1 Pintupi, Language of Australia Words 2σ pána 3σ tjútaya 4σ málawana 5σ púliŋkalatju 6σ...

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Pintupi, Language of Australia

Words2σ pána

3σ tjútaya

4σ málawana

5σ púliŋkalatju

6σ tjámulimpatjuŋku

7σ tíliriŋulampatju

8σ kúranjululimpatjura

9σ yúmariŋkamaratjuraka

Gloss• ‘earth’• ‘many• ‘through’• ‘we (sat) on a hill’ • ‘our relation’• ‘the fire for our benefit flared up• ‘the first one (who is) our relation’• ‘because of mother-in-law’

Timestamp:July 25, 2005

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The Raw Pattern

• Main stress: always initial

• Secondaries follow on every other syllable

• Except the last, which is never stressed

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Structural Interpretation

• Feet are– Binary (σ σ)– Trochaic: (X x)

• Footing is– Left Aligned– As dense as possible, up to binarity

• The first foot is the head of the Prosodic Word

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Pintupi: structural analysis

Words

2σ pána

3σ tjútaya

4σ málawana

5σ púliŋkalatju

6σ tjámulimpatjuŋku

7σ tíliriŋulampatju

8σ kúranjululimpatjura

9σ yúmariŋkamaratjuraka

Pattern• (X x)• (X x) x• (X x) (X x)• (X x) (X x) x• (X x) (X x) (X x) • (X x) (X x) (X x) x• (X x) (X x) (X x) (X x)• (X x) (X x) (X x) (X x) x

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Relevant Constraints

• FtBin: feet consist of two syllables. *(σ)• Parse-σ: every syllable belongs to a foot: *σ not in F• All Feet Left: every foot is at the left edge.

– For each foot, * each σ intervening between it and left edge

• All Feet Right: every foot is at the right edge– For each foot, * each σ intervening between it and right edge

• Trochaic: feet are head-initial: *(x X)• Iambic: feet are head-final: *(X x)

• Constraints demanding that first or last foot be head in Prosodic Word (omitted from discussion).

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FtBin Parse-σ AFL AFR Trochaic Iambic remarks

W1 (X x) 0 0 0 0 0 1

L1.1 (x X) 0 0 0 0 1 0 *fact

W2 (X x) x 0 1 0 1 0 1

L2.1 x (X x) 0 1 1 0 0 1 *fact

L2.2 (X x)(X) 0 0 2 1 0 1 *fact

L2.3 (X) x x 1 2 0 2 0 0 *interp

W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.1 (X x) x x 0 2 0 2 0 1 *fact

L3.2 (X) x x x 1 3 0 3 0 0 *fact, *interp

L3.3 (X) x (X) x 2 2 2 4 0 0 *interp

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FtBin Parse-σ AFL AFR Trochaic Iambic

W1 (X x) 0 0 0 0 0 1

L1.1 (x X) 0 0 0 0 W 1 L 0

W2 (X x) x 0 1 0 1 0 1

L2.1 x (X x) 0 1 W 1 L 0 0 1

L2.2 (X x)(X) W 1 L 0 W 2 1 0 1

L2.3 (X) x x W 1 W 2 0 W 2 0 L 0

W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.1 (X x) x x 0 W 2 L 0 2 0 L 1

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W 3 L 0 W 3 0 L 0

L3.3 (X) x (X) x W 2 W 2 2 W 4 0 L 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.1 (X x) x x 0 W 2 L 0 2 0 L 1

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W

3 L 0 W 3 0 L 0

L3.3 (X) x (X) x W 2 W 2 2 W 4 0 L 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x 1 3 0 3 0 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 3 0 3 0 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W 3 0 3 0 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W 3 L 0 3 0 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W 3 L 0 W 3 0 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W 3 L 0 W 3 e 0 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W 3 L 0 W 3 e 0 L 0

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W3 (X x)(X x) 0 0 2 2 0 2

L3.2 (X) x x x W 1 W 3 L 0 W 3 0 L 0

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p1 W L

p2 W L

p3 W L W

p4 W W W L

p5 W L L

p6 W W L W L

p7 W W W L

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p1 W L

p2 W L

p3 W L W

p4 W W W L

p5 W L L

p6 W W L W L

p7 W W W L

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p1 W L

p2 W L

p3 W L W

p4 W W W L

p5 W L L

p6 W W L W L

p7 W W W L

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p1 W L

p2 W L

p3 W L W

p4 W W W L

p5 W L L

p6 W W L W L

p7 W W W L

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p1 W L

p2 W L

p3 W L W

p4 W W W L

p5 W L L

p6 W W L W L

p7 W W W L

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Entailments of p5


p5 W L L

p4 W W W L

p6 W W L W L

p7 W W W L

Check the L’s : L L, e, W ?

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Entailments of p5


p5 W L L

p4 W W e W L

p6 W W L W L

p7 W W e W L

Check the L’s : L L, e, W ?

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Entailments of p5


p5 e W L e e L

p4 W W W e L

p6 W W L W e L

p7 W W W e L

Check the e’s : e e, W ?

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Entailments of p5


p5 e W L e e L

p4 W W W e L

p6 W W L W e L

p7 W W W e L

Check the e’s : e e, W ?

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Entailments of p5


p5 e W L e e L

p4 W W W e L

p6 W W L W e L

p7 W W W e L

Check the W’s : W W ?

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Entailments of p5


p5 e W L e e L

p4 W W W e L

p6 W W L W e L

p7 W W W e L

Check the W’s : W W ?

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Reduced ERC set for Pintupi


p1 W L

p2 W L

p5 W L L

p3 W L W

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p1 W L

p2 W L

p5 W L L

p3 W L W

But p3 is disjunctive !

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Fusion to the Rescue


p5 W L L

p3 W L W

p3◦p5 W L L L

Disjunctivity eliminated !

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p1 W L

p2 W L

p5 W L L

p3◦p5 W L L L

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Eliminating L’s following from transitivity


p1 W L

p2 W L

p5 W L L

[α] W L

● Cleaner picture of local domination relations.NB: entirely legit by L-retraction!

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FtBin

p3◦p5

Parse-σ Trochaic

p5 p5 p1

AFL Iambic

p2

AFR

Pintupi rankings and their justifications

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[Optional] Challenge !

• We have assumed that Pintupi is trochaic.• We have seen no direct evidence for foot boundaries• They are inferred from the theory of prosodic structure.

• How solid is the inference?• Does Pintupi have a (lurking, bizarre) iambic analysis

under the constraints we’ve accepted??• Challenge: show that Pintupi cannot be iambic under

the constraints used here.

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What would Iambic Pintupi look like?

2σ pána (pá)na (X) x

3σ tjútaya (tjú)taya (X) x x

4σ málawana (má)(lawa)na (X) (x X) x

…and so on: same stress, different structures

The goal: show that such forms can’t all be optimal.

Find ERCs involving them that lead to inconsistency.

● No more than 2 ERCs are needed!

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For Example

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6

α:a~x L W L L

β:b~y W L L L

α○β L L L L

If you achieve success, and want me to look at it,Email your concise submission to [email protected]

No ranking can make both a and b optimal

1 Pintupi, Language of Australia Words 2σ pána 3σ tjútaya 4σ málawana 5σ púliŋkalatju 6σ...

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