Proposed the Quantum Mechanical Model Orbitals predict location of electrons Electrons in energy levels Currently accepted atom model
7. Describe Erwin Schrodinger contribution to atomic theory find a picture to illustrate it.
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8. Find a picture & 3 statements that describe a proton.
Positive charge Mass = 1 amu or 1.67 x 10-24g Found in the nucleus
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Neutral charge Mass = 1 amu or 1.67 x 10-24g Found in the nucleus
9. Find a picture & 3 statements that describe a neutron.
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Negative charge Mass = .0005 amu or 1.4 x 10-28g Moving rapidly around nucleus
10. Find a picture & 3 statements that describe an electron.
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11. True or False: The nucleus contains most of the atom’s volume.
False!
The nucleus contains most of the atoms mass.
The electron cloud contains most of the atoms volume.
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12. Illustrate an element square from the periodic table & label the information it provides.
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13. True or False: Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the electron cloud.
True!
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14. A neutral carbon atom has how many protons, neutrons & electrons?
Protons = 6 Neutrons = 6 Electrons = 6 Total subatomic particles = ?
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15. Magnesium is classified which of the following: solution, alloy, mixture or pure substance?
Pure substance!
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16. What is an isotope?
Isotope is atom of the same element that has the same # of protons, but a different # of neutrons
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17. What are the three isotopes of hydrogen? How many protons, neutrons & electrons does each one have?
Protium Deuterium Tritium
Protons 1 1 1
Neutrons 0 1 2
Electrons 1 1 1
Atomic Mass 1 amu 2 amu 3 amu
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18. For the isotope Nitrogen-15, how many subatomic particles are present?(protons, neutrons, & electrons)
Total = 21particles
Atomic # = 7 (7 p, 7e-) Atomic mass = 14 (14-7 = 7 neutrons)
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19. Potassium has an atomic number 19 and an atomic mass of 39. How many protons, neutrons and electrons does it have?
Protons = 19 Electrons = 19 Neutrons = 39 – 19 = 20
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20. What is average atomic mass? How do you calculate it?
Weighted average of the naturally occuring isotopes of that element.
To calculate
1. Convert % to decimal
2. Multiply decimal by mass of isotope
3. Add numbers to complete average
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21. What is the average atomic mass of silver?
.5186 x 106.9amu = 55.438
.4814 x 108.9amu = 52.424
107.9 amu
Isotope Name
Isotope Mass (amu)
Percentage
Silver-107 106.90509 51.86
Silver-109 108.90470 48.14
Extra Practice: http://www.algebralab.org/practice/practice.aspx?file=
algebra_averageatomicmass.xml
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22. Classify each of the following as an element, compound or mixture:
Sulfur - Element Salad oil - Mixture Newspaper - Mixture Orange - Mixture MgCl2 - Compound Cardboard - Mixture Apple juice - Mixture
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23. What is density and how do you calculate it?
Density is the amount of matter in a given volume of substance.
m m D = V m = D*V V = D
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24. Visit the following site:http://www.explorelearning.com/
Type “Density” in the Search Bar. Click on “Density Laboratory.” Click on “Gizmo” above the picture. Move objects onto the scale & into the
cylinder & calculate the density to predict if the object will sink or float.
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25. Give 4 examples and a picture of physical changes.
Cutting Mixing Molding Evaporating Distillation Freezing Condensing
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Burning Exploding Neutralizing Corroding Rusting
26. Give 4 examples and a picture of chemical changes.
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Draw lines to match the following:
1. Electron a. neutral particle w/mass of 1.67 x 10-24 g2. Proton b. – particle w/ mass of 9.11 x 10-28 g3. Neutron c. + particle w/ mass of 1.67 x 10-24 g 4. Heterogeneous d. sample with uniform & definite
composition5. Homogeneous e. physical blend of 2 or more substances6. Mixture f. uniform mixture7. Element g. substance that can be chemically
separated8. Compound h. simplest form of a substance9. Pure substance i. mixture that is not uniform throughout