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Transcript of 1 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc....
![Page 1: 1 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chapter Ten Cardiovascular System.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e385503460f94b288e3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Chapter TenChapter Ten
Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular System
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2Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
QuoteQuote
““A good exercise for the heart is bending downA good exercise for the heart is bending down
and helping someone to get up.”and helping someone to get up.”
– – ProverbProverb
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3Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Functions and Specialty/SpecialistFunctions and Specialty/Specialist
FunctionsFunctions Transportation of Transportation of
substancessubstances• To cellsTo cells
Oxygen, nutrients, Oxygen, nutrients, other substancesother substances
• Away from cellsAway from cells Waste productsWaste products
SpecialtySpecialty CardiologyCardiology
SpecialistSpecialist CardiologistCardiologist
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4Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Pulmonary and Systemic CirculationPulmonary and Systemic Circulation
Role and routes of:Role and routes of: Pulmonary Pulmonary
circulationcirculation Systemic Systemic
circulationcirculation
Pulmonary and systemic circulation Pulmonary and systemic circulation
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Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation, Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation, (cont’d)(cont’d)
Vessels (vascul/o, angi/o, vas/o) Vessels (vascul/o, angi/o, vas/o) of the circulatory systemof the circulatory system Aorta (aort/o)Aorta (aort/o) Arteries (arteri/o)Arteries (arteri/o) Arterioles (arteriol/o)Arterioles (arteriol/o) Capillaries (capillar/o)Capillaries (capillar/o) Venules (venul/o)Venules (venul/o) Veins (ven/o, phleb/o)Veins (ven/o, phleb/o) Venae cavaeVenae cavae
Arteries, veins, capillaries Arteries, veins, capillaries
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6Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Anatomy of the Heart (cardi/o, Anatomy of the Heart (cardi/o, coron/o)coron/o)
LocationLocation PrecordiumPrecordium
SizeSize Blood supplyBlood supply
Coronary arteries Coronary arteries
CoronaryCoronaryarteriesarteries
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7Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Anatomy of the HeartAnatomy of the Heart
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8Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Anatomy of the Heart (cont’d)Anatomy of the Heart (cont’d)
ChambersChambers Atria (atri/o)Atria (atri/o) Ventricles (ventricul/o)Ventricles (ventricul/o) Septa (sept/o)Septa (sept/o)
LayersLayers Endocardium Endocardium
(endocardi/o)(endocardi/o) Myocardium (myocardi/o)Myocardium (myocardi/o) Pericardium (pericardi/o)Pericardium (pericardi/o)
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9Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
The upper chambers of the heart are the:The upper chambers of the heart are the:A. arteriolesA. arterioles
B. atriaB. atria
C. venulesC. venules
D. ventriclesD. ventricles
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10Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Blood Flow through the HeartBlood Flow through the Heart
Deoxygenated blood:Deoxygenated blood: Right atrium Right atrium tricuspid tricuspid
valve valve Right ventricle Right ventricle pulmonary pulmonary
semilunar semilunar valve valve
Pulmonary Pulmonary capillaries capillaries arteries of the arteries of the
lungs lungs
Oxygenated/deoxygenated Oxygenated/deoxygenated bloodblood
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11Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Blood Flow through the Heart Blood Flow through the Heart (cont’d)(cont’d)
Oxygenated bloodOxygenated blood
CapillariesCapillaries pulmonarypulmonaryof lungs of lungs veinsveins
Left Left bicuspid/ bicuspid/ atrium atrium mitral valve mitral valve
LeftLeft aortic aortic ventricleventricle semilunar semilunar
valve valve
AortaAorta
Route of blood in heartRoute of blood in heart
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Did You Know?Did You Know?
A good way to remember how the blood flows A good way to remember how the blood flows through the heart valves is to memorize the through the heart valves is to memorize the phrase “Try (tri) before you buy (bi).” In the phrase “Try (tri) before you buy (bi).” In the heart, blood flows through the tricuspid valve heart, blood flows through the tricuspid valve and then through the bicuspid (mitral) valve.and then through the bicuspid (mitral) valve.
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13Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Blood Flow through the Heart Blood Flow through the Heart (cont’d)(cont’d)
Ejection fractionEjection fraction Normal: approximately 65%Normal: approximately 65%
Heart rateHeart rate Beats per minute (BPM)Beats per minute (BPM) Normal: 60--100 bpmNormal: 60--100 bpm
Pulse pointsPulse points
Pulse pointsPulse points
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14Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
The Cardiac CycleThe Cardiac Cycle
Blood pressure (BP)Blood pressure (BP) SphygmomanometerSphygmomanometer
Electrical pathwayElectrical pathway Sinoatrial node (SA)Sinoatrial node (SA) Atrioventricular node (AV)Atrioventricular node (AV) Bundle of His/Bundle of His/
atrioventricular bundleatrioventricular bundle Purkinje fibersPurkinje fibers
Electrical conduction Electrical conduction pathways of the heart pathways of the heart
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15Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
The abbreviation for a normal heart rhythm is:The abbreviation for a normal heart rhythm is:A. AVA. AV
B. BPB. BP
C. NSRC. NSR
D. SAD. SA
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Terms Related to Cardiac Signs and Terms Related to Cardiac Signs and SymptomsSymptoms
Bradycardia vs. TachycardiaBradycardia vs. Tachycardia CardiodyniaCardiodynia
AtypicalAtypical IschemicIschemic
CardiomegalyCardiomegaly CyanosisCyanosis DiaphoresisDiaphoresis
ECGsECGsA, normal B, bradycardia C, tachycardiaA, normal B, bradycardia C, tachycardia
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Terms Related to Cardiac Signs and Terms Related to Cardiac Signs and Symptoms (cont’d)Symptoms (cont’d)
ClaudicationClaudication DyspneaDyspnea Dyspnea on exertion Dyspnea on exertion
(DOE)(DOE) EdemaEdema
Nausea and emesisNausea and emesis Bruit Bruit MurmurMurmur PallorPallor
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Terms Related to Cardiac Signs and Terms Related to Cardiac Signs and Symptoms (cont’d)Symptoms (cont’d)
PalpitationsPalpitations Pulmonary congestionPulmonary congestion Shortness of breath (SOB)Shortness of breath (SOB) SyncopeSyncope ThrillThrill Venous distensionVenous distension
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19Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
The term that means fainting is:The term that means fainting is:A. bruitA. bruit
B. diaphoresisB. diaphoresis
C. emesisC. emesis
D. syncopeD. syncope
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Terms Related to Congenital Terms Related to Congenital Disorders of the HeartDisorders of the Heart
Coarctation of the aortaCoarctation of the aorta Patent ductus arteriosus Patent ductus arteriosus
(PDA)(PDA) Septal defectSeptal defect
Atrial septal defect Atrial septal defect (ASD)(ASD)
Ventricular septal defect Ventricular septal defect (VSD)(VSD)
Tetralogy of FallotTetralogy of FallotCoarctation of the aortaCoarctation of the aorta
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Terms Related to Valvular Heart Terms Related to Valvular Heart DiseaseDisease
Aortic stenosis (AS)Aortic stenosis (AS) Mitral stenosis (MS)Mitral stenosis (MS) Tricuspid stenosis (TS)Tricuspid stenosis (TS)
Valvular heart diseaseValvular heart disease
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22Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Valvular Heart Terms Related to Valvular Heart Disease (cont’d)Disease (cont’d)
Mitral regurgitation Mitral regurgitation (MR)(MR)
Mitral valve prolapse Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)(MVP)
OrthopneaOrthopnea ValvulitisValvulitis
Mitral valve prolapseMitral valve prolapse
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Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac DysrhythmiasDysrhythmias
Dysrhythmia/ Dysrhythmia/ arrhythmiaarrhythmia
Ectopic beatsEctopic beats Atrial vs. VentricularAtrial vs. Ventricular
FibrillationFibrillation AtrialAtrial
• ParoxysmalParoxysmal VentricularVentricular
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24Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac Dysrhythmias (cont’d)Dysrhythmias (cont’d)
FlutterFlutter Heart blockHeart block
Atrioventricular blockAtrioventricular block Bundle branch block (BBB)Bundle branch block (BBB)
Sick sinus syndrome (SSS)Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) Ventricular tachycardiaVentricular tachycardia
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25Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Did You Know?Did You Know?
Research results show that men and women often Research results show that men and women often experience different heart attack symptoms. Although experience different heart attack symptoms. Although men are more likely to experience crushing pressure men are more likely to experience crushing pressure or pain, nausea, and shortness of breath, women or pain, nausea, and shortness of breath, women may not. Many women report extreme fatigue, may not. Many women report extreme fatigue, weakness, dizziness, and a cold sweat, along with weakness, dizziness, and a cold sweat, along with shortness of breath. Unfortunately, because most shortness of breath. Unfortunately, because most women are unaware that these symptoms may signal women are unaware that these symptoms may signal a life-threatening condition, they often delay seeking a life-threatening condition, they often delay seeking medical assistance.medical assistance.
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Terms Related to Other Disorders of Terms Related to Other Disorders of Coronary CirculationCoronary Circulation
Angina pectorisAngina pectoris Coronary artery Coronary artery
disease (CAD)disease (CAD) Myocardial Myocardial
infarction (MI)infarction (MI)
MyocardialMyocardialinfarction infarction
AnginaAnginapectorispectoris
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27Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
Extremely rapid and irregular heartbeats:Extremely rapid and irregular heartbeats:A. ectopic beatsA. ectopic beats
B. fibrillationB. fibrillation
C. flutterC. flutter
D. angina pectorisD. angina pectoris
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Terms Related to Other Cardiac Terms Related to Other Cardiac ConditionsConditions
Cardiac tamponadeCardiac tamponade CardiomyopathyCardiomyopathy Heart failure (HF)Heart failure (HF) EndocarditisEndocarditis PericarditisPericarditis
CardiomyopathyCardiomyopathy
From the CDCFrom the CDC
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29Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Did You Know?Did You Know?
Since 1900, cardiovascular disease has been Since 1900, cardiovascular disease has been the number one killer in the United States the number one killer in the United States every year except for 1918. Cardiovascular every year except for 1918. Cardiovascular disease claims almost 10,500 more lives disease claims almost 10,500 more lives each year than the next six leading causes of each year than the next six leading causes of death combined.death combined.
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Terms Related to Vascular DisordersTerms Related to Vascular Disorders
ArteriosclerosisArteriosclerosis AtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis
AneurysmAneurysm Esophageal Esophageal
varicesvarices HemorrhoidHemorrhoid
Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis
From Damjanov: Pathology for the health professions, ed 3, Mosby
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Terms Related to Vascular Disorders Terms Related to Vascular Disorders (cont’d) (cont’d)
HypertensionHypertension Primary/essentialPrimary/essential SecondarySecondary MalignantMalignant
HypotensionHypotension OrthostaticOrthostatic
Peripheral arterial Peripheral arterial occlusionocclusion
Peripheral vascular Peripheral vascular disorderdisorder
Complications of hypertensionComplications of hypertension
From Damjanov: Pathology for the health professions, ed 3, MosbyFrom Damjanov: Pathology for the health professions, ed 3, Mosby
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Terms Related to Vascular Disorders Terms Related to Vascular Disorders (cont’d) (cont’d)
Raynaud diseaseRaynaud disease ThrombophlebitisThrombophlebitis
DeepDeep SuperficialSuperficial
Varicose veinsVaricose veins VasculitisVasculitis
ThrombophlebitisThrombophlebitis
From Lewis: Medical-surgical nursing, ed 7, Mosby
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33Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
Inflammation of a vein with formation of a clot Inflammation of a vein with formation of a clot is:is:A. varicose veinsA. varicose veins
B. thrombophlebitisB. thrombophlebitis
C. claudicationC. claudication
D. Raynaud diseaseD. Raynaud disease
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Terms Related to Benign NeoplasmsTerms Related to Benign Neoplasms
Atrial myxomaAtrial myxoma HemangiomaHemangioma
HemangiomaHemangioma
From Zitelli: Atlas of pediatric physical diagnosis, ed 5, MosbyFrom Zitelli: Atlas of pediatric physical diagnosis, ed 5, Mosby
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Terms Related to Malignant Terms Related to Malignant NeoplasmsNeoplasms
Cardiac myxosarcomaCardiac myxosarcoma HemangiosarcomaHemangiosarcoma
Cardiac myxosarcoma
From Damjanov: Pathology for the health related professions, ed 3, Mosby
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36Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
A cancer of the cells that line the blood A cancer of the cells that line the blood vessels:vessels:A. atrial myxomaA. atrial myxoma
B. cardiac myxosarcomaB. cardiac myxosarcoma
C. hemangiomaC. hemangioma
D. hemangiosarcomaD. hemangiosarcoma
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Age MattersAge Matters
PediatricsPediatrics Congenital disordersCongenital disorders
GeriatricsGeriatrics HypertensionHypertension CADCAD MIMI ArrhythmiasArrhythmias PVDPVD
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Terms Related to General Diagnostic Terms Related to General Diagnostic ProceduresProcedures
Blood pressureBlood pressure SphygmomanometerSphygmomanometer
Auscultation and Auscultation and percussionpercussion StethoscopeStethoscope
SphygmomanometerSphygmomanometer
From the CDCFrom the CDC
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Terms Related to ImagingTerms Related to Imaging
EchocardiographyEchocardiography Transesophageal echocardiographyTransesophageal echocardiography
Exercise stress test Exercise stress test (EST)(EST)
Magnetic resonance Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)imaging (MRI)
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40Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)
MUGA scanMUGA scan Myocardial perfusion Myocardial perfusion
imagingimaging Positron emission Positron emission
tomography (PET)tomography (PET) RadiographyRadiography PhlebographyPhlebography
MUGA scanMUGA scan
From Frank et al: Merrill’s atlas, ed 11, Mosby From Frank et al: Merrill’s atlas, ed 11, Mosby
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41Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)
AngiocardiographyAngiocardiography Digital subtraction Digital subtraction
angiography (DSA)angiography (DSA)
DSADSA From Frank et al: Merrill’s atlas, ed 11, MosbyFrom Frank et al: Merrill’s atlas, ed 11, Mosby
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42Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)
Cardiac catheterizationCardiac catheterization Swan-Ganz catheterSwan-Ganz catheter
Cardiac catheterizationCardiac catheterization
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43Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)Terms Related to Imaging (cont’d)
Electrocardiography Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG)(ECG/EKG)
Holter monitorHolter monitor
Holter monitor
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44Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Laboratory TestsTerms Related to Laboratory Tests
Cardiac enzymes testsCardiac enzymes tests Lipid profileLipid profile PhlebotomyPhlebotomy
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45Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
What is the term for a portable EKG?What is the term for a portable EKG?A. angiocardiographyA. angiocardiography
B. digital subtraction angiographyB. digital subtraction angiography
C. Holter monitorC. Holter monitor
D. myocardial perfusion imagingD. myocardial perfusion imaging
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46Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac ProceduresProcedures
AtherectomyAtherectomy Laser angioplastyLaser angioplasty
Automatic implantable cardioverter-Automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD)defibrillator (AICD)
Cardiac defibrillatorCardiac defibrillator Cardiopulmonary Cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR)resuscitation (CPR) CommissurotomyCommissurotomy
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47Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac Procedures (cont’d)Procedures (cont’d)
Cardiac pacemakerCardiac pacemaker
Pacemakers Pacemakers
From Frank et al: Merrill’s atlas, ed 11, Mosby
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48Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac Procedures (cont’d)Procedures (cont’d)
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
CABGCABG
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49Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac Procedures (cont’d)Procedures (cont’d)
Extracorporeal circulation (ECC)Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) Heart transplantationHeart transplantation Left ventricular assist device (LVAD)Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) Minimally invasive direct coronary artery Minimally invasive direct coronary artery
bypass (MIDCAB)bypass (MIDCAB)
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50Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Did You Know?Did You Know?
Every year more than 2000 Americans receive a Every year more than 2000 Americans receive a heart transplant. Many more candidates die heart transplant. Many more candidates die each year for lack of donor organs. Research each year for lack of donor organs. Research continues in the development of an artificial continues in the development of an artificial heart.heart.
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51Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
The C in CABG stands for:The C in CABG stands for:A. cardiacA. cardiac
B. circulationB. circulation
C. coronaryC. coronary
D. corporealD. corporeal
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52Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac Procedures (cont’d)Procedures (cont’d)
Percutaneous transluminal coronary Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)angioplasty (PTCA) stentstent
PTCAPTCA
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53Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac Procedures (cont’d)Procedures (cont’d)
PericardiocentesisPericardiocentesis Port-access coronary artery bypass (PACAB)Port-access coronary artery bypass (PACAB)
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54Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Cardiac Terms Related to Cardiac Procedures (cont’d)Procedures (cont’d)
Radiofrequency Radiofrequency catheter ablation catheter ablation (RFA)(RFA)
Transmyocardial Transmyocardial revascularization revascularization (TMR)(TMR) AngiogenesisAngiogenesis
ValvuloplastyValvuloplastyValvuloplastyValvuloplasty
From Black and Hawks, Medical-surgical nursing, ed 7, SaundersFrom Black and Hawks, Medical-surgical nursing, ed 7, Saunders
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55Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Terms Related to Vascular Terms Related to Vascular ProceduresProcedures
Endovenous laser ablation (EVLT)Endovenous laser ablation (EVLT) HemorrhoidectomyHemorrhoidectomy Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) PhlebectomyPhlebectomy SclerotherapySclerotherapy
MicrosclerotherapyMicrosclerotherapy
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56Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
What is the term for a surgical puncture of the What is the term for a surgical puncture of the sac surrounding the heart?sac surrounding the heart?A. RFAA. RFA
B. TMRB. TMR
C. PTCAC. PTCA
D. pericardiocentesisD. pericardiocentesis
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57Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
PharmacologyPharmacology
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitorsinhibitors
Angiotension II receptor blocker (ARB) drugsAngiotension II receptor blocker (ARB) drugs Antiarrhythmic drugsAntiarrhythmic drugs AnticoagulantsAnticoagulants AntihyperlipidemicsAntihyperlipidemics
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58Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Pharmacology (cont’d)Pharmacology (cont’d)
Beta-blockersBeta-blockers Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) DiureticsDiuretics
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59Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Pharmacology (cont’d)Pharmacology (cont’d)
Nitrates (antianginals)Nitrates (antianginals) Routes of administrationRoutes of administration
• SublingualSublingual
• IntravascularIntravascular
• TransdermalTransdermal
ThrombolyticsThrombolytics
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60Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Clicker QuestionClicker Question
Which type of drug is used to lower Which type of drug is used to lower cholesterol levels?cholesterol levels?A. antihyperlipidemicsA. antihyperlipidemics
B. ACE inhibitorsB. ACE inhibitors
C. beta-blockersC. beta-blockers
D. nitratesD. nitrates
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61Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Sort these terms into their correct Sort these terms into their correct categoriescategories
TermsTerms
1. syncope1. syncope
2. extracorporeal circulation2. extracorporeal circulation
3. tetralogy of Fallot3. tetralogy of Fallot
4. phlebotomy4. phlebotomy
5. diastole5. diastole
CategoriesCategories
__ A+P__ A+P
__ Pathology__ Pathology
__ Diagnostic Procedures__ Diagnostic Procedures
__ Therapeutic __ Therapeutic InterventionsInterventions
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62Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2006, 2003, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Parting ThoughtParting Thought
““The challenge is in the moment; the time isThe challenge is in the moment; the time is
always now.”always now.”
– –James James BaldwinBaldwin