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REGULATORYINFRASTRUCTURE

IN TURKIYE(Industrial Radiography)

Sinan ÖZGÜR

TURKISH ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITYRADIATION HEALTH AND SAFETY DEPARTMENT

RADIATION SAFETY INSPECTION DIVISION

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  Responsibilities and Functions of the

Regulatory Body

Legislation Framework

Authorization - Licenseing

Training

Inspection

Enforcement

OUTLINE

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  Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEA) is responsible regulatory

body for radiation and nuclear safety and security. Main Departments responsible for regulation are:

Nuclear Safety Department (NSD) Radiation Health and Safety Deaprtment (RHSD)

Research and Training Centers are: Ankara Nucelar Research and Training Center ( mainly is

responsible for training of radiation protection officers (RPO) and radiation workers )

Cekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center (wich is in Istanbul)

Saraykoy Nucelar Research and Training Center

Regulatory Body - TAEA

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Radiation Health and Safety Department

Radiation Safety Inspection Division

Safety of Radiation Applications Division

Radioactive Source Management Division

Radiation Protection Division

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Turkish Atomic Energy Authority is the governmental organization empowered, by the Turkish Atomic Energy Act No. 2690, of 13 July 1982.

TAEA Act

reaffirms Türkiye’s attachment to the peaceful use of atomic energy,

authorizes TAEA to carry out the activities related with the fulfillment of Türkiye’s obligations arising from international agreements,

covers the establishment, management, duties, responsibilities and the authorizations of the TAEA.

The Regulatory Body

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The Regulatory BodyTAEA is responsible

to determine the bases of the national policy for the peaceful use of atomic energy for the benefit of the country

to determine the principles, the measures and the limits of liability for radiation protection

to authorize organizations or persons who keep, use, import, export, transport, store and trade radioactive materials and radiation equipments and to inspect them

to take the necessary measures, or have them taken, for processing, transportation and permanent or temporary storage of radioactive wastes safely

to prepare necessary decrees, regulations technical and guides for those purposes

to train the personnel who will work in the nuclear and radiaton field or to assist their training if necessary

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Legislation FrameworkTurkish Atomic Energy Authority Act

Radiation Safety Decree

Regulation on Radiation Safety

Regulation on Licensing and Radiation Protection in Industrial Radiography

Regulation on the Safe Transport of Radioactive Materials

Regulation on the Control of High Activity Sealed Radioactive Sources and Orphan Sources

Regulation on Radiation Safety Inspections and Enforcements

Regulation on Nuclear and Radiological Emergency

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Legislation Framework

Regulation on The Protection of Outside Workers Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

Regulation on Wastes Arising from Use of Radioactive Substances

Regulation on the Licensing and Safety of Gamma and Electron Beam Irradiation Facilities

Regulation on Licensing of the Facilities Including Ionizing Radiation Sources for Therapy Purposes in Medicine

Regulation on Radioactive Waste Management

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Authorization is based on both TAEA Act No. 2690, Regulation on Radiation Safety and Regulation on Licensing and Radiation Protection in Industrial Radiography.

By Regulation on Radiation Safety;

It is obligatory to get license from the TAEA for: to keep, use, produce, import, export, purchase, sell, transport, store, maintain, repair, install, dismantle and exchange of of the ionazing radiation sources.

licenses are valid for 5 years

Persons or organizations having license for import, export and transfer of the radioactive sources also are obliged to get permission from TAEA for each import, export and transfer.

Import-Export Permissions for radioactive sources are valid for 3 months

Authorization

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Licenseing Process

APPLICATION

REWIEV OF DOCUMENTS BY

TAEA-RHSD

IMPORT PERMISSION

PUNCH LIST – OFFICIAL LETTER IS

SENT

PRE-INSPECTTIO

N

LICENSE

SECOND REWIEV OF

DOCUMENTS BY TAEA-RHSD

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Authorization

Authorization by Licence: for use and transport of gamma graphy devicesTo get license from TAEA, the company is obliged to provide following: Application form that includes all official info about the licensee and radiation

protection officer (RPO), official info about company, technical specifications and information about device and source, written egagement and etc..

RPO official documents : NDT certificate, Certificates of Trainings in radiation protection, health certificate and etc..

Radiographers(workers) documents: NDT certificate, Certificates of Trainings in radiation protection, health certificate and etc.

Emergency Plan, GPS information: When and from WHO was bought, how it works and etc.. Type B(U) Certificate (it has to be valid internattionaly)

Numbers:663 Industrial Raidography devices in total (including X-ray and gamma graphy)

664 Mobile gamma graphy devices (with radioactive sources)

328 X-Ray Devices (radiography – radioscopy)15 X-ray radioscopy with cabin

13 X-Ray crawler devices300 X-ray devices (all types)

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Authorization

Authorization by Licence: for maintanence and change of source in gamma graphy devices There are 3 establishments and 1 government institution (CNAEM) which have

license for maintenance and changing radioactive sources in gamma graphy devices in Türkiye.

Transportation of gamma graphy devices Industrial radiography companies which have license for radiography devices,

can do transportation with compatible vehicles only for their own devices. There are also many companies that have license for transport of radioactive

material and sources. They also may do transportation of these devices but this is not common. Generally industrial radiography companies which have license do that by their own.

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Authorized importer provides the following information to TAEA :

name of the authorized recipient,recipient’s legal address, type of radionuclide, its activity, date of activity,identifier informations about the source, use of the sourcerepatriation agreement with the producer

The import permission for a radioactive source is given only in two cases: If the radioactive source is being imported to user which have the

license from TAEA. (licensee)

If the end user apply for license and licensee is approved from TAEA

Import Permission

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PART I

• Purpose:

To ensure radiation protection of people, workers and environment against ionizing radiation during the applications in industrial radiography and to ensure the security of radioactive sources used in industrial radiography.

• Scope:

This regulation includes the principles in order to ensure the radiation safety system and radiation protection, principles for licensing procedures and principles to ensure security of radioactive sources in industrial radiography applications.

• Definitions

• Exemptions

Regulation on Licensing and Radiation Protection in Industrial Radiography

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Regulation on Licensing and Radiation Protection in Industrial Radiography

PART II - License, Permissions, Responsibility and Exigencies.

PART III - Basic Safety Satndarts, Working Areas and Training of Radiaographers (workers) and certification.

PART IV – Management of Radioactive sources (maintenance of devices and renewal of radioactive sources, end of life procedures and waste management)

PART V – Transport and storage of radiography devices

PART VI – Categorization, Technical Specifications for Radiaography Devices, Working Methods, Radiation Protection.

PART VII – Emergency Situations, Records and Inspection.

PART VIII – Administrative and Other Provisions.

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RSGD-TD-ER-1 (Technical Guide)Attachment of Regulation on Licensing and Radiation Protection in Industrial Radiography

RSGD-TD-ER-1 Contents : Defines contents and methodology of training for

radiographers and certification method. Certificate of the successful radiographers is valid for five

years and every five years it has to be renewed. Defines working areas and methodology, giving many

practical procedures during work, practical dose ratio limits ito be used

Gives an example of practical emergency plan for gamma graphy and defines responsibilities in this plan giving an idea how it should be.

Includes some useful data and information like a units of activity, types of dose and etc. Also it gives some useful data about sources mostly used in gamma graphy such a decay table and etc.

Defines procedures and basic safety standarts during the transport of devices.

Gives information about labelling during the transport.

Technical Guide - RSGD-TD-ER-1

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Inspection in Industrial Radiography

There are three main regulations used for inspection and enforcement in industrial radiography:

Regulation on Radiation Safety Inspections and Enforcements• Directive on Radiation Safety Inspections and Enforcement

Regulation on Radiation Safety Regulation on Licensing and Radiation Protection in

Industrial Radiography

Regulation on Radiation Safety Inspections and Enforcements Based on IAEA TECDOC 1526- Inspection of Radiation Sources and

Regulatory Enforcement Inspections in Industrial Radiography are carried out per one year

according to tecdoc-1526. Groups of minimum two inspectors.

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Inspection in Industrial Radiography Types of Inspections:

• Pre-operational Inspections: After the company applies for license • Announced ( Informed) Inspections : The company is being informed

before inspection. The purpose in this inspection is to discuss general safety procedures and documentation related to safety and security.

• Unannounced (uninformed) Inspections: The purpose is to inspect how the safety procedures are carried out during on-job and in working areas. These inspections are made also according to complaint also.

• Dose Related Inspections: These inspections are made related to information of high individual dose or when dose constraints are exceeded.

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Inspection in Industrial RadiographyRadiation Safety and Security Inspectors:

All professions related to basic science: Physics engineers, physicists, chemists, nuclear energy engineers, etc.

Inspectors are choosed between the staff of Radiation Health and Safety Department.

Compulsory clauses : At least two years experience in the Department and he/she must been working in all other divisions of department in order to know all work done : licenseeng, import-export permission, trasportation and etc..

Candidate Inspector: After he/she begin to work in Inspection Division, during one year he/she attends many courses related to different radiological applications in industry and medicine. At the same time candidate inspector is observer and assistant to inspectors during inspections.

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Inspection in Industrial RadiographyRadiation Safety and Security Inspectors:

Training process of candidate inspectors: It is written in Directive on Radiation Safety Inspection and Enforcement

• Radiation Physics• Radiation Units, Radiation Detection Systems and Dosimetry• Biological effects of Ionising Radiation • Basic Safety Standarts• Basic Principles in Radiation Protection• Transportation of Radioactive Sources• End Life Management of Radiaoactive Sources and Waste

Management• Applications in which Radiation Sources are used.• Types of exposure• Accidents and Emergency Response• Ethics and Responsibilities of Inspector.

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EnforcementEnforcement procedures are written and established in following documents: Regulation on Radiation Safety Regulation on Licensing and Radiation Protection in Industrial Radiography Regulation on Radiation Safety Inspections and Enforcements

The total of these documents cover all enforcement mattes we need. But mostly we use third one for enforcement after inspection.

Practical Guide for Enforcement and more detailed is:Directive on Radiation Safety Inspections and Enforcement

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EnforcementDirective on Radiation Safety Inspections and Enforcement

Defines the types and principles of inspection and gives the periods of inspection based on the type of application

Gives instructions to inspectors what to do and how to prepare before and after the inspection

Defines and states the enforcement type and procedures based on the non-compliance with regulations and directives.

Official letter including improprieties and deficiencies with regulations and gives instructions to the licensee.

• Without time limit : This means that the improprieties and deficiencies must be completed until the next inspection.

• Up to three months time limit: This means that improprieties and deficiencies must be completed and must be notified back to TAEA in three months. After the licensee’s official letter : inspection.

• Temporary Cancellation of License: This means that the licensee is not allowed to use radiography application until the improprieties and deficiencies are completed and approved from TAEA.

• Cancellation of License: This is made in case that licensee is not able to complete or keep the regulation or in very extreme cases when it is stated that the radation safety of the workers and public is not established by licensee.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Sinan ÖzgürRadiation Safety Inspection Division

Radiation Health and Safety Department Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEA)

sinan.ozgur@taek.gov.tr