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NIGERIA: Country Presentation on Child

Trafficking

M. BabandedeM. Babandede

Head, Investigation & Monitoring.Head, Investigation & Monitoring.

NAPTIP, NigeriaNAPTIP, Nigeria

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CRITICAL POINTS FOR DISCUSSIONCRITICAL POINTS FOR DISCUSSION

NIGERIA – COUNTRY STATUSNIGERIA – COUNTRY STATUS

NIGERIAN EFFORTSNIGERIAN EFFORTS

CHALLANGESCHALLANGES

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NIGERIA – COUNTRY STATUSNIGERIA – COUNTRY STATUS

A1. BackgroundA1. Background

A2. TIP StatusA2. TIP Status

04/10/23

NIGERIANIGERIA

Population - Above 124 million Size - 923,768.64 sq. km

States - 36 + Fed. Capital Territory LGA - 774

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A1. BackgroundA1. Background

Huge size with over 250 ethnic groupsHuge size with over 250 ethnic groups Characterized with constant ethnic and religious Characterized with constant ethnic and religious

conflictsconflicts Over 16years of military dictatorship - Over 16years of military dictatorship -

characterized by corruption, mismanagement, and characterized by corruption, mismanagement, and

institutionalizing democracy institutionalizing democracy With overdependence on oil revenue at the With overdependence on oil revenue at the

detriment of other sectorsdetriment of other sectors HIV/AIDS PrevalenceHIV/AIDS Prevalence - 5.0% (2003 est.) - 5.0% (2003 est.)

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A2. TIP StatusA2. TIP Status

Country of origin, transit and destinationCountry of origin, transit and destination with clients, recruiters & with clients, recruiters &

intermediariesintermediaries Nigeria on the U.S. ‘2-Tier Watch list’ Nigeria on the U.S. ‘2-Tier Watch list’

Thousands of Nigerian girls work Italian Thousands of Nigerian girls work Italian

sex industry. Many are found in Belgium, sex industry. Many are found in Belgium,

Ireland, Sweden, Denmark, U.K., Saudi Ireland, Sweden, Denmark, U.K., Saudi

Arabia, Libya and MoroccoArabia, Libya and Morocco

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Nigeria: ILO ReportNigeria: ILO Report

40% of street children are trafficked at national and international levels

40% of street children are trafficked at national and international levels

8million Nigerian children engaged in exploitative child labour

8million Nigerian children engaged in exploitative child labour

19% of children work in dangerous environment after school hours

19% of children work in dangerous environment after school hours

Over 124m64m children

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Nigeria - within the sub-regionNigeria - within the sub-region

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End use of VictimsEnd use of Victims

Domestic servantsDomestic servants Bus conductorsBus conductors Street tradingStreet trading Agricultural works/Brass meltingAgricultural works/Brass melting Prostitution in brothels/restaurantProstitution in brothels/restaurant Stone digging/ConstructionStone digging/Construction ScavengingScavenging Head loadersHead loaders Drug peddling, crime and youth violenceDrug peddling, crime and youth violence

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Recent FindingsRecent Findings

Trafficking -not always seasonal, but Trafficking -not always seasonal, but

most of the girls and madams return most of the girls and madams return

home at Christmas to take more girls home at Christmas to take more girls Ratio between girls and boys trafficked Ratio between girls and boys trafficked

is 7:3, while 50% of victims are children is 7:3, while 50% of victims are children

below 18below 18

Women and girls are mostly trafficked Women and girls are mostly trafficked

for sexual exploitation abroad for sexual exploitation abroad

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Recent Findings continuedRecent Findings continued

Children trafficked for forced labour to Gabon are Children trafficked for forced labour to Gabon are

surprisingly from two oil rich States in the southsurprisingly from two oil rich States in the south

Children trafficked to Saudi Arabia for begging, Children trafficked to Saudi Arabia for begging,

domestic help and sexual exploitation are domestic help and sexual exploitation are

predominantly from some States in the northpredominantly from some States in the north The Deaf & Dumb operate a trafficking ring. The Deaf & Dumb operate a trafficking ring.

Over 50% of the returnees are between 18-Over 50% of the returnees are between 18-

24years.24years.

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Recent FindingsRecent Findings

In order of prevalence, top returnee In order of prevalence, top returnee

countries are Italy, Spain, Belgium, Saudi countries are Italy, Spain, Belgium, Saudi

Arabia, The Netherlands, Libya, U.K, South Arabia, The Netherlands, Libya, U.K, South

Africa, Mali and Benin RepublicAfrica, Mali and Benin Republic

Internal trafficking - increasingly feeding Internal trafficking - increasingly feeding

the external trafficking due tothe external trafficking due to the high demand for child workers at the household the high demand for child workers at the household

level, agricultural, construction, quarries and brass level, agricultural, construction, quarries and brass

melting mostly in the informal sector.melting mostly in the informal sector.

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Recent FindingsRecent Findings

Security of traffickers/victims guarantee Security of traffickers/victims guarantee

through the voodoo menthrough the voodoo men

Cameroonians use Nigeria as transit Cameroonians use Nigeria as transit

country to be trafficked to Algeria via Nigercountry to be trafficked to Algeria via Niger

Togolese & Beniniose uses Nigeria as a Togolese & Beniniose uses Nigeria as a

transit country to Gabontransit country to Gabon

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Statistical analysis of Rehabilitated Statistical analysis of Rehabilitated

victims in year endingvictims in year ending 2004 by NAPTIP2004 by NAPTIP

NAPTIP 3, NAPTIP 3, Trading = 1, Sec. Sch..= 1, Trading = 1, Sec. Sch..= 1, Employed by NAPTIP= 1Employed by NAPTIP= 1

WOTCLEF 5,WOTCLEF 5, in Pry School. in Pry School.

IOMIOM 5, 5, Established Provision Stores = Established Provision Stores = 4, 4,

Sec. Sch. =1Sec. Sch. =1

ALNIMA ALNIMA 5 5 Training in hairdressingTraining in hairdressing

FAMILY RE-UNIONFAMILY RE-UNION = 14= 14

AWAITING REHABILITATIONAWAITING REHABILITATION = 20= 20

TOTAL NO OF VICTIMS = 52TOTAL NO OF VICTIMS = 52

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NAPTIPWOTCLEFIOM ALNIMA

FAMILY RE-UNION

AWAITING REHABILITATION

0

5

10

15

20

NO. OF VICTIMS

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ORGANISATION/ AGENCY

ANALYSIS OF REHABILITATED VICTIMS IN THE YEAR 2004

NAPTI P

WOTCLEF

I OM

ALNI MA

FAMI LY RE-UNI ON

AWAI TI NG REHABI LI TATI ON

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14

20

0

10

20

1

RE-UNITED VICTIMS AND THOSE AWAITING REHABILITATION

FAMILY RE-UNITED

AWAITINGREHABILITATION

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MODE OF REHABILITATION

10%

4%

8%

10%

2%

2%

27%

37%

PRIMARY SCHOOL

SECONDARYSCHOOL

ESTABLISHEDPROVISIONSTORES TRAINING INHAIRDRESSING

TRADING

EMPLOYED BYNAPTIP

FAMILY RE-UNION

AWAITINGREHABILITATION

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B. INVESTIGATIONS AND B. INVESTIGATIONS AND PROSECUTIONSPROSECUTIONS

NAPTIP has National Investigation Task NAPTIP has National Investigation Task Force (NITF) comprising Police, Force (NITF) comprising Police, Immigration and others established.Immigration and others established.

– – investigate, arrest, rescue and gather intelligenceinvestigate, arrest, rescue and gather intelligence

NPF has Anti – Human Trafficking Unit NPF has Anti – Human Trafficking Unit headed by an Ast. Commissioner – has headed by an Ast. Commissioner – has branches in 12 Statesbranches in 12 States

NIS has Anti – Human Trafficking Unit NIS has Anti – Human Trafficking Unit headed by a Comptroller of Immigration headed by a Comptroller of Immigration Service with branches in 13 border StatesService with branches in 13 border States

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InvestigationInvestigation

42 reported cases in 200442 reported cases in 2004 27 suspects interrogated27 suspects interrogated 8 arraigned in Courts (Benin City, 8 arraigned in Courts (Benin City,

Auchi, Uromi, Kano, Ilaro and Ibadan)Auchi, Uromi, Kano, Ilaro and Ibadan) One conviction on 19One conviction on 19thth November November

2004 (Sarah Okoye sentenced 3 2004 (Sarah Okoye sentenced 3 years)years)

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A CONVICTED HUMAN A CONVICTED HUMAN

TRAFFICKERTRAFFICKER..

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Investigations and prosecutions. Investigations and prosecutions. cont…cont…

This year the NITF is investigating six This year the NITF is investigating six reported cases involving eight traffickers . reported cases involving eight traffickers . One of the suspects being investigated One of the suspects being investigated was arrested while trying to collect a was arrested while trying to collect a parcel containing nude pictures of about parcel containing nude pictures of about 14 girls already trafficked to Spain for 14 girls already trafficked to Spain for prostitution. Other contents of the parcel prostitution. Other contents of the parcel include shaved pubic hairs, used include shaved pubic hairs, used menstrual pads with menstrual smears, menstrual pads with menstrual smears, cut finger nails, as well as copies of the cut finger nails, as well as copies of the terms of engagement of the respective terms of engagement of the respective girls and their masters (Madame).girls and their masters (Madame).

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Investigations and prosecutions. Investigations and prosecutions. cont…cont…

Ongoing investigation of a deaf and dumb Ongoing investigation of a deaf and dumb man who runs a ring of deaf and dumb man who runs a ring of deaf and dumb kidnappers throughout the country. The kidnappers throughout the country. The mode of operation used by the man and mode of operation used by the man and his gang is to send his men to fish out deaf his gang is to send his men to fish out deaf and dumb victims to be used as street and dumb victims to be used as street beggars. Investigation is at an advanced beggars. Investigation is at an advanced stage and he would soon be appearing in stage and he would soon be appearing in court.court.

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INVESTIGATIONS AND PROSECUTIONS. INVESTIGATIONS AND PROSECUTIONS. CONT…CONT…

The successful raiding of 2 Juju shrines in Edo The successful raiding of 2 Juju shrines in Edo State and their spiritual leaders arrested. In the State and their spiritual leaders arrested. In the successful raids, several photos of trafficked successful raids, several photos of trafficked victims, charms, records of clients and even victims, charms, records of clients and even photographs of European.photographs of European.

The Agency has helped in the rescue of over 69 The Agency has helped in the rescue of over 69 Beninioise children trafficked to Abeokuta in Ogun Beninioise children trafficked to Abeokuta in Ogun State, Nigeria and working in stone quarries. The State, Nigeria and working in stone quarries. The children were recovered and have since been children were recovered and have since been reunited with their families in Benin Republic.reunited with their families in Benin Republic.

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A Charm found in Voodoo ShrineA Charm found in Voodoo Shrine

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A European Photo found in the A European Photo found in the shrineshrine

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Voodoo Man arrested by NAPTIPVoodoo Man arrested by NAPTIP

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Rescue MissionsRescue Missions

In 2005 alone, the NITF has In 2005 alone, the NITF has intercepted 4 teams of travelers intercepted 4 teams of travelers across the Desertacross the Desert

Saved 5 Children from abuse & Saved 5 Children from abuse & exploitationexploitation

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Victim of abuse Victim of abuse

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Another victim of abuseAnother victim of abuse

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THE NATIONAL MONITORING THE NATIONAL MONITORING CENTRECENTRE

Donated by the Italian Govt.Donated by the Italian Govt. Capable of keeping picture, voice & Capable of keeping picture, voice &

other data of both suspects & victimsother data of both suspects & victims

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NATIONAL CONSULTATIVE NATIONAL CONSULTATIVE FORUMFORUM

Quarterly meeting with all Quarterly meeting with all StakeholdersStakeholders

Members consist of GO, NGOs & Members consist of GO, NGOs & CBOsCBOs

Serve as Advisory body and Serve as Advisory body and Harmonization centreHarmonization centre

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REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CO-REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIONOPERATION

On going Bilateral negotiations by NAPTIP On going Bilateral negotiations by NAPTIP with other corresponding agencies through with other corresponding agencies through their embassies in Nigeria, of countries their embassies in Nigeria, of countries where the trafficking in persons constitute where the trafficking in persons constitute transnational crimes which cannot be transnational crimes which cannot be prosecuted without the co-operation of prosecuted without the co-operation of other countries, particularly the neighboring other countries, particularly the neighboring transit and source countries as well as transit and source countries as well as destination countries. This is aimed at destination countries. This is aimed at developing a joint investigation and developing a joint investigation and information sharing mechanism in dealing information sharing mechanism in dealing with trafficking in persons cases.with trafficking in persons cases.

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REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CO-REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIONOPERATION

The negotiation of a Memorandum of The negotiation of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) in May 2004, by NAPTIP on a Understanding (MOU) in May 2004, by NAPTIP on a joint border patrol, investigation and process of joint border patrol, investigation and process of identifying victims of human trafficking, with Benin identifying victims of human trafficking, with Benin Republic. Though the MOU is yet to be signed, the Republic. Though the MOU is yet to be signed, the various parties have been working along the agreed various parties have been working along the agreed terms. Similar understanding is in the offing with terms. Similar understanding is in the offing with the Republic of Niger, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of Niger, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Chad Republic and Togo. We presently have an Chad Republic and Togo. We presently have an operational MOU with Italy and the United Kingdom operational MOU with Italy and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in that regard. of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in that regard. Spain, the Netherlands and Saudi Arabia are Spain, the Netherlands and Saudi Arabia are collaborating actively with the Agency in the areas collaborating actively with the Agency in the areas of information sharing and prosecution.of information sharing and prosecution.MOU with Italian Govt.MOU with Italian Govt.

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PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENTPUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENTAfter commencing operations After commencing operations effectively in February, 2004, the effectively in February, 2004, the Agency immediately embarked on an Agency immediately embarked on an education and sensitization tour of education and sensitization tour of eleven human trafficking endemic eleven human trafficking endemic states of the southern part of the states of the southern part of the country. The tour was sponsored by the country. The tour was sponsored by the United States Department of State, United States Department of State, Bureau for International Narcotic and Bureau for International Narcotic and Law Enforcement Affairs through the Law Enforcement Affairs through the UNICEF country office. UNICEF country office.

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PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENTPUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENT

The Agency, through the project , was able The Agency, through the project , was able to take the campaign against trafficking in to take the campaign against trafficking in persons to the grassroots and rallied the persons to the grassroots and rallied the support of the traditional rulers, security support of the traditional rulers, security chiefs, faith based groups, market women, chiefs, faith based groups, market women, government officials and people in position government officials and people in position of authorities. These groups among others of authorities. These groups among others were educated on the establishment of the were educated on the establishment of the Agency with the specific mandate to fight Agency with the specific mandate to fight the scourge of human trafficking as well as the scourge of human trafficking as well as the ills associated with the illicit trade and the ills associated with the illicit trade and the need to work in close collaboration the need to work in close collaboration with the Agency.with the Agency.

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PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENT PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENT Cont..Cont..

The gains of the tour were the creation of The gains of the tour were the creation of the anti-child trafficking network and the the anti-child trafficking network and the education and sensitization of the populace education and sensitization of the populace at the state and local council levels of all at the state and local council levels of all the states visited. At the later part of the the states visited. At the later part of the year, more states, particularly in the year, more states, particularly in the northern and eastern parts of the country northern and eastern parts of the country were visited.were visited.

Recently, the Agency launched its anti Recently, the Agency launched its anti human trafficking jingle on the national TV.human trafficking jingle on the national TV.

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PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENT PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENT Cont..Cont..

This jingle is aired three times This jingle is aired three times a day all through the week. a day all through the week. Anti –human trafficking Anti –human trafficking sensitization and educational sensitization and educational materials in the form of hand materials in the form of hand bills, stickers, leaflet and bills, stickers, leaflet and articles are being produced and articles are being produced and published to educate the public published to educate the public and canvas their support in the and canvas their support in the fight against human trafficking.fight against human trafficking.

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RESEARCHRESEARCH Mr. President, the Agency commissioned a research Mr. President, the Agency commissioned a research

study to identify the emerging trend in human study to identify the emerging trend in human trafficking, the reason's f or human trafficking and trafficking, the reason's f or human trafficking and whether some areas of the country are more prone or whether some areas of the country are more prone or vulnerable to human trafficking than others and if so vulnerable to human trafficking than others and if so why. why.

We have carried out Field Assessment Exercise in 11 We have carried out Field Assessment Exercise in 11 States in the South under the ‘Anti-Child Trafficking States in the South under the ‘Anti-Child Trafficking Network Project’ donated by US Bureau for Network Project’ donated by US Bureau for International Narcotic and Law Enforcement Affairs International Narcotic and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) and UNICEF. The findings in this research work (INL) and UNICEF. The findings in this research work are revealing. UNICEF is printing copies for are revealing. UNICEF is printing copies for dissemination to our local and international partners.dissemination to our local and international partners.

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Trafficking now on the national agendaTrafficking now on the national agendadue to support on research & advocacydue to support on research & advocacy

Trafficking now on the national agendaTrafficking now on the national agendadue to support on research & advocacydue to support on research & advocacy

Stakeholders coordinating Stakeholders coordinating mechanism establishedmechanism established

Stakeholders coordinating Stakeholders coordinating mechanism establishedmechanism established

Laws and implementing Laws and implementing & structures in place (NAPTIP)& structures in place (NAPTIP)

Laws and implementing Laws and implementing & structures in place (NAPTIP)& structures in place (NAPTIP)

Agreements drawn with Agreements drawn with destination countriesdestination countries

Agreements drawn with Agreements drawn with destination countriesdestination countries

Arrest, investigation, Arrest, investigation, prosecution/rehabilitationprosecution/rehabilitation

Arrest, investigation, Arrest, investigation, prosecution/rehabilitationprosecution/rehabilitation

Establishment of shelters and Youth Resource Centres

Establishment of shelters and Youth Resource Centres

AchievementsAchievementsAchievementsAchievements

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CHALLENGESCHALLENGES

Investigation & Intelligence too Investigation & Intelligence too expensiveexpensive

Judicial process is slowJudicial process is slow Resources for reintegration scarceResources for reintegration scarce Awareness for end users of victims lawAwareness for end users of victims law Penalties for end users negligiblePenalties for end users negligible International cooperation remained on International cooperation remained on

paper paper

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU