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Round Table Discussion IIISearching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting matter
JINR, Dubna 5-6 November 2008
Project of The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA):
Status of The Technical Design Project
Igor N. Meshkov for NICA collaboration
2
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Project leaders: A. Sissakian, A. Sorin
Accelerator group leaders: I. Meshkov, A. Kovalenko
Authors:JINRN.Agapov, V.Alexandrov, A.Alfeev, O.Brovko, A.Butenko, B.Vasilishin, V.Volkov, E.D.Donets, E.E.Donets, A.Eliseev, A.Fateev, I.Issinsky, V.Kalagin, G.Khodzhibagiyan, V.Karpinsky, V.Kekelidze, A.Kobets, V.Kobets, A.Kovalenko, O.Kozlov, A.Kuznetsov, I.Meshkov, V.Mikhaylov, V.Monchinsky, N.Lebedev, A.Olshevsky, A.Rudakov, V.Shchegolev, A.Sidorin, V.Shevtsov, A.V.Smirnov, A.Sissakian, A.Sorin, N.Timoshenko, V.Toneev, G.Trubnikov, V.Zhabitsky, S.Yakovenko
IHEPO. Belyaev, Yu. Budanov, I. Zvonarev, A. Maltsev
INR Tokyo UniversityV. Matveev, L. Kravchuck T.Katayama
Budker INPV.Arbusov, Yu.iryuchevsky, S,Krutikhin, G.Kurkin, B.Persov, V.Petrov, F.Pilan
3
Contents1. NICA/MPD Concept
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA
elements
2.1. Injector: Ion Source + Linac
2.2. Booster
2.3. Stripping station
2.4. Nuclotron – “The project Nuclotron-M”
2.5. Collider
2.6. Transfer lines
2.7. Control and diagnostics
2.8. Civil engineering
2.9. Project schedule
3. Polarized beams in NICA
4. NICA Collaboration
ConclusionI.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November,
2008
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1. NICA/ MPD Concept
January 2008
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
5
The intention and the goal:
Development of the JINR basic facility for generation
of intense heavy ion and polarized nuclear beams
aimed at searching for the mixed phase of nuclear
matter and investigation of polarization phenomena
at the collision energies up to sNN = 11 GeV/u,
i.e. 238U x 238U in the energy range of 1 ÷ 4.5 GeV/u
at average luminosity (at 3.5 GeV/u)
Laverage= 11027 cm-2s-1.
1. NICA/ MPD Concept
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
6
1. Minimum of R & D
2. Application of existing experience
3. Co-operation with experienced research centers
“The Basic Conditions”
for the Project Development
and Some Consequences
1. NICA/ MPD Concept
I.Meshkov, NICA/MPD Project STORI’08 IMP, Lanzhou, 15-19 September, 2008
4. The reference particle for the heavy ion project:
238U92+ at 3.5 GeV/amu in collider
7
“The Basic Conditions” for the Project Development and Some Consequences
Choice of an existing building for dislocation
of the collider
Collider circumference is limited by ~ 250 m
Luminosity
4. Cost – as low as possible5. Realization time – 4 – 5 years
High beam intensity,
multibunch regime,
low beta-function in Interaction Point,…………………………………………………
1. NICA/ MPD Concept
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
8
Nuclotron
Krion & Linac
Booster
ColliderC = 251.2 m
Existing beam lines(solid target exp-s)
MPD
Spin Physics Detector (SPD)
Bldng 205
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
1. NICA/ MPD Concept
9
Booster (25 Tm)2(3?) single-turn
injections, storage of 3.2×109,
acceleration up to 50 MeV/u,
electron cooling,acceleration
up to 440 MeV/u
Nuclotron (45 Tm)injection of one
bunch of 1.1×109 ions,
acceleration up to 14.5 GeV/u max.
Collider (45 Tm)Storage of
17 bunches 1109 ions per ring at 14.5 GeV/u,
electron and/or stochastic cooling
IP-1 IP-2
Stripping (40%) 238U32+ 238U92+
Two superconducting
collider rings
2х17 injection
cycles
Bunch compression (“overturn” in phase space)
Injector: 2×109 ions/pulse of 238U32+ at energy of 6 MeV/u
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
1. NICA/ MPD Concept
10
34 injection cycles of 1109 ions 238U92+ per cycle1.71010 ions/ring L 1∙10E27 cm-2∙s-1
3.5 GeV/u
400 MeV/u
100(50?) MeV/u 6 MeV/u
470 keV/u
25 keV/u 2s 0.4s 2s 3s 4.5s 153 s
KRION RFQ RFQ DTL Booster Nuclotron Collider
Eion/A
Time Table of The Storage Process
238U32+
2-3 cyclesof injection,
electroncooling (?)
electroncooling
stripping to
238U92+
Bunch compression
1. NICA/ MPD Concept
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
11
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements 2.1. Injector: Ion Source + LinacElectron String Ion Sourse (ESIS) „KRION“ –
experiments on generation of Au32+,Au51+ and Au69+
ions – in progress, new ESIS “KRION-6T”: B 6.0 T, Ee 25 keV -
– in progress The goals:Ions Au32+(U32+) Au51+(U64+) Au69+ Extraction frequency, Hz 5(40) 0.5 0.2N_ions per pulse 210E9 510E8 310E8Extraction time, s 8 8 8
The Schedule:Commissioning of the working
device December 2010,
Test at Nuclotron 2011Test at the new linac 2012
12
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
Heavy Ion Linac RFQ + RFQ DTL (IHEP, Protvino) Technical design – in progress in accordance with the schedule; Interim technical design report of the 1st section (RFQ) is completed;
2.1. Injector: Ion Source + Linac
Main parameters of RFQInjection energy 200 keV/ion Acceptance Extraction energy 473 keV/u Normalized 0.5
mmmradUnnormalized 70
mmmrad
RFQ Electrodes 2H cavities of "Ural" RFQ
(prototype)
The goal – TDR of the linac & working drawings December 2009
13
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.2. Booster
Nuclotron
Booster
B = 25 Tm, Bmax = 1.8 T1) 3 single-turn injections 2) Storage and electron
cooling of 8×109 238U32+
3) Acceleration up to 440 MeV/u
4) Extraction & stripping
Superconducting Booster in the magnet core of The Synchrophasotron
14
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.2.
Booster
2.3 m
4.0 m
The Booster Location in “The Belly”
of The Synchrophasotron
Dismounting in progress…
15
The Booster FODO period
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.2. Booster
SC dipoles – “Nuclotron/SIS-100 type”
Superconducting Booster in the magnet core of The Synchrophasotron
See the next report
of A.Kovalenko
Status: technical project in progress
Working drawings during 2009
Beginning of manufacturing Nov. 2009
Synchrophasotron yoke
16
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.2. Booster
RF system of Cooler Storage Ring
of Heavy Ion Research Facility
in Lanzhou (HIRFL) – analog of
The RF system for The Booster
of NICA.
RF System
Technical Report of RF System has been completed
by the group of Budker INP in September 2008:
2 RF stations by R 12.5 M each one,
1.5 years for manufacturing
17
Status: technical project in very beginning
Working drawings end of 2009
Beginning of manufacturing Nov. 2009
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.2. Booster Electron cooling system of the Booster
The prototype: Electron Cooler EC-35 (Budker INP)1 – electron gun, 2 – electrostatic plates for compensation of centrifugal drift, 3 toroidal solenoid, 4 – straight solenoids, 5 – magnetic shield, 6 – collector, 7 – ion beam orbit magnetic correctors, 8 – ion beam channel
The JINR concept: the electron cooler with superconducting magnetic system
Reconstruction of The
El_Cooler Test Bench
was started at DLNP.
18
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.3. Stripping stationFirst parameters estimates have been
done,
but technical design was not started yet.
Radiation safety conditions are under
examination
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I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.4. Nuclotron
“The project Nuclotron-M” is in
progress
see report of G.Trubnikov
20
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider
Ring circumference, [m] 251.0
B max [ Tm ] 44.0
Ion kinetic energy (U92+), [GeV/u]
1.0 4.36
Dipole field (max), [ T ] 4.0
Quad gradient (max), [ T/m ] 29.0
Number of dipoles / length 24 / 2.8 m
Number of vertical dipoles per ring
2 x 4
Number of quads / length 32 / 0.4 m
Long straight sections number / length 2 x 48.0 m
Short straight sections number / length, 4 x 7.2 m
General Parameters
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I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider
βx_max / βy_max in FODO period, m
20 / 17
Dx_max / Dy_max in FODO period, m
6.1 / 0.1
βx_min / βy_min in IP, m 0.5 / 0.5
Dx / Dy in IP, m 0.0 / 0.0
Free space at IP (for detector) 8 m
Beam crossing angle at IP 0
Betatron tunes Qx / Qy 5.5 / 5.2
Chromaticity Q’x / Q’y -12.4 / -12.2
Transition energy, _tr / E_tr 5.0 / 4 GeV/u
RF system harmonics amplitude, [kV]
70 100
Vacuum, [ pTorr ] 100 10
General Parameters (Contnd)
22
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider
Energy, GeV/u 1.0 3.5
Ion number per bunch 1E9 1E9
Number of bunches per ring 17 17
Rms unnormolized beam emittance, ∙mm mrad 3.8 0.3
Rms momentum spread 1E-3 1E-3
Rms bunch length, m 0.3 0.3
Luminosity per one IP, cm-2∙s-1 0.75⋅E26
1.1E27
Incoherent tune shift Qbet 0.056 0.047
Beam-beam parameter 0.0026 0.02
Luminosity “life time” limited by IBS, s
650 50
Collider beam parameters and luminosity
23
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Collider scheme (Version Aug. 2008)
PU
Kicker PU
Kicker
MPD
RF
RF
Injection channels
Beam dump
Beam dump
SPD
Spin rotator
Spin rotator
24
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Collider Scheme (Version Oct. 2008)
25
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider
Magnetic system
“Twin” dipoles
“Twin” quadrupoles
1 – Cos coils, 2 – “collars”, 3 – He header, 4 – iron yoke,
5 – thermoshield, 6 – outer jacket
See the next report
of A.Kovalenko
26
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider IBS Heating & electron/stochastic
cooling
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
1
pyxsyx
54bunch
2
4
IBS functionslattice,,,(F)p/p(
N
A
Z
Intrabeam scattering (IBS) characteristic time:
For NICA: 17 bunches x 10E9 238U92+ ions at s = 0.3 m, etc.,…
IBS ~ 20 – 50 s
Electron cooling: 2.4 MeV x 0.5 A ecool 50 s
Stochastic cooling: W = 3 GHz scool 1000 s
27
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
General scheme
Electron cooling parameters and problems:
Electron beam 2.4 MeV x 1 A
ion recombination hollow electron
beam?
HV power supply
HTSC solenoid + “hot” electron collectorB
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Electron cooling 1st scheme
The 1st scheme: disadvantage “twin system”
28
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
B
The 2nd scheme: disadvantage at acceleration coulomb entrance“recovering” electrons enter solenoid field of opposite direction:
p ~ 100 keV at B = 0.1 T
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Electron cooling 2nd scheme
29
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Electron cooling 3rd scheme
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
The 3rd scheme: advantage 1) common HV power supply, 2) lenses
B B
disadvantages 1) two SC solenoids,
2) possible coupling of both ion beams via cooling electron beams
a damping feed back may be necessary
30
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Stochastic cooling
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
1) Unrealistic for present “Concept Parameters” of NICA collider
2) Requires a new concept development:
non-zero beam crossing angle at IP,
increase of ion bunch number nbunch ~ 70,
new ion storage scheme “barrier bucket” RF system.
All this simplifies stochastic cooling system making it
of “conventional” parameters (like at COSY, for instance). The new concept does not contradict to the
present one! And has to be examined carefully…
T.Katayama,31 October
2008
31
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Stochastic cooling
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Stoch.Coolg PU’s : 2+2
m
Stoch.Cooling kickers : 2+3 m
Feedback
lines:
x, y, s
Proposed scheme (T.Katayama, 31 Oct.
2008)
32
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.5. Collider Collider RF System
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Res. frequency, MHz 107 ÷ 120
Outer diameter, cm 38
Inner diameter, cm 7
Gap voltage, kV 100
Gap length, cm 5
Shunt impedance, kOhm
357.2
Quality factor 2786
Power loss, kW 13.92
Cavity length, m 0.744
There are two reasonable technical solutions : - the quarter-wave resonant cavity loaded with the capacitive gap, - 2 quarter-wave resonators switched on towards each other and loaded with the common capacitive gap.
694 50
Ø 7
0
Ø 3
80
Tuning plunger Accelerating gap
Quarter-wave cavity
33
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.6. Transfer lines
1. KRION – Linac
2. Linac – Booster
3. Booster – Nuclotron
4. Nuclotron – collider rings
… in very beginning…
34
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.7. Control and DiagnosticsNICA Control
System
35
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.7. Control and Diagnostics
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
NICA Control
System
36
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements2.7. Control and
DiagnosticsNICA
DiagnosticsBeam Intensity Beam current transformers (BERGOZ)
Ibeam - “slow” BCT I(t) – fast BCT
Ionization chamber Sec. emission monitor
JINR
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Beam position monitors (JINR)
Schottky noise monitors - p/p, frev, Qbet
37
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements2.7. Control and
DiagnosticsNICA
Diagnostics
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Beam profile monitors
Residual gas ionization profile monitor (JINR)
Multiwire Proport. Chamber Sec. Emission Grid Montr. Fiber Profile Monitor
38
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.8. Civil engineering
2 options:
1) building #205 C_collider ring
251 m
2) new tunnel + 4 buildings +
transfer lines
39
Collider location
in the building #205
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
Collider in the building
#205
2.8. Civil
engineering
1 м5 м
0.7 м
3 м
3 м
?
40
Stage I Nuclotron-М subproject and infrastructure (2008-2010) development
R&D programs Technical Design Reports on NICA and MPD
Stage II Design and manufacturing of NICA & MPD
(2008-2012) elements
Infrastructure development
Stage III Construction and assembling of (2010-2012) NICA & MPD
Stage IV NICA commissioning, MPD start-up (2013-2014)
2. Status of the development and design of the NICA elements
2.9. Project schedule
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Beginning of The Experiments –
2013 - 2014
NICA TDR – May 2009
41
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
3. Polarized beams in NICA
Energy, GeV 5 12
Proton number per bunch 6E10 1.5E10
Rms relative momentum spread 10E-3 10E-3
Rms bunch length, m 1.7 0.8
Rms (unnormalized) emittance, mmmrad
0.24 0.027
Beta-function in the IP, m 0.5 0.5
Lasslet tune shift 0.0074 0.0033
Beam-beam parameter 0.005 0.005
Number of bunches 10 10
Luminosity, cm-2∙s-1 1.1E30
11E30
Polarized proton beams parameters
42
SPD
B
Spin rotator
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Polarized beams polarization preservation3. Polarized beams in NICA
SPD
B
43
Particle a
p 1.792846
d -0.142978
Protons, 1 E 12 GeV (BL)solenoid 50 T∙m
Deuterons, 1 E 5 GeV/u (BL)solenoid 140 T∙m
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Polarized proton beams polarization preservation
3. Polarized beams in NICA
protons
deut
eron
s
1 3 5 7 9 11 130
50
100
150
200
BL_p E( )
BL_d E( )
E
200
150
BL [T∙m] 100
50
01 3 5 7 9 11 13
E [GeV/u]
Spin rotation in solenoid|| = a1
B
)BL(
ion
solenoid||
44
Spin rotator
B
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Polarized beams injection
3. Polarized beams in NICA
From NuclotronS
a1B
)BL(
ion
dipole
45
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Polarized beams injection
3. Polarized beams in NICA
protons
deuterons
1 3 5 7 9 11 132
3
4
5
66
2
Btr_L_p E( )
Btr_L_d E( )
131 E
6
5
BL [T∙m] 4
3
21 3 5 7 9 11 13
E [GeV/u]
Spin rotation in dipole = /2
a1B
)BL(
ion
dipole
Protons, 1 E 12 GeV (BL)dipole 3 T∙m
Deuterons, 1 E 5 GeV/u (BL)solenoid 5.8 T∙m
46
4. NICA Collaboration
Budker INP Booster RF system Booster electron
cooling Collider RF system Collider SC magnets (expertise) HV electron cooler
for collider
Electronics (?)
IHEP (Protvino) Injector Linac
FZ Jűlich (IKP) HV Electron
cooler Stochastic
cooling
GSI/FAIR
SC dipoles for Booster/SIS-100
SC dipoles for Collider/SIS-300 (?)
BNL (RHIC) Stoch. Cooling
Fermilab HV Electron
cooler
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
47
I.Meshkov, NICA Tech. Design Project Round Table III JINR, 5-6 November, 2008
Conclusion
The NICA project realization meets already and will meet in future many obstacles –both scientific/technical
and “political” ones.
But all they do not seem to be insoluble!
Спасибо за Ваше внимание!