1 RTS (A) MISSION COMMAND. 2 RTS (A) Doctrine - Summary Fighting power – physical, moral and...

1RTS (A)

MISSION COMMAND

2RTS (A)

Doctrine - Summary

Fighting power – physical, moral and conceptual components

Manoeuvrist Approach - with its implications for: Conduct of operations Command

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Manoeuvrist Approach

Surprise

Tempo

Simultaneity

Pre-emption

Dislocation

Disruption

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Action Orientation

Observation

Decision

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Command Philosophy

Timely decision-making Understanding higher commander’s intent

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Command Philosophy

Timely decision-making Understanding higher commander’s intent Responsibility to fulfil that intention:

Common doctrine Mutual trust Obedience Initiative

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MISSIONCOMMAND

Command Philosophy(Tenets)

Principles

Practice

9RTS (A)

Principles of Mission Command

Unity of effort

10RTS (A)

The Commander’s Intent Main and Supporting Efforts Mission Statements

Achieving Unity of Effort

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Orders Format Situation

En Forces Fr Forces Atts and Dets

Mission Execution

Concept of Ops Intent Scheme of Manoeuvre Main Effort

Subordinates’ missions Co-ordinating instructions

Service Support Command & Signal

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Mission Execution

Concept of Ops Intent Scheme of Manoeuvre Main Effort



Intent

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“…One part of the order I did, however, draft myself - the intention. It is usually the shortest of all paragraphs, but it is always the most important, because it states - or it should - just what the commander intends to achieve.

It is the one overriding expression of will by which every action by every commander and soldier in the army must be dominated.”

Defeat Into VictoryField Marshal Slim 1944

14RTS (A)

Commander’s Intent - OverviewA succinct summary of how he proposes to achieve his purpose - articulated through effects, so subordinates understand the links between Main and Supporting Efforts. Also a description of how he thinks achieving his task will meet his given purpose (his unique contribution to his superior’s intent)

15RTS (A)

Commander’s Intent - Overview

A succinct summary of how he proposes to achieve his purpose - articulated through effects, so subordinates understand the links between Main and Supporting Efforts. Also a description of how he thinks achieving his task will meet his given purpose (his unique contribution to his superior’s intent)

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Mission Execution

Concept of Ops Intent Scheme of manoeuvre Main Effort



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Mission Execution




Main Effort

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Main Effort

The activity which the commander considers crucial to the success of his mission at that time.

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Mission Execution




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Mission Execution




Subordinates’ Missions

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Mission Statements

Task(s) + Purpose

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Caesar

Maximus

Archers & artillery

Roman Infantry

Roman Cavalry

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Mission Statements

Own Mission: Task(s) + Purpose

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Mission Statements

Own Mission: Task(s) + Purpose

Subordinate 1: Task + Purpose



The missions assigned to subordinates, together, fulfil the mission assigned to the commander.

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Mission Statements

Own Mission: Task + Purpose




There is a common thread to the subordinates’ purposes, so that when taken together they fulfil the Commander’s mission

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Caesar

Maximus

Archers & artillery

Roman Infantry

Roman Cavalry

T: pacify the German tribes

P: bring peace to the Empire’s northern borders T: defeat militant

German tribes

P: bring peace to the northern borders

T: kill German tribal leader and his bodyguard

P: cause the culmination of the militant tribes

T: force German forces out of the woods

P: enable infantry to engage the enemy in the open

T: fix enemy forces in the open

P: enable Cavalry, on the main effort, to attack the enemy from the rear

Main Effort

Supporting Effort

Supporting Effort

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The Commander’s Intent Main and Supporting Efforts Mission Statements

Achieving Unity of Effort

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Maximus’ Orders to his Legions (1)

Mission: defeat militant German tribes in order to bring peace to the northern borders

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Mission: defeat militant German tribes in order to bring peace to the northern borders

Intent: We will force the enemy out of the forest so we can fix him in the open. Once he is fixed, we will surprise him by an attack in the rear, striking to destroy his leadership - the decisive element of the operation. Once his leadership is destroyed, I believe we will break the will of the German tribes, thus eventually bring peace to the Northern borders

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Main Effort: killing of enemy leadership by the cavalry

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Main Effort: killing of enemy leadership by the cavalry

Scheme of Manoeuvre: Cavalry preparatory move to FUP in cover, signal once in position. Artillery and archers then force enemy out of the forest using fire. Infantry advance into open ground, to lure the enemy further into the open, and then fix him. Cavalry then strike from the forest into the enemy’s rear, gaining shock and surprise, to kill the enemy leadership. Once enemy is reduced to a disorganised rabble, massacre as many as possible. Enslave the rest.

33RTS (A)


Subordinate Missions Archers and Artillery

T: force German forces out of the woods

P: enable infantry to engage the enemy in the open Infantry

T: fix enemy forces in the open

P: enable Cavalry, on the main effort, to attack the enemy from the rear

CavalryT: kill German tribal leader and his bodyguard

P: cause the culmination of the militant tribes

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Unity of effort Decentralisation (Freedom of Action)

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“…In time [commanders at all levels] developed to a marked degree a flexibility of mind and a firmness of decision that enabled them to act swiftly to take advantage of sudden information or changing circumstances without reference to their superiors,

[This] requires in the higher command a corresponding flexibility of mind, confidence in subordinates, and the power to make its intentions clear through the force.”

FM Slim

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Unity of effort Decentralisation [ Mutual] Trust

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“... He, the soldier, must have confidence in his leaders and know that whatever dangers and hardships he is called upon to suffer, his life will not be flung away.”

FM Slim

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Unity of effort Decentralisation Trust Mutual understanding

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ADVANCE TO CONTACT

ATTACK

BLOCKCLEAR

DEFEAT

DEFEN

D DELAY

DELAY

DENY

DESTROY

HOLDPENETRATION SECURE

SEIZE

Language of Mission Command

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Unity of effort Decentralisation Trust Mutual understanding Timely and effective decision-making

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Direction(Received and

Given)

Consultation

Sideways

Consideration Execution

TIME

NOW UpwardsTHE DECISION

POINT

DownwardsThe

DecisionReview Review

43RTS (A)

“…One of the most difficult things we have to do in war is to recognize the moment for making a decision. Information comes in degrees. Shall we make a decision now or shall we wait a little longer?

It is usually more difficult to determine the moment for making a decision than it is to formulate the decision itself.”

Adolph Von Schell

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MISSIONCOMMAND

Command Philosophy

Principles

Practice

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Mission Command in Practice

Orders – intentions, missions and context

What effect – and why Appropriate resources allocated Minimum control – maximum freedom Subordinates decide ‘how’ to achieve

their mission

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“… Never tell people how to do things,

tell them what to do

and they will surprise you with their ingenuity”

Patton

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Summary

Freedoms and speed of action

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Summary

Freedoms and speed of action Intents and Effects Resources Minimum control measures

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Summary

Freedoms and speed of action Intents and Effects Resources Minimum necessary control measures Principles:

Unity of Effort Decentralisation Trust Mutual Understanding Timely and Effective Decision-making

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1 RTS (A) MISSION COMMAND. 2 RTS (A) Doctrine - Summary Fighting power – physical, moral and...

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