#1 Online IoT meetup

11/18/2014 9:49 AM Megatris Comp. LLC

1F R A N C E S C O R A G OM E G A T R I S C O M P . L L C

IOT, IOT CONTEXTS AND

IOT ECOSYSTEMS

9/18/2014 9:49 AM Megatris Comp. LLC 2

Tell us what the futureholds, so we may knowthat you are gods.(Isaiah 41:23)

AN AFTERNOON SPEAKING ABOUT:

• IoT definition,

• Business Strategy for IoT ,

• IoT contexts and their “formal” definition,

• IoT ecosystems definition.


PRESENTATION PURPOSE

To share definitions and topics to create the common backgroud for future meetups.



IOT DEFINITION

SMALL THINGS COME WITH BIG

POTENTIAL

• The Internet of Things (IoT) intelligently connects devices, systems and humans all together. Imaginations are boundless and opportunities are infinite with IoT. It has potential to maximize value from connected devices and transform virtually every industry, locally as well as globally.


SOME OBJECTS


SMARTWATCH

• Does your wristwatch give extra capability of computing? Can it be a personal digital assistant device? Smart watches are wearable computers with a mobile OS and most of the features of a smartphone which communicates via Bluetooth.


SMART GLASS

• Using eye glasses for vision correction is the thing of the past!

Now they have grown smarter with computing capabilities

and connect to the internet with a transparent head-display

called ‘Augmented Reality.’ It supports wireless technologies

like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and GPS.


ACTIVITY TRACKER

• How keen are you in tracking your daily activities? Activity trackers are for improving overall health and fitness. They tell you about your calorie consumption, calories burned, sleep quality, heart rate, distance covered etc. Device formats are: Wristbands, armbands, shoes with built-in pedometers, smart watches, smart textiles, etc.


HEALTH MONITOR

• Wearable techs have made health monitoring easy for patients and clinicians. They are great tools for monitoring vital signs and other health parameters. The most common devices include heart rate/blood pressure monitors, blood glucose and pulse oximetry trackers, etc. Device formats include: Chest straps, clips, bands, watches, clothes, and so on.


WEARABLE CAMERA

• Clip it, wear it, or mount it—wearable cameras are smart enough to capture the images you want. They are great in weddings, picnics, dinner parties, and birthdays as it automatically capture the events. The devices incorporate computer elements, sensors, and other components and are used to capture images, video, and sound.


TYPES OF SENSORS


PERSONAL BENEFITS

• Enhanced fitness through fitness trackers

• Reduced health issues with the help of health monitoring devices

• Improved sleep quality through devices that track sleep patterns

• Organized lifestyle


BUSINESS BENEFITS

• Gathers accurate business data

• Create apps and customize the solutions for the device as per the business need

• Keeps the workforce mobile and up-to-date with latest business aspects

• Saves time and improves productivity



STATISTICS

SOME NUMBERS

• 30 billions• The number of connected (autonomous) things expected

to be part of the Internet of Things by 2020.

• 75%• Three-quarters of US companies (75%) are either actively

exploring the IoT or already using it.

• $7.3 trillions• The potential market size of the Internet of Things in 2017.



BUSINESS STRATEGY FOR IOT

BIG COMPANIES BUSINESS STRATEGY

• Cisco, IBM, HP, Intel, Microsoft argue that the Internet of Things is mainstream today

• Cisco is bullish on the economic value of what the IoT can bring, and what benefits users will have.

• IBM is taking a different approach establishing its presence in the 'Smarter Planet' campaign, where using the IoT sensors enables cities and businesses to run better under an IBM cloud and analytics approach.

• Intel will enable industry wide standards that use their silicon at the sensor level, while trying to make connectivity an open standard as ubiquitous as Wi-Fi, and in doing so take the complexity out of the 'plumbing.


SMALL COMPANIES BUSINESS

STRATEGY

• Smaller companies and startups are mostly innovating at the edges, creating new devices, new networking protocols, new batteries, etc. that will make up the IoT.

• Large market for Software Factories and Cloud Services provider to “glue” users to IoT and add value.



APPLICATIONS

APPLICATIONS

• Environmental

• Infrastructure Management

• Industrial Applications

• Energy Management

• Medical and Healthcare Systems

• Building and Home Automation

• Transport Systems



DEFINITION OF CONTEXT

DEFINITION

• Context is any information that can be used to characterize the situation of an entity. An entity is a person, place or an internet object that is considered relevant to the interaction between a user and an application, including the user and application themselves.


Anind K. Dey, Providing Architectural Support for Building Context-Aware Applications

DEFINITION

• A software system is context-aware if it uses context to provide relevant information and/or services to the user, where relevancy depends onthe user’s task.



Pregnant Woman

Event: marriage

anniversary

Supermarket offering sales

on baby products

Sauce for dinner

Age 32

Cholesterol 180

CONTEXT AWARENESS

• Smartphones come equipped with up to 18 different, pre-installed sensors. However, most of these sensors are engaged only with when the user is directly interacting with the phone which, for a typical user, amounts to only about 6 percent of the time.

• New software , enabled with context aware software, could engage some sensors 100 percent of the time: monitoring and learning about the consumer so that the software can actively “proact,” rather than passively interact, with its owner.

• Cloud Analytics interpret sensor data in an efficient way.


WHY CONTEXT AWARE

• One of the goals of a smart environment is that it supports and enhances the abilities of its interacting objects in executing tasks.

• A smart environment must be able to both detect the current state or context in the environment and determine what actions to take based on this context information.


A MATHEMATICAL DEFINITION

• Let B and A be the nonempty sets, R ⊆ B X A be an arbitrary binary relation. Triple (A,B,R) is said to be a formal context with a set of objects B and a set of their attributes A. Relationships between objects and their attributes are saved in the relation R (Ondrej Krdlo, Lubomir Antoni, Stanislav Krajci, Looking for

bonds between nonhomogeneous formal contexts).

• Mathematical concept behind :

• Concept Algebras

• Dicomplemented Lattices

• Contextual Logic



IOT ECOSYSTEMS

DEFINITION

• An IoT Ecosystem is a computerized system composed by multiple interacting intelligent objects within an environment.

• An Ecosystem includes a set of general or personal contexts depending on situations.


DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM


Objects Community

Objects Technology

Capabilities

Contexts History

ATTRIBUTES

• An IoT ecological community is a set of sympatric species of objects that actually or potentially compete in a local area for the same or similar resources. Interactions between these species form the first steps in analyzing more complex dynamics of ecosystems. • The word sympatric means that objects regularly interact

with one another.


IOT CONJECTURE: METCALFE'S LAW

APPLICABILITY TO ECOSYSTEMS

• Metcalfe's law states that the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system .

• It was originally presented, circa 1980, not in terms of users, but rather in terms of "compatible communicating devices" (for example, fax machines, telephones, etc.)


SENSE OF DIRECTION

• Definition: let

1. G=(V,E) be a graph where E is a set of edges and V set of nodes,

2. a set ∑ of labels,

3. a local orientation of x ∈ V as any injective function ��:E(x)→ ∑,

a system (G, �) has a weak sens of direction iff exists a coding function f.


MECHANISMS

• We define a mechanism of an ecosystem as a technical approach to address a particular responsibility of the environment.

• The mechanism serves essentially two kinds of activities related to levels:• Interaction Mediation. Several mechanisms provide objects

with powerful means to interact with each other in a flexible and reliable way. For example, a shared-memory allows agents to exchange data by posting and retrieving information in an uncoupled way (e.g. shared-memory as tuple-space (Gelernter and Carriero, 1992)).

• Resources and Context Management. Several mechanisms provide objects with means to acquire and manage resources or contextual information.


ECOSYSTEMS LIVE IN CLOUD

COMPUTING

• Cloud-computing providers put all their hardware eggs in one data-center basket [blue]. Others employ multiple data centers networked together [orange].


ECOSYSTEMS LIVE IN CLOUD

COMPUTING

• Gossip-based protocols are used to maintain an unstructured peer-to-peer network of individual computers. (Escape From the Data Center: The Promise of PtPCloud Computing by Ozalp Babaoglu & Moreno Marzolla,IEEE Spectrum 10.14)


CONCLUSION

OLD DARWIN


NEW DARWIN: HOMUS AMPLIFICATUS

(AUGMENTED)


#1 Online IoT meetup

Technology

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