1-s2.0-S0950584Improving device-aware Web services and their mobile clients through an...
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Improving device-aware Web services and their mobile clients through an aspect-oriented, model-driven approach Guadalupe Ortiz a, * , Alfonso García De Prado b,1 a Quercus Software Engineering Group, University of Extremadura, Centro Universitario de Mérida, C/Sta Teresa de Jornet, 38, 06800 Mérida, Spain b Research Division ADT, Zaragoza, Spain a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 4 October 2009 Received in revised form 6 May 2010 Accepted 10 May 2010 Available online 13 May 2010 Keywords: Aspect-oriented software development Mobile devices Web service Model-driven development a b s t r a c t Context: Mobile devices have become an essential element in our daily lives, even for connecting to the Internet. Consequen tly, Web services have become extremely important when offering services through the Internet. However, current Web services are very inflexible as regards their invocation from differen t types of device, especially if we consider the need for them to be adaptable when being invoked from mobile devices. Objective: In this paper, we provide an approach for the creation of flexible Web services which can be invokedtran spar entl y fromdiffere nt dev ice type s and whi ch return subs eque nt resp onse s, as well as pro- viding the client’s adaptation as a result of the particular device characte ristics and end-user preferences in a completely decoupled way. Method: Aspect-Oriented Programming and model-driven development have been used to reduce both the impact of service and client code adaptation for multiple devices as well as to facilitate the devel- oper’s task. Results: A model-driven methodology can be followed from system models to code, providing the Web service developer with the option of marking which services should be adapted to mobile devices in the UML models, and obtaining the decoupled adaptation code automatically from the models. Conclusion: We can conclude tha t theapproa ch pre sentedinthis pa pe r pro vid es us wi th thepossi bil ity of following the developme nt of mobile-aware Web services in an integrated platform, benefiting from the use of aspect-oriented techniques not only for maintaining device-related code completely decoupled from the main functionality one, but also allowing a modularized non-intrusiv e adaptation of mobile cli- ents to the specific device characteristics as well as to final user preferences. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Mobile devices have acquired great prominence over the last years, with two and even three times more mobile users than Internet ones in some countries. The great amount of devices and their continuous use clearly illustrate the importance of access to mobile services [1]. From the service-side point of view, Web service developers have mainly focused on developing services which are designed to be accessible from desktop or laptop computers, creating a void in the sphere of their access from mobile clients – personal digital assistants (PDAs), mobile phones, etc., which are becom- ing very commonly used tools. In order to meet this requirement we have to bear in mind the type of device from which the ser- vice is going to be invoked. In this regard, developed clients will vary widely depending on the target device: there may not only be considerable differences between a mobile phone and a desk- top computer, but also between clients developed for different type s of mob ile device. Furtherm ore, not only screen size, but also runtime capacity needs to be considered [2] . In this sense, we can say that de skt op com pu ter s an d laptops are the most powerful clients, allowing any type of computation, and are pro- vided with screens which are expected to be large enough for info rmation to be disp laye d clearly. PDA s and mobile phones , how ever, norm ally have less com puta tional pow er and sma ller screens than computers, as well as more reduced broadband ac- cess. Besides, they usually expose a reduced set of APIs (Applica- tion Programmin g Interf aces ) due to the runtim e envi ronm ent they support. 0950-5849/$ - see front matter 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.infsof.2010.05.002 * Corresponding author. Present address: School of Engineering, University of Cádiz, C/Chile, 1 11002 Cádiz, Spain. Tel.: +34 956 015784; fax: +34 956 015139. E-mail addresses: gobellot@unex .es, guadalupe.ortiz@ uca.es (G. Ortiz), Alfonso. [email protected] (A.G.D. Prado). 1 Prese nt addre ss: School of Engine ering, Univers ity of Cádiz , C/Chil e, 1 11002 Cádiz, Spain. Information and Software Technology 52 (2010) 1080–1093 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Information and Software Technology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/infsof
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