1 Recent Trends in Agricultural R&D Investment and Capacity Levels in West and Central Africa 2 nd...

1

Recent Trends in Agricultural R&D Investment and Capacity Levels in West

and Central Africa

2nd West and Central African Agricultural Science WeekCotonou 24 May 2010

Gert-Jan Stads Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) initiative

www.asti.cgiar.org 2

ASTI survey in West and Central Africa

■ Updating datasets from 2000/2001■ Survey implemented in 16 WCA countries Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Rep. of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea,

Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo

■ Data collection currently completed in 11 countries■ Ongoing in Cameroon, Rep. of Congo, Gabon, Mali, Nigeria

■ 255 agencies surveyed ■ Crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries, postharvest, natural

resources, etc.■ Public and private sector


Long-term trends in agricultural R&D expenditures, 1981–2008

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

160.0

180.0

200.0

1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008

in m

illio

n 20

05 P

PP d

olla

rs

Côte d'Ivoire Ghana ARCN-Nigeria Senegal Others (8)


Agricultural R&D spending, 2000 and 2008

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200

GambiaGuinea

Sierra LeoneNiger

MauritaniaTogo

Burkina FasoBenin

SenegalCôte d'Ivoire

Ghana

ARCN- Nigeria

(in million 2005 PPP dollars)

2008 2000


Annual growth rates of agricultural R&D expenditures, 2000–2008

Ghana (+12.3%) Guinea (-10.5%)Sierra Leone (+7.6%) Burkina Faso (-3.0%)Gambia (+7.1%) Senegal (-1.7%)Benin (+5.6%) Togo (-1.5%)Côte d'Ivoire (+5.3%) Mauritania (-0.5%)Niger (+3.0%) Republic of CongoARCN-Nigeria (+2.8%) Gabon

Mali


Agricultural R&D expenditures as a share of agricultural GDP, 2008

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007

Agri

cultu

ral R

&D

exp

endi

ture

s as

a sh

are

of a

gric

ultu

ral G

DP

11 countries combined, 1986–2008

Mauritania (1.16%) Ghana (0.94%) Togo (0.47%)Senegal (0.92%) Burkina Faso (0.42%)Côte d'Ivoire (0.88%) Guinea (0.39%)Benin (0.73%) Sierra Leone (0.36%)Gambia (0.51%) Niger (0.17%)

> 1.0% 0.5 - 1.0% 0.0 - 0.5%


Agricultural R&D funding sources, 2008

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

INRAB-BeninINERA-Burkina FasoCNRA-Côte d'Ivoire

NARI-GambiaIER-Mali

CNRADA&CNERV-MauritaniaINRAN-NigerISRA-Senegal

SLARI-Sierra LeoneITRA-Togo

Total (10)

Government DonorsSale of goods and services Other


Relative shares of agricultural R&D funding sources, 2000 and 2008

2008 2000Note: Sample includes main agricultural R&D agencies of Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo.

41.2

30.4

27.4

0.9

33.9

40.5

23.8

1.8

Government

Donors

Sale of goods and services

Other


FTE agricultural R&D staff, 1981–2008

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008

full-

time

equi

vale

nt r

esea

rch

staff

Côte d'Ivoire Ghana ARCN-Nigeria Senegal Others (8)


FTE research staff, 2000 and 2008

0 200 400 600 800 1000

GambiaTogo

Sierra LeoneMauritania

NigerBenin


GuineaBurkina Faso

Ghana

ARCN- Nigeria

(full-time equivalent research staff)2008 2000


Institutional composition of agricultural R&D staff, 2008

0 200 400 600 800 1000

GambiaTogo

Sierra LeoneMauritania

NigerBenin


GuineaBurkina Faso

Ghana

ARCN-Nigeria

(full-time equivalent research staff)Main government agency Other governmentHigher education Nonprofit


Commodity and thematic R&D focus, 2008

Benin 5.6 % INRABBurkina Faso 5.7 % INERA, IRSATGambia 0.0 % –Ghana 2.5 % FORIG, CRI, Univ. of Cape Coast, Univ. for Development StudiesMauritania 0.3 % Univ. of NouakchottNiger 0.0 % –Senegal 5.9 % ITA, ENSASierra Leone 1.0 % SLARITogo 4.1 % ITRA

Total sample countries (9) 3.3 %

Share of postharvest research in total agricultural R&D, 2008

51%

10%

6%

8%8%

17%

Crops

Livestock

Forestry

Fisheries

Natural resources

Other


Other ASTI indicators

Timeseries data on degree levels of R&D staff

Timeseries data on cost categories (by salary, operating costs, capital costs)

Timeseries data on support staff totals (by technicians, administrative, and other support staff)

Data on gender of research staff and technicians

Focus on emerging research themes


In conclusion: Commonalities and diversity among countries

Benin Rapidly aging research staff. Stable government funding.Burkina Faso No large donor projects since 2004 completion of World Bank project. Rapidly aging scientist pool. Cameroon Stable R&D investment levels. Capacity erosion with 80% of IRAD's senior scientists due for

retirement during 2009-2012.Rep. of Congo Donors not returned since civil war in 1990s. Half of CNRST scientists expected to retire between

2010 and 2015. Côte d'Ivoire Stable R&D capacity and investment levels. R&D largely funded by private sector through FIRCA.Gabon Agricultural R&D no priority of national government and research severly underfunded. Stable

capacity levels.Gambia Falling capacity and investments levels since completion of large World Bank project in 1999.Ghana CSIR and CRIG spending doubled since 2001, mostly due to salary costs. Modest R&D capacity

growth.Guinea Severe cuts in government and donor funding. Researcher levels stable.Mali Stable R&D staff and spending levels; donor dependency is high. Main concern is aging R&D staff. Mauritania Relatively stable R&D capacity levels. Irregular spending pattern due to fluctuations in donor

funding to IMROP. Niger Severe funding crisis since completion of World Bank project in 1998. Rapidly aging scientist pool.ARCN–Nigeria Rapid increase in ARCN spending and capacity levels in recent years.Senegal Declining and aging scientist pool. Gradually decreasing government and donor funding.Sierra Leone Increased investments to rehabilite R&D infrastructure and hire and train research staff. Togo Falling R&D capacity. Irregular spending pattern due to fluctuations in donor funding to ITRA.


ASTI outputs in West and Central Africa

■ Country notes■ Data in-focus■ Sub-regional brief and report■ Updated datasets and country

profiles■ Country seminars

■ Regional brief and report■ In-depth capacity study■ In-depth funding study■ Regional workshops


http://asti.cgiar.orghttp://astinews.wordpress.com

Thank you

Merci

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