1. Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC Form ADV Part 2A … · Supplement dated October 16,...
Transcript of 1. Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC Form ADV Part 2A … · Supplement dated October 16,...
October 2018
This PDF document contains the following documents:
1. Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC
• Form ADV Part 2A Brochure (including Supplement datedOctober 16, 2018)
2. QS Investors, LLC
• Form ADV Part 2A Brochure
• Form ADV Part 2B Supplements
Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC - Form ADV Part
2A Brochure (including Supplement dated October 16, 2018)
Supplement dated October 16, 2018
To June 2018 Form ADV Disclosure Brochure of
Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC
relating to Portfolios for which QS Investors, LLC (“QS”) is the Sub-Adviser
This document supplements the accompanying Form ADV Disclosure Brochure (the
“Brochure”) of Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC (“LMPPG”) and its affiliated sub-
advisers, including ClearBridge Investments, LLC (“ClearBridge”) and Western Asset
Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”). Any inconsistent disclosure in the Brochure is
superseded by the contents of this document. Defined terms not defined herein shall have the
same meaning as in the Brochure.
Item 5 (FEES AND COMPENSATION)
LMPPG anticipates receiving advisory fees within the following ranges with respect to portfolios
for which QS, an affiliate of LMPPG, is the Sub-Adviser under both Discretionary Model
Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs:
Portfolio Annual Advisory Fee
Multi-Asset Class Portfolios .00 - .20%
QS Low Volatility High Dividend Equity Portfolio .20 - .40%
Each Multi-Asset Class Portfolio invests all or a portion of its assets in mutual funds and/or
ETFs that are managed or advised by Legg Mason affiliates, including QS and/or other Legg
Mason investment advisory affiliates, and that pay fees or other compensation to such Legg
Mason affiliates. Please see QS’ Form ADV Part 2A Brochure for more information. Such
fund-related compensation will not be credited against or offset the advisory fee agreed to by
LMPPG and the program sponsor unless such crediting or offset is required by contract or
applicable law. In cases where LMPPG receives no advisory fee or a very small advisory fee for
a Multi-Asset Class Portfolio due to the fund-related compensation that Legg Mason affiliates
will receive in connection with such portfolios, QS will provide compensation to LMPPG for its
services at a rate agreed to by QS and LMPPG.
Form ADV Disclosure Brochure June 27, 2018
This brochure is a Form ADV disclosure document of Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC (“LMPPG”) and two of its affiliated subadvisers (“Subadvisers”): ClearBridge Investments, LLC (“ClearBridge”) and Western Asset Management Company, LLC (“Western Asset”). LMPPG and the Subadvisers are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Legg Mason, Inc (“Legg Mason”).
This brochure is for clients that select, or are considering selecting, investment management portfolios that LMPPG, together with its Subadvisers, makes available in investment programs sponsored by certain unaffiliated financial firms (“Sponsor Firms”). This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of LMPPG and two of its Subadvisers, ClearBridge and Western Asset. It also provides information about the investment management portfolios for which ClearBridge or Western Asset provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG. When delivered to clients, this brochure includes an Appendix C identifying the ClearBridge and Western Asset personnel who serve as portfolio managers for the investment management portfolios described in Item 8 of this brochure for which ClearBridge or Western Asset provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG.
LMPPG may retain other subsidiaries of Legg Mason, in addition to ClearBridge and Western Asset, as Subadvisers. Information concerning investment management portfolios that LMPPG, together with such a Subadviser, makes available in investment programs sponsored by Sponsor Firms, as well as information concerning the qualifications and business practices of such Subadviser, is contained in such Subadviser’s separate Form ADV disclosure document.
This brochure provides information about the qualifications and business practices of Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC and its Subadvisers: ClearBridge Investments, LLC and Western Asset Management Company, LLC. If you have questions about the contents of this brochure, please contact us at (212) 805-2000. The information in this brochure has not been approved or verified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or by any state securities authority.
Additional information about Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC and each Subadviser is available on the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov. Investment adviser registration does not imply a certain level of skill or training.
LEGG MASON GLOBAL ASSET MANAGEMENT
Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC 620 8th Avenue New York, NY 10018 (212) 805-2000
ClearBridge Investments, LLC 620 8th Avenue New York, NY 10018 (212) 805-2000www.clearbridge.com
Western Asset Management Company, LLC 385 East Colorado Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 (626) 844-9400www.westernasset.com
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Item 2 MATERIAL CHANGES There have been no material changes to the brochure since the last annual update of the brochure (dated June 27, 2017). While there are no material changes to report, the following is a summary of the updates, enhancements and clarifications that were made to the brochure since the last annual update (dated June 27, 2017).
• The brochure reflects that LMPPG may retain certain other subsidiaries of Legg Mason, in addition to ClearBridge and Western Asset, as Subadvisers under investment programs sponsored by Sponsor Firms.
• In Item 4, the brochure reflects updates to the description of ClearBridge and Western Asset. The updated description of ClearBridge reflects that ClearBridge integrates Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) considerations into its fundamental research process across all strategies. The updated description of Western Asset reflects that Western Asset’s portfolio managers incorporate ESG considerations in their investment analysis and decision-making.
• In Item 5, the brochure reflects updates to the fee rate ranges for LMPPG-Implemented Programs, Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs and updates to LMPPG’s standard fee rates for certain investment management portfolios in Dual-Contract Programs. In Item 5, the brochure confirms that LMPPG’s fees in Dual-Contract Programs typically are calculated in accordance with procedures established by the client’s Sponsor Firm so that LMPPG’s fees are calculated following a methodology similar to that used in calculating the Sponsor Firm’s fee.
• In Items 5, 7 and 8, the brochure reflects the removal of Western Asset U.S. Managed Cash SMA portfolios as available investment management portfolios.
• In Item 7, the brochure reflects updates to the investment minimum for Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders.
• In Items 7 and 8, the brochure reflects the addition of ClearBridge Dynamic MDA Global Growth and Value ESG and ClearBridge Dynamic MDA U.S. Dividend Balanced ESG portfolios as available investment management portfolios.
• In Item 8, the brochure reflects that ClearBridge Equity Income portfolios are managed as ClearBridge Private Client Management accounts.
• In Item 12, the brochure has been updated to reflect the fact that in selecting broker-dealers to execute securities transactions on behalf of client accounts, neither LMPPG nor Western Asset considers any tradeaway, stepout, prime brokerage, clearing, settlement or similar processing charges and fees charged by a Sponsor Firm or a Designated Broker on trades executed away from the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker.
• In Item 12, the brochure has been updated to reflect the fact that LMPPG reserves the ability, in cases where a Sub-Adviser’s investment strategy is included in a single LMPPG-Implemented Program, to execute model change equity trades for client accounts with the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker if LMPPG determines that doing so would be consistent with best execution.
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Item 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1 – COVER PAGE .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Item 2 – MATERIAL CHANGES .............................................................................................................................................. 2 Item 3 – TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Item 4 – ADVISORY BUSINESS ............................................................................................................................................... 5
A. LMPPG ........................................................................................................................................................................ 5 B. ClearBridge ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 C. Western Asset .............................................................................................................................................................. 6 D. Other Subadvisers ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 E. Wrap Fee Programs .................................................................................................................................................... 8 F. Individual Client Needs .............................................................................................................................................. 9
Item 5 – FEES AND COMPENSATION ................................................................................................................................... 11
A. Compensation of LMPPG and the Subadvisers ........................................................................................................ 11 B. Other Fees and Expenses ........................................................................................................................................... 14
Item 6 – PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT ........................................................... 15
A. Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management ......................................................................................... 15 B. Additional Side-by-Side Management Information ................................................................................................... 16
Item 7 – TYPES OF CLIENTS................................................................................................................................................... 17
A. Clients .......................................................................................................................................................................... 17 B. Investment Minimums ................................................................................................................................................ 17
Item 8 – METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS ........................................... 20
A. Investment Management Portfolios: Descriptions and Main Risks .......................................................................... 21 B. Custom Asset Management ........................................................................................................................................ 44 C. Certain Additional Information .................................................................................................................................. 46
Item 9 – DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................. 48 Item 10 – OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS ........................................................... 49
A. Certain Arrangements and Relationships with Affiliates .......................................................................................... 49 B. LMPPG and the Subadvisers: Commodity Law-Related Status ................................................................................ 50 C. Other Subadvisers ....................................................................................................................................................... 50
Item 11 – CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING .................................................................................................................................................................................. 51
A. LMPPG ........................................................................................................................................................................ 51 B. ClearBridge ................................................................................................................................................................. 51 C. Western Asset .............................................................................................................................................................. 52 D. Discussion of Potential Conflicts of Interest Associated with Employee Personal Trading .................................... 52 E. Discussion of Potential Conflicts of Interest Associated with Proprietary Accounts ............................................... 53 F. Other Potential Conflicts of Interest .......................................................................................................................... 53 G. Other Subadvisers ....................................................................................................................................................... 53
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Item 12 – BROKERAGE PRACTICES .................................................................................................................................... 54
A. LMPPG ........................................................................................................................................................................ 54 B. ClearBridge’s Communication of Investment Instructions to LMPPG .................................................................... 58 C. Western Asset .............................................................................................................................................................. 58 D. Other Subadvisers ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 E. Error Policies .............................................................................................................................................................. 60
Item 13 – REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS ........................................................................................................................................ 61
A. LMPPG ........................................................................................................................................................................ 61 B. ClearBridge ................................................................................................................................................................. 61 C. Western Asset .............................................................................................................................................................. 61
Item 14 – CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION ................................................................................... 63 Item 15 – CUSTODY ................................................................................................................................................................... 64 Item 16 – INVESTMENT DISCRETION ................................................................................................................................. 65 Item 17 – VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES ............................................................................................................................ 66
A. LMPPG........................................................................................................................................................................ 66 B. ClearBridge ................................................................................................................................................................. 66 C. Western Asset .............................................................................................................................................................. 67 D. Other Subadvisers ....................................................................................................................................................... 68
Item 18 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................................ 69
Appendix A – PRIVACY NOTICES Appendix B – EXPLANATIONS OF CERTAIN INVESTMENT RISKS
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Item 4 ADVISORY BUSINESS A. LMPPG Firm Description. LMPPG is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., a publicly traded company, and has provided separate account investment advisory services since April 2007. Before April 2007, the business now conducted by LMPPG was conducted by certain other Legg Mason, Inc. subsidiaries and, prior to December 2005, by certain Citigroup Inc. affiliates. LMPPG and Legg Mason, Inc. are not affiliated with Citigroup Inc. Types of Advisory Services. LMPPG, together with the Subadvisers, provides investment advisory services primarily in investment programs sponsored by Sponsor Firms. The investment advisory services LMPPG and the Subadvisers provide differ depending on the type of Sponsor Firm investment program in which a client participates.
• LMPPG-Implemented Programs. In these programs, LMPPG has investment discretion and responsibility for applying Subadviser investment advice to client accounts. LMPPG delegates its investment discretion to the Subadviser(s) for the investment management portfolio selected for the client’s account. LMPPG may also delegate its responsibility to apply investment advice to such Subadviser(s).
• Discretionary Model Programs. In these programs, LMPPG has investment discretion, which it delegates
to the applicable Subadviser(s), but not responsibility for applying investment advice to client accounts. LMPPG forwards Subadviser investment advice to the Sponsor Firm, which agrees to apply the advice to client accounts.
• Non-Discretionary Model Programs. In these programs, LMPPG forwards Subadviser investment advice
to the Sponsor Firm, which exercises discretion over client accounts and decides whether to apply this investment advice to client accounts. LMPPG does not have investment discretion or responsibility for applying investment advice to client accounts, and does not have an investment advisory relationship with clients in these programs.
Subadvisers other than ClearBridge and Western Asset provide, in conjunction with LMPPG, investment advisory services primarily under Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs, but may also provide such services under LMPPG-Implemented Programs. In all types of programs, Subadviser investment advice is consistent with the selected investment management portfolio. LMPPG Assets Under Management. As of March 31, 2018, LMPPG managed:
• approximately $52,613,567,332* in assets on a discretionary basis, and • approximately $23,390,670,125* in assets on a non-discretionary basis.
Assets managed on a discretionary basis are client assets for which LMPPG provides investment advisory services in LMPPG-Implemented Programs and Discretionary Model Programs. Assets managed on a non-discretionary basis are client assets for which LMPPG provides investment advisory services in Non-Discretionary Model Programs. B. ClearBridge Firm Description. ClearBridge is a leading global equity manager committed to delivering long-term results through authentic active management, as it has for more than 50 years, by offering investment solutions that emphasize differentiated, bottom-up stock selection. Owned by Legg Mason, ClearBridge operates with investment independence from headquarters in New York and offices in Baltimore, London, San Francisco and Wilmington. ClearBridge’s active approach combines the market knowledge of long tenured portfolio managers with the original research of a specialized group of sector and portfolio analysts and the deep diligence of a dedicated risk management team. The firm offers strategies focused on three primary client objectives in its areas of proven expertise: high active share, income solutions and low volatility. ClearBridge
* These numbers are rounded to the nearest 100,000.
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integrates Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) considerations into its fundamental research process across all strategies. Types of Advisory Services. ClearBridge provides investment advisory services in multiple formats, including institutional and retail separate accounts and mutual funds and other commingled investment vehicles. This brochure is the applicable ClearBridge Form ADV disclosure document only for the separate account investment advisory services ClearBridge provides as a Subadviser to LMPPG. ClearBridge Assets Under Management. As of March 31, 2018, ClearBridge managed:
• approximately $112,214,963,877* in assets on a discretionary basis, and • approximately $18,254,206,340* in assets on a non-discretionary basis.
Assets managed on a discretionary basis include client assets for which ClearBridge, as Subadviser to LMPPG, provides investment advisory services in LMPPG-Implemented Programs and Discretionary Model Programs. Assets managed on a non-discretionary basis include client assets for which ClearBridge, as Subadviser to LMPPG, provides investment advisory services in Non-Discretionary Model Programs. In addition, both categories of managed assets include client assets for which ClearBridge provides investment advisory services other than as a Subadviser to LMPPG. C. Western Asset Firm Description. Western Asset is one of the world’s leading investment management firms. Its sole business is managing fixed income portfolios, an activity it has pursued for over 40 years. Western Asset was founded in October 1971 by United California Bank (which later became First Interstate) before relocating to Pasadena, California, where it is currently headquartered. In December 1986, Western Asset was acquired by Legg Mason, an NYSE-listed, independent asset management firm based in Baltimore, Maryland. Western Asset operates as an autonomous investment management company. Western Asset has entered into a revenue-sharing agreement with Legg Mason, Inc. that allows Western Asset to retain control over a substantial percentage of its revenues. Western Asset seeks to provide clients with diversified, tightly controlled, value-oriented portfolios. Western Asset’s overall investment approach emphasizes the use of multiple strategies and active sector rotation and issue selection, while constraining overall interest rate risk relative to the benchmark. Western Asset typically implements this philosophy by applying the following approaches: • Long-term fundamental value. Long-term value investing is Western Asset’s fundamental approach. Western Asset
seeks out the greatest long-term value by analyzing eligible fixed income market sectors and rotating to those sectors it considers most attractive.
• Multiple diversified strategies. Western Asset employs multiple diversified strategies, proportioned so that one or two investments or a single adverse market event should not have an overwhelming effect. Western Asset believes this approach can add incremental value over time and can help to reduce volatility.
Western Asset’s fixed income investment discipline emphasizes a cohesive team approach in which groups of specialists dedicated to different market sectors constantly interact. The sector teams are comprised of Western Asset’s senior portfolio managers and research analysts and an in-house economist. These individuals are highly skilled and experienced in all major areas of the fixed income securities market. They exchange views on a daily basis and meet more formally twice each month to review Western Asset’s economic outlook and overall investment strategy. This structure seeks to ensure that client portfolios benefit from a consensus that draws on the expertise of all team members. The strategic goal at Western Asset is to add value to client portfolios while adhering to a disciplined risk control process. With this process the management team seeks to exceed benchmark returns while approximating benchmark risk. Western Asset’s investment philosophy combines traditional analysis with innovative technology applied to all sectors of the market.
* These numbers are rounded to the nearest 100,000.
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Western Asset believes inefficiencies exist in the fixed-income markets and attempts to add incremental value by exploiting these inefficiencies across all eligible market sectors. The key areas of focus are:
• Sector & Sub-Sector Allocation • Issue Selection • Duration • Term Structure
These areas represent the primary sources of value added in active fixed-income management. Different investment approaches result from the relative weight attributed to each factor. Historical analyses of performance attribution indicate that Sector Allocation and Issue Selection contribute the majority of value added by Western Asset, while Duration and Term Structure decisions account for the remainder. Sector & Sub-Sector Allocation – Western Asset rotates among and within sectors of the bond market, preferring non-government sectors because they typically offer higher relative yields and have tended to outperform the broad markets over long market cycles. The investment team analyzes the global economic environment to determine the potential impact on sector performance. They study historical yield spreads, identify the fundamental factors that influence yield spread relationships, and relate these findings to Western Asset’s projections to determine attractive alternatives. Western Asset’s analysts continually augment this process by providing detailed analyses of specific sectors. Corporate analysis includes assiduous credit quality studies and historical yield spread analysis. Mortgage analysis includes the use of external research which integrates the components of prepayment, housing turnover, default, and refinancing. In addition, non-US investment-grade sovereigns, high yield, and/or emerging markets are used opportunistically as additional sectors within the US mandate. Any foreign investments may be held on a hedged or unhedged basis, according to client guidelines and current Western Asset strategy. From a global perspective, Western Asset analyzes the projected economic environment in a wide range of countries to determine how this will affect the market behavior of the various sectors worldwide. Issue Selection – Issue selection is a bottom-up process to determine mispriced or undervalued securities. The sector teams provide an ongoing assessment of changing credit characteristics and of securities with characteristics such as floating interest rates, hidden underlying assets or credit backing and securities issued in mergers. Also assessed are newly issued securities. Armed with these sector and issue analyses, the sector teams and portfolio manager select issues opportunistically. Corporate bonds have long been an area of significant added value for Western Asset. While Western Asset concentrates on investment-grade securities, its analysts have proven very successful in analyzing lower grade credits. Securities rated at the lower end (BBB) of the investment grade scale, and, where allowed, those at the higher ranges below that (BB), have proven particularly attractive. It is anticipated that these securities will continue to offer exceptional risk-adjusted opportunities. Western Asset believes that authority to use at least the full range of investment grade credit, when combined with proper risk control guidelines, is a prudent exercise of fiduciary responsibility. Duration –The investment team decides on a duration target based on a comprehensive analysis of macroeconomic factors as well as the general political environment. The underlying belief is that interest rates are primarily determined by the level and direction of inflation, and that inflation is primarily a monetary phenomenon. The investment team weighs its views against market expectations, taking on more risk as its views diverge from the market and less risk as they converge. The consensus is not to attempt to time the market, but rather to identify and stay with long-term trends. Term Structure – Western Asset closely monitors shifts in yield curves, for the relationship between short, intermediate and long maturity securities is essential to constructing a long-term investment horizon. The investment team determines the implications of yield curve shape, along with projections of central bank policy and market expectations, and formulates a yield curve strategy to be implemented by the portfolio managers. Given the excessive market volatility over the last several years, Western Asset’s yield curve strategies have proven to be an important source of value added. Risk is managed by controlling term structure relative to a target portfolio and by assessing the convexity of Western Asset’s holdings.
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Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) and Principles for Responsible Investing (“PRI”) – ESG factors can affect the creditworthiness of fixed-income issuers’ securities and therefore impact the performance of fixed-income investment portfolios. Accordingly, Western Asset’s portfolio managers incorporate ESG considerations in their investment analysis and decision-making as a matter of good investment principle. Western Asset has adopted an ESG investment policy that seeks to reflect the changing environment in which Western Asset and its clients operate, and incorporates ESG considerations into its credit analysis of corporate bond and other debt issuers. Western Asset is also a signatory to the United Nations–supported PRI initiative—an international network of investors collaborating to put the six Principles for Responsible investing into practice. For investors acting in a fiduciary role, the Principles demonstrate the belief that ESG issues can affect the performance of investment portfolios. In implementing these Principles, signatories contribute to the development of a more sustainable global financial system. Western Asset, as a fixed-income manager, is not an asset-owner but as a PRI signatory, commits to the Principles where consistent with its fiduciary responsibility. Types of Advisory Services. Western Asset provides investment advisory services in multiple formats, including separate accounts and mutual funds and other commingled investment vehicles. This brochure is the applicable Western Asset Form ADV disclosure document for the separate account investment advisory services Western Asset provides as a Subadviser to LMPPG. Western Asset Assets Under Management. As of March 31, 2018, Western Asset managed:
• approximately $425,295,259,438* in assets on a discretionary basis, and • approximately $5,784,016,698* in assets on a non-discretionary basis.
Assets managed on a discretionary basis include client assets for which Western Asset, as Subadviser to LMPPG, provides investment advisory services in LMPPG-Implemented Programs and Discretionary Model Programs. This category of managed assets also includes client assets for which Western Asset provides discretionary investment advisory services other than as a Subadviser to LMPPG. Assets managed on a non-discretionary basis include client assets for which Western Asset, as Subadviser to LMPPG, provides investment advisory services in Non-Discretionary Model Programs. D. Other Subadvisers In the case of a Sub-Adviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of such Subadviser’s advisory business. E. Wrap Fee Programs Certain Sponsor Firm investment programs for which LMPPG and the Subadvisers provide investment advisory services are wrap fee programs in which LMPPG receives (from the Sponsor Firm) a portion of the wrap fees clients pay to the Sponsor Firm. LMPPG typically pays all or part of the compensation it receives to the Subadvisers as compensation for the investment advisory services they provide for the program. For additional information on LMPPG and Subadviser compensation, see Item 5 in this brochure. The investment advisory services the Subadvisers provide in Sponsor Firm investment programs, including wrap fee and non-wrap fee programs, generally differ from the investment advisory services the Subadvisers provide to clients outside such programs in one or more of the following ways:
1. The Subadvisers’ investment advisory services for clients in Sponsor Firm investment programs generally involve investments only in publicly-traded equity securities, fixed income securities, and/or cash equivalents, while their investment advisory services for other clients may involve additional strategies and investments, such as short selling, privately-offered securities and derivatives (e.g., options, futures, currency forward contracts and swaps).
* These numbers are rounded to the nearest 100,000.
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2. ClearBridge’s investment advisory service for clients in Sponsor Firm investment programs generally do not involve investments in initial or secondary offerings of equity securities because, as a practical matter, it is unlikely LMPPG would be able to obtain allocations in such offerings for LMPPG-Implemented Program clients (ClearBridge may invest assets of its non-LMPPG clients in such offerings);
3. The Subadvisers’ investment advisory services for clients outside of Sponsor Firm investment programs may
involve different investment strategies or investments in a larger or smaller number of securities than the Subadvisers include in the investment management portfolios they provide to clients in Sponsor Firm investment programs.
4. For separately managed accounts outside of Sponsor Firm investment programs, the Subadvisers may be able
to tailor the investment advisory services they provide more closely to client needs and preferences, as reflected in client investment guidelines and client restrictions.
5. A Subadviser may provide regular reports to clients outside of Sponsor Firm investment programs. As
described in Item 13 below, LMPPG and the Subadvisers typically do not provide such reports to clients in Sponsor Firm investment programs.
A Subadviser may make available certain of its investment strategies and investment advisory services only (i) in a closed or open end fund or other commingled investment vehicle, and/or (ii) to clients that meet the Subadviser’s requirements for entering into an investment advisory agreement directly with the Subadviser (including, potentially, minimum investment and client qualification requirements). F. Individual Client Needs In addition to providing investment management portfolios that reflect a wide range of investment strategies, LMPPG and the Subadvisers may tailor the investment services they provide more closely to the individual needs of clients as described below. Client Restrictions. For client accounts in LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG accepts client-imposed restrictions on management if LMPPG and the applicable Subadviser, in their discretion, determine that the proposed restriction is reasonably practical as an investment and operational matter. Subject to this standard, clients in LMPPG-Implemented Programs may impose restrictions on investments in specific securities (e.g., stock of Company ABC) or on investments in certain categories of securities (e.g., tobacco company stocks). Where a client restricts investment in a category of securities, LMPPG and the applicable Subadviser determine in their discretion the specific securities in the restricted category. LMPPG relies on the client’s Sponsor Firm to notify LMPPG of any restrictions desired by clients. In LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG applies client account restrictions it accepts (other than for accounts that select ESG investment management portfolios – see Item 8 below) only at the time of purchase, and does not apply these restrictions to securities transferred into the account, securities already held in the account at the time the restriction is imposed, securities that first come within a restriction following purchase of such securities, and securities acquired as a result of corporate actions (e.g., stock splits, stock dividends). Directed Sales and Temporary ETF Investments. A client in a LMPPG-Implemented Program may direct LMPPG to sell particular securities or types of securities held in the client’s account by contacting his or her Sponsor Firm. LMPPG seeks to begin implementing sell directions no later than the close of business on the business day after LMPPG receives the direction in proper form from the client’s Sponsor Firm (LMPPG determines what constitutes proper form). LMPPG generally does not implement sell directions immediately upon receipt. As a result, the proceeds from a directed sale may be more or less than the client would have received had LMPPG implemented the sell direction immediately. In connection with a client-directed sale of securities, LMPPG in its sole discretion may accept and implement a client direction to temporarily invest the sale proceeds in an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). Such directions involve an increased risk of loss (or missed gains) to the client relative to client accounts for which such directions are not given. Neither LMPPG nor any of its affiliates, including the Subadvisers, will have any responsibility for the suitability or performance of any client-directed ETF investments. LMPPG will be responsible only for implementing any directions it accepts to make such
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investments, subject to any account-, security- or tax lot-level realized loss or gain minimums LMPPG establishes from time to time. ETFs are unmanaged funds that typically represent U.S. securities markets, industry and market capitalization sectors, non-U.S. country and regional markets, and other types of non-U.S. securities markets and market sectors (e.g., emerging markets). ETFs generally are subject to the same investments risks associated with the underlying securities they represent. Refer to Appendix B to this brochure for explanations of certain types of investment risks. Also, in addition to fees charged at the account level, a client will bear a proportionate share of the separate fees and expenses incurred by any ETF held in the client’s account. Custom Services. LMPPG and a Subadviser may agree to further tailor to client needs the investment advisory services they provide, including as part of the Custom Asset Management services described in Item 8 of this brochure.
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Item 5 FEES AND COMPENSATION A. Compensation of Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC and the Subadvisers
How LMPPG is compensated for the services LMPPG and the Subadvisers provide in an investment program depends on whether the program is a Single-Contract Program or a Dual-Contract Program. In Single-Contract Programs and Dual-Contract Programs, LMPPG pays the Subadvisers all or a portion of the fees LMPPG receives as compensation for the Subadvisers’ services. LMPPG Compensation in Single-Contract Programs. In a Single-Contract Program, the client does not enter into an agreement directly with LMPPG. Instead, the client enters into an agreement with the client’s Sponsor Firm that covers investment advisory services LMPPG and one or more Subadvisers provide and also certain investment services the Sponsor Firm provides. The client pays the Sponsor Firm fees for all the services under such agreement. The Sponsor Firm, in turn, compensates LMPPG for the investment advisory services LMPPG and the applicable Subadviser(s) provide. The fees paid to LMPPG by a Sponsor Firm under a program are dependent upon a variety of factors, including without limitation the size of the program, the portfolio selected by the client, Sponsor Firm administrative requirements, Sponsor Firm parameters for compensation of participating managers or advisers, and the nature and extent of the responsibilities of and services provided by each of the Sponsor Firm and LMPPG and its Subadvisers under the program. A Sponsor Firm and LMPPG may agree to a fee rate with respect to a particular account under a Single-Contract Program that is lower than the standard fee rate at which LMPPG is compensated by the Sponsor Firm under such Single-Contract Program. Such fee concessions are very unusual and agreed to by LMPPG only in special circumstances, e.g. in the case of accounts with unusually large asset levels. In addition, a Sponsor Firm and LMPPG may agree to a fee rate with respect to a particular account under a Single-Contract Program that is higher than the fee rate at which LMPPG is compensated under such Single-Contract Program based on such account’s unique servicing needs and compliance requirements. The fees paid to LMPPG in LMPPG-Implemented Programs, where LMPPG is responsible for providing full discretionary portfolio management, implementation and trade placement services with respect to client accounts, generally are higher than the fees paid to LMPPG in Discretionary Model Programs, where LMPPG and its Subadvisers have investment discretion but the Sponsor Firm is responsible for applying Subadviser investment advice forwarded to it by LMPPG to client accounts, and Non-Discretionary Model Programs, where the Sponsor Firm has investment discretion and decides whether to apply Subadviser investment advice, in whole or in part, forwarded to it by LMPPG to client accounts.
• In the case of LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG generally receives, or anticipates receiving, fees from the
Program Sponsor within the following ranges depending upon the portfolio selected by the client:
Portfolio Category Fee Rate Ranges Equity .32% - .50% Fixed Income .15% - .35% Balanced .34% - .50% Multiple Discipline
• Legg Mason MDA Equity • Legg Mason MDA Balanced • Legg Mason Custom MDA • ClearBridge Dynamic MDA
.30% - .50%
The fees LMPPG receives for managing certain custom accounts may fall outside of the above ranges.
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• In the case of Discretionary Model Programs, LMPPG generally receives, or anticipates receiving, fees from the Program Sponsor within the following range depending upon the portfolio selected by the client:
Portfolio Category Fee Rate Range Equity .28% - .35%
• In the case of Non-Discretionary Model Programs, LMPPG generally receives, or anticipates receiving, fees from
the Program Sponsor within the following ranges or at the following rates depending upon the portfolio selected by the client:
Portfolio Category Fee Rates/Fee Rate Ranges Equity .28% - .43% Fixed Income .14% - .32% Balanced .30% Legg Mason MDA and ClearBridge Dynamic MDA
.30% - .32%
For Single-Contract Program client fee information, clients should refer to their Sponsor Firm’s Form ADV disclosure document or contact their Sponsor Firm representative. LMPPG Compensation in Dual-Contract Programs. In a Dual-Contract Program, the client enters into an investment management agreement directly with LMPPG and a separate agreement with the client’s Sponsor Firm. The client pays an investment management fee directly to LMPPG as compensation for the investment advisory services LMPPG and the applicable Subadviser(s) provide. LMPPG’s standard fee schedules for Dual-Contract Programs are set forth below in this Item 5. The client typically pays a separate fee to the Sponsor Firm for services the Sponsor Firm provides pursuant to its separate agreement with the client. LMPPG may receive higher compensation in Dual-Contract Programs than in Single-Contract Programs.
LMPPG Standard Fee Rates for Dual-Contract Programs. For Dual-Contract Programs, LMPPG’s standard fee rates for the investment management portfolios described in Item 8 of this brochure are set forth below.
Investment Management Portfolio Account Assets Annual Fees Western Asset Active Bond Western Asset Gov/Corp* Western Asset GSM 3-Year, 5-Year and 7-Year Western Asset Intermediate Corporate Bond
First $25,000,000 Over $25,000,000
0.30% 0.25%
Western Asset Current Market Muni Western Asset Municipal Opportunities Western Asset Short-Term Muni Western Asset Tax-Efficient Bond
First $1,000,000 Next $4,000,000 Over $5,000,000
0.35% 0.30% 0.25%
Western Asset Core Western Asset Core Plus
All Assets 0.32%
Western Asset Managed Municipals All Assets 0.30%
Western Asset Enhanced Cash Constrained SMA Western Asset Enhanced Cash SMA Western Asset Tax-Efficient Enhanced Cash SMA
All Assets 0.20%
Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders
All Assets 0.16%
* These portfolios are referred to as “Taxable Fixed Income” for Raymond James clients.
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Investment Management Portfolio Account Assets Annual Fees ClearBridge Dynamic MDAs ClearBridge Equity Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Accounts (MDAs) Balanced Accounts
All Assets 0.50%
ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income Management ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management
All Assets 0.35%
ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF Models All Assets 0.30% LMPPG generally considers client requests to negotiate investment management fee rates lower than the above fee rates. However, LMPPG in its sole discretion may refuse to agree to lower fee rates for any one or more clients. In addition, LMPPG may establish fee rates that are lower than the above fee rates for certain accounts in a particular Dual-Contract Program, based on expectations as to future aggregate asset levels from clients of one or more particular Sponsor Firm representatives. LMPPG may establish fee rates that are higher than the above fee rates for accounts that have unique servicing needs or compliance requirements. In addition, LMPPG may establish fee rates that are different from the above fee rates for accounts in a particular Dual-Contract Program due to Sponsor Firm operational constraints, such as an inability to calculate and process fees under a tiered fee schedule. For client accounts in Dual-Contract Programs, LMPPG typically charges its investment management fee quarterly in advance. Following one of the approaches set forth below, the client’s Sponsor Firm typically deducts LMPPG’s fee from the client’s account and forwards the fee to LMPPG:
1. The Sponsor Firm calculates LMPPG’s fee based on the client’s agreed LMPPG fee rate and the value of the client account assets; or
2. The Sponsor Firm relies on LMPPG’s calculation of LMPPG’s fee based on the client’s agreed LMPPG fee rate
and the value of the client account assets, as set forth in fee invoices LMPPG sends to the Sponsor Firm. Under both approaches, LMPPG’s fees typically are calculated in accordance with procedures, including those applicable to account additions and withdrawals, established by the client’s Sponsor Firm so that LMPPG’s fee is calculated following a methodology that is similar to that used in calculating the Sponsor Firm’s fee. For any one or more client accounts in a Dual-Contract Program, LMPPG may in its sole discretion agree to bill the client directly for its investment management fee instead of having the client’s Sponsor Firm follow one of the above fee-deduction approaches. In addition, LMPPG may in its sole discretion agree to charge its fee in arrears (instead of in advance) or more or less frequently than quarterly. LMPPG Fee Refunds in Dual-Contract Programs. If LMPPG’s management of a client’s Dual-Contract Program account is terminated during a period for which the client pre-paid LMPPG’s investment management fee, LMPPG will calculate the appropriate refund amount and send this amount to the client’s Sponsor Firm for forwarding to the client or deposit into an account the client maintains at the Sponsor Firm. LMPPG calculates refunds in these circumstances by:
1. dividing the number of days left (after termination) in the period for which the client paid the fee by the total number of days in the period; and
2. multiplying the result by the dollar amount of the pre-paid fee.
LMPPG sends termination-related fee refunds to Sponsor Firms on a quarterly basis. Accordingly, there may be a delay of up to approximately ninety days between the time LMPPG’s management of a Dual-Contract Program account is terminated and the time LMPPG sends the related fee refund to the client’s Sponsor Firm. For single-contract program fee refund information, clients should refer to their Sponsor Firm’s Form ADV disclosure document or contact their Sponsor Firm representative.
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B. Other Fees and Expenses
In addition to the investment management fees LMPPG receives for the investment advisory services LMPPG and the Subadvisers provide, a client generally will incur brokerage and trade execution costs for securities transactions LMPPG and the Subadvisers recommend or effect for the client’s account. These costs generally are imposed by the broker-dealer firms used to execute such transactions. For securities transactions executed by the client’s Sponsor Firm or by a broker-dealer the Sponsor Firm designates, these costs often are included in the fee the client pays to the client’s Sponsor Firm (in both Single-Contract Programs and Dual-Contract Programs). For securities transactions executed by another broker-dealer firm, these costs are in addition to fees the client pays to the client’s Sponsor Firm. For more information on brokerage and transaction costs in investment programs for which LMPPG or a Subadviser selects broker-dealers to execute securities transactions for client accounts, clients should refer to Item 12 of this brochure. A client may also incur any one or more of the costs listed below. The costs described in items 1, 2 and 3 below, as well as the costs of trade execution by a client’s Sponsor Firm or designated broker-dealer (see above), typically are covered by the fees clients pay to their Sponsor Firms.
1. Fees for account custody services and related services such as security transfers and wire transfers. 2. Fees for investment advisory services a Sponsor Firm or other person or firm (other than LMPPG or a
Subadviser) provides to the client. These may include services such as evaluation, recommendation and monitoring of investment managers, financial planning services and asset allocation advice.
3. Fees for account reporting by the client’s Sponsor Firm – for example, preparation of periodic account
statements.
4. Any SEC fees, transfer taxes or other governmental charges based on securities transactions.
5. Conversion and foreign exchange fees and charges associated with purchases and sales of American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) in non-U.S. markets for ordinary shares underlying the ADRs. See Item 12 of this brochure for more information.
6. Ongoing custody or service fees charged by ADR depository banks for inventorying the underlying non-U.S.
shares and performing related administrative services.
7. Internal fees and expenses of any mutual fund or ETF purchased or held for the client’s account, as part of the investment management portfolio the client selects or at the client’s direction. Mutual fund and ETF prospectuses, which should be available from Sponsor Firms, include descriptions of these fees and expenses.
Clients should contact their Sponsor Firms and any other service providers for information on the costs associated with the services these firms provide, including the potential costs noted in items 1 – 4 above. The compensation LMPPG and the Subadvisers receive does not cover any of the potential costs noted in items 1 –7 above.
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Item 6 PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT A. Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management Performance-based fees are investment advisory fees that are based on a share of capital gains on, or capital appreciation of, client assets. Performance-based fees do not include fees that are based merely on a percentage of client account assets managed or advised. LMPPG does not charge performance-based fees, but instead charges fees based on the amount of client account assets for which LMPPG, together with one or more of the Subadvisers, provides investment advisory services. ClearBridge and Western Asset also do not charge performance-based fees for LMPPG client accounts. See Item 5 of this brochure for LMPPG/Subadviser fee information applicable to LMPPG client accounts. Each of ClearBridge and Western Asset charges performance-based fees for certain client accounts that do not access its investment advisory services through LMPPG – i.e., non-LMPPG client accounts. These performance-based fees typically are based on account performance relative to a benchmark index agreed on by the Subadviser and the client. Each of ClearBridge and Western Asset, including any of its portfolio management teams, may simultaneously manage or otherwise provide investment advice for non-LMPPG client accounts that are subject to performance-based fees and LMPPG client accounts that are not subject to performance-based fees. As noted in Section B below, management of non-LMPPG client accounts, including those subject to performance-based fees, may differ from the management of LMPPG client accounts based on the particular needs and circumstances of client accounts. Side-by-side management involves a potential conflict of interest to the extent that ClearBridge or Western Asset determines to purchase or sell the same securities for both non-LMPPG client accounts and LMPPG client accounts. It may give ClearBridge or Western Asset and the applicable portfolio management team an incentive to maximize the Subadviser’s fee compensation by favoring the non-LMPPG client accounts subject to performance-based fees in order to maximize its fee revenues. ClearBridge addresses this potential conflict of interest by generally communicating investment decisions and recommendations that apply to LMPPG client accounts and non-LMPPG client accounts, including performance-based fee accounts, at the same time, as described in Item 12 of this brochure. Western Asset addresses this potential conflict of interest by:
1. maintaining policies and procedures that are designed to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated fairly and equitably to client accounts, including LMPPG client accounts and non-LMPPG client accounts;
2. generally communicating investment decisions and recommendations that apply to LMPPG client accounts and non-LMPPG client accounts, including performance-based fee accounts, at the same time, as described in Item 12 of this brochure;
3. regularly reviewing the performance of LMPPG client accounts and the performance of non-LMPPG client accounts
that Western Asset manages according to the same or similar investment strategies; and
4. maintaining trade allocation policies and procedures designed to ensure that no client participating in an aggregated trade order is favored over another participating client account when Western Asset aggregates trades for LMPPG client accounts and non-LMPPG client performance-based fee accounts that it manages.
In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 6 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for information concerning whether such Subadviser charges performance-based fees for non-LMPPG accounts and how such Subadviser addresses the potential conflict of interest associated with side-by-side management.
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B. Additional Side-by-Side Management Information Portfolio managers of each of ClearBridge and Western Asset may determine, in light of a client account’s available cash, investment objectives, restrictions, permitted investment techniques and other relevant considerations, that an investment opportunity is appropriate for only some of the client accounts under their management or that they should take differing positions with respect to a particular security on behalf of certain client accounts.
Each of ClearBridge and Western Asset may give advice and take action in the performance of its duties to clients which differs from advice given, and/or the timing and nature of action taken, with respect to other clients’ accounts. The timing and nature of action taken for one or more client accounts may positively or negatively impact one or more other client accounts. For example, the value of a security held in client accounts may be positively affected by purchases, and negatively affected by sales, of the same security for other client accounts.
In the case of Western Asset, it may have conflicts of interest relating to its management of accounts, including commingled investment vehicles, in which Western Asset, its affiliate and/or its employees have a significant proprietary interest. The interest of Western Asset, its affiliate and/or its employees in an account may provide an incentive for Western Asset to favor such account over other client accounts. As noted above, Western Asset has adopted policies and procedures that are designed to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated fairly and equitably to client accounts. In addition, Western Asset monitors the trading activity in, and the performance of, accounts in which Western Asset, its affiliate and/or its employees have a significant proprietary interest to ensure that such accounts are not being favored over other client accounts. In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 6 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for additional information concerning side-by-side management.
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Item 7 TYPES OF CLIENTS A. Clients LMPPG, together with the Subadvisers, provides investment advisory services for a wide range of clients in Sponsor Firm investment programs, including individuals, pension and profit sharing plans, endowments, foundations, unions and state and local governmental entities. Sponsor Firms, which include broker-dealer firms, banks and investment advisory firms, are another type of client to which LMPPG and the Subadvisers may provide investment advisory services (for the benefit of underlying clients of those Sponsor Firms). B. Investment Minimums For new client accounts, LMPPG generally imposes the investment minimums listed below. LMPPG, in its sole discretion and in consultation with the applicable Subadvisers, may waive any one or more of these minimums for any one or more client accounts. In addition, for certain investment programs, LMPPG and a Sponsor Firm may establish investment minimums for particular investment management portfolios that are higher or lower than those indicated below.
EQUITY
Equity—$50,000 Equity—$75,000 Equity—$100,000 Equity—$250,000 ClearBridge All Cap Value* ClearBridge Appreciation* ClearBridge Dividend Strategy* ClearBridge Global Value ADR ClearBridge International Growth ADR* ClearBridge International Value ADR* ClearBridge Large Cap Growth* ClearBridge Large Cap Growth II** ClearBridge Large Cap Value* ClearBridge Mid Cap ClearBridge Mid Cap Growth ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth* ClearBridge Small Cap ClearBridge Small Cap Growth ClearBridge Small Cap Value ClearBridge Sustainability Leaders ClearBridge Value Equity
ClearBridge All Cap Growth*
ClearBridge Total Return MLP Portfolios
ClearBridge Equity Income (closed to new
accounts)
* These strategies also may be available as part of ESG portfolios that integrate environmental, social and governance criteria. ** For Ameriprise clients, these portfolios are referred to as “Large Cap Core.”
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FIXED INCOME (Western)
Fixed Income— $100,000
Fixed Income— $150,000
Fixed Income— $250,000
Fixed Income—$500,000
Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders Western Asset GSM 3-Year Western Asset GSM 5-Year Western Asset GSM 7-Year Western Asset Gov/Corp* Western Asset Intermediate Corporate Bond Western Asset Current Market Muni** Western Asset Short-Term Muni
Western Asset Core Western Asset Core Plus
Western Asset Managed Municipals Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders (1-15 Year)
Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders (1-30 Year)
Fixed Income— $1,000,000
Fixed Income—$5,000,000
Fixed Income—
$10,000,000
Fixed Income—$20,000,000
Fixed Income—$50,000,000
Western Asset Active Bond Western Asset Custom Western Asset Municipal Opportunities Western Asset Custom Muni
Western Asset Tax- Efficient Bond
Western Asset Enhanced Cash SMA Western Asset Enhanced Cash Constrained SMA
Western Asset Tax-Efficient Enhanced Cash SMA
* These strategies also may be available as part of ESG portfolios that integrate environmental, social and governance criteria. * These portfolios are referred to as “Taxable Fixed Income” for Raymond James clients. ** These portfolios are referred to as “Western Asset U.S. Tax Exempt” for Ameriprise clients.
BALANCED
Balanced—$100,000
Balanced—
$125,000
Balanced—$250,000
Balanced Tax-Favored—
$200,000
Balanced Tax-Favored—
$250,000
Legg Mason All Cap Value* Legg Mason Appreciation* Legg Mason Dividend Strategy* Legg Mason Global Value ADR Legg Mason International Value ADR Legg Mason Large Cap Growth* Legg Mason Large Cap Value* Legg Mason Balanced Income
Legg Mason All Cap Growth*
ClearBridge Large Cap Value with
ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income
Legg Mason All Cap Growth* Legg Mason All Cap Value Legg Mason Appreciation* Legg Mason Balanced Income with Municipals Legg Mason Dividend Strategy* Legg Mason Global Value ADR Legg Mason International Value ADR Legg Mason Large Cap Growth* Legg Mason Large Cap Value*
ClearBridge Large Cap Value with ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income
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LEGG MASON MULTIPLE DISCIPLINE ACCOUNT®** Investment Management Portfolio Investment Minimum
Legg Mason MDA1, MDA3 and MDA4 Legg Mason – Multi-Cap Blend I and II
$100,000
Legg Mason – Global Mid-Large Cap Blend $130,000 Legg Mason MDA0, MDA2 and MDA5 $150,000 Legg Mason MDA0 – MDA8 Balanced $200,000 Legg Mason – Balanced Global Mid-Large Cap Blend $230,000 Legg Mason MDA6 – MDA8 $250,000 Legg Mason MDA0 – MDA8 Balanced Tax-Favored $350,000
CLEARBRIDGE DYNAMIC MDAs
Investment Management Portfolio Investment Minimum U.S. Growth Global Growth Global Growth and Value Global Growth and Value ESG U.S. Growth and Income U.S. Dividend Balanced Global Dividend Balanced Income
$300,000
U.S. Dividend Balanced ESG $500,000
CUSTOM ASSET MANAGEMENT
Investment Management Portfolio Investment Minimum Custom MDA $500,000 Custom Portfolios/ClearBridge Private Client Management $1,000,000 ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management $250,000 ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income Management $250,000 ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF $50,000
** For alternative names of certain Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account portfolios, see the description of such portfolios contained in Item 8 of this
brochure. Multiple Discipline Account® is a trademark of Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC (doing business as “Morgan Stanley Wealth Management”). LMPPG, which is not affiliated with Morgan Stanley Smith Barney, LLC, uses this trademark under license.
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Item 8 METHODS OF ANALYSIS, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISK OF LOSS LMPPG and the Subadvisers make available a broad range of investment strategies, which are referred to in this brochure as “investment management portfolios” or “portfolios” and are listed below in Section A of this Item 8. Portfolios for which ClearBridge and/or Western Asset provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG are described below in Section A. Such descriptions include descriptions of how the Subadvisers formulate the investment advice reflected in the portfolios, including the Subadvisers’ methods of investment analysis. In the case of an investment management portfolio for which a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset provides investment subadvisory services to LMPPG, please refer to Item 8 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of such portfolio. Each investment management portfolio involves risk of loss, which clients should be prepared to bear. The portfolio descriptions set forth below in Section A of this Item 8 for portfolios for which ClearBridge or Western Asset provides investment subadvisory services to LMPPG identify the main risks for such portfolios. Appendix B to this brochure explains these risks. It is not practical to list all possible risks and one or more risks that this brochure does not identify for a portfolio nevertheless may result in losses for clients. In the case of a portfolio for which a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset provides investment subadvisory services to LMPPG, please refer to Item 8 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of the main risks for such portfolios. For all portfolios, there is no assurance or guarantee that client investment objectives will be met. Section B of this Item 8 describes Custom Asset Management services LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset may make available. Section C of this Item 8 sets forth certain additional information relating to the investment management portfolios that LMPPG and the Subadvisers make available.
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A. Investment Management Portfolios: Descriptions and Main Risks The investment management portfolios LMPPG and the Sub-Advisers may make available in Sponsor Firm investment programs include the portfolios listed below. Clients should check with their Sponsor Firm representatives for portfolio availability. Also, as indicated below, certain portfolios may be referred to by different names at particular Sponsor Firms. Portfolios for which ClearBridge or Western Asset provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG include the following portfolios:
• Style Specific • ClearBridge All Cap Growth* • ClearBridge All Cap Value* • ClearBridge Appreciation* • ClearBridge Dividend Strategy* • ClearBridge Global Value ADR* • ClearBridge International Growth ADR • ClearBridge International Value ADR • ClearBridge Large Cap Growth* • ClearBridge Large Cap Growth II** • ClearBridge Large Cap Value* • ClearBridge Mid Cap • ClearBridge Mid Cap Growth • ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth • ClearBridge Small Cap • ClearBridge Small Cap Growth • ClearBridge Small Cap Value • ClearBridge Value Equity
• Fixed Income—Taxable • Western Asset Active Bond • Western Asset Core • Western Asset Core Plus • Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders • Western Asset GSM 3-Year • Western Asset GSM 5-Year • Western Asset GSM 7-Year • Western Asset Gov/Corp*** • Western Asset Enhanced Cash SMA • Western Asset Enhanced Cash Constrained SMA • Western Asset Intermediate Corporate Bond • Western Asset Custom
• Fixed Income—Tax Favored • Western Asset Current Market Muni**** • Western Asset Short-Term Muni • Western Asset Managed Municipals • Western Asset Municipal Opportunities • Western Asset Tax-Efficient Enhanced Cash SMA • Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders • Western Asset Tax-Efficient Bond • Western Asset Custom Muni
• Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account®* • ClearBridge Dynamic MDAs
• Custom Asset Management
• Custom MDA • Custom Portfolios/ClearBridge Private Client Management • ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management • ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income Management • ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF Models
• Specialty • Legg Mason Balanced Income • Legg Mason Balanced Income with Municipals • ClearBridge Equity Income • ClearBridge Large Cap Value with ClearBridge Fixed Income • ClearBridge Total Return MLP Portfolios • ClearBridge Sustainability Leaders • ClearBridge All Cap Growth ESG* • ClearBridge All Cap Value ESG* • ClearBridge Appreciation ESG* • ClearBridge Dividend Strategy ESG • ClearBridge International Growth ADR ESG • ClearBridge International Value ADR ESG • ClearBridge Large Cap Growth ESG* • ClearBridge Large Cap Value ESG* • ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth ESG • Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account®1 ESG*
*May be available in equity and balanced formats. ** For Ameriprise clients, these portfolios are referred to as “Large Cap Core.” *** These portfolios are referred to as “Taxable Fixed Income” for Raymond James clients.
**** These portfolios are referred to as “Western Asset U.S Tax Exempt” for Ameriprise clients.
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One or more of the Subadvisers makes investment decisions or (where another firm has investment discretion) recommendations for each portfolio.
• ClearBridge makes investment decisions and recommendations for portfolios that are branded “ClearBridge”.
• Western Asset makes investment decisions and recommendation for portfolios that are branded “Western Asset”.
• For portfolios that are branded “Legg Mason”, including balanced portfolios and Multiple Discipline Account portfolios, the portfolio description set forth below or separately provided to the client indicates which Subadviser is responsible for each investment style represented in the portfolio.
Working with a Sponsor Firm representative, the client typically determines his or her investment strategy based on personal circumstances and objectives and selects one or more investment management portfolios. Clients are responsible for asset allocation decisions when selecting portfolios. Unless otherwise noted, LMPPG and the Subadvisers do not provide asset allocation advice. LMPPG makes available some of the portfolios in multiple formats, including an equity format, a balanced format, which includes equity and fixed income allocations, and a balanced tax-favored format, where municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the account.1 The following is a description of the investment management portfolios for which ClearBridge or Western Asset provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG: Style Specific ClearBridge All Cap Growth The ClearBridge All Cap Growth (“ACG”) portfolios seek long-term capital appreciation by investing in a
diversified portfolio of large, mid and small capitalization stocks the ACG portfolio managers believe have the potential for above-average long term earnings and/or cash flow growth. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the portfolio managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets.
In addition to making ACG portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in
a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason All Cap Growth balanced portfolios.
Risks. The main risks for ACG portfolios are General Investment Risk, Industry and Issuer Concentration Risk,
Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk, High Volatility Risk and, for balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
ClearBridge All Cap Value The ClearBridge All Cap Value (“ACV”) portfolios apply value criteria to attempt to find the most inefficiently
priced stocks in the small, mid and large capitalization sectors. ACV portfolio managers regularly review the investment universe with the goal of finding attractive gaps between a security’s market price and the team’s assessment of the issuer’s underlying business value. ACV portfolio managers continually update their assessment of business value using fundamental analysis, complemented by broad quantitative data on market sectors and individual issues. The goal of this value process is to achieve above-average returns while also seeking to provide downside risk management. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets.
1 LMPPG and the Subadvisers do not provide tax advice. Clients should consult their own tax advisers for tax advice.
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In addition to making ACV portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason All Cap Value balanced portfolios.
Risks. The main risks for ACV portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk and, for
balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
ClearBridge Appreciation The ClearBridge Appreciation portfolios seek long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in core portfolios of quality large-capitalization companies. The portfolio managers may also invest client portfolios in selected mid and small capitalization companies. The managers seek to create diversified portfolios, believing this approach may help portfolios benefit over time from changes in market and economic cycles and also help reduce overall portfolio volatility. Investments generally include companies the managers believe have superior demonstrated or expected growth characteristics and whose stocks are available at reasonable prices, and/or companies whose assets or earning power the managers believe are either unrecognized or undervalued by the market. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. Also, although the general focus of the ClearBridge Appreciation portfolios is equity investing, the managers may sometimes hold significant portions of portfolio assets in cash equivalents while waiting for buying opportunities. In addition to making Appreciation portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason Appreciation balanced portfolios.
Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Appreciation portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk and, for balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Dividend Strategy The ClearBridge Dividend Strategy portfolios seek dividend income, growth of dividend income, and long-term capital appreciation. The portfolio managers invest the portfolios primarily in stocks that either pay an existing dividend or that they expect will pay a dividend in the near future. The managers may also make limited investments in non-dividend-paying stocks that are not expected to pay a dividend in the future. The managers seek to maintain diversified portfolios. In addition, the managers seek to invest at reasonable valuations, and they also seek a target dividend yield for portfolios that exceeds the S&P 500’s dividend yield. The managers seek to keep portfolio turnover low to allow for the positive compounding effect of dividends over time, although market, security and other investment considerations may cause turnover to be higher from time to time. While most investments are in large and mid capitalization U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets, and in small capitalization companies. Also, although the general focus of the ClearBridge Dividend Strategy portfolios is equity investing, the managers may sometimes hold significant portions of portfolio assets in cash equivalents while waiting for buying opportunities.
In addition to making Dividend Strategy portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate additional income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason Dividend Strategy balanced portfolios.
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Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Dividend Strategy portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk and, for balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Global Value ADR ClearBridge Global Value ADR portfolios seek to provide a value-based, global equity strategy that will outperform the MSCI World Index over 3-5 years, with risk similar to the Index. The portfolio managers invest in ADRs drawn from the universe of international companies with ADRs listed on the major U.S. exchanges and that have market capitalizations of greater than $100 million. The managers may also make investments in equity securities of U.S. companies. The managers invest the portfolios primarily in ADRs, but may also make limited investments in U.S.-traded stocks of non-U.S. and U.S. companies engaged in significant non-U.S. business. These limited investments may include U.S.-traded stocks that result from the conversion of ADRs, as well as other U.S.-traded stocks. ADRs are U.S.-traded securities that represent shares of a foreign-based corporation held by a custodian. ADRs entitle the shareholder to all dividends, net of any applicable local withholding taxes, and capital gains that would be paid on the company’s ordinary shares. The portfolios’ investments in non-U.S. companies may include companies in emerging markets as well as companies in developed markets. In addition to making Global Value ADR portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate additional income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason Global Value ADR balanced portfolios. Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Global Value ADR portfolios are General Investment Risk, Non-U.S. Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk and Mid Cap Risk and, for balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge International Growth ADR The ClearBridge International Growth ADR portfolios employ a long-term, bottom-up approach, using proprietary and independent research. The portfolio managers seek long-term growth of capital by investing the portfolios in well-managed businesses whose intrinsic value does not appear to be recognized by the markets. Under normal market conditions, the managers invest at least 80% of a portfolio’s assets in larger companies they believe have strong balance sheets and good management. The managers then complement these core holdings with investments in smaller, less well-known companies that they believe offer unique products or services or have strong niche positions locally or globally. The managers invest the portfolios primarily in ADRs, but may also make limited investments in U.S.-traded stocks of non-U.S. and U.S. companies engaged in significant non-U.S. business. These limited investments may include U.S.-traded stocks that result from the conversion of ADRs, as well as other U.S.-traded stocks. ADRs are U.S.-traded securities that represent shares of a foreign-based corporation held by a custodian. ADRs entitle the shareholder to all dividends, net of any applicable local withholding taxes, and capital gains that would be paid on the company’s ordinary shares. The portfolios’ investments in non-U.S. companies may include companies in emerging markets as well as companies in developed markets.
Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge International Growth ADR portfolios are General Investment Risk, Non-U.S. Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk and Mid Cap Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
ClearBridge International Value ADR ClearBridge International Value ADR portfolios seek to provide a value-based, international equity strategy that will outperform the MSCI EAFE Index over 3-5 years, with risk similar to the Index. The portfolio managers invest in ADRs drawn from the universe of international companies with ADRs listed on the major U.S. exchanges and that have market capitalizations of greater than $100 million. The managers invest the portfolios primarily in ADRs, but may also make limited investments in U.S.-traded stocks of non-U.S. and U.S. companies engaged in significant non-U.S. business. These limited investments may include U.S.-traded stocks that result from the conversion of ADRs, as well as other U.S.-traded stocks. ADRs are U.S.-traded securities that represent shares of a foreign-based corporation held by a custodian. ADRs entitle the shareholder to all dividends, net of any applicable local withholding taxes, and capital gains that would be paid on the company’s ordinary shares. The portfolios’
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investments in non-U.S. companies may include companies in emerging markets as well as companies in developed markets. In addition to making International Value ADR portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate additional income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason International Value ADR balanced portfolios. Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge International Value ADR portfolios are General Investment Risk, Non-U.S. Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk and Mid Cap Risk and, for balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Large Cap Growth The ClearBridge Large Cap Growth (“LCG”) portfolios seek consistent growth of capital while minimizing volatility. They seek to outperform the Russell 1000 Growth Index over a full market cycle and perform well in rising markets while outperforming the Russell 1000 Growth Index in declining markets. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the portfolio managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. In addition to making LCG portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason Large Cap Growth balanced portfolios.
Risks. The main risks for LCG portfolios are General Investment Risk and, for balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Large Cap Growth II* The ClearBridge Large Cap Growth II portfolios seek to invest in good quality, large capitalization growth companies at reasonable prices. The portfolio managers generally seek companies that are the leaders or are among the leaders in industries where the opportunities for growth are well defined. The managers employ a bottom-up, fundamental approach in selecting companies and may trade positions actively in an effort to provide added return by taking advantage of market inefficiencies. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. Also, although the general focus of the portfolios is equity investing, the managers may sometimes hold significant portions of portfolio assets in cash equivalents while waiting for buying opportunities.
Risks. The main risk for ClearBridge Large Cap Growth II portfolios is General Investment Risk. See Appendix B for an explanation of this risk. ClearBridge Large Cap Value The ClearBridge Large Cap Value portfolios seek long-term capital appreciation by employing fundamental research in an effort to identify securities with favorable risk-adjusted return characteristics. The portfolio management team constructs the portfolios on a bottom-up basis by considering a number of variables such as business fundamentals, valuation, free cash flow generation, earnings growth, management quality and competitive positioning. The team invests the portfolios primarily in large capitalization companies, but may also make limited investments in mid-capitalization companies. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the team may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. The benchmark index for the ClearBridge Large Cap Value portfolios is the Russell 1000 Value Index.
* For Ameriprise clients, these portfolios are referred to as “Large Cap Core.”
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In addition to making Large Cap Value portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make these portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate income. LMPPG refers to balanced portfolios as Legg Mason Large Cap Value balanced portfolios.
Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Large Cap Value portfolios are General Investment Risk, Mid Cap Risk and, for balanced portfolios, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
ClearBridge Mid Cap The ClearBridge Mid Cap portfolios seek long-term growth of capital and consistently superior returns relative to the Russell Mid Cap Index. The portfolio managers seek to achieve these objectives by investing in mid capitalization equity securities using a disciplined process combining quantitative and fundamental analysis. The managers seek out companies with the ability to generate strong free cash flow, supportive balance sheets, undervalued earnings potential and/or management teams that demonstrate capital discipline. They generally diversify portfolio investments across several economic sectors, investing primarily in companies having market capitalizations within the capitalization range of the Russell Mid Cap Index. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets.
Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Mid Cap portfolios are General Investment Risk and Mid Cap Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
ClearBridge Mid Cap Growth The ClearBridge Mid Cap Growth portfolios seek long-term capital appreciation and consistently superior returns relative to the Russell Mid Cap Growth Index. The portfolio managers seek to achieve these objectives by investing in a group of mid capitalization equity securities selected for their long-term growth potential. The portfolio managers follow an investment process that seeks out companies with growth potential, competitive advantage and capital discipline. They generally diversify portfolio investments across several economic sectors, investing primarily in companies having market capitalizations within the capitalization range of the Russell Mid Cap Growth Index. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Mid Cap Growth portfolios are General Investment Risk and Mid Cap Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth The ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth (“MCG”) portfolios seek long-term capital appreciation by investing in the stocks of companies the portfolio managers believe have the potential for above-average long-term earnings and/or cash flow growth. The managers may invest in stocks of small, mid and large capitalization companies (all capitalization ranges will not necessarily be represented) and may concentrate large portions of client accounts in individual securities and industries they believe have the potential for earnings and/or cash flow growth in excess of that expected for the market as a whole. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets.
Risks. The main risks for MCG portfolios are General Investment Risk, Industry and Issuer Concentration Risk, Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk and High Volatility Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Small Cap The ClearBridge Small Cap portfolios seek long-term capital appreciation. The ClearBridge portfolio managers pursue this objective by investing primarily in equity securities of small capitalization companies. The managers may also make limited investments in large and mid-sized companies. The managers follow a value discipline in selecting securities, and seek to purchase securities at discounts to the managers’ assessment of their intrinsic value. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the manager may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets.
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Risks The main risks for ClearBridge Small Cap portfolios are General Investment Risk and Small Cap Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Small Cap Growth The ClearBridge Small Cap Growth (“SCG”) portfolios seek long-term growth of capital. ClearBridge’s SCG portfolio managers select investments using a growth-oriented investment style that emphasizes small U.S. companies believed to have one or more positive investment attributes. These attributes may include superior management teams, good prospects for growth, dominant positions in a niche market or large company customers, and strong or improving financial conditions, as well as other positive investment attributes. The managers generally use a bottom-up approach when selecting investments and may concentrate investments in certain geographic regions and/or industries. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets.
Risks. The main risks for SCG portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk and High Volatility Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Small Cap Value The ClearBridge Small Cap Value portfolios seek long-term capital growth and to outperform the Russell 2000 Value Index over a full market cycle. The ClearBridge portfolio managers pursue these objectives by investing primarily in equity securities of small capitalization companies that they believe have a high probability of outperforming small cap value stocks in general. The managers may also make limited investments in large and mid-sized companies. In selecting stocks for client accounts, ClearBridge uses both quantitative and fundamental analysis. The managers look for stocks that they believe sell at low prices relative to multiple measures of value and have price appreciation potential based on an anticipated dynamic company or industry change. In addition, the managers generally seek to diversify client accounts across multiple economic sectors and industry groups. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. Also, although the general focus of the ClearBridge Small Cap Value portfolios is equity investing, the managers may sometimes hold significant portions of portfolio assets in cash equivalents while waiting for buying opportunities. The ClearBridge Small Cap Value portfolios also may include limited investments in ETFs representing U.S. securities markets, industry and market capitalization sectors, non-U.S. country and regional markets, and other types of non-U.S. securities markets and market sectors (e.g., emerging markets). In addition to the fees charged at the account level, a client will bear a proportionate share of the separate fees and expenses incurred by any ETF in which the client’s account is invested.
Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Small Cap Value portfolios are General Investment Risk and Small Cap Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
ClearBridge Value Equity ClearBridge Value Equity portfolios seek to provide long-term capital appreciation by actively selecting securities that the portfolio managers believe are trading at a discount to their intrinsic value. These portfolios invest primarily in equity securities of large capitalization companies that the portfolio managers believe are selling significantly below their expected value due to market inefficiencies or uncertainties about the company. The portfolios may invest in companies of any size. While most investments are in U.S. companies, the portfolio managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies. The portfolio managers use a value-investment discipline to determine when a company’s stock price represents a large discount to their assessment of the company’s intrinsic value (the value of all the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the company’s business). To determine intrinsic value, the portfolio managers focus on a company’s cash earnings, discounting projected future cash flows to see what they are worth today. The portfolio managers take a long-term approach, generally holding securities for long periods to realize their growth potential, resulting in relatively low portfolio turnover.
Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Value Equity portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk and
Mid Cap Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
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Specialty Legg Mason Balanced Income The Legg Mason Balanced Income portfolios seek long-term capital growth and high current income. The portfolio managers seek to achieve these objectives through a combination of asset allocation (among equities, fixed income securities and cash equivalents) and fundamental stock analysis stressing a long-term value orientation. ClearBridge determines the portfolios’ allocations among equities, fixed income securities and cash equivalents. ClearBridge selects equity investments for the portfolios and Western Asset selects fixed income investments. Equity investments may include common stocks, convertible and non-convertible preferred stocks, shares of real estate investment trusts (REITs), and other types of equity and equity-related securities. Equity-related securities may include convertible bonds, given their equity conversion features. Many of the equity investments are large capitalization stocks, but the ClearBridge managers may also invest in small and mid capitalization stocks and, to a limited extent, in ETFs representing U.S. securities markets, industry and market capitalization sectors, non-U.S. country and regional markets, and other types of non-U.S. securities markets and market sectors (e.g., emerging markets). In addition to the fees charged at the account level, a client will bear a proportionate share of the fees and expenses incurred by any ETF held in the client’s account. While most equity investments are in U.S. companies, the ClearBridge managers may also invest the portfolios in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. Fixed income investments for these portfolios have an average maturity of ten years or less and may include U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agency issues.
Risks. The main risks for Balanced Income portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk, Illiquidity Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Asset Allocation Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Legg Mason Balanced Income with Municipals These portfolios seek long-term capital growth (taxable) and high current income, some taxable and some exempt from regular U.S. income tax. The portfolio managers seek to achieve these objectives through a combination of asset allocation (among equities, fixed income securities and cash equivalents) and fundamental stock analysis stressing a long-term value orientation. ClearBridge determines the portfolios’ allocations among equities, fixed income securities and cash equivalents. ClearBridge selects equity investments for the portfolios and Western Asset selects fixed income investments. Equity investments may include common stocks, convertible and non-convertible preferred stocks, shares of real estate investment trusts (REITs), and other types of equity and equity-related securities. Equity-related securities may include convertible bonds, given their equity conversion features. Many of the equity investments are large capitalization stocks, but the ClearBridge managers may also invest in small and mid capitalization stocks and, to a limited extent, ETFs representing U.S. securities markets, industry and market capitalization sectors, non-U.S. country and regional markets, and other types of non-U.S. securities markets and market sectors (e.g., emerging markets). In addition to the fees charged at the account level, a client will bear a proportionate share of expenses incurred by any ETF held in the client’s account. While most equity investments are in U.S. companies, the ClearBridge managers may also invest the portfolios in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. companies in developed and emerging markets. Fixed income investments for these portfolios consist of municipal bonds. The Western Asset managers select municipal bonds with a focus on diversification within sectors and regions and high credit quality. By actively managing the municipal bond portions of accounts, Western Asset seeks to enhance returns and reduce risks by seeking to take advantage of shifts in the municipal yield curve, credit quality spreads and variations in market sectors. There are no restrictions on the average maturity of the municipal bond portions of client accounts. Depending on Western Asset’s interest rate outlook, the average maturity of municipal bonds in accounts generally ranges from three to seven years.
Risks. The main risks for Balanced Income with Municipals portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Illiquidity Risk and Asset Allocation Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
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ClearBridge Equity Income (closed to new accounts) The ClearBridge Equity Income portfolios seek a high level of current income as their primary objective and long-term capital growth as their secondary objective. The portfolio managers pursue these objectives by investing primarily in dividend-paying equity and equity-related securities of companies of all sizes. These securities may include common stocks, convertible and non-convertible preferred stocks, shares of real estate investment trusts (REITs), and other types of equity and equity-related securities. The managers may also invest in fixed income securities, which may include corporate bonds, convertible bonds and U.S. Treasury securities. While most investments are in securities of U.S. issuers, the managers may also invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded ordinary shares of non-U.S. issuers. The managers do not use leverage or cause the portfolios to engage in borrowing activities as part of the portfolios’ investment strategy. Given the closure of this strategy to new accounts and the small number of accounts managed in accordance with this strategy, ClearBridge Equity Income portfolios are managed as ClearBridge Private Client Management accounts, as described in Item 8.B. (Custom Asset Management). Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Equity Income portfolios are General Investment Risk, Small Cap Risk, Mid Cap Risk, Illiquidity Risk, Credit Risk and Interest Rate Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Large Cap Value with ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income or ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income The ClearBridge Large Cap Value with ClearBridge Fixed Income portfolios combine an allocation to the ClearBridge Large Cap Value portfolios (see separate description in this Item 8) with an allocation to taxable or municipal fixed income securities, as selected by the client. ClearBridge selects both equity securities and fixed income securities for these portfolios.
Risks. The main risks for these portfolios are General Investment Risk, Mid Cap Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Total Return MLP Portfolios ClearBridge Total Return MLP portfolios seek a high level of total return with an emphasis on cash distributions from portfolio investments. ClearBridge Total Return MLP portfolios invest primarily in exchange-traded master limited partnerships (MLPs) with a primary focus on MLPs that derive a significant portion of their revenues from the business of exploring, developing, producing, gathering, transporting, processing, storing, refining, distributing, mining or marketing natural gas, natural gas liquids (including propane), crude oil, refined petroleum products or coal. The ClearBridge Total Return MLP portfolio managers seek to invest in energy-related MLPs with long-lived assets and predictable cash flows. The managers also seek out companies with the potential to grow their businesses, and thereby their distributions, over time. Risks The main risks for ClearBridge Total Return MLP Portfolios are Energy Sector Risk, MLP Related Risk, General Investment Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Illiquidity Risk, Geographic Concentration Risk and Industry Concentration Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks, Special Considerations with respect to ClearBridge Total Return MLP Portfolios Schedules K-1; State Income Tax Returns: ClearBridge Total Return MLP portfolios typically will invest in MLPs that are taxed as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Partnerships do not pay U.S. federal income tax at the partnership level. Rather, each partner of a partnership, in computing its U.S. federal income tax liability, must include its allocable share of the partnership’s income, gains, losses, deductions and expenses. A client will receive a Schedule K-1 from each such MLP held in the client’s ClearBridge Total Return MLP portfolio and will need to incorporate the information on the Schedule K-1s into the client’s annual personal tax return filings. In addition, a client may be required to file state income tax returns for each state in which a portfolio MLP operates even if the client is not otherwise required to file tax returns for such states. Unrelated Business Taxable Income (“UBTI”): IRAs, 401(k) plans and other employee benefit plans as well as most other tax-exempt investors are subject to federal income tax on their UBTI of $1,000 or more. A portion of distributions received from a MLP may constitute reportable UBTI and subject a tax-exempt investor to federal
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income tax and tax filing obligations. The federal income tax consequences of receiving UBTI can be particularly significant for a charitable remainder trust. Investing in MLPs is complex and tax regulations are subject to change. Investors should consult with their tax and financial advisors to make sure that they understand the consequences of investing in MLPs, including the special considerations noted above, and how they apply to their particular circumstances before establishing such a portfolio. The information in this brochure does not constitute tax advice. ClearBridge Sustainability Leaders The ClearBridge Sustainability Leaders portfolios seek to provide long-term capital growth by investing in common stocks and other equity securities of companies that meet the portfolio managers’ financial and sustainability/environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) criteria. The portfolios may also invest in companies that the portfolio managers believe are making substantial progress toward becoming a leader in sustainability and ESG policies. The portfolio managers’ ESG and sustainability evaluation is integrated into a thorough assessment of investment worthiness based on financial criteria. The portfolios will invest primarily in common stocks and other equity securities of U.S. companies, but also may invest in ADRs and U.S.-traded equity securities of foreign issuers. Determination of sustainability/ESG leadership is based on ClearBridge’s proprietary research approach and long standing experience managing ESG investment strategies. The portfolio managers consider a sustainable company to be one that (i) offers products and services that have a positive impact on society; and (ii) has well defined strategies in place to ensure longevity as an investment. Sustainability is not limited to environmental stewardship, but also includes a company’s policies in regard to treating employees fairly and furthering their professional development, interacting in a positive way within its local community, promoting safety at all times, managing its supply chain responsibly, and employing corporate governance practices that are shareholder friendly and transparent. ClearBridge’s fundamental analysts assign a proprietary ESG rating to each company under their coverage by sector and lead the company engagements for impact assessments. Risks. The main risks for ClearBridge Sustainability Leaders portfolios are General Investment Risk, ESG Investing Risk, Small Cap Risk and Mid Cap Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge All Cap Growth ESG ClearBridge All Cap Value ESG ClearBridge Appreciation ESG ClearBridge Dividend Strategy ESG ClearBridge International Growth ADR ESG ClearBridge International Value ADR ESG ClearBridge Large Cap Growth ESG ClearBridge Large Cap Value ESG
ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth ESG Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account®1 ESG In the Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) portfolios, ClearBridge integrates environmental, social and governance criteria into its fundamental research and portfolio construction process for the following underlying ClearBridge investment strategies: ClearBridge All Cap Growth, ClearBridge All Cap Value, ClearBridge Appreciation, ClearBridge Dividend Strategy, ClearBridge International Growth ADR, ClearBridge International Value ADR, ClearBridge Large Cap Growth, ClearBridge Large Cap Value, ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth and Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account®1. All portfolio candidates for the ESG strategies are reviewed by the ClearBridge fundamental research analysts (by sector and portfolio), and by the respective portfolio managers, for their investment attractiveness and ESG characteristics. The sector analysts assign a proprietary ESG rating to all companies under their coverage in the ESG strategies and those ratings are communicated in all research notes. The ClearBridge ESG investment process seeks to employ a best-in-class approach, utilizing proprietary, industry-specific and thematic research supported by the fundamental research analysts. As part of its research and engagement process, ClearBridge attempts to communicate directly with portfolio company managements on a regular basis concerning the company’s sustainability strategy and societal impact, as well as with representatives of certain other key company stakeholders. Certain portfolio company candidates may be excluded due to investments in companies that the ESG team determines are significantly involved in the manufacture of tobacco and alcohol products, the provision of gaming services, the production of nuclear power, and the manufacture of weapons
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(investments in other companies may also be excluded based on ClearBridge’s proprietary research evaluation). LMPPG and ClearBridge may offer ESG portfolios that incorporate faith-based screens. In addition, clients may request additional, customized social screens (such as specific mission-consistent, or faith-based screens, etc.), subject to portfolio manager approval. When a security that would be held in portfolios in the underlying, unscreened investment strategy is excluded based on the fundamental research team’s proprietary ESG research, or due to an exclusionary screen (e.g., tobacco), the ClearBridge ESG portfolio managers will seek to invest the cash that would have been invested in such security in an alternate investment and/or allocate such cash to other investments held in the portfolio. In addition, ClearBridge actively votes proxies for portfolio company securities in accordance with ClearBridge’s Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures, as supplemented by ClearBridge’s ESG Proxy Voting Guidelines. In addition to making the ESG portfolios available in an equity format, LMPPG may make certain of the ESG portfolios available in a taxable balanced format (in which U.S. Government and/or corporate debt securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios) and a tax-favored balanced format (in which municipal securities represent the fixed income portion of the portfolios). Western Asset manages the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios, seeking to add stability and generate income. While Western Asset incorporates ESG considerations in its investment analysis and decision-making as part of its overall investment philosophy, Western Asset does not apply specific social screens to the fixed income portion of balanced portfolios unless this is separately agreed to with the client. LMPPG refers to balanced ESG portfolios as Legg Mason ESG balanced portfolios. Descriptions of the underlying ClearBridge investment strategies offered as part of the ESG portfolios, including applicable risk information, are presented separately in this Item 8. The ESG portfolios are also subject to ESG Investing Risk. See Appendix B for an explanation of this risk. Fixed Income—Taxable Western Asset Active Bond Western Asset uses a sector rotation among the major areas of U.S. taxable fixed income (government bonds, notes and bills, corporate bonds and mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities), along with limited duration bets around the client’s approved benchmark, in an attempt to maximize total return for Western Asset Active Bond (“AB”) portfolios. Investments may include taxable municipal securities and U.S.-dollar denominated fixed income securities (issued in the United States) of non-U.S. developed and emerging market sovereign and corporate issuers when the portfolio managers believe they are attractive investments. Western Asset manages AB portfolios with the belief that limiting duration and investing in sectors of the market it believes are undervalued will provide strong performance. In managing AB portfolios, Western Asset employs a systematic investment approach that includes four decision layers: Duration position, yield curve position, sector weighting and issue selection. Benchmarks available for selection by clients include: Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (“Active Bond—Aggregate”), Barclays Capital U.S. Intermediate Government/Credit Bond Index (“Active Bond—Intermediate”), and Barclays Capital U.S. Government/Credit Bond Index (“Active Bond—Gov/Corp”). Risks. The main risks for AB portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Extension Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Non-U.S. Investment Risk and Prepayment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Core Western Asset Core portfolios seek to maximize total return consistent with prudent investment management. These portfolios may invest in a range of fixed income sectors, including the U.S. government, federal agency, corporate, mortgage and money market/cash and cash equivalent sectors. Investments may also include U.S.-dollar denominated fixed income securities of non-U.S. developed and emerging market sovereign and corporate issuers. The portfolio managers allocate account assets among such fixed income sectors on a discretionary basis taking into account their views as to the relative attractiveness of such sectors. Western Asset Core portfolios involve investments in individual fixed income securities in the U.S. government, federal agency and corporate sectors, and may also involve investments in taxable municipal securities and in individual U.S.-dollar denominated securities of non-U.S. sovereign and corporate issuers. In addition to investments in individual fixed income securities, the portfolios may involve investments in shares of one or both of
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the Legg Mason Western Asset *SMASh® Series C Fund and the Legg Mason Western Asset SMASh Series M Fund (collectively, the “Core SMASh Funds”). The Core SMASh Funds’ prospectus describes the principal investment strategies of each Core SMASh Fund. The managers use investments in the Core SMASh Funds to obtain efficient exposure to certain fixed income sectors that, due to the nature of the securities involved, generally do not allow for practical and diversified exposure through direct client account investment in such securities. A Western Asset Core portfolio’s allocation to each of the Core SMASh Funds will vary over time based on the managers’ discretionary allocation decisions, as well as market fluctuations. A portfolio’s aggregate allocation to the Core SMASh Funds generally will not exceed 50%. However, a portfolio’s aggregate allocation to the Core SMASh Funds may temporarily exceed 50% due to market fluctuations and pending reallocation by the managers. A Core SMASh Fund may invest a portion of its assets in fixed income sectors other than the above-referenced fixed income sectors, as described in the Core SMASh Funds’ prospectus. A client may obtain a prospectus for the Core SMASh Funds from the client’s Sponsor Firm. The prospectus includes information concerning each Core SMASh Fund’s investment objectives, strategies and risks. The prospectus also contains a description of the tax consequences associated with the redemption of Core SMASh Fund shares and the receipt of dividend and capital gains distributions from the Core SMASh Funds. Core SMASh Fund redemptions may occur as a result of reallocation among fixed income sectors, account withdrawals and account termination. By selecting a Western Asset Core portfolio, a client consents to the investment of account assets in the Core SMASh Funds. The client may revoke this consent by terminating the client’s Western Asset Core portfolio. In the event of such a termination, the managers will redeem the client’s Core SMASh Fund shares. An affiliate of Western Asset serves as the Core SMASh Funds’ manager and Western Asset serves as the Funds’ sub-adviser. Only separately managed account clients of Western Asset or its affiliates may purchase shares of the Core SMASh Funds. While neither the manager nor the sub-adviser of the Core SMASh Funds charges a management fee to the Core SMASh Funds, the manager and sub-adviser do receive portions of the fees clients pay for management of Western Asset Core portfolios. Risks. The main risks associated with Western Asset Core portfolio investments in individual fixed income securities are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Extension Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Non-U.S. Investment Risk and Prepayment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. The risks associated with investments in the Core SMASh Funds are described in the Funds’ prospectus, which is available from Sponsor Firms. Western Asset Core Plus Western Asset Core Plus portfolios seek to maximize total return consistent with prudent investment management. These portfolios may invest in a range of fixed income sectors, including the U.S. government, federal agency, corporate, mortgage, non-U.S. sovereign and corporate (both U.S. dollar denominated and non-U.S. dollar denominated), emerging market debt, high yield and money market/cash and cash equivalent sectors. The portfolio managers allocate account assets among such fixed income sectors on a discretionary basis taking into account their views as to the relative attractiveness of such sectors. Western Asset Core Plus portfolios involve investments in individual fixed income securities in the U.S. government, federal agency and corporate sectors, and may also involve investments in taxable municipal securities and in individual U.S.-dollar denominated securities of non-U.S. sovereign and corporate issuers. In addition to investments in individual fixed income securities, the portfolios may involve investments in shares of one or more of the Legg Mason Western Asset SMASh Series C Fund, the Legg Mason Western Asset SMASh Series M Fund and the Legg Mason Western Asset SMASh Series EC Fund (collectively, the “Core Plus SMASh Funds”). The Core Plus SMASh Funds’ prospectus describes the principal investment strategies of each Core Plus SMASh Fund. The Legg Mason Western Asset SMASh Series EC Fund may invest without limit in both investment grade and below investment grade debt obligations rated C or above by Standard & Poor’s (or the equivalent). Below investment grade debt obligations are commonly known as “junk bonds” or “high yield securities.” The managers use investments in the Core Plus SMASh Funds to obtain efficient exposure to certain fixed income sectors that, due to the nature of the securities involved, generally do not allow for practical and prudent exposure through direct client account investment in such securities. A Western Asset Core Plus portfolio’s allocation to each of the Core Plus
* SMASh® is a registered service mark of Legg Mason & Co., LLC licensed for use by Legg Mason, Inc. and its subsidiaries including
Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC and Western Asset Management Company, LLC.
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SMASh Funds will vary over time based on the managers’ discretionary allocation decisions, as well as market fluctuations. A portfolio’s aggregate allocation to the Core Plus SMASh Funds generally will not exceed 50%. However, a portfolio’s aggregate allocation to the Core Plus SMASh Funds may temporarily exceed 50% due to market fluctuations and pending reallocation by the manager. A Core Plus SMASh Fund may invest a portion of its assets in fixed income sectors other than the above-referenced fixed income sectors, as described in the Core Plus SMASh Funds’ prospectus. A client may obtain a prospectus for the Core Plus SMASh Funds from the client’s Sponsor Firm. The prospectus includes information concerning each Core Plus SMASh Fund’s investment objectives, strategies and risks. The risks of investing in the Legg Mason Western Asset SMASh Series EC Fund include the risks associated with investing in “junk bonds” or “high yield securities.” The prospectus also contains a description of the tax consequences associated with the redemption of Core Plus SMASh Fund shares and the receipt of dividend and capital gains distributions from the Core Plus SMASh Funds. Core Plus SMASh Fund redemptions may occur as a result of reallocation among fixed income sectors, account withdrawals and account termination. By selecting a Western Asset Core Plus portfolio, a client consents to the investment of account assets in the Core Plus SMASh Funds. The client may revoke this consent by terminating the client’s Western Asset Core Plus portfolio. In the event of such a termination, the managers will redeem the client’s Core Plus SMASh Fund shares. An affiliate of Western Asset serves as the Core Plus SMASh Funds’ manager and Western Asset serves as the Funds’ sub-adviser. Only separately managed account clients of Western Asset or its affiliates may purchase shares of the Core Plus SMASh Funds. While neither the manager nor the sub-adviser of the Core Plus SMASh Funds charges a management fee to the Core Plus SMASh Funds, the manager and sub-adviser do receive portions of the fees clients pay for management of Western Asset Core Plus portfolios. Risks. The main risks associated with Western Asset Core Plus portfolio investments in individual fixed income securities are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Extension Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Non-U.S. Investment Risk and Prepayment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. The risks associated with investments in the Core Plus SMASh Funds are described in the Funds’ prospectus, which is available from Sponsor Firms. Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders seek to provide periodic income through investment in a diversified portfolio of investment grade (at the time of purchase) corporate bonds with laddered maturities. “Laddering” involves building a portfolio of corporate bonds with staggered maturities so that a portion of the portfolio will mature periodically. The client selects a maturity range for the ladder from among those ranges made available by Western Asset. Currently, 1-5 year and 1-10 year maturity ranges are available but Western Asset may make other maturity ranges available from time to time. Portfolios generally will hold one to three issues for each maturity rung on the ladder. Individual corporate bonds are purchased with the intent to hold such security until maturity unless Western Asset determines to sell such security due to credit concerns or the sale of such security is needed to fund a client withdrawal of funds. To maintain the ladder, money that comes in from maturing bonds is typically reinvested in bonds with longer maturities within the range of the ladder. Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders will invest in individual corporate bonds that are rated Baa/BBB or above at the time of purchase by one or more Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations or, if unrated, in securities of comparable quality at the time of purchase, as determined by Western Asset. Western Asset selects and monitors securities for Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders using Western Asset’s proprietary research. Risks. The main risks for Western Asset Corporate Bond Ladders are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, and Non-U.S. Investment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset GSM 3-Year Western Asset GSM 5-Year Western Asset GSM 7-Year Western Asset Gov/Corp * The Western Asset GSM 3-Year (“GSM3”) portfolios, Western Asset GSM 5-Year (“GSM5”) portfolios and Western Asset GSM 7-Year (“GSM7”) portfolios seek to produce total returns over complete market cycles that exceed appropriate benchmark returns. As part of this total return investment approach, the portfolios also seek to
* These portfolios are referred to as “Taxable Fixed Income” for Raymond James clients.
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preserve principal. Western Asset manages these portfolios based on analysis of specific fundamental factors. The portfolio managers are responsible for monitoring daily market activity in an attempt to provide incremental return exceeding that expected under certain buy and hold and random trading strategies. These portfolios involve investments in U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities with varying maturities. GSM3 portfolios have average maturities of three years or less. GSM5 portfolios have average maturities of five years or less. GSM7 portfolios have average maturities of seven years or less. The Western Asset Gov/Corp portfolios employ the same strategies as the Western Asset GSM portfolios described above, combining the GSM7 portfolio investment approach with intermediate-term investment grade corporate bonds. Gov/Corp accounts may also include taxable municipal securities and investment grade, U.S.-dollar denominated fixed income securities (issued in the United States) of non-U.S. developed and emerging market sovereign and corporate issuers when the managers believe they are attractive investments. Risks. The main risks associated with Western Asset GSM and Western Asset Gov/Corp portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and, for Gov/Corp portfolios, Non-U.S. Investment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Enhanced Cash SMA In managing Western Asset Enhanced Cash SMA (“EC”) portfolios, Western Asset analyzes both the economy and specific investments. In performing economic analysis, Western Asset seeks to determine the direction of the economy and the direction of interest rates, as well as the implications that changes in economic fundamentals can have on the various categories of fixed income investments. Western Asset performs both duration and yield curve analysis to determine a maturity position and structure it believes will provide total returns superior to money market investments. Western Asset performs sector and security analysis decisions in an effort to identify value and in order to evaluate portfolio candidates based on credit fundamentals and price. Western Asset may invest EC portfolios in dollar denominated U.S. Treasury or Agency securities, corporate obligations including commercial paper, corporate bonds, Eurobonds and Yankee debt, asset-backed securities, non-U.S. sovereign debt, and U.S. Agency collateralized mortgage obligations. Risks. The main risks associated with EC portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Non-U.S. Investment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Enhanced Cash Constrained SMA In managing Western Asset Enhanced Cash Constrained SMA (“ECC”) portfolios, Western Asset analyzes both the economy and specific investments. In performing economic analysis, Western Asset seeks to determine the direction of the economy and the direction of interest rates, as well as the implications that changes in economic fundamentals can have on the various categories of fixed income investments. Western Asset performs both duration and yield curve analysis to determine a maturity position and structure it believes will provide total returns superior to money market investments. Western Asset performs sector and security analysis decisions in an effort to identify value and in order to evaluate portfolio candidates based on credit fundamentals and price. Western Asset may invest ECC portfolios in dollar denominated U.S. Treasury or Agency securities, corporate obligations including commercial paper, corporate bonds, Eurobonds and Yankee debt, asset-backed securities, non-U.S. sovereign debt, and U.S. Agency collateralized mortgage obligations. An ECC portfolio’s allocation to corporate debt securities typically is constrained to a maximum of 30%, determined at the time of purchase. The maximum maturity of any individual security in an ECC portfolio generally will not exceed five years. ECC portfolios typically have a maximum portfolio duration of three years or less. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of a fixed income security to a change in interest rates. Risks. The main risks associated with ECC portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Non-U.S. Investment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Intermediate Corporate Bond Western Asset Intermediate Corporate Bond portfolios seek to produce total returns over complete market cycles that exceed appropriate benchmark returns. As part of this total return investment approach, the portfolios also seek to preserve principal. Western Asset manages these portfolios based on analysis of specific fundamental factors. The portfolio managers are responsible for monitoring daily market activity in an attempt to provide incremental return exceeding that expected under certain buy and hold and random trading strategies. These portfolios involve
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investments primarily in intermediate-term, investment grade (at time of purchase) corporate bonds with varying maturities. Intermediate Corporate Bond accounts may also include investments in U.S. federal agency securities, U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. dollar-denominated fixed income securities (issued in the United States) of non-U.S. corporate issuers. Intermediate Corporate Bond portfolios typically have a duration target of within +/-20% of their benchmark’s duration. Risks. The main risks associated with Western Asset Intermediate Corporate Bond portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Non-U.S. Investment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Custom Western Asset Custom portfolios are customized portfolios of fixed income securities that are professionally managed in accordance with specific investment guidelines developed by the client in conjunction with the client’s financial advisor and Western Asset based on the client’s circumstances (including other investments), financial objectives and needs. Such guidelines may address one or more of the following: maturity and duration limitations applicable to overall portfolio or to individual portfolio holdings; credit quality specifications applicable to overall portfolio or to individual portfolio holdings, including actions that must be taken in the event of credit downgrades; individual issuer concentration limitations; sector exposure limitations or restrictions; exposure guidelines, limitations or restrictions for specific issuers or types of fixed of fixed income securities; extent to which portfolio should focus on “ total return” or “income generation”; income generation targets; limitations on realization of short-term or long-term capital gains; and target levels of cash or short-term maturity investments. Risks. The main risks for Western Asset Custom portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk and Interest Rate Risk. Depending on the specific investment guidelines established for the portfolio, additional significant risks may include Below Investment Grade Risk, Geographic Concentration Risk, Industry Concentration Risk, Issuer Concentration Risk, Extension Risk, Illiquidity Risk, Non-U.S. Investment Risk and Prepayment Risk. A client should develop investment guidelines for a Western Asset Custom Portfolio only after considering the client’s specific circumstances (including other investments), financial objectives and needs. Fixed Income—Tax Favored Western Asset Current Market Muni** Western Asset Short-Term Muni Western Asset Current Market Muni portfolios seek total return over a market cycle, consisting of capital gain (taxable) and income that is exempt from regular U.S. income tax.2 Western Asset selects municipal securities for the portfolios with a focus on diversification within sectors and regions and high credit quality. Municipal securities include debt securities issued by any of the 50 states and their political subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) and other qualifying issuers, and investments with similar economic characteristics, the income from which is exempt from regular U.S. income tax. Some municipal obligations, such as general obligation issues, are backed by the taxing power of the municipal issuer, while other municipal securities, such as revenue issues, are backed only by the revenue from certain facilities or other sources and not by the municipal issuer itself. By actively managing client portfolios, Western Asset seeks to enhance returns and reduce risks by taking advantage of shifts in the municipal yield curve, credit quality spreads and variations in market sectors. There are no restrictions on the average maturity of Current Market Muni portfolios. Depending on Western Asset’s interest rate outlook, the average maturity of bonds in Current Market Muni portfolios generally ranges from three to seven years. In certain Single Contract Programs, Western Asset manages Current Market Muni portfolios as state-specific portfolios for clients that indicate certain states as their state of residence or tax state, unless the client or the client’s Sponsor Firm specifically selects a national or state-biased portfolio. Western Asset invests national portfolios in municipal securities of issuers in multiple states and U.S. jurisdictions. For state-specific portfolios, Western Asset
** For Ameriprise clients, these portfolios are referred to as “Western Asset U.S. Tax Exempt.” 2 LMPPG and the Subadvisers, including Western Asset, do not provide tax advice and, therefore, cannot guarantee that income from a municipal security
will not be taxable. Clients should consult their own tax advisers for tax advice.
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seeks to invest only in municipal securities the income from which is exempt from state income taxes in the specified state, but may also invest, if warranted by market conditions including the available supply of municipal securities, in municipal securities the income from which is not exempt from state income taxes in the specified state. For state-biased portfolios, Western Asset emphasizes investments in municipal securities the income from which is exempt from state income taxes in the specified state, but may also invest in municipal securities the income from which is not exempt from state income taxes in the specified state. Western Asset may limit the states for which state-specific and state-biased portfolios are available. It should be noted that state-specific and state-biased portfolios may have a higher concentration in certain sectors and issuers relative to national portfolios due to more limited diversity of in state issues. Short-Term Muni portfolios seek total return over a market cycle, while aiming for a higher degree of stability and liquidity than Current Market Muni portfolios. Depending on Western Asset’s interest rate outlook, the average maturity of bonds in Short-Term Muni portfolios generally ranges between zero and three years. Risks. The main risks for Western Asset Current Market Muni and Western Asset Short-Term Muni portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Illiquidity Risk and, for state-specific and state-biased portfolios, Geographic Concentration Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Managed Municipals Western Asset Managed Municipals (“Managed Municipals”) portfolios seek to maximize current income exempt from regular federal income tax by investing primarily in municipal securities and other investments with similar economic characteristics, the interest of which is exempt from regular federal income tax but which may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. Managed Municipals portfolios normally invest in intermediate-term and long-term municipal securities that have remaining maturities from one to more than thirty years at the time of purchase. They typically focus on investment grade bonds (that is, securities rated in the Baa/BBB categories or above or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable credit quality by Western Asset) but may invest up to 20% of their assets in below investment grade bonds (commonly known as “high yield” or “junk” bonds) in order to enhance current income. Managed Municipals portfolios involve investments in individual municipal securities as well as investments in shares of the Western Asset SMASh Series TF Fund, an open-end investment management company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “SMASh Series TF Fund”). Western Asset selects individual municipal securities for Managed Municipals portfolios with a focus on diversification within sectors and regions. Municipal securities include debt securities issued by any of the 50 states and their political subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) and other qualifying issuers, and investments with similar economic characteristics, the income from which is exempt from regular federal income tax. Some municipal securities, such as general obligation issues, are backed by the taxing power of the municipal issuer, while other municipal securities, such as revenue issues, are backed only by revenues from certain facilities or other sources and not by the municipal issuer itself. By actively managing client portfolios, Western Asset seeks to enhance returns and reduce risks by taking advantage of shifts in the municipal yield curve, credit quality spreads and variations in market sectors. The individual municipal securities portion of Managed Municipals portfolios typically will include securities of issuers in numerous states. Clients who are residents of California or New York have the option of selecting a state-biased portfolio with respect to the portion of the portfolio invested in individual municipal securities. For clients that select such a state-biased portfolio, Western Asset, to the extent consistent with its overall market views, emphasizes investments in municipal securities the income from which is exempt from state income taxes in the specified state, but may also invest in municipal securities the income from which is not exempt from state income taxes in the specified state. The SMASh Series TF Fund’s prospectus describes the principal investment strategies of the SMASh Series TF Fund. The Managed Municipals managers use investments in shares of the SMASh Series TF Fund to obtain efficient exposure to certain types of securities, investment instruments or strategies that, due to their nature and/or factors such as liquidity, volatility and other risk characteristics, generally do not allow for practical and diversified exposure through direct client account investment in such securities, instruments or strategies, including without limitation below investment grade bonds. A Managed Municipals portfolio’s aggregate allocation to the SMASh Series TF Fund will vary over time based on the managers’ discretionary allocation decisions, as well as market fluctuations, but generally will be targeted at 40%-50%. A portfolio’s aggregate allocation to the SMASh Series TF
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Fund may temporarily exceed or be lower than the targeted level due to market fluctuations and pending rebalancing by the portfolio managers. The SMASh Series TF Fund may invest a portion of its assets in fixed income securities and other investments whose interest may be subject to federal income tax, as described in the SMASh Series TF Fund’s prospectus. A client may obtain a prospectus for the SMASh Series TF Fund from the client’s Sponsor Firm. The prospectus includes information concerning the SMASh Series TF Fund’s investment objective, strategies, investments and risks. The prospectus also contains a description of the tax consequences associated with the redemption of the SMASh Series TF Fund shares and the receipt of dividend and capital gains distributions from the SMASh Series TF Fund. The SMASh Series TF Fund redemptions may occur as a result of rebalancing an account’s allocation to the SMASh Series TF Fund, account withdrawals and account termination. By selecting a Managed Municipals portfolio, a client consents to the investment of account assets in the SMASh Series TF Fund. The client may revoke this consent by terminating the client’s Managed Municipals portfolio. In the event of such a termination, the managers will redeem the client’s SMASh Series TF Fund shares. An affiliate of Western Asset serves as the SMASh Series TF Fund’s manager and Western Asset serves as the SMASh Series TF Fund’s sub-adviser. Only separately managed account clients of Western Asset or its affiliates may purchase shares of the SMASh Series TF Fund. While neither the manager nor the sub-adviser of the SMASh Series TF Fund charges a management fee to the SMASh Series TF Fund, the manager and sub-adviser do receive portions of the fees clients pay for management of Managed Municipals portfolios. Risks. The main risks associated with Managed Municipals portfolio investments in individual municipal securities are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Illiquidity Risk, Extension Risk, Prepayment Risk and, for state-specific and state-biased portfolios, Geographic Concentration Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. The risks associated with investments in the SMASh Series TF Fund are described in the SMASh Series TF Fund’s prospectus, which is available from Sponsor Firms. One of the main risks associated with Managed Municipals portfolio investments in the SMASh Series TF Fund is Below Investment Grade Risk. Western Asset Municipal Opportunities The Western Asset Municipal Opportunities portfolios are professionally managed portfolios of long, short and/or intermediate-term municipal securities. Municipal securities include debt securities issued by any of the 50 states and their political subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) and other qualifying issuers, and investments with similar economic characteristics, the income from which is exempt from regular U.S. income tax. Some municipal obligations, such as general obligation issues, are backed by the taxing power of the municipal issuer, while other municipal securities, such as revenue issues, are backed only by the revenue from certain facilities or other sources and not by the municipal issuer itself. Western Asset typically works with clients to develop an investment approach that reflects the client’s desired risk/reward profile for the portfolio and other investment preferences. Western Asset generally manages these portfolios with the objective of generating total return consistent with the provision of tax-exempt income.2 Risks. The main risks for Western Asset Municipal Opportunities portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. Depending on the specific investment approach a client selects, additional significant risks may include Geographic Concentration Risk and Below Investment Grade Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Tax-Efficient Enhanced Cash SMA The Western Asset Tax-Efficient Enhanced Cash SMA portfolios may invest in municipal securities, U.S. Treasury and Agency securities, corporate obligations including commercial paper, corporate bonds, Eurobonds and Yankee debt, asset-backed securities, non-U.S. sovereign debt, and U.S. Agency collateralized mortgage obligations. Western Asset typically works with the client to develop an investment approach that reflects the client’s desired risk/reward profile and other investment preferences. Western Asset manages these portfolios with the objective of generating total return, including tax-exempt income from municipal securities and any other tax-favored investments.2 Municipal securities include debt securities issued by any of the 50 states and their political
2 LMPPG and the Subadvisers, including Western Asset, do not provide tax advice and, therefore, cannot guarantee that income from a municipal security
will not be taxable. Clients should consult their own tax advisers for tax advice.
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subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) and other qualifying issuers, and investments with similar economic characteristics, the income from which is exempt from regular U.S. income tax. Some municipal obligations, such as general obligation issues, are backed by the taxing power of the municipal issuer, while other municipal securities, such as revenue issues, are backed only by the revenue from certain facilities or other sources and not by the municipal issuer itself. Risks. The main risks for Western Asset Tax-Efficient Enhanced Cash SMA portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Illiquidity Risk and Non-U.S. Investment Risk. Depending on the specific investment approach a client selects, additional significant risks may include Geographic Concentration Risk and Below Investment Grade Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders seek to provide periodic income that is exempt from regular U.S. income tax through investment in a diversified portfolio of municipal securities with laddered maturities. Municipal securities include debt securities issued by any of the 50 states and their political subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) and other qualifying issuers, and investments with similar economic characteristics, the income from which is exempt from regular U.S. income tax. Some municipal obligations, such as general obligation issues, are backed by the taxing power of the municipal issuer, while other municipal securities, such as revenue issues, are backed only by the revenue from certain facilities or other sources and not by the municipal issuer itself. “Laddering” involves building a portfolio of municipal securities with staggered maturities so that a portion of the portfolio will mature periodically. The client selects a maturity range for the ladder from among those ranges made available by Western Asset. Currently, 1-15 Year and 1-30 Year maturity ranges are available but Western Asset may make other maturity ranges available from time to time. Portfolios generally will hold one to three issues for each maturity rung on the ladder. Individual municipal securities are purchased with the intent to hold such security until maturity unless Western Asset determines to sell such security due to credit concerns or the sale of such security is needed to fund a client withdrawal of funds. To maintain the ladder, money that comes in from maturing bonds is typically reinvested in bonds with longer maturities within the range of the ladder. Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders will invest in individual municipal securities that are rated Baa/BBB or above at the time of purchase by one or more Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations or, if unrated, in securities of comparable quality at the time of purchase, as determined by Western Asset. Western Asset selects and monitors securities for Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders using Western Asset’s proprietary research. Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders generally will not invest in municipal securities that are subject to the Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT bonds”). Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders generally will include securities of issuers in multiple states and U.S. jurisdictions. Clients who are residents of California, New York or certain other states have the option of selecting a state-specific or state-biased portfolio. For state-specific portfolios, Western Asset seeks to invest only in municipal securities the income from which is exempt from state income taxes in the specified state, but may also invest, if warranted by market conditions including the available supply of municipal securities, in municipal securities the income from which is not exempt from state income taxes in the specified state. For state-biased portfolios, Western Asset emphasizes investments in municipal securities the income from which is exempt from state income taxes in the specified state, but may also invest in municipal securities the income from which is not exempt from state income taxes in the specified state. Western Asset may limit the states for which state-specific and state-biased portfolios are available. It should be noted that state-specific and state-biased portfolios may have a higher concentration in certain sectors and issuers relative to national portfolios due to more limited diversity of in state issues. Risks. The main risks for Western Asset Municipal Bond Ladders are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Illiquidity Risk and, for state-specific and state-based portfolios, Geographic Concentration Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Tax-Efficient Bond Western Asset Tax-Efficient Bond portfolios seek to produce total returns over complete market cycles that exceed benchmark returns through an actively managed, tax-efficient portfolio that has taxable and tax-exempt components. Western Asset determines a portfolio’s allocation to taxable and tax-exempt components in its discretion. Such allocations will vary over time due to market movements and Western Asset’s allocation decisions. Investments may include municipal obligations that are exempt from U.S. federal income tax and taxable fixed income obligations such as U.S. Treasury and agency, corporate and mortgage-backed obligations. U.S. dollar-
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denominated fixed income securities of non-U.S. developed and emerging market sovereign and corporate issuers may also be included in the taxable component of portfolios. Securities will have a minimum rating of Baa3/BBB- at the time of purchase, using the higher of split ratings. Securities downgraded below Baa3/BBB- will be evaluated by Western Asset on a case-by-case basis. A Western Asset Tax-Efficient Bond portfolio’s investment in taxable fixed income obligations will be substantial. Risks. The main risks for Western Asset Tax-Efficient Bond Portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Extension Risk, Prepayment Risk, Below Investment Grade Risk, Illiquidity Risk and Non-U.S. Investment Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. Western Asset Custom Muni Western Asset Custom Muni Portfolios are customized portfolios of municipal and other securities that are professionally managed in accordance with specific investment guidelines developed by the client in conjunction with the client’s financial advisor and Western Asset based on the client’s circumstances (including other investments), financial objectives and needs. Such guidelines may address one or more of the following: maturity and duration limitations applicable to overall portfolio or to individual portfolio holdings; credit quality specifications applicable to overall portfolio or to individual portfolio holdings, including actions that must be taken in the event of credit downgrades; individual issuer concentration limitations; sector exposure limitations or restrictions; exposure guidelines, limitations or restrictions for specific states; limitations or restrictions with respect to securities subject to AMT (alternative minimum tax); ability to invest in securities other than tax-free municipal securities, including without limitation taxable municipal bonds, corporate bonds, U.S. Treasury or agency securities, preferred stock and variable rate demand notes; extent to which portfolio should focus on “ total return” or “income generation”; income generation targets; limitations on realization of short-term or long-term capital gains; and target levels of cash or short-term maturity investments.
Risks: The main risks for Western Asset Custom Muni Portfolios are General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Illiquidity Risk. Depending on the specific investment guidelines established for the portfolio, additional significant risks may include Geographic Concentration Risk, Industry Concentration Risk, Issuer Concentration Risk, Extension Risk, Prepayment Risk and Below Investment Grade Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. A client should develop investment guidelines for a Western Asset Custom Muni Portfolio only after considering the client’s specific circumstances (including other investments), financial objectives and needs. Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account® The Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account® enables clients to allocate their assets among multiple investment styles using one client account.3 Currently, LMPPG makes the following portfolios available (generally in pre-set allocation combinations) in the Multiple Discipline Account: ClearBridge All Cap Growth, ClearBridge All Cap Value, ClearBridge Appreciation, ClearBridge Dividend Strategy, ClearBridge International Value ADR, Western Asset GSM 7-Year, Western Asset Core Plus, Western Asset Current Market Muni, ClearBridge International Growth ADR, ClearBridge Large Cap Growth, ClearBridge Large Cap Value and ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth. These portfolios are described in this Section A. LMPPG may make additional portfolios available in Multiple Discipline Accounts for which a Legg Mason Custom Asset Management level of service is selected. See “Legg Mason Custom Asset Management” in Section B of this Item 8 for information about these service levels. LMPPG or the other firm that implements Subadviser investment decisions purchases and sells securities for the client’s Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account based on instructions received from the Subadvisers responsible for such portfolios. Where LMPPG implements Subadviser investment decisions, it may make adjustments if one or more segments of the client’s allocation becomes over- or under-weighted as a result of market appreciation or depreciation. LMPPG generally makes such adjustments (excluding adjustments requested by clients) with the approval of the applicable Subadviser(s). Where a firm other than LMPPG implements Subadviser investment decisions, such other firm may make adjustments if one or more segments of the client’s allocation become over- or under-weighted as a result of
3 Multiple Discipline Account® is a trademark of Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC. LMPPG, which is not affiliated with Morgan Stanley Smith Barney
LLC, uses this trademark under license.
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market appreciation or depreciation. Because all over- and under-weights will not result in allocation adjustments, over time a client’s allocation may shift as markets change. As a result of the possibility of allocation adjustments, the performance and tax attributes of a Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account may differ from the performance and tax attributes of single-style portfolios that are managed separately. Please see the tables on the following pages for a description of available Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account portfolios.
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The current equity-oriented investment options offered in Legg Mason’s Multiple Discipline Account are as follows:
Investment Management Portfolio
Target Allocations
Available Substitutions4
MDA0 – Legg Mason All Cap Blend5
50% ClearBridge All Cap Growth 50% ClearBridge All Cap Value
ClearBridge Large Cap Value for ClearBridge All Cap Value
MDA1- Legg Mason Large Cap Blend6
50% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 50% ClearBridge Large Cap Value,
ClearBridge All Cap Value for ClearBridge Large Cap Value
If this substitution is made, portfolio is referred to as “MDA1A – Legg Mason Multi-Cap Blend II”
MDA2 – Legg Mason Global Large Cap Growth
70% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 30% ClearBridge International Growth ADR
ClearBridge International Value ADR for ClearBridge International Growth ADR
MDA3 – Legg Mason Dividends & Growth
70% ClearBridge Dividend Strategy 30% ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth
ClearBridge Appreciation for ClearBridge Dividend Strategy
MDA4 – Legg Mason Global Multi-Cap Growth
40% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 30% ClearBridge International Growth ADR 30% ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth
ClearBridge International Value ADR for ClearBridge International Growth ADR
MDA5 – Legg Mason Multi-Cap Blend III
40% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 40% ClearBridge Large Cap Value 20% ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth
ClearBridge All Cap Value for ClearBridge Large Cap Value If this substitution is made, portfolio is
referred to as “MDA5A – Legg Mason Diversified All Cap”
MDA6 – Legg Mason Global Large Cap Blend
40% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 40% ClearBridge Large Cap Value 20% ClearBridge International Growth ADR
• ClearBridge All Cap Value for ClearBridge Large Cap Value
• ClearBridge International Value ADR for ClearBridge International Growth ADR
MDA7 – Legg Mason Global Growth
30% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 30% ClearBridge Large Cap Value 20% ClearBridge International Growth ADR 20% ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth
• ClearBridge All Cap Value for ClearBridge Large Cap Value
If this substitution is made, portfolio is referred to as “MDA7A – Legg Mason Global All Cap”
• ClearBridge International Value ADR for ClearBridge International Growth ADR
MDA8 – Legg Mason Global All Cap Blend
40% ClearBridge All Cap Growth 40% ClearBridge All Cap Value 20% ClearBridge International Value ADR
• ClearBridge Large Cap Value for ClearBridge All Cap Value
Legg Mason—Multi-Cap Blend I
70% ClearBridge All Cap Value 30% ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth
N/A
Legg Mason—Global Mid- Large Cap Blend
40% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 30% ClearBridge Mid Cap 30% ClearBridge International Growth ADR
N/A
Legg Mason—Current Income
80% Western Asset GSM 7-Year 20% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth
N/A
Legg Mason—Balanced 60% Western Asset GSM 7-Year 20% ClearBridge Large Cap Value 20% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth
N/A
Legg Mason—Growth & Income
40% Western Asset GSM 7-Year 20% ClearBridge Large Cap Value 20% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 20% ClearBridge International Growth ADR
N/A
Legg Mason—Moderate Growth
20% Western Asset GSM 7-Year 20% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 20% ClearBridge Large Cap Value 20% ClearBridge Mid Cap 20% ClearBridge International Growth ADR
N/A
4 Where a substitution is made, an “A” is added at the end of the name of the MDA portfolio to reflect such substitution. For example, a Legg Mason All
Cap Blend portfolio that includes ClearBridge Large Cap Value instead of ClearBridge All Cap Value is referred to as a “MDA0A” portfolio. 5 For Linsco Private Ledger clients, the Legg Mason MDA0 or All Cap Blend portfolios are referred to as “MDA-All Cap Core.” 6 For Ameriprise clients, MDA1 or Large Cap Blend portfolios with allocations to ClearBridge Large Cap Growth and ClearBridge Large Cap Value are
referred to as “Legg Mason Large Cap”.
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Legg Mason—Growth 25% ClearBridge Large Cap Value 25% ClearBridge Large Cap Growth 25% ClearBridge Mid Cap 25% ClearBridge International Growth ADR
N/A
Each of the above equity-oriented options with a numeric identifier and Legg Mason-Global Mid-Large Cap Blend are also offered as part of the following balanced investment options offered in Legg Mason’s Multiple Discipline Account:
Investment Management Portfolio
Target Allocations
Available Substitutions
Legg Mason Balanced 70/30
70% Equity (see equity allocations above)
30% Western Asset GSM 7-Year7
Western Asset Current Market Muni or Western Asset Core Plus for Western Asset GSM 7-Year8
Legg Mason Balanced 60/40
60% Equity (see equity allocations above)
40% Western Asset GSM 7-Year7
Western Asset Current Market Muni or Western Asset Core Plus for Western Asset GSM 7-Year8
The equity portion of each of the above balanced investment options is invested in one of the Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account equity investment options set forth above, as designated by the client, provided that the target percentage allocation to an asset class utilized under an equity option is subject to adjustment, based on methodology established by LMPPG, so that the target percentage allocation to such asset class, expressed as a percentage of the client’s entire account, is a whole number percentage allocation. LMPPG and the Subadvisers do not provide asset allocation advice as part of their investment advisory services for Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Accounts. For accounts in excess of $500,000, the client may be able to tailor the asset allocation and investment management portfolios. Certain Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account portfolios no longer available to new clients, but still provided to existing clients who selected such portfolios, are not specifically described in this brochure herein. LMPPG may have referred to certain of these portfolios with numbers (e.g., MDA3) that now refer to different, currently offered Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account portfolios. Clients who continue to receive investment management services in accordance with Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account portfolios no longer specifically described in this brochure should contact their Sponsor Firm representatives if they have questions about such portfolios. Risks: Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Accounts are subject to the risks associated with their underlying investment portfolios, as described in this brochure and in Appendix B.
7 For clients of Morgan Stanley Wealth Management on researched platforms, balanced portfolios typically utilize Western Asset GSM 5-Year rather than
Western Asset GSM 7-Year. 8 If Western Asset Current Market Muni is selected, depending on the total amount of assets in the portfolio, there could be fewer positions and less turnover
with respect to that portion of the Legg Mason Balanced portfolio than would be the case if an investor invested in Western Asset Current Market Muni as a stand-alone investment portfolio. This is due to potentially lower portfolio assets being committed to the Western Asset Current Market Muni strategy as part of the Legg Mason Balanced portfolio than would be the case if the investor invested in the strategy as a stand-alone portfolio, which has a $100,000 investment minimum.
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ClearBridge Dynamic MDAs
LMPPG and ClearBridge make available various ClearBridge Dynamic MDA portfolios that allocate client assets among certain of the ClearBridge equity investment styles described above, certain of the ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF Portfolios described below in “Custom Asset Management-ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF Models”, and the Western Asset Gov/Corp investment style described above. Available ClearBridge Dynamic MDA Portfolios include:
Investment Management Portfolio
Underlying Investment Styles
Allocation Bands
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA U.S. Growth Portfolio
ClearBridge Large Cap Growth ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth ClearBridge Mid Cap Growth
20% - 55% 20% - 40% 20% - 55%
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA Global Growth Portfolio
ClearBridge All Cap Growth ClearBridge Mid Cap Growth ClearBridge International Growth ADR
20% - 55% 20% - 55% 20% - 55%
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA Global Growth and Value Portfolio
ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth ClearBridge Dividend Strategy ClearBridge International Value ADR
20% - 55% 20% - 55% 20% - 55%
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA Global Growth and Value ESG Portfolio
ClearBridge Large Cap Growth ESG ClearBridge All Cap Value ESG ClearBridge International Growth ADR ESG
20% - 55% 20% - 55% 20% - 55%
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA U.S. Growth and Income Portfolio
ClearBridge Dividend Strategy ClearBridge Large Cap Growth ClearBridge Multi Cap Growth
20% - 50% 20% - 50% 20% - 50%
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA U.S. Dividend Balanced Portfolio
ClearBridge Appreciation ClearBridge Dividend Strategy ClearBridge Select ETF Investment Grade
Bond
20% - 50% 20% - 50% 15% - 55%
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA Global Dividend Balanced Portfolio
ClearBridge Dividend Strategy ClearBridge International Value ADR ClearBridge Select ETF Investment Grade Bond
20% - 55% 20% - 55% 20% - 55%
ClearBridge Dynamic MDA U.S. Dividend Balanced ESG Portfolio
ClearBridge Appreciation ESG ClearBridge Dividend Strategy ESG Western Asset Gov/Corp
20% - 50% 20% - 50% 15% - 55%
ClearBridge allocates a portfolio’s assets among the designated underlying investment styles, generally operating within the allocation bands set forth above. ClearBridge seeks to add value by periodically reviewing and adjusting a portfolio’s allocation among its underlying investment styles within the allocation bands set forth above. In the event that a portfolio’s allocation to an underlying investment style exceeds the upper end of its allocation band or drops below the lower end of its allocation band due to market movements, ClearBridge will take steps to promptly adjust the portfolio’s allocation to such investment style so that such allocation is brought back within the allocation band. ClearBridge’s asset allocation determinations, reviews and adjustments are made using a proprietary, quantitative model that helps ClearBridge assess the relative attractiveness of various asset categories and potential for increased returns relative to risk using various combinations of underlying investment styles. The goal of the process is to seek to enhance an account’s long-term performance and risk-adjusted returns relative to portfolios that are not subject to regular asset allocation reviews and adjustments.
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As a result of the dynamic asset allocation process described above, the performance and tax attributes of a ClearBridge Dynamic MDA will differ from the performance and tax attributes of single-style portfolios that are managed separately. Allocation adjustments among underlying investment styles will result in the realization of capital gains and losses. Risks: ClearBridge Dynamic MDA portfolios are subject to the risks associated with their underlying investment portfolios, including ESG Investing Risk, as described in this brochure and in Appendix B. In addition, such accounts are subject to Asset Allocation Risk. See Appendix B for an explanation of Asset Allocation Risk. B. Custom Asset Management LMPPG and Sponsor Firms may make available two types of customized investment management services: Custom Multiple Discipline Account and Custom Portfolios. Custom Portfolios may also be referred to as “ClearBridge Private Client Management” accounts. Custom MDA As described under “Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Account®,” a Custom Multiple Discipline Account allows the client to tailor asset allocation to two or more management styles using one account. LMPPG does not provide asset allocation advice as part of its investment advisory services in connection with Custom Multiple Discipline Accounts. Apart from the client’s tailoring of the account’s asset allocation (by specifying approximate target allocations for the account), LMPPG manages Custom Multiple Discipline Accounts in the same manner as Legg Mason Multiple Discipline Accounts with pre-set asset allocations. Custom Portfolios/ClearBridge Private Client Management For a Custom Portfolio or ClearBridge Private Client Management account, the client works with a ClearBridge portfolio manager to select one or more ClearBridge investment styles and approximate target allocations. Available ClearBridge investment styles may include not only ClearBridge equity strategies but also ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management or ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income Management strategies (see below). Custom Portfolios allow for greater tailoring to client needs than may be available for a non-Custom account, including accommodation of a wider range of client-imposed restrictions. Available customization features may include rebalancing based on client needs, responsiveness to tax considerations and coordination of tax-sensitive selling. In addition, although ClearBridge’s separate account management services generally are model-based, ClearBridge may agree to manage Custom Portfolio accounts in accordance with modified investment models, or in some cases without reference to a specific ClearBridge investment style, in order to meet specific income requirements or other client preferences and needs. A Custom Portfolio may have one or more of the following investment features, each of which involves an increased risk of loss to the client: (i) less security holdings (i.e., less diversification) than in non-customized accounts; (ii) different security weightings than in non-customized accounts; and (iii) security holdings that are not held in non-customized accounts. The management and performance of Custom Portfolios typically will vary from the management and performance of non-customized portfolios of the same style(s) due to one or more of the customization features described above. In addition, ClearBridge’s application of customization features to Custom Portfolio accounts may result in trades for such accounts being placed after trades in the same securities are placed for non-customized accounts of the same style. Any such timing differences could negatively impact Custom Portfolios. A Custom Portfolio account will subject a client to the main risks described in this brochure for each investment style represented in the account and generally will also involve additional risks associated with the client’s customization requirements. The additional risks associated with a Custom Portfolio account may include any one or more of the risks explained in Appendix B. Clients should impose customization requirements only after considering the client’s specific circumstances (including other investments), financial objectives and needs. A Custom Portfolio may be invested in shares of closed-end funds, including closed-end funds for which one or more affiliates of LMPPG serves as investment manager or adviser and earns management or advisory fees. A client will bear a proportionate share of the fees and expenses incurred by any closed-end fund held in the client’s account in addition to the wrap or management fees charged at the client account level. Any purchases of such shares are made in secondary market transactions. Accordingly, the purchase of such shares on behalf of client
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accounts does not result in increased compensation for LMPPG’s affiliates. Closed-end funds often utilize leverage, which can increase the risk of large losses and increase portfolio volatility. Shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at a discount from their net asset value due to market and economic conditions and other factors. This risk is separate and distinct from the risk that the fund’s net asset value could decrease as a result of its investment activities. For multi-style Custom Portfolios, ClearBridge may make adjustments if one or more segments of a client’s allocation to multiple investment styles becomes over- or under-weighted as a result of market appreciation or depreciation. Because all over- and under-weights will not result in allocation adjustments, a multi-style Custom Portfolio client’s allocation may shift as markets change. As a result of the possibility of allocation adjustments, the performance and tax attributes of a multi-style Custom Portfolio may differ from the performance and tax attributes of separately managed single-style portfolios. Also, certain Custom Portfolio accounts may include Western Asset investment styles. ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management For clients who select Custom Portfolios, ClearBridge may make available fixed income management for taxable fixed income investments. ClearBridge generally works with such clients who select ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management to develop a fixed income investment approach that reflects the client’s desired risk/reward profile for the portfolio and other investment preferences. A client may request that ClearBridge apply environmental, social and governance criteria and other social screens (such as specific mission-consistent or faith-based screens) in managing the client’s portfolio. Taxable fixed income investments may include U.S. Government and Agency securities, taxable municipal securities, corporate notes and bonds, commercial paper, planned amortization class collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) and other early-tranche CMOs. ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management portfolios may also make limited investments in shares of preferred stock. Risks. The main risks associated with ClearBridge Taxable Fixed Income Management include General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Extension Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Prepayment Risk. Depending on the specific investment approach, main risks may also include ESG Investing Risk, Geographic Concentration Risk, Issuer Concentration Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income Management9 For clients who select Custom Portfolios, ClearBridge may make available fixed income management for non-taxable fixed income investments. ClearBridge generally works with such clients who select ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income Management to develop a fixed income investment approach that reflects the client’s desired risk/reward profile for the portfolio and other investment preferences. A client may request that ClearBridge apply environmental, social and governance criteria and other social screens (such as specific mission-consistent or faith-based screens) in managing the client’s portfolio. Non-taxable fixed income investments consist of municipal securities, which include debt securities issued by any of the 50 states and their political subdivisions, agencies and public authorities, certain other governmental issuers (such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam) and other qualifying issuers, and investments with similar economic characteristics, the income from which is exempt from regular U.S. income tax. Gains from the sale of municipal securities generally are subject to capital gains tax. For clients who choose a state-specific portfolio, ClearBridge seeks to invest only in municipal securities the income from which is exempt from state income taxes in the specified state, but may also invest, if warranted by market conditions including the available supply of municipal securities, in municipal securities the income from which is not exempt from state income taxes in the specified state. For clients who choose a state-biased portfolio, ClearBridge emphasizes municipal securities the income from which is exempt from state income taxes in the specified state, but also may invest in other municipal securities. It should be noted that state-specific and state-biased portfolios may have a higher concentration in certain sectors and issuers relative to national portfolios due to more limited diversity of in state issues. Risks. The main risks associated with ClearBridge Non-Taxable Fixed Income Management include General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Extension Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Prepayment Risk. Depending on the specific investment approach, main risks may also include ESG Investing Risk, Geographic Concentration Risk, Issuer Concentration Risk and Illiquidity Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks.
9 LMPPG and ClearBridge do not provide tax advice and, therefore, cannot guarantee that income from a municipal security will not be taxable. Clients
should consult their own tax advisers for tax advice.
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ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF Portfolios LMPPG and Sponsor Firms may make available ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF portfolios as part of ClearBridge Dynamic MDA, Custom MDA and multi-style Custom Portfolio accounts that include one or more equity styles (they generally are not available on a standalone basis). The fixed income ETF portfolios clients may be able to select are the ClearBridge Active ETF U.S. Treasury Portfolio, the ClearBridge Active ETF Municipal Portfolio, the ClearBridge Active ETF Taxable Portfolio, the ClearBridge Active ETF High Income Portfolio, the ClearBridge Select ETF Municipal Portfolio and the ClearBridge Select ETF Investment Grade Bond Portfolio. In addition, ClearBridge, in its sole discretion, may agree to client requests for different fixed income ETF portfolios. In determining the composition of each ETF portfolio, ClearBridge seeks to provide the client with investment exposure to the specified fixed income sector(s) through investment in one or more ETFs and to attain any other client objective ClearBridge has specifically agreed to pursue. In the case of an “Active ETF” portfolio, ClearBridge selects the underlying fixed income ETFs and actively manages the portfolio’s allocations to such fixed income ETFs. In the case of a “Select ETF” portfolio, ClearBridge selects the underlying fixed income ETFs, but does not anticipate making changes to the portfolio’s allocations to underlying ETFs except under exceptional market conditions. An ETF is an unmanaged compilation of multiple individual securities and typically represents a particular securities index or sector of the securities market. All ETFs are subject to their own level of expenses. A client will bear a proportionate share of these expenses for each ETF held in the client’s account, in addition to the wrap or management fees charged at the client account level. An ETF’s prospectus describes the ETF’s expenses, along with the risks associated with investing in the ETF. Clients may obtain ETF prospectuses from their Sponsor Firms. Risks. The Main risks for all ClearBridge Fixed Income ETF Portfolios include General Investment Risk, Credit Risk, Extension Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Prepayment Risk. Additional main risks for the ClearBridge Active ETF Taxable Portfolio and the ClearBridge Active ETF High Income Portfolio are Below Investment Grade Risk and Non-U.S. Investment Risk. An additional main risk for the ClearBridge Select ETF Investment Grade Bond Portfolio is Non-U.S. Investment Risk. Additional main risks for the ClearBridge Active ETF Municipal Portfolio and the ClearBridge Select ETF Municipal Portfolio are Illiquidity Risk and Geographic Concentration Risk. See Appendix B for explanations of these risks. C. Certain Additional Information Cash Balances. Significant cash balances may exist in client accounts from time to time, including when a Subadviser instructs account contributions and sales proceeds to be invested gradually. LMPPG and the Subadvisers do not determine the short-term investments in which cash balances are invested and are not responsible for the suitability or performance of such investments. Client Contributions of Securities. If a client contributes securities to the client’s account and they are not included in the selected investment management portfolio, LMPPG or the other firm responsible for applying Subadviser investment decisions or recommendations to the account may sell such securities. Sales of contributed securities may result in taxable gains or losses. Also, investment of sales proceeds in accordance with the selected portfolio may not be immediate. Accounts funded in whole or in part with securities may perform differently and have different holdings and weightings than accounts funded solely with cash equivalents. Account Uniformity and Certain Potential Differences. There may be a substantial degree of uniformity among client accounts (of either LMPPG or a Sponsor Firm) in LMPPG-Implemented Programs, Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs that select the same investment management portfolio. However, many factors may cause differences in the composition and performance of such client accounts, including:
• Date of account inception • Levels and timing of client-initiated activity, such as account contributions and withdrawals • Client-imposed restrictions • Investment limits (see below)
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• A Subadviser’s approach to model portfolio maintenance and adjustment (see below)
• A Subadviser’s and LMPPG’s approach to adjusting or rebalancing account positions in response to market movements (see below)
• The relative outperformance or underperformance of individual portfolio holdings
• Differing portfolio composition requirements and implementation approaches of implementing firms in Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs (see below)
• Differences in the timing of trade executions and prices obtained by LMPPG on behalf of clients in LMPPG-Implemented Programs relative to the timing of trade executions and prices obtained by an implementing firm on behalf of clients in Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs
Certain regulatory or other limits on the amount a Subadviser (alone or together with its affiliates) may invest in a company may cause the composition and performance of client accounts for which the same portfolio is selected to vary from one another more than they otherwise might. For portfolios that involve investments in more volatile securities, these limits may cause even greater performance differences. In the case of certain investment management portfolios, ClearBridge, as subadviser to LMPPG, may utilize a “static” model approach in maintaining and adjusting the model portfolio that it furnishes to LMPPG in LMPPG-Implemented Programs. Under such approach, the model portfolio’s percentage weightings to individual portfolio holdings are not continually adjusted to reflect the relative market performance of such holdings. Accordingly, a new account’s percentage weightings to portfolio holdings typically will differ from the percentage weightings in previously established accounts in the same strategy. In addition, in the case of certain ClearBridge investment management portfolios, client accounts may not be regularly adjusted or rebalanced in response to the relative underperformance or outperformance of such names over time. This will cause differences in portfolio weightings across client accounts over longer periods than in the case of strategies that adjust or rebalance client accounts more frequently. Differences in portfolio weightings across client accounts, combined with the relative outperformance or underperformance of individual portfolio holdings, will cause client accounts in the same investment management portfolio to experience differing performance over time. For Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs, the Sponsor Firm or another firm it selects (not LMPPG or a Subadviser) applies Subadviser investment decisions or recommendations to client accounts. Such a firm may impose model composition requirements, or follow implementation practices, that result in client accounts in these programs having different holdings and performing differently than LMPPG-Implemented Program client accounts for which the same investment management portfolio is selected. Transfers to New Investment Programs—Potential Account Adjustments. If a client transfers an account from one investment program to another and selects the same investment management portfolio, LMPPG or the other firm responsible for implementing Subadviser investment decisions or recommendations for the new program may adjust the account’s holdings. This may result in the realization of capital gains or losses that would not have occurred if the client had not transferred the account. Account adjustments in this situation may result from LMPPG or the other implementing firm treating the transferred account as a new account in the new program, different model composition requirements or implementation practices in the old and new programs, or other factors. Margin Loans. A Sponsor Firm may permit a client to take out a loan secured by assets in the client’s account. Such loans are referred to as “margin loans.” Clients should understand that, if they obtain margin loans secured by assets in their accounts, the Sponsor Firm generally will be able to liquidate all or part of the account at any time to repay any portion of the loan, even if the timing of the liquidation is disadvantageous to the client and disrupts management of the account in accordance with the selected investment management portfolio. Neither LMPPG nor any Subadviser has any responsibility for (i) a client’s decision to take out a margin loan, (ii) the terms of any margin or related agreement to which a client is a party, or (iii) the sale, liquidation, or disposition of securities in the client’s account in order to satisfy the client’s obligations under such an agreement.
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Item 9 DISCIPLINARY INFORMATION There are no reportable legal or disciplinary events for LMPPG and ClearBridge. Western Asset has the following disciplinary matters to report. Such disciplinary matters did not involve or impact client accounts managed by Western Asset, as subadviser to LMPPG, in investment management programs sponsored by Sponsor Firms. ERISA Action Western Asset was alleged to have breached certain provisions of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”) and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), arising from the purchase by ERISA accounts of a security that was not an eligible investment for ERISA accounts and the subsequent handling of the matter. On January 27, 2014, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued an order instituting a public administrative proceeding, making findings and imposing sanctions. Without admitting or denying the SEC’s findings, Western Asset consented to the entry of the order, was censured, agreed to undertake certain remedial measures, and agreed to pay a fine of $1,000,000. On January 27, 2014, Western Asset also entered into a settlement with the US Department of Labor on the same matter and agreed to pay a fine of $1,000,000. As part of the settlements Western Asset also made compensatory payments to impacted clients in the amount of $10,000,000 in the aggregate. Cross Trade Action Western Asset was alleged to have breached certain provisions of the Advisers Act, the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and ERISA in connection with certain trades that were alleged to be cross trades. On January 27, 2014, the SEC issued an order instituting a public administrative proceeding, making findings and imposing sanctions. Without admitting or denying the SEC’s findings, Western Asset consented to the entry of the order, was censured, agreed to undertake certain remedial measures, and agreed to pay a fine of $1,000,000. On January 27, 2014, Western Asset also entered into a settlement with the US Department of Labor on the same matter with respect to ERISA clients and agreed to pay a fine of $607,717. As part of the settlements Western Asset also made compensatory payments to impacted clients in the amount of $7,440,881 in the aggregate. In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 9 of the Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of any reportable disciplinary matters.
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Item 10 OTHER FINANCIAL INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS A. Certain Arrangements and Relationships with Affiliates
In addition to the subadvisory arrangements between LMPPG and each Subadviser described in this brochure, LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset have the following business arrangements and relationships with affiliates that clients may wish to consider. Legg Mason Investor Services, LLC. Legg Mason Investor Services, LLC (“LMIS”) is registered as a broker-dealer under U.S. securities laws and is an affiliate of LMPPG and the Subadvisers. LMIS markets the LMPPG/Subadviser investment advisory services described in this brochure and other Legg Mason investment products and services, including Legg Mason mutual funds managed by the Subadvisers. Certain employees of LMPPG and the Subadvisers, including certain management personnel of each Subadviser, are registered representatives of LMIS. This status enables these employees to assist LMIS with its marketing activities. LMPPG and Subadviser employees do not receive commissions or other sales-based compensation and spend no more than a limited amount of their time assisting LMIS.
Affiliated Investment Funds. Each of ClearBridge and Western Asset manages one or more U.S. registered investment funds for which its affiliate, LMIS, serves as distributor. These funds include the Legg Mason family of open-end mutual funds and certain closed-end funds. ClearBridge and Western Asset manage these registered funds as subadvisers to their investment adviser affiliate, Legg Mason Partners Fund Advisor, LLC. Each of ClearBridge and Western Asset also manages certain unregistered affiliated U.S. investment funds and certain registered and/or unregistered affiliated non-U.S. investment funds. LMPPG/ClearBridge Relationship. LMPPG has a relationship with ClearBridge in which ClearBridge supports LMPPG in the following functional areas: management, compliance, technology, finance and human resources. Affiliated Mutual Fund Investments. As described in Item 8 of this brochure, the Western Asset Core, the Western Asset Core Plus and the Western Asset Managed Municipals investment management portfolios involve investments in shares of certain Legg Mason mutual funds that Western Asset subadvises. Affiliated Closed-End Fund Investments. As described in Item 8 of this brochure, a Custom Portfolio or ClearBridge Private Client Management account may be invested in shares of closed-end investment companies, including closed-end investment companies for which one or more affiliates of LMPPG serves as investment manager or adviser and earn management or advisory fees. Any purchases of such shares are made in secondary market transactions. Accordingly, the purchase of such shares on behalf of client accounts does not result in increased compensation for LMPPG’s affiliates. Supervised Affiliates of Western Asset. Western Asset has certain affiliated investment adviser firms that are under common management and supervision with Western Asset (collectively, the “Supervised Affiliates”). Subject to compliance with applicable legal requirements, Western Asset may delegate its portfolio management responsibilities for a client account to any one of these Supervised Affiliates. Western Asset’s current Supervised Affiliates are:
1. Western Asset Management Company Limited (London), which is authorized and regulated by the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority and is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC as well as with the Korea Financial Supervisory Commission and the Dubai Financial Services Authority;
2. Western Asset Management Company Pty Ltd (Melbourne) ABN 41 117 767 923, which holds Australian
Financial Services License 303160;
3. Western Asset Management Company Distribuidora de Titulos e Valores Mobiliarios Limitada, which is (i) authorized and regulated by Brazilian securities and banking regulators, and (ii) registered as an investment adviser with the SEC;
4. Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. (Singapore) Co. Reg. No. 200007692R, which holds a Capital
Markets Services License for fund management and is regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore and is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC;
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5. Western Asset Management Company Ltd (Tokyo) is a registered financial instruments dealer whose business is
investment advisory or agency business, investment management, and Type II Financial Instruments Dealing business with the registration number KLFB (FID) No. 427, and a member of Japan Investment Advisers Association (membership number 011-01319) and Investment Trust Association, Japan, and is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Registration with or licensing by a regulator does not imply endorsement by the regulator. Nor does it imply a certain level of skill or training. B. LMPPG and the Subadvisers: Commodity Law-Related Status
The principal business of LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset is providing securities-related investment advisory services to clients. LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset do not provide advice on commodity interests (e.g., futures, options on futures, swaps) as part of the investment advisory services they provide in Sponsor Firm investment programs. LMPPG and ClearBridge are not registered as commodity trading advisors under U.S. commodities laws. Western Asset is registered as a commodity pool operator and a commodity trading advisor and therefore may provide advice on commodity interests to certain clients outside of Sponsor Firm investment programs. This permits Western Asset to manage or operate certain collective investment vehicles that include significant investments in commodity interests. Certain Western Asset employees, including certain management and investment personnel, are registered as associated persons of Western Asset under U.S. commodities laws. Certain additional Western Asset employees may have applications pending for such associated person status. C. Other Subadvisers In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 10 of such Adviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of such Subadviser’s financial industry activities and affiliations that are in addition to the subadvisory arrangement between LMPPG and such Subadviser.
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Item 11 CODE OF ETHICS, PARTICIPATION OR INTEREST IN CLIENT TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING As briefly described below in Sections A, B and C, LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset have adopted codes of ethics designed to comply with applicable legal requirements and address potential conflicts of interest associated with personal trading by their employees. Section D below discusses these potential conflicts of interest. Section E below discusses potential conflicts of interest associated with accounts in which ClearBridge, Western Asset, their affiliates and/or their employees have a proprietary interest. A. LMPPG
LMPPG has adopted a Code of Ethics imposing standards of business conduct, including requirements to put client interests first and not to take inappropriate advantage of employment-related information. The Code is intended to prevent conflicts of interest between employees and clients from affecting the investment advisory services LMPPG provides to clients and to assure compliance with applicable laws. To prevent employees from taking advantage of their knowledge of which securities LMPPG is purchasing and selling (and recommending for purchase and sale) for clients, the Code imposes restrictions on employee personal securities transactions. The Code requires LMPPG employees to obtain pre-approval of most personal securities transactions from LMPPG’s Compliance Department. In addition, except in the case of smaller personal trades in large capitalization stocks (which LMPPG expects will not affect client trades), the Code prohibits personal trades in a security on any day during which there are open, executed or pending LMPPG trades in the same security as a result of a model portfolio change a Subadviser has communicated to LMPPG before the employee’s placing of a personal trade for the security. This prohibition under the Code seeks to prevent employees from “front-running” client trades and possibly benefitting personally from the impact of client trades on the market. In addition, when seeking preclearance for personal trades, LMPPG requires its employees to certify that they are not trading on material non-public information. Additional restrictions imposed by the Code include minimum holding periods for profitable trades, as well as minimum holding periods for ClearBridge managed funds. LMPPG requires all employees to report their personal securities accounts, transactions and holdings to LMPPG’s Compliance Department and to certify to the completeness of the information and their compliance with the Code on an annual basis. Existing and prospective LMPPG clients may obtain copies of the Code of Ethics by mailing a written request to:
Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC 620 8th Avenue, 47th Floor New York, NY 10018
Attention: Compliance Department B. ClearBridge ClearBridge has adopted a Code of Ethics imposing standards of business conduct, including requirements to put client interests first and not to take inappropriate advantage of employment-related information. The Code is intended to prevent conflicts of interest between employees and clients from affecting the investment advisory services ClearBridge provides to clients and to assure compliance with applicable laws. To prevent employees from taking advantage of their knowledge of which securities ClearBridge is purchasing and selling (and recommending for purchase and sale) for clients, the Code imposes restrictions on employee personal securities transactions. The Code requires ClearBridge employees to obtain pre-approval of most personal securities transactions from ClearBridge’s Compliance Department. In addition, except in the case of smaller personal trades in large capitalization stocks (which ClearBridge expects will not affect client trades), the Code prohibits personal trades in a security if there is then an open order for the security on ClearBridge’s trading desk. The Code imposes greater restrictions on ClearBridge portfolio managers, who cannot trade in a security for their personal accounts for seven days before and after they recommend or direct a trade in the same security for client accounts. By having these “black-out” periods, the Code seeks to prevent employees from “front-running” client trades and possibly benefiting personally from the impact of client trades on the market. In addition, when seeking preclearance for personal trades, ClearBridge requires its employees to certify that they are not (i) taking an investment opportunity from a client, or (ii) trading on material non-public information.
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Additional restrictions imposed by the Code include minimum holding periods for profitable trades so that employees, especially portfolio managers and analysts, devote their time to managing client accounts and not their own, as well as minimum holding periods for mutual funds ClearBridge manages to prevent market timing. ClearBridge requires all employees to report their personal securities accounts, transactions and holdings to ClearBridge’s Compliance Department and to certify to the completeness of the information and their compliance with the Code on an annual basis. Existing and prospective ClearBridge clients may obtain copies of the Code by mailing a written request for such document to:
ClearBridge Investments, LLC 620 8th Avenue, 47th Floor New York, NY 10018 Attention: Compliance Department
C. Western Asset
Employees of Western Asset and its Supervised Affiliates are required to follow Western Asset’s Code of Ethics. Subject to satisfying the Code of Ethics and applicable laws, such employees may trade for their own accounts in securities that are recommended to and/or purchased for client accounts. The Code of Ethics emphasizes Western Asset’s fiduciary obligation to put client interests first. The Code of Ethics is designed to assure that the personal securities transactions, activities and interests of employees will not interfere with the responsibility to make decisions in the best interest of clients. The Code of Ethics places certain restrictions on the personal trading of securities that are also held in client accounts. The Code of Ethics requires Western Asset employees to pre-clear certain transactions that may represent a conflict with Western Asset’s management of client accounts, and imposes a minimum holding period on certain types of investments. Western Asset’s investment personnel are subject to more restrictive requirements based on their position. Western Asset’s Code of Ethics requires employees to make initial disclosures and certifications upon joining the firm and to acknowledge receipt and review of the Code of Ethics on an annual basis. Western Asset receives copies of all broker confirmations and statements for employees’ personal securities transactions in order to monitor compliance with the Code. Western Asset’s Legal and Compliance Department is responsible for monitoring compliance with the Code of Ethics. Violations are reported to Western Asset’s Chief Compliance Officer and Operations Committee. Successive violations are subject to increasingly serious consequences including termination of employment and other sanctions. Existing and prospective clients of Western Asset may obtain copies of Western Asset’s Code of Ethics by mailing a written request to:
Western Asset Management Company, LLC 385 East Colorado Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 Attention: Legal and Compliance Department
D. Discussion of Potential Conflicts of Interest Associated with Employee Personal Trading LMPPG employees and ClearBridge and Western Asset employees may make personal investments in the same securities LMPPG and ClearBridge and Western Asset invest in for client accounts. Employees may also make personal investments in related securities or financial instruments, such as options, futures and warrants. In some cases, employees may make these investments at or about the same time LMPPG, ClearBridge or Western Asset is making the same investments or related investments for client accounts. This possibility involves a potential conflict between client interests and the personal interests of the employee. For example, if an LMPPG, ClearBridge or Western Asset employee learns of a ClearBridge or Western Asset investment decision prior to the decision’s implementation for client accounts, the employee may have an incentive to seek to benefit himself or herself by making a personal transaction in the security before such implementation takes place, potentially disadvantaging the client accounts. Another example involves an employee’s personal investment in a particular security giving the employee an incentive to benefit himself or herself by investing client accounts, or recommending client investment, in the same security or a related security (instead of investing client accounts or recommending investments based solely on what the employee believes is in the best interests of clients). LMPPG and each of ClearBridge and Western Asset seek to prevent personal trading-related potential conflicts of interest from affecting their investment advisory services by subjecting their employees’ personal trading activity to the requirements
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and restrictions of the applicable Code of Ethics described above. Examples of requirements and restrictions that address these potential conflicts of interest include:
• pre-clearance requirements for certain personal securities transactions; • prohibitions on certain personal securities transactions at or near the time the same or related securities are
being purchased or sold (or recommended for purchase or sale) for client accounts;
• minimum holding periods for certain employee personal investments; and
• Compliance Department monitoring of employee personal investments and securities transactions. E. Discussion of Potential Conflicts of Interest Associated with Proprietary Accounts Each of ClearBridge and Western Asset may have conflicts of interest relating to its management of accounts, including commingled investment vehicles, in which it, one of its affiliates and/or its employees have a significant proprietary interest. Such interest may provide an incentive for ClearBridge or Western Asset to favor such account over other client accounts. As noted in Item 6 of this brochure, each of ClearBridge and Western Asset has adopted policies and procedures that are designed to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated fairly and equitably to client accounts. In addition, each of ClearBridge and Western Asset monitors the trading activity in, and the performance of, accounts in which it, one of its affiliates and/or its employees have a significant proprietary interest to ensure that such accounts are not being favored over other client accounts. F. Other Potential Conflicts of Interest In addition to their codes of ethics applicable to employee personal securities transactions and their policies and procedures relating to proprietary accounts, LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset have adopted other policies and procedures that are designed to address various potential conflicts of interest that may arise in the course of their business as an investment adviser. Such potential conflicts and related policies and procedures pertain to matters such as political contributions, receipt of gifts and entertainment, prohibition on outside public company board service and business activities, personal investment with business contacts, prohibitions on trading while in possession of material non-public information and error resolution. G. Other Subadvisers In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 11 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a discussion of such Subadviser’s Code of Ethics, conflicts of interest associated with personal trading by such Subadviser’s employees and with proprietary accounts managed by such Subadviser, and other conflicts of interest that may arise.
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Item 12 BROKERAGE PRACTICES For client accounts in LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG or Western Asset selects broker-dealers to execute securities transactions as follows:
• LMPPG Broker-Dealer Selection. Except as noted below, LMPPG selects broker-dealers to execute securities transactions for client accounts as described below in Section A.
• Western Asset Broker-Dealer Selection. For Western Asset portfolios and balanced portfolio fixed income
allocations Western Asset manages, Western Asset selects broker-dealers to execute securities transactions as described below in Section C.
In LMPPG-Implemented Programs, each client (or the Sponsor Firm on the client’s behalf) generally directs LMPPG or Western Asset, as applicable, to place securities trades for execution with the client’s Sponsor Firm or a designated broker (“Designated Broker”), subject to the obligation to seek best execution. For clients who enter into investment management agreements directly with LMPPG, LMPPG typically requires such a direction. Also, in many Sponsor Firm investment programs, the Sponsor Firm and/or applicable laws prohibit, or make impractical, the execution of fixed income securities trades with the client’s Sponsor Firm. LMPPG generally does not have trade placement responsibility under Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs. However, LMPPG’s agreement with the Sponsor of such a program may permit LMPPG or Western, as applicable, to include accounts in a block trade that LMPPG or Western, as applicable, places on behalf of accounts under LMPPG-Implemented Programs. Assuming such inclusion is contractually permitted, it is anticipated that the circumstances in which LMPPG or Western, as applicable, will seek in practice to include accounts from non-LMPPG-Implemented Programs in a block trade will be very limited due to the significant operational, coordination and timing challenges presented by such inclusion. In addition to describing how LMPPG and Western Asset select broker-dealers to execute trades for client accounts, Sections A, B and C below describe the trade aggregation, allocation and communication (including model change communication) practices of LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset. In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 12 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of such Subadviser’s trade aggregation, allocation and communication (including model change communication) practices. Subadvisers other than ClearBridge and Western Asset provide, in conjunction with LMPPG, investment advisory services primarily under Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs, but may also provide such services under LMPPG-Implemented Programs. A. LMPPG Selection of Broker-Dealers By LMPPG to Execute Equity Securities Transactions LMPPG seeks best execution when selecting broker-dealers to execute securities transactions. Best execution consists of obtaining the most favorable result for clients within the current parameters of the market. LMPPG does not necessarily measure best execution by the circumstances surrounding a single transaction and may seek best execution over time across multiple transactions. LMPPG selects broker-dealers it believes will provide prompt and reliable execution at favorable security prices with reasonable commission rates and/or other transaction costs. LMPPG considers the best net price, giving effect to any brokerage commissions, commission equivalents, mark-ups, mark-downs, spreads, and other transaction costs, an important factor in selecting broker-dealers to execute securities transactions. LMPPG may also consider other factors, including: the nature of the security being traded; the size and complexity of the transaction; the desired timing of the trade; the activity existing and expected in the market for the particular securities; confidentiality; execution, clearance and settlement capabilities; counterparty financial condition and reliability; the availability of capital commitment; and other appropriate trade execution services of the broker-dealer.
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To the extent practical, LMPPG may select the client’s Sponsor Firm, a Designated Broker or any broker-dealer LMPPG has approved as an executing broker to execute securities transactions for client accounts, including alternative execution venues (e.g., electronic communication networks and crossing networks), as executing brokers. Transactions Driven By Client Account-Specific Activity For equity securities transactions driven by client account-specific activity, such as account contributions and withdrawals, LMPPG expects to select the client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker to execute all or a large percentage of such transactions. Transactions sent to the client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker for execution are subject to the Sponsor Firm’s or Designated Broker’s operational processes. Such processes will impact when and how such transactions are executed and are not within LMPPG’s control. Clients with equity investment management portfolios or allocations to such portfolios typically pay their Sponsor Firms or Designated Brokers wrap fees or other asset-based fees for services that include execution of agency trades (equity securities generally trade on an agency basis and fixed income securities generally trade on a principal basis). In such fee arrangements, clients typically will not pay any transaction-specific commissions on equity securities transactions when LMPPG selects their Sponsor Firms or Designated Brokers to execute those securities transactions. Certain clients may have fee arrangements with their Sponsor Firms or Designated Brokers under which they pay transaction-specific commissions on equity securities transactions instead of wrap fees or other asset-based fees. LMPPG has no role in negotiating the commission schedule that is agreed to by the client and the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. Due to regulatory considerations and Sponsor Firm requirements, LMPPG executes fixed income securities transactions through a broker-dealer other than a client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker in most instances, including transactions driven by client account-specific activity. Transactions Driven by a Model Change For equity securities transactions that are driven by a change in a Sub-Adviser’s investment model and that need to be simultaneously effected for many clients (i.e., model-change trades), LMPPG has executed, and expects to continue to execute, all or substantially all of these transactions as an aggregated block trade through a single broker-dealer instead of executing the transactions with each client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. LMPPG believes that handling equity model change trades in this manner enhances its ability to obtain best execution for client accounts. The main alternative to this approach would be to use a trade rotation process for model change trades, in which LMPPG separately and sequentially transmits orders for the transactions to each Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker for execution. LMPPG believes that effecting model-change trades as block trades eliminates the detrimental impact on market prices of placing separate, successive orders into the marketplace as well as the potential for general movements in securities prices over the extended time period needed to complete a trade rotation. Further, block trading helps to reduce the risks of information leakage (i.e., increasing the number of broker-dealers receiving orders increases the chances that those broker-dealers will trade in anticipation of the orders or seek to use information on LMPPG’s trading to the detriment of LMPPG’s clients), which could result in less advantageous execution prices for clients whose accounts LMPPG trades after making the same trade for other clients. Also, LMPPG believes that effecting model-change trades as block trades often may enable LMPPG to benefit all participating client accounts because more favorable securities prices may be obtained under certain circumstances by trading in larger volumes and because LMPPG may be able to take advantage of additional sources of liquidity that certain broker-dealers and trading venues can provide. In addition, block trading promotes the fair and equitable treatment of client accounts by ensuring that participating client accounts obtain the same execution price and achieve comparable investment performance. A client account included in a block trade for an equity security frequently will be charged commissions, commission equivalents, markups or markdowns or spreads which typically are reflected in the net security price paid or received by the client. Any such commissions, commission equivalents or spreads will be in addition to the asset-based fee, transaction-specific commissions and other fees and charges the client pays to the client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. In the case of a fee arrangement under which a client pays its Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker transaction-specific commissions, the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker may charge higher commissions on trades executed away from the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. In addition, a client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker may charge tradeaway, stepout, prime brokerage, clearing, settlement or similar processing charges and fees (“processing charges”) on trades executed away from the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. Any such processing charges will be in addition to the asset-based fee or transaction-specific commissions the client pays to the client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. LMPPG has no role in negotiating the commission schedules and processing charges that are agreed to by the client and the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker and does not consider such commission schedules and processing charges in executing model-change trades as block trades through a single broker-dealer and in selecting broker-dealers to execute such transactions.
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In an effort to monitor that the trading method it utilizes is consistent with its obligation to seek best execution for client transactions, LMPPG does a trade cost analysis on significant block trades. This trade cost analysis includes a review of the percentage of the daily volume each trade represents, a comparison of the execution price versus the arrival price (the price of the security at the time the order was initially implemented), and a comparison of the execution price versus the Volume Weighted Average Price (“VWAP”) during the time the order is active. The trade cost analysis includes any implied commission paid (as this is reflected in the total security price or proceeds), and such information is retained with a record of the trade. In addition, LMPPG‘s Brokerage Committee provides oversight of LMPPG’s trading activities in an effort to ensure that client transactions are being executed in a cost-effective manner consistent with LMPPG’s policies and procedures. The Brokerage Committee meets quarterly. The Committee is provided with trade cost analyses for significant block trades, the average commissions or commission equivalents incurred by client accounts during the quarter and the percentage of trades that incurred such additional costs, as well as a list of the broker-dealers used by LMPPG and their share of volume. To execute client account transactions in ADRs that, in LMPPG’s judgment, have limited liquidity in U.S. markets, LMPPG may select broker-dealers that purchase the ADR issuer’s underlying ordinary shares in non-U.S. markets and then package such shares into an ADR (in the case of an ADR purchase) or convert the ADR into underlying ordinary shares of the ADR issuer and then sell such shares in non-U.S. markets (in the case of an ADR sale). These transactions typically involve foreign exchange, ADR conversion and related costs and charges that are reflected in the net price paid or received by the client. LMPPG expects to execute all or substantially all model-change equity trades as block trades, as described above. However, LMPPG reserves the ability to disaggregate model-change equity trades and follow a trade rotation approach among Sponsor Firms if it decides that a block trade approach is not practical or consistent with seeking best execution for a particular model-change trade, even though LMPPG has not had to implement a trade rotation to date with respect to any model change trade and anticipates that the instances in which it will do so in the future will be rare. If LMPPG makes a decision to do so, LMPPG will communicate trade orders and instructions to Sponsor Firms and Designated Brokers in a manner and sequence that LMPPG believes is fair and equitable to LMPPG’s clients. In addition, LMPPG may decide not to include clients of a particular Sponsor Firm in a block trade due to factors such as a direction from the Sponsor Firm to place all trades for its clients’ accounts with the Sponsor Firm or a Designated Broker without regard for best execution (see below) or temporary operational issues at particular Sponsor Firms or Designated Brokers. In such cases, LMPPG will arrange for execution of the block and non-block trades in a manner that LMPPG believes is fair and equitable to LMPPG’s clients (although all or some clients may receive a less advantageous price than if the trades had been aggregated and executed as a single block order). In the cases where a particular Sub-Adviser investment strategy is included in a single LMPPG-Implemented Program, LMPPG reserves the ability to execute model-change equity trades for client accounts with the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker, instead of with broker-dealers other than the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker, if LMPPG determines that doing so would be consistent with seeking best execution. Selection of Broker-Dealers By LMPPG to Execute Fixed Income Securities Transactions To select broker-dealers for execution of fixed income securities transactions, LMPPG generally engages a selected pool of broker-dealer firms in bid/offer negotiations or uses Alternative Trading Systems, which enable LMPPG to see multiple bids or offers at the same time. LMPPG seeks best execution and considers any one or more of the following factors, based on the specific circumstances of the transaction: reliability of the broker-dealer; availability of capital commitment; price level; mark-up, mark-down or spread; quality of execution; promptness of execution; ability to execute the full size of the trade; nature and difficulty of the trade; confidentiality; and specialized expertise. Fixed income securities transactions are executed in most instances with broker-dealers other than a client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker due to regulatory considerations and Sponsor Firm requirements. In addition, a client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker may charge tradeaway, stepout, prime brokerage, clearing, settlement or similar processing charges and fees (“processing charges”) on trades executed away from the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. Any such processing charges will be in addition to the asset-based fee or transaction-specific commissions the client pays to the client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. LMPPG has no role in negotiating the processing charges that are agreed to by the client and the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker and does not consider such processing charges in selecting broker-dealers to execute securities transactions.
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Directed Brokerage Although LMPPG generally is subject to the obligation to seek best execution, LMPPG in its sole discretion may accept a client or Sponsor Firm direction to use the client’s Sponsor Firm or a Designated Broker to execute all or certain securities trades for the client’s LMPPG-Implemented Program account without regard for whether best execution may be achieved. In the event LMPPG accepts such a direction:
(i) LMPPG will not negotiate the Sponsor Firm’s or Designated Broker’s trade execution services or compensation for such services on behalf of the client account,
(ii) LMPPG will not be in a position to, and will not, monitor for best price and execution of transactions
Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker executes for the client account, and
(iii) the prices and execution quality achieved for the account may be less favorable, including more costly to the client account, than the prices and execution quality LMPPG achieves for other client accounts.
In addition, LMPPG’s business relationship with the applicable Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker may give LMPPG an incentive to recommend that the client or Program Sponsor issue such a direction. A client or Sponsor Firm may terminate such a direction by notifying LMPPG in writing. LMPPG Aggregation of Trade Orders and Trade Allocation. As noted above, LMPPG generally seeks to aggregate equity trades that are driven by a change in a ClearBridge investment model and that need to be simultaneously effected for many client accounts in LMPPG-Implemented Programs. LMPPG generally allocates securities purchased or sold as part of an aggregated order to each participating account in an amount equal to its percentage of the aggregated order. Each participating account receives the average price for the transaction and shares any transaction costs pro rata based upon the account’s level of participation in the aggregated order. If a client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker charges trade away processing, clearing or settlement charges for the trade, the client’s account separately bears these charges. In the case of a partially-filled aggregated order for an equity security, LMPPG allocates the securities purchased or sold among participating accounts according to one or more methods designed to ensure that the allocation is equitable and fair. These methods include pro rata allocation and random allocation. Under the pro rata method, LMPPG allocates all securities purchased or sold pro rata to all of the accounts included in the order based upon the amount of securities LMPPG intended to purchase or sell for each participating account. Under the random allocation method, LMPPG allocates the partially filled order to accounts included in the aggregated order on a random basis. LMPPG generally uses this method only after seeking direction or agreement from the Subadviser portfolio management team responsible for the underlying investment decision. The random allocation method is intended for situations in which the partial execution quantity is an amount that does not allow for a pro rata allocation of securities to all accounts or does not allow for a meaningful allocation of securities to all accounts. Where an aggregated order covers clients in multiple Sponsor Firm investment programs, LMPPG first allocates the securities to the investment programs participating in the order following one of the accepted trade allocation methods. LMPPG then allocates the securities to clients within each investment program following one of the accepted trade allocation methods. With respect to fixed income securities, client accounts are generally traded individually due to client-specific needs and requirements and due to the availability of the appropriate instrument that meets each client’s specific needs and requirements. LMPPG’s Communication and Implementation of ClearBridge Model Changes. As a general matter, LMPPG seeks to communicate trade orders and ClearBridge investment instructions and recommendations for the same equity security to its own trading desk and to any Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker that is responsible for portfolio implementation, trade placement or trade execution at the same time. In certain cases, however, administrative requirements (e.g. formatting requirements) or implementation practices of a Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker (e.g. accepting instructions or recommendations only once daily or only during particular times of the day) may delay the communication of investment instructions or recommendations. Similarly, required portfolio implementation work may delay LMPPG’s communication of trade orders to a Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker for execution. Due to such potential delays, as well as any delays by a Sponsor Firm in acting upon investment instructions or recommendations it receives, LMPPG’s trading desk may be able to place certain trade orders with broker-dealers for certain client accounts before LMPPG is able to place trade orders in the
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same security with a Designated Broker and/or such Sponsor Firm is able to place trade orders in the security for accounts it services. In such cases, accounts serviced by the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker could be negatively impacted by such timing differences. Trade orders placed by Sponsor Firms or Designated Broker trading desks (where LMPPG forwards ClearBridge investment instructions or recommendations to such firms) in most cases will end up competing in the marketplace with orders placed by LMPPG’s trading desk for LMPPG client accounts with respect to which LMPPG implements ClearBridge investment instructions. This competition may negatively affect both LMPPG’s clients and client accounts managed by Sponsor Firms. LMPPG undertakes to mitigate or offset the negative effect on execution quality from such competition by seeking to tightly control the timing of its executions, limiting orders based on daily trading volume and setting price targets. B. ClearBridge’s Communication of Investment Instructions to LMPPG
ClearBridge provides investment instructions to LMPPG in a manner it believes is fair and equitable in relation to non-LMPPG client accounts for which it provides investment advisory services. For ClearBridge equity investment management portfolios in LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG’s trading desk places trades for LMPPG-Implemented Program client accounts based on investment instructions furnished by ClearBridge. For such portfolios in Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Programs, a trading desk of the Sponsor Firm or such firm’s designee places trades for execution. LMPPG has obtained assurances from ClearBridge that ClearBridge will communicate investment model changes to LMPPG in accordance with procedures designed to be fair and equitable to LMPPG’s clients in relation to other clients of ClearBridge. The trading desks of LMPPG and Sponsor Firms and their designees operate independently of ClearBridge’s trading desk. ClearBridge uses this trading desk to execute trades for non-LMPPG clients, including mutual funds and certain institutional separately managed accounts. Accordingly, trades executed by LMPPG, Sponsor Firm and designee trading desks are not aggregated with trades in the same security that the ClearBridge trading desk executes. ClearBridge seeks to treat all clients fairly and equitably by generally sending investment instructions to its trading desk and to LMPPG at the same time. Trade orders placed by LMPPG’s trading desk and Sponsor Firm and designee trading desks (where LMPPG forwards ClearBridge investment instructions to such firms) in most cases will end up competing in the marketplace with orders placed by the ClearBridge trading desk for non-LMPPG clients. This competition may negatively affect all clients, but ClearBridge expects that, for securities with significant liquidity and trading volume, this liquidity and volume generally will offset all or a significant portion of any negative effect on price from such competition. In addition, for transactions in less liquid securities, ClearBridge may seek to reduce the negative effect of this competition by means such as the use of limit orders and specific price targets. Given the availability of these approaches to lessening the negative effects on price of competing trade orders, ClearBridge believes that simultaneously communicating investment instructions to LMPPG and to its own trading desk is, as a general rule, preferable to following a rotation process. Issues associated with a rotation process include detrimental market impact (i.e. earlier trades move market causing subsequent trades to receive inferior price), “signaling” concerns (i.e. broker-dealers anticipate additional trades in same security and use this information to the detriment of the manager’s client), and timing differences that result in clients obtaining different execution prices and performance dispersion among accounts. Although ClearBridge expects to send all or substantially all of its investment instructions applicable to LMPPG clients and its non-LMPPG clients to LMPPG and ClearBridge’s own trading desk at the same time, it may instead follow a trade rotation approach if it decides the simultaneous communication approach is not practical or consistent with best execution. Any such rotation will be conducted in a manner that is fair and equitable to all affected clients. Since the inception of LMPPG in 2007, ClearBridge has not had to implement a trade rotation between LMPPG and ClearBridge’s own trading desk. C. Western Asset
Western Asset Selection of Broker-Dealers to Execute Securities Transactions. Western Asset maintains an Approved Broker List that includes broker-dealers Western Asset believes demonstrate desk strength, knowledgeable sales coverage, quality research, capital commitment and financial stability. Western Asset may only select broker-dealers on this list to execute securities transactions for client accounts. Fixed income securities transactions are executed in most instances with broker-dealers other than a client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker due to regulatory considerations and Sponsor Firm requirements.
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Western Asset seeks to obtain best execution of its clients’ trades through monitoring and effectively controlling the quality of trade decisions. Because the circumstantial and judgmental aspects involved in obtaining best execution with respect to a particular trade are not always quantifiable, Western Asset does not define a single measurement basis for best execution on a trade-by-trade basis. Instead, Western Asset focuses on establishing processes, disclosures, and documentation, which together form a systematic, repeatable, and demonstrable approach to seeking best execution.
In addition, when selecting a broker-dealer to execute trades, the Western Asset personnel making trades on behalf of clients are obliged to consider the full range and quality of a broker-dealer’s services, which may include execution capability, commission rate, spreads, price, financial responsibility and responsiveness. Western Asset is not obligated to merely get the lowest price or commission, but rather should determine whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution for the account. Broker-dealers typically do not charge commissions on fixed income securities transactions. New issues are the only meaningful exception to this general rule, and they have a set commission rate that is the same for all executing broker-dealers. Secondary issues, by far the largest proportion of fixed income securities transaction volume, trade at net prices with no commissions charged. In addition, a client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker may charge tradeaway, stepout, prime brokerage, clearing, settlement or similar processing charges and fees (“processing charges”) on trades executed away from the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. Any such processing charges will be in addition to the asset-based fee or transaction-specific commissions the client pays to the client’s Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker. Western Asset has no role in negotiating the processing charges that are agreed to by the client and the Sponsor Firm or Designated Broker and does not consider such processing charges in selecting broker-dealers to execute securities transactions. Western Asset may receive research or other services (both solicited and unsolicited) from broker-dealers in the ordinary course of trading on behalf of client accounts. These items are not received pursuant to arrangements or agreements to exchange brokerage activity for services or benefits and are not considered to be obtained using “soft dollars.” Western Asset is not obliged to direct brokerage in order to receive such information. However, Western Asset may consider such research or services in making best execution decisions when executing trades. As a result, Western Asset may have an incentive to select a broker-dealer based on its interest in receiving the research or services that the broker-dealer provides to Western Asset in the ordinary course of trading for client accounts rather than its clients’ interest in receiving the most favorable execution. Western Asset Aggregation of Trade Orders and Trade Allocation. The Western Asset investment team responsible for managing a client’s account generally will aggregate trade orders for the client’s account with one or more accounts of other clients the team services if it determines that the trade is appropriate for such accounts and aggregation is practical and consistent with client requirements and the pursuit of best execution. If the investment team does not aggregate in such a situation and instead has the trades executed separately, the prices and execution quality achieved for all or some of the client accounts for which the trade is appropriate may be less favorable, including more costly to the accounts, than if the team had aggregated the trades. Western Asset completes the allocation of securities purchased or sold in an aggregated order among participating clients no later than the end of the day on which the transaction is completed. In addition, in order to ensure that no client participating in an aggregated order is favored over any other, Western Asset gives each client participating in an aggregated order the average share price for the transaction. Each client shares transaction costs on a pro-rata basis based upon the client’s level of participation in the aggregated order. If the aggregated order is partially filled, each client participating in the transaction receives a pro-rated portion of the securities based upon the client’s level of participation in the aggregated order. However, Western Asset may subject its pro-ration of partially-filled aggregated trade orders to individual client factors such as: investment goals and guidelines, available cash, liquidity requirements, odd lot positions, minimum allocations, existing portfolio holdings compared to the target weightings and regulatory restrictions. Western Asset then weighs allocations by portfolio market value, making adjustments as needed so that final allocations are in round lots. Western Asset periodically reviews all its client accounts to identify situations where a potential conflict of interest may exist. This may include accounts where Western Asset has a proprietary interest or accounts where the investment strategy may conflict with other Western Asset clients. Western Asset follows specific trade allocation procedures to avoid the conflicts inherent in these situations. Prior to the settlement of a trade, Western Asset may revise its allocation of the trade provided the allocation is suitable, fair and equitable. Documentation of the suitability of the allocation should be maintained and reviewed by senior management.
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Western Asset Communication of Investment Instructions. Western Asset communicates investment instructions in accordance with a process that is fair and equitable to LMPPG client accounts in relation to other clients of Western Asset. Sponsor Firm investment programs can raise trade communication conflicts issues if the Sponsor Firm or its designee, and not Western Asset, handles all or a portion of the trading for program accounts. To achieve fair and equitable treatment across client accounts, Western Asset considers not only the manner in which it allocates trades to accounts but also the sequence in which it delivers trade orders to the market for execution and any corresponding investment instructions to third parties that handle trading for LMPPG client accounts. The delivery of certain orders and instructions to a large number of market intermediaries and Program Sponsors at the same time could adversely impact the market price of a security, especially for less liquid instruments. Accordingly, Western Asset’s policy is to address each Sponsor Firm investment program where it does not handle all trading for its accounts with procedures to address these conflicts. As a potential alternative to Western Asset’s standard practice of communicating trade orders and any corresponding investment instructions at approximately the same time, these procedures will normally include a program of trade rotation among Sponsor Firms with trade placement responsibility to prevent any single program’s client accounts from consistently being able to trade first or last within the rotation. Western Asset’s use of such a rotation approach normally will be on an asset weighting basis with investment programs with more managed assets having a pro rata larger weighting in the rotation. As a result, clients in smaller programs may not receive overall as good execution as clients in larger programs. D. Other Subadvisers In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 12 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of such Subadviser’s trade aggregation, allocation and communication (including model change communication) practices. Subadvisers other than ClearBridge and Western Asset provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG under Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs. E. Error Policies Each of LMPPG and Western Asset maintains an Error Policy aimed at ensuring the prompt detection, reporting and correction of errors affecting the accounts of LMPPG clients for which they have portfolio implementation and trade placement responsibility. Under the policies, the correction method used for an error must put the client in the same position the client would have been in had the error not occurred (i.e., the client must be made whole for any error-related losses and costs suffered). If an error involves multiple security positions, LMPPG or Western Asset, as applicable, may calculate the net loss caused by the error (if any) by aggregating such positions (for a client account) and offsetting any gains that resulted from the error against the gross losses that resulted from the error. LMPPG and Western Asset, like other investment managers, have a conflict of interest in connection with the identification and resolution of trade errors, operational errors and other errors. Specifically, each of LMPPG and Western Asset, as a party who may bear some or all of the financial responsibility to correct an error, has an incentive to determine that an error did not occur or, if one has occurred, to resolve it in a manner that minimizes the financial impact on it. However, each of LMPPG and Western Asset endeavor to make determinations concerning errors in good faith and in accordance with applicable legal standards. In addition, such determinations typically are made in consultation with appropriate compliance personnel. LMPPG’s and Western Asset’s Error Policies generally apply only to the extent that LMPPG or Western Asset, as applicable, has control of resolving errors for client accounts. For many investment programs, the Sponsor Firm may have control over the resolution of errors of participating investment managers.
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Item 13 REVIEW OF ACCOUNTS LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset review client accounts in LMPPG-Implemented Programs as described below. Also, Sections B and C below describe how ClearBridge and Western Asset review the investment strategies they provide for client accounts. LMPPG and the Subadvisers do not have implementation responsibility in Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs and therefore generally do not review client accounts in these Programs. Subadvisers other than ClearBridge and Western Asset typically provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG under Discretionary Model Programs and Non-Discretionary Model Programs. Sponsor Firms typically prepare and send regular account statements to clients in Sponsor Firm investment programs. LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset typically do not send regular account reports to such clients, but may agree to provide certain account information to one or more Custom Portfolios/Private Client Management clients upon request. A. LMPPG
LMPPG maintains an Implementation Team consisting of Portfolio Associates. The Implementation Team’s responsibilities include implementing Subadviser investment instructions for client accounts in LMPPG-Implemented Programs. The Implementation Team uses a portfolio modeling application to review client accounts in such Programs each business day against certain parameters designed to detect client account investments that may be significantly at variance from the selected investment management portfolios. The Implementation Team also uses this application to review client accounts in connection with LMPPG’s implementation of Subadviser-instructed trading activity (e.g., purchase or sale instructions) and LMPPG’s accommodation of client-directed activity (e.g., account withdrawals and contributions). Client or Sponsor Firm inquiries may cause LMPPG to conduct additional reviews of client accounts in LMPPG-Implemented Programs. B. ClearBridge
The ClearBridge portfolio management teams responsible for providing investment management portfolios for client accounts review the portfolios they provide on an ongoing basis as part of their investment management process. This process is grounded in fundamental research and involves close monitoring of all securities that ClearBridge includes in these portfolios, as well as review of prospective investments by ClearBridge’s portfolio management teams and research team. In evaluating the portfolios, ClearBridge’s portfolio management teams may utilize attribution and sector allocation analysis, and may also review other pertinent investment and portfolio construction characteristics. ClearBridge’s Investment Risk Management group and ClearBridge’s Risk Management Committee meet on a quarterly basis to review investment strategies, including the investment strategies represented by the ClearBridge investment management portfolios described in Item 8 of this brochure. These strategy reviews focus on identifying and managing investment risk by evaluating risk factors associated with each strategy. The Risk Management Committee consists of ClearBridge’s Chief Executive Officer, co-Chief Investment Officers and the Head of Investment Risk and the Head of Business Risk. In addition, on a daily basis, ClearBridge portfolio managers review Custom Portfolios/Private Client Management accounts they manage and any other LMPPG client accounts for which ClearBridge has implementation responsibility. These reviews generally focus on accounts’ performance relative to applicable benchmarks and the continued investment appropriateness of the account’s composition, in light of factors such as the investment management portfolio selected and market conditions. C. Western Asset
Investment Reviews. On a daily basis, Western Asset’s assigned portfolio manager for each Western Asset account (including account portions) is responsible for overseeing that account. As part of this process, Western Asset’s risk management team generates a set of standard reports that focus on account structure and risk relative to the account’s benchmark, as well as any updates to the structure of the investment management portfolio that has been selected for the account. Members of Western Asset’s investment and risk management teams, including portfolio managers, review these
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reports and use them to help ensure that client accounts are structured properly in accordance with Western Asset’s expectations. Western Asset’s investment teams formally review client accounts they manage at regular investment meetings. In connection with these meetings, the team responsible for each Western Asset investment management portfolio, along with Western Asset portfolio analysts and local senior investment officers, review groups of accounts for which clients have selected that portfolio. The analysts provide a series of reports that list common portfolio and risk characteristics, as well as individual account performance. The purpose of the reviews is to ensure that accounts in each group remain in line with the current strategy for the applicable portfolio and any client-specific guidelines. Risk Management Reviews. Western Asset has a dedicated Risk Management Department with a separate reporting structure from Western Asset’s investment teams. The Risk Management Department conducts daily, biweekly and monthly reviews of portfolios and accounts, and provides analysis and reports that are used by Western Asset to monitor portfolios and accounts. Portfolio Compliance Reviews. Western Asset maintains a Portfolio Compliance group as part of its Legal and Compliance Department. For accounts Western Asset manages, Western Asset compliance officers who are part of this group monitor compliance with any applicable client-imposed restrictions or guidelines on a daily basis. These compliance officers alert the investment teams to restriction or guideline violations so they can bring the accounts back into compliance.
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Item 14 CLIENT REFERRALS AND OTHER COMPENSATION LMPPG, ClearBridge, Western Asset and their affiliates may make payments for marketing, promotional and related expenses to Sponsor Firms that may recommend LMPPG/Subadviser investment management portfolios. They also may provide Sponsor Firm personnel, including Sponsor Firm representatives, with related benefits, including:
• training meetings, including related travel, lodging and meals;
• certain client/prospect meeting materials and expenses; and • low-value gifts and promotional items.
These payments and benefits could give Sponsor Firms and their personnel, including Sponsor Firm representatives, incentives to favor LMPPG/Subadviser-affiliated investment management portfolios and other LMPPG/Subadviser-affiliated investment products and services over those of firms that do not provide the same payments, items and benefits. If LMPPG, the Subadvisers or any of their affiliates make such payments or provide such benefits, they will do so in compliance with applicable laws and internal policies aimed at preventing the compromising of advice and recommendations given to clients. In the case of a Subadviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 14 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a discussion of any payments or benefits that might be made or given to a Sponsor Firm by such Subadviser.
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Item 15 CUSTODY Neither LMPPG nor any of the Subadvisers maintains physical custody of client assets in Sponsor Firm investment programs. Instead, a broker-dealer, bank or other financial firm selected by the client (e.g., the client’s Sponsor Firm) typically maintains physical custody of client account assets. In the case of a client account in a Dual-Contract Program, LMPPG may be deemed under SEC rules to have custody of client assets if LMPPG has the ability, pursuant to client authorization, to deduct client fees directly from the client’s account by directly invoicing the account’s custodian. Clients typically will receive account statements from the firm that maintains physical custody of their accounts. Clients should carefully review these account statements. In addition, if LMPPG, ClearBridge or Western Asset agrees to provide account information, including any type of account statement, to a Custom Portfolios/Private Client Management client as described in Item 13 of this brochure, the client should compare such account information with the account statement the client receives from the custodian of the account.
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Item 16 INVESTMENT DISCRETION In Discretionary Model Programs and LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG and the Subadvisers possess the authority to determine which securities are purchased, held and sold for client accounts, subject to the investment management portfolio the client has selected – i.e., investment discretion. This authority includes the authority to determine the timing and amount of investments and transactions. In Discretionary Model Programs, LMPPG enters into an agreement with the Sponsor Firm that obligates the Sponsor Firm to implement, or cause its designee to implement, Subadviser investment decisions for client accounts, subject to any client-imposed restrictions or other client directions accepted by the Sponsor Firm or its designee. In LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG’s discretionary authority over client accounts includes the authority to implement Subadviser investment decisions for client accounts, subject to any client-imposed restrictions or other client directions LMPPG or the Subadviser accepts. This authority typically is derived from a power of attorney contained in the agreement with the Sponsor Firm in the case of a Single-Contract Program or in the agreement with the client in the case of a Dual-Contract Program. As described in Section F of Item 4 of this brochure, clients in LMPPG-Implemented Programs:
1. may impose restrictions on investments in specific securities (e.g., stock of Company ABC) or on investments in certain categories of securities (e.g., tobacco company stocks); and
2. may be able to direct sales of securities and temporary investment in ETFs.
In LMPPG-Implemented Programs, LMPPG or the applicable Subadviser accepts a proposed client account for management in accordance with a selected investment management portfolio before managing the client’s account. If the client enters into an investment management agreement directly with LMPPG, LMPPG countersigns the client’s signed investment management agreement and typically mails the fully-signed document to the client. For all Sponsor Firm investment programs, neither LMPPG nor any Subadviser renders any legal advice or has authority to take action on behalf of clients with respect to legal proceedings, including bankruptcies and shareholder litigation, to which any securities or securities issuers become subject. Accordingly, neither LMPPG nor any Subadviser will initiate or pursue legal proceedings, including without limitation shareholder litigation, for clients in such programs.
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Item 17 VOTING CLIENT SECURITIES LMPPG and the Subadvisers generally will accept authority to vote proxies, or issue proxy voting instructions, for securities held in client accounts. Summaries of the proxy voting practices of LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset appear below in Sections A, B and C. Although LMPPG and the Subadvisers have no responsibility for the distribution of proxies or related solicitation material, LMPPG expects that clients who do not delegate proxy voting authority generally will receive proxies and other related solicitation materials for securities in their accounts. LMPPG and the Subadvisers generally do not provide advice to such clients on proxy solicitations. A. LMPPG
LMPPG does not exercise discretion in determining how to vote proxies for securities held in client accounts. Where a client or Sponsor Firm authorizes LMPPG to vote proxies or issue proxy voting instructions for securities held in client accounts, LMPPG does so based on proxy voting instructions provided by the applicable Subadviser. However, if a multi-style account in a LMPPG-Implemented Program holds a security based on investment instructions from more than one Subadviser and the proxy voting instructions of the Subadvisers differ for the security, LMPPG will follow the instructions of the Subadviser responsible for the largest portion of the account’s entire position in the security (and will disregard the differing instructions of each other Subadviser). A client may request:
(i) a copy of LMPPG’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures; and/or (ii) information concerning how LMPPG, as instructed by the applicable Subadviser, voted proxies for
securities held in the client’s account. Clients may obtain this information by sending a written request to:
Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC 620 8th Avenue, 48th Floor New York, NY 10018 Attention: Head of SMA Operations
B. ClearBridge
ClearBridge is subject to the Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures it has adopted to seek to ensure that it votes proxies and issues proxy voting instructions in the best interests of client accounts. The following is a brief overview of the policies. In making proxy voting decisions, ClearBridge is guided by general fiduciary principles and seeks to act prudently and solely in the best interest of client accounts. ClearBridge attempts to consider all factors that could affect the value of the investment and votes proxies in the manner that it believes is consistent with efforts to maximize shareholder value. ClearBridge may utilize an external service provider to provide it with information and/or a recommendation with regard to proxy votes. However, any such recommendations do not relieve ClearBridge of responsibility for the proxy vote. In the case of a proxy issue for which the policies state a particular position, ClearBridge generally votes in accordance with the stated position. In the case of a proxy issue for which the policies set forth a list of factors to consider, ClearBridge considers those factors and votes on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the general principles set forth above. In the case of a proxy issue for which the policies do not have a stated position or list of factors to consider, ClearBridge votes on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the general principles set forth above. Issues for which the policies state a particular position or a list of factors to consider fall into a variety of categories, including election of directors, ratification of auditors, proxy and tender offer defenses, capital structure issues, executive and director compensation, mergers and corporate restructuring, and social and environmental issues. The ClearBridge investment professionals responsible for a proxy vote, subject to their
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duty to act solely in the best interest of the client accounts whose shares are being voted, can always supersede the stated position on an issue set forth in the policies. Different ClearBridge investment teams may vote differently on the same issue. An investment team (e.g., ClearBridge’s ESG investment team) may adopt proxy voting policies that supplement ClearBridge’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures. In addition, in the case of Taft-Hartley clients, ClearBridge will comply with a client direction to vote proxies in accordance with Institutional Shareholder Services’ (ISS) PVS Voting guidelines, which ISS represents to be consistent with AFL-CIO guidelines. In furtherance of ClearBridge’s goal to vote proxies in the best interest of clients, ClearBridge follows procedures designed to identify and address material conflicts that may arise between ClearBridge’s interests and those of clients before voting proxies on behalf of such clients. To seek to identify conflicts of interest, ClearBridge periodically notifies ClearBridge employees in writing that they must (i) be aware of the potential for conflicts of interest on the part of ClearBridge with respect to voting proxies for client accounts as a result of their personal relationships or ClearBridge’s business relationships or the personal or business relationships of other Legg Mason units’ employees, and (ii) bring conflicts of interest of which they become aware to the attention of ClearBridge’s General Counsel/Chief Compliance Officer. ClearBridge also maintains and considers a list of significant ClearBridge relationships that could present a conflict of interest for ClearBridge in voting proxies. ClearBridge’s Proxy Committee reviews and addresses conflicts of interest. A proxy issue that will be voted in accordance with a stated ClearBridge position on such issue or in accordance with the recommendation of an independent third party is not brought to the Proxy Committee’s attention for a conflict of interest review because ClearBridge believes that to the extent a conflict of interest issue exists, voting in accordance with a pre-determined policy or in accordance with the recommendation of an independent third party resolves the issue. With respect to a conflict of interest brought to its attention, the Proxy Committee first determines whether the conflict is material. The Proxy Committee considers a conflict of interest material if it determines that the conflict likely will influence, or appear to influence, ClearBridge’s decision-making in voting proxies. If the Proxy Committee determines that a conflict of interest is not material, ClearBridge may vote proxies notwithstanding the existence of the conflict. If the Proxy Committee determines that a conflict of interest is material, the Proxy Committee is responsible for determining an appropriate method to resolve the conflict before ClearBridge votes the affected proxy. The Proxy Committee makes such materiality determinations based on the particular facts and circumstances, including the importance of the proxy issue and the nature of the conflict of interest. A client may request:
1. a copy of ClearBridge’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures; and/or
2. information concerning how ClearBridge voted proxies for securities held in the client’s account. Clients may obtain this information by sending a written request to:
ClearBridge Investments, LLC 620 8th Avenue, 47th Floor New York, NY 10018 Attention: Client Services
C. Western Asset
While proxy voting with respect to fixed income securities is rare, Western Asset has adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures to address the few instances where voting is required. Such policy and procedures are designed and implemented in a way that is reasonably expected to ensure that proxy voting matters are handled in the best interest of clients. Once proxy materials are received, they are processed in the following manner:
a. Proxies are reviewed to determine accounts impacted. b. Impacted accounts are checked to confirm Western Asset voting authority.
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c. A review is undertaken to identify any material conflicts of interest. d. If a material conflict of interest exists, (i) to the extent reasonably practicable and permitted by applicable law, the
client is promptly notified, the conflict is disclosed and Western Asset obtains the client's proxy voting instructions, and (ii) to the extent that it is not reasonably practicable or permitted by applicable law to notify the client and obtain such instructions, Western Asset seeks voting instructions from an independent third party.
e. Research analysts and portfolio managers determine votes on a case-by-case basis taking into account the voting
guidelines contained in Western Asset's procedures. Depending on the best interest of each individual client, Western Asset may vote the same proxy differently for different clients. The analyst's or portfolio manager's basis for their decision is documented.
f. Proxies are voted in accordance with the determination received from steps (d) or (e).
A full copy of the policy and procedures is available upon request. You may also request information detailing how proxies were voted with respect to securities held in your portfolio(s). Such requests may be made by sending a written request to:
Western Asset Management Company, LLC Attn: Legal and Compliance Dept. 385 E. Colorado Blvd. Pasadena, CA 91101
D. Other Subadvisers In the case of a Sub-Adviser other than ClearBridge or Western Asset, please refer to Item 17 of such Subadviser’s Form ADV disclosure document for a description of such Subadviser’s proxy voting practices.
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Item 18 FINANCIAL INFORMATION Not Applicable.
APPENDIX A
Your Privacy at ClearBridge Investments, LLC and Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC
This notice is being provided for each of ClearBridge Investments, LLC and Legg Mason Private Portfolio Group, LLC. We are concerned about the privacy of the individuals for whom we provide advisory services. We are sending this notice to individuals (“you”) who invest, for personal, family, or household purposes, in accounts that we manage. This is to help you understand how we handle, protect and limit certain nonpublic personal information that we may collect in order to conduct and process your business with us. The provisions of this notice apply to former individual advisory clients as well as current individual advisory clients unless we state otherwise. We protect any personal information we collect about you by maintaining physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that meet or exceed applicable law. Third parties who have access to such personal information must agree to follow appropriate standards of security and confidentiality. We train people who work for us in how to properly handle such personal information, and we restrict access to it. The personal information that we may collect about you comes from the following sources: • Information received from you, such as on applications or other forms. • Information about your transactions with us, our affiliates and nonaffiliated third parties; and • Information we may receive about you from other sources, such as your broker. Our affiliates are the family of companies controlled by Legg Mason, Inc. If you are a customer of other Legg Mason, Inc. affiliates and you receive notices from them, you will need to read those notices separately. We do not disclose any nonpublic personal information about you except as permitted by law. For example, we are permitted to disclose nonpublic personal information to our affiliates and non-affiliated third parties that perform various services on our behalf, including custodians, broker-dealers and companies that perform marketing services on our behalf or to other financial institutions with whom we have joint marketing agreements. These companies agree to use this information only for the services for which we hired them and are not permitted to use or share this information for any other purpose.
Your Privacy at Western Asset Management Company, LLC
Western Asset is committed to keeping nonpublic personal information about you secure and confidential. This notice is intended to help you understand how we fulfill this commitment. This privacy policy applies only to clients and former clients who are individuals. From time to time, we may collect a variety of personal nonpublic information about you, including:
• Information we receive from you on applications and forms, via the telephone, through our websites, correspondence, e-mail or other communications (including face-to-face meetings), such as your social security number, income, occupation and birth date;
• Information about your transactions with us, our affiliates, or others, such as your purchases, sales, or account
balances; and
• Information we receive from consumer reporting agencies, such as your credit worthiness and credit history. As a matter of policy, we do not disclose your nonpublic personal information, except as permitted by applicable law or regulation or as disclosed below. For example, we may share the information described above with others in order to process your transactions or service your accounts. We may also be obligated to disclose nonpublic personal information if required by the Securities and Exchange Commission or other federal or state regulatory agencies. We may also provide the information described above to companies that perform marketing or administrative services on our behalf, such as printing and mailing, or to other financial institutions with whom we have joint marketing agreements. We will require these companies to protect the confidentiality of this information and to use it only to perform the services for which we hired them. We do not supply your nonpublic personal information to third parties for their marketing purposes. With respect to our internal security procedures, we maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards that comply with federal standards to help protect your nonpublic personal information, and we restrict access to nonpublic, personal information about you to those employees who need to know that information to provide products or services to you. If you decide at some point either to close your account(s) or become an inactive customer, we will continue to adhere to the privacy policies and practices discussed above with respect to your nonpublic personal information. This notice is being provided on behalf of Western Asset.
APPENDIX B: EXPLANATIONS OF CERTAIN INVESTMENT RISKS This Appendix explains the main risks of loss associated with the investment management portfolios described in Item 8 of the brochure for which ClearBridge and/or Western Asset provide investment subadvisory services to LMPPG. Please refer to the portfolio descriptions for which of these main risks apply to each portfolio. As described in Item 8 of the brochure, the portfolios LMPPG, ClearBridge and Western Asset provide may also involve risks that are not identified or explained in the brochure or this Appendix. General Investment Risk. Stocks, bonds and other equity and fixed income securities may decline in value for any one or more of several reasons. The potential reasons these securities may decline in value are almost without limit and may not be foreseeable. Some common reasons securities may decline in value include:
(i) Actual or anticipated negative developments affecting the issuer of the securities or the assets backing the securities, including: losses, earnings, revenues, expenses, profit margins, cash flow, growth rates, component unavailability, dividend levels or other financial or business metrics that do not meet expectations; deterioration in financial position; competition; changes in technology or governmental regulation; loss of or failure to obtain customers, personnel or necessary government approvals; product failures; lawsuits; corruption; government investigations or enforcement actions; loss of intellectual property protection; and loss or reduction of benefits such as exclusive distribution or supplier rights.
(ii) Actual or anticipated negative developments affecting (a) one or more industries in which the issuer of the
securities participates, (b) in the case of governmental issuers, the tax base, economy or other attributes of the country or region where the issuer is located; or (c) in the case of securities backed by specified assets, the type of assets backing the securities, such as mortgages, finance receivables, toll roads, hospitals, etc.
(iii) Broader declines in security prices, including global, regional, country-specific, asset class-specific (e.g.,
equity, fixed income) and investment style-specific (e.g., growth, value) price declines. Potential reasons for these declines include changes in investor preferences; actual or anticipated global, regional or country-specific political, economic, regulatory or social developments (e.g., government changes, monetary policy, inflation, demographic changes, recessions), wars, terrorism, civil unrest, labor stoppages, infrastructure problems (e.g., power outages), and disasters such as earthquakes, floods, droughts, epidemics, oil spills, nuclear incidents, tsunamis, volcano activity, hurricanes and tornadoes.
Asset Allocation Risk. Allocation risk is the risk that the manager’s judgment about market trends and the relative attractiveness of particular asset classes, investment styles or strategies is incorrect. In addition, a manager’s investment models used in making asset allocation decisions may not adequately take into account certain factors or produce intended results over time, which may result in an account realizing a lower return than if the account were managed using another model or strategy. Below Investment Grade Risk. Below investment grade fixed income securities, which are sometimes referred to as “junk” bonds or high yield securities, are fixed income securities that are rated below Baa or BBB and unrated fixed income securities of comparable quality. These securities have a higher risk of declining in value and defaulting than investment grade (i.e., higher quality) fixed income securities. In particular, below investment grade fixed income securities typically are more volatile and involve greater credit risk than investment grade fixed income securities. See “High Volatility Risk” and “Credit Risk” below in this Appendix for explanations of these risks. Below investment grade fixed income securities also tend to be less liquid and more susceptible to general investment risk than investment grade fixed income securities. See “Illiquidity Risk” and “General Investment Risk” in this Appendix for explanations of these risks. Concentration Risk:
Geographic Concentration Risk. Geographic concentration risk is the risk of loss from concentrating investments in a particular geographic region, such as a single U.S. state or region, and not more broadly diversifying investments across multiple geographic regions. An investment management portfolio that concentrates investments in a particular geographic region will have a greater risk of loss from developments that negatively affect securities issuers with significant business or other financial exposure to the region. Examples of such developments include: regional disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes and floods; deteriorating finances of regional governmental securities issuers (e.g., states, municipalities); regional infrastructure problems such as power outages or transport
facility shutdowns or restrictions; and economic, demographic or regulatory changes that negatively affect the region’s business environment. Industry Concentration Risk. Industry concentration risk is the risk of loss from concentrating investments in a particular industry and not more broadly diversifying investments across multiple industries. An investment management portfolio that concentrates investments in a particular industry will have a greater risk of loss from developments that negatively affect companies in that industry. Examples of such developments include: regulatory or other government policy changes that negatively affect the industry; changes in business methods, technologies or consumer preferences that reduce demand for the industry’s products or services; alternative product/service competition from new or pre-existing industries; and shortages of, or increased costs for, industry personnel, raw materials or product components. Issuer Concentration Risk. Issuer concentration risk is the risk of loss from concentrating investments in individual securities (i.e., making larger investments in individual securities) instead of more broadly diversifying investments across a larger number of securities. An investment management portfolio that concentrates investments in individual securities will have a greater risk of loss from developments that negatively affect the issuers of those securities. See clause (i) of “General Investment Risk” above for examples of developments that may negatively affect the value of a particular issuer’s securities.
Credit Risk. Credit risk, which is sometimes referred to as “default risk”, is the risk that the value of a fixed income security will decline because of:
(1) investor perception that the security issuer’s or guarantor’s future payment of the principal and/or interest obligation represented by the security has become less likely, increasing the likelihood of default; or
(2) actual default by the issuer or guarantor of the security.
Below investment grade fixed income securities generally involve more credit risk than investment grade fixed income securities. See “Below Investment Grade Risk” above for a description of below investment grade fixed income securities. Developments that negatively affect the issuer or guarantor of a fixed income security, or the specified assets backing the security, often will increase the security’s level of credit risk. See “General Investment Risk” above for examples of such developments. Energy Sector Risk. Energy Sector risk includes the risks of declines in energy and commodity prices; decreases in energy demand; reduced volumes of energy commodities needing transportation, processing or storing; new construction and acquisition, which can limit growth potential; availability of competitively priced alternative energy sources; potential for technological obsolescence; threats of attack by terrorists; adverse weather conditions; natural or other disasters; and changes in government regulation and tax laws affecting the energy industry. Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Investing Risk. ESG investing risk is the risk that an ESG investment strategy may limit the number of investment opportunities available to a client portfolio invested in accordance with the strategy and, as a result, such client portfolio may underperform portfolios that are not subject to such criteria. For example, an ESG investment strategy may cause the portfolio managers to (1) forgo opportunities to purchase certain securities for a client portfolio it might otherwise be advantageous to buy, or (2) sell certain securities for a client portfolio it might otherwise be disadvantageous to sell. Extension Risk. Extension risk is the risk that issuers of fixed income securities, including mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities, will repay their obligations more slowly than the market anticipates in the event market interest rates rise. This repayment extension may cause the prices of these securities to fall because their interest rates are lower than market rates and they remain outstanding for longer than originally anticipated. High Volatility Risk. High volatility risk is the risk of loss associated with investments that tend to fluctuate in value more than other investments. An investment management portfolio with high volatility risk typically involves more speculative investments than a portfolio that does not have such risk. More speculative investments increase the client’s risk of loss. In addition, high volatility increases the chance that a client will incur significant investment losses if and when the client or the client’s investment manager decides to sell one or more securities held in the client’s account. Illiquidity Risk. Illiquidity risk is the risk that securities held in a client’s account may be difficult to sell at prices close to recent valuations because few or no market participants are willing to purchase the securities at such prices. This risk, which
generally is greater during times of market turmoil, may result in increased losses (or lesser gains) relative to sales of securities for which more active trading markets exist. Illiquidity risk may also result in client accounts realizing lower prices from smaller-sized sales of securities, including municipal bonds, that usually trade in larger amounts. For example selling a single $5,000 lot of a municipal bond for a client’s account may result in a lower per-bond price than a contemporaneous sale of a $100,000 lot of the same bond. Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that market interest rates will rise, causing fixed income security prices to fall. This risk stems from the tendency of increases in market interest rates to generally make payment obligations associated with already-outstanding fixed income securities less attractive to investors and therefore the securities themselves less valuable. The risk of securities price declines caused by interest rate increases generally is higher for fixed income securities with longer-term maturities. Mid Cap Risk. Mid cap risk is the additional risk of loss typically associated with investments in securities of mid cap companies. Negative company-specific developments tend to cause securities of mid cap companies to decline in value more than securities of large cap companies. See clause (i) of “General Investment Risk” above for examples of such developments. Reasons for mid cap companies’ increased risk of loss from such developments include the tendency of mid cap companies to have more limited product lines, operating histories, markets and financial resources, and also to be dependent on more limited management groups. Securities of mid cap companies also tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of large cap companies. See “High Volatility Risk” and “Illiquidity Risk” above. MLP-Related Risk. MLP-related risk includes the following:
• As compared to common stockholders of a corporation, holders of MLP units have more limited control and
limited rights to vote on matters affecting the partnership. Additionally, conflicts of interest may exist among common unit holders, subordinated unit holders and the general partner or managing member of an MLP.
• Certain MLPs in which the MLP portfolios may invest depend upon their parent or sponsor entities for the
majority of their revenues. If their parent or sponsor entities fail to make such payments or satisfy their obligations, the revenues and cash flows of such MLPs and ability of such MLPs to make distributions to unit holders would be adversely affected.
• The amount and tax characterization of cash available for distribution by an MLP depends upon the amount of
cash generated by such entity’s operations. Cash available for distribution by MLPs will vary widely from quarter to quarter and is affected by various factors affecting the entity’s operations.
• Changes in tax laws could adversely affect the MLPs in which a portfolio invests. Non-U.S. Investment Risk. Non-U.S. investment risk is the additional risk of loss typically associated with investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers. Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers tend to involve greater risk than investments in U.S. issuers. This increased risk arises from factors that include: many non-U.S. countries having securities markets that are less liquid and more volatile than U.S. securities markets; political and economic instability in some non-U.S. countries; lesser availability of issuer and market information in some non-U.S. countries; and less rigorous accounting and regulatory standards in some non-U.S. countries. In addition, currency exchange rate fluctuations may have a greater negative effect on the value of investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers. Non-U.S. investment risk is increased for securities issuers and markets in emerging market countries. Emerging markets tend to have economic, political and legal systems that are less developed and less stable than those of the United States and other developed countries. In addition, securities markets in emerging market countries may be relatively illiquid and subject to extreme price volatility. See “Illiquidity Risk” and “High Volatility Risk” above. Prepayment Risk. Issuers of many fixed income securities, including certain mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities, have the right to pay their payment obligations ahead of schedule. If interest rates fall, an issuer may exercise this right. If this happens, the investor’s ability to reinvest the prepayment proceeds and obtain the same yield will be diminished because of the lower market interest rates. In addition, prepayment may cause the investor to lose any premium paid upon purchase of the security. Small Cap Risk. Small cap risk is the additional risk of loss typically associated with investments in securities of small cap companies. Negative company-specific developments tend to cause securities of small cap companies to decline in value more than securities of large cap and mid cap companies. See clause (i) of “General Investment Risk” above for examples of
such developments. Reasons for small cap companies’ increased risk of loss from such developments include the tendency of small cap companies to have more limited product lines, operating histories, markets and financial resources, and also to be dependent on more limited management groups. Securities of small cap companies also tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of large cap and mid cap companies. See “High Volatility Risk” and “Illiquidity Risk” above.
QS Investors, LLC
• Form ADV Part 2A Brochure
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About Q
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US Large C First $25 mNext $75 Balance US Large C First $25 mNext $75 Balance US Large C On all asse
US MidCa
First $25 mNext $75 Balance
rd Fee Sche
ors offers the fortfolios, with
ities
ve Large Capi
million million
ve All Capital
million million
Capitalization
million million
Capitalization
million million
Capitalization
ets
pitalization (R
million million
edules
following stanh fees based o
italization Cor
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(Russell 1000
(S&P 500)
Enhanced
Russell Midcap
ndard annualizon the market
Activ
re
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.35% 0.25%
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.35% 0.25%
US Equity
0) Annual Fee
0.65% 0.35% 0.25%
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.35% 0.25%
Annual Fee 0.30%
p)
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.35% 0.25%
zed fee sched value of AUM
ve Quantitative
y (Active Facto
ules for the mM. These fees a
e Equity
M
M
or Investing)
M
M
M
M
management o are subject to
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann$75,000
Minimum Ann
$162,500
of institutional change.
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee 0
ual Fee
0
| 8
l separate
8
US Small C First $25 mNext $75 Balance
US Large C First $25 mNext $75 Balance US Small C First $25 mNext $75 Balance
DBI US On all asse
US Low Vo On all asse
Global E
Global Op First $25 mNext $75 Balance
Capitalization
million million
Capitalization
million million
Capitalization
million million
ets
olatility High D
ets
quities
pportunistic
million million
(Russell 2000
Managed Vo
Managed Vo
Dividend
)
Annual Fee 0.85% 0.70% 0.65%
Man
latility Annual Fee
0.65% 0.35% 0.25%
latility
Annual Fee 0.85% 0.70% 0.65%
Diversificat
Annual Fee 0.30%
Low V
Annual Fee 0.30%
Global Equ
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.50% 0.45%
aged Volatility
tion Based Inve
Volatility High
uity (Active Fac
M
y Equity
M
M
esting (“DBI”)
M
Dividend
M
ctor Investing)
M
Minimum Ann
$212,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$212,500
)
Minimum Ann$150,000
Minimum Ann$75,000
)
Minimum Ann
$162,500
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee 0
ual Fee 0
ual Fee
0
| 99
Global Env First $25 mNext $75 Balance Global Inf First $25 mNext $75 Balance Global Sm First $25 mNext $75 Balance Global Dy On all asse
Internation First $25 mNext $75 Balance Internation First $25 mNext $75 Balance Internation First $25 mNext $75 Balance
vironmental S
million million
lation-Sensitiv
million million
mall Capitalizat
million million
namic Long/S
ets
nal
million million
nal Small Cap
million million
nal Small Cap
million million
ocial and Gov
ve
tion (ACWI)
hort
I
italization (AC
italization (S&
vernance (“ESGAnnual Fee
0.65% 0.50% 0.45%
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.50% 0.45%
Annual Fee 0.85% 0.70% 0.60%
Annual Fee 0.95%
International E
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.50% 0.45%
CWI ex-US)
Annual Fee 0.85% 0.70% 0.60%
&P Developed e
Annual Fee 0.85% 0.70% 0.60%
G”)
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ex-US Small C
M
M
M
M
Factor Investi
M
M
Cap)) M
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$212,500
Minimum Ann$237,500
ing)
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$212,500
Minimum Ann
$212,500
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee 0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
| 100
Global Ma First $25 mNext $75 Balance Global Ma First $25 mNext $75 Balance Internation First $25 mNext $75 Balance European First $25 mNext $75 Balance UK Manag First $25 mNext $75 Balance Emerging First $25 mNext $75 Balance Asia Pacifi First $25 mNext $75 Balance
anaged Volatil
million million
anaged Volatil
million million
nal Managed
million million
Managed Vol
million million
ged Volatility
million million
Markets Man
million million
c ex-Japan Ma
million million
lity
lity Enhanced
Volatility
latility
aged Volatility
anaged Volati
Man
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.50% 0.45%
Annual Fee
0.65% 0.50% 0.45%
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.45% 0.35%
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.45% 0.35%
Annual Fee 0.65% 0.35% 0.25%
y Annual Fee
0.80% 0.70% 0.60%
ility Annual Fee
0.80% 0.70% 0.60%
aged Volatility
y Equity
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$162,500
Minimum Ann
$200,000
Minimum Ann
$200,000
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
| 11
DBI Globa First $100Next $400Balance DBI Intern First $100Next $400Balance DBI Emerg First $25 mNext $75 Balance DBI World First $100Next $400Balance DBI ACWI First $100Next $400Balance
Internation On all asse Emerging On all asse
l
million 0 million
ational (EAFE)
million 0 million
ging Markets
million million
d ex-Australia
million 0 million
Plus ex-Austr
million 0 million
nal Low Volat
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Markets Low
ets
)
ralia
ility High Divid
Volatility High
Annual Fee 0.60% 0.50% 0.40%
Annual Fee 0.50% 0.40% 0.30%
Annual Fee 0.80% 0.70% 0.60%
Annual Fee 0.40% 0.30% 0.20%
Annual Fee 0.70% 0.60% 0.50%
Low V
dend Annual Fee
0.40%
h Dividend Annual Fee
0.50%
DBI
Volatility High
M
M
M
M
M
Dividend
M
M
Minimum Ann
$300,000
Minimum Ann
$250,000
Minimum Ann
$200,000
Minimum Ann
$200,000
Minimum Ann
$350,000
Minimum Ann$100,000
Minimum Ann$100,000
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee
0
ual Fee 0
ual Fee 0
| 122
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| 13
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| 14
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| 15
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| 16
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| 17
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pportunities to
fees with an a
ay take on exc
nerate perform
d implementence fee-based 12 (Brokeragees.
mance of specdividual contri
s formal pricinble or unreliab
As such, portounts within a nts and may p mentioned abd on the perfocounts, in add
stment strategunts. Althouglar portfolio ccal holdings. It
mes, which mal accounts wit
| 18
nstead of accounts, the
o accounts
aim to inflate
cessive risk
mance fees.
d to ensure arrangementse Practices) of
ific accounts, butions to
g policies andle.
tfolio given
present bove, QS ormance of dition to other
gies. The Firm h QS Investorsharacteristics,t is important ay lead to a thin a given
8
e
s f
d
r
s
strategy, iinvestmento differenstrategy. Pensure fai
For a variewhile recowithdrawaprocess.
Certain ofsecurities arrangemewhile holddecrease o
Occasionaopposite tportfolio caccounts idifferentlypurposes, despite itsessentiallyby shortincontrols itopposite p
Since certaprocedureensure tha(“Compliafrom the ano inadveno strategbeing syst
nvestment dent objectives, rnt investment Please see Itemr and equitab
ety of reasons,ommending itsal in a particul
f QS Investors’ both long andents exist, theding the same of its value; co
ally, QS Investo transaction by construction ru n other stratey for different a long-only as sell classificaty betting againg it. Both pos is possible fo
positions in th
ain client posies specifically dat all of the Firance”) review appropriate inrtent cross tra
gies or accounematically disa
cisions are ma risk tolerance, decisions, andm 12 (Brokeragle treatment o
, QS Investors s purchase forlar account, Q
’ investment pd short (“side-re may be ins security short
onversely, purc
ors may purch selling it shorules used for c
egies, including investment stccount may htion because inst it. At the sitions reflect ar different acce same securi
tions may be designed to adrm’s clients ar opposite tranvestment team
ansactions. In ats, including tadvantaged.
ade specifically investment gd ultimately dge Practices) o
of all client acc
may simultanr another. For
QS Investors m
professionals m-by-side manatances in whict in another acchasing a secu
hase a securityrt in other acc client accountg accounts thtrategies, and old an underw
t is a large beame time, QS
a negative retucounts managty.
conflicted undddress side-byre treated fairlsactions and pm, if necessary addition, they those paying p
y to meet the uidelines, avaifferent perforof this Brochucounts.
neously recom example, if thay sell a secur
may manage logement arranch QS Investoccount (or viceurity may resu
y in long-only acounts, or vicets in a particulat hold short the timing of weight positionchmark cons Investors mayurn expectatio
ged under diffe
der these array-side managey and equitab
positions in thy. They also rey periodically r performance f
unique objecilable funds ormance, even re for more d
mmend the salehe Firm needsrity that is clas
ong-only accongements”). Wrs holds a longe versa). Sellin
ult in an increa
accounts on te versa. The stolar investment positions. As trades may d
on in a particustituent. Undey be betting aon for the secuerent investm
ngements, QSement arrangebly. QS Investohe same secureview opposit
review accoun fees, appear to
ctives of each cor other restric among similaetail on contro
e of a particuls to raise cash ssified as a bu
ounts alongsidWhen side-by-sg position in ang a security sase in its value
the same day tock selection t strategy may a result, securiffer. For examlar security re
erweighting thagainst the security. The Firment strategies
S Investors hasements that aors’ compliancities for validite transactions
nt performanco receive prefe
client. Differections/prohibitar accounts wiols reasonably
ar security for for a redempy by the Firm’
de accounts thside managem
a security in oshort may resue.
the Firm execu models, risk cy differ from trities may be vmple, for risk clative to its behe security in tcurity in a diff
m believes thats to both bene
s implementere reasonably
ce personnel ty, obtaining js to ensure thae dispersion toerential treatm
| 19
nces in clientsions may leadithin the samey designed to
r one accounttion or ’s investment
hat buy ment ne account ult in a
utes an controls and hose used forviewed control enchmark this case is erent accountt with its risk efit by holding
d policies and designed to
ustification at there are o ensure that ment or are
9
s’
e
t
g
ITEM 7
QS Invest
QS Investotypes, incl
C
Pe
Ta
In
C
En
St
Fo
Re
FoSp
C
Pr
Se
O
Manage
Discretionof instituti
Non-discremay use oan advisor
Conditio
Dependinga conditioHowever, separate-afees.
The minimmanaged account m
7 - Types o
tors manages
ors provides (ouding, but no
orporations;
ension and pr
aft-Hartley pla
nsurance comp
haritable orga
ndowments a
tate and local
oreign govern
egistered inve
oreign funds, pecialized Inve
ollective trust
rivate investm
ection 529 co
Other US and in
ed Account
ary model-basional clients.
etionary modeour services tory relationship
ons for Op
g on the natun for opening the minimumaccount clients
mum investme account prog
minimum or es
of Clients
s separate ac
or has provideot limited to:
ofit-sharing p
ans;
panies;
anizations;
nd foundation
governmenta
ment entities,
estment comp
such as Undeestment Funds
s;
ent funds (inc
llege savings p
nternational in
t Programs
sed and LMPP
el-based progo assist them i with these cl
ening or M
re of the servig or maintainin
m account size s must execut
ent amount thgrams is $25,0stablish higher
s
ccounts for b
d) institutiona
lans;
ns;
al entities;
, including sov
anies, includin
rtakings for Cs (“SIFs”);
cluding so-call
plans; and
nstitutions.
s
PG-implement
ram clients m n managing
ients.
Maintaining
ices to be provng an account may be waivete advisory con
hat applies to, 000. LMPPG ar or lower min
both institutio
al investment a
vereign funds;
ng mutual fun
ollective Inves
ed “hedge fu
ted program c
may include ba their own und
g an Accou
vided, QS Invet. The minimued and/or channtracts with Q
or in the caseand QS Investnimums under
onal and reta
advisory and s
;
nds and ETFs;
stment in Tran
nds”);
clients may in
anks, broker-dderlying client
unt
estors may requm account siznged at QS In
QS Investors th
e of non-discrtors, in consur a particular m
ail clients.
sub-advisory s
nsferable Secu
nclude individu
dealers or othts. Neither LM
quire a minimze generally is nvestors’ sole dhat stipulate th
retionary progultation with t managed acco
services to a va
urities (“UCITS
uals as well as
her investmenMPPG nor QS
um dollar valu either $25 mdiscretion. Prohe terms of se
grams, is reco the sponsor, mount program
| 20
ariety of client
S”) and
s various type
t advisers tha Investors hav
ue of AUM as illion.
ospective ervice and
mmended for may waive th.
0
t
s
at e
r, e
The investare specifiinvestors acomminglthe govern
tment minimued in their go
and some QS ed fund invesning documen
ms and investoverning docum Investors emptors must exe
nts.
tor qualificatioments. Institutployees may becute subscript
ons for the cotional clients, e eligible to intion or similar
mmingled fun qualified invenvest in some agreements b
nds QS Investoestors, accredit of these combinding them
ors manages oted investors, mingled funds to the terms s
| 2
or sub-advises retail s. Prospective
stipulated in
1
ITEM 8
Method
QS InvestoinvestmenInvestors’ a multifacthey are re
The follow
US Equiti
US Equity
Strategies US Mid Ca
In its activfundamenThese stratrading, re
QS Investoappropriatcompany dday acrosscategoriessentimentincludes mand proprsectors anto use onlfactors.
The Firm stypically band value)develop a structure vpurchasesFirm typicacountry an
8 - Metho
ds of Analy
ors offers a nunt models. The portfolio constor risk modeeleased for ex
wing is a brief
es
(Active Factor
include: US Lapitalization a
e factor investntal analysis totegies are cha
esulting in we
ors constructs te asset class a data. For eachs certain fundas based on eith-oriented dim
multiple measuietary measurd markets or y those factor
scores each stoased on sever) and market c more comple
vary by investm stocks scoredally holds posind region alloc
ods of Ana
ysis and Inv
umber of diffeese models usestruction procl. All trades arecution.
description of
r Investing)
arge Capitaliznd US Small C
ting strategieso objectively scaracterized by ll diversified a
an investable according to ch strategy, theamentally basher valuation ensions assess
ures of attractes that its rese at all times, Qrs that are dee
ock from multral of the follo capitalization.te picture of ement strategyd as “buys” anitions in securcation decisio
alysis, Inv
vestment St
rent investmee financial datess incorporatre reviewed by
f certain of the
zation, US Larg Capitalization
s, QS Investorscore the relativ rigorous, botnd style neutr
stock univers criteria relatede Firm scores ted categories or sentiment. s earnings, groiveness called earch indicate
QS Investors apemed most pre
tiple viewpoinowing conside By incorporat
each stock’s re. Subject to mnd sell stocks sities that are sns are made u
vestment
trategies
ent strategies tta provided thtes multiple ley at least two
e institutional
ge Capitalizat
s uses disciplinve attractiventom-up stock ral portfolios, w
se for these strd to trade voluthe relative att known as “d Valuation-oriowth, expecta “factors.” QS
es are predictivpplies them seedictive at a p
nts. These scorrations: sectorting such diveelative attract
market environ scored as “sel significant ben using propriet
Strategie
that are manahrough databaevels of risk co portfolio man
investment st
ion Enhanced
ned, systematess of an inve selection, inte with moderat
rategies by scrume, analyst ctractiveness ofimensions.” Tented dimensations and behS Investors’ larve of excess reelectively baseparticular time
res represent vr, country, regerse perspectiviveness. The b
nment and risklls.” However,nchmark constary models an
es and Ris
aged utilizing ases licensed fontrol. The Firmnagers for risk
trategies offer
(lower trackin
ic techniques estable universegrated risk cote active bets v
reening all listcoverage and af all stocks in These dimensiosions assess vahavioral chararge factor libreturn. Since nd on periodic
e and are least
various investmgion, investmeves in our scorbuy and sell rak controls, QS , for purposes
stituents regarnd the insights
sk of Loss
its proprietary from multiple m optimizes p
k control purpo
red by QS Inve
ng error),
based on tradse of liquid stoontrol and cos
versus the ben
ted securities w availability of its investable ons fall into b
alue and cash acteristics. Eacary includes bot all factors w retesting. Thet correlated w
ment perspectent style (suchres, QS Investoanges within t Investors gens of risk manardless of scores of the invest
| 22
s
y, quantitative vendors. QS portfolios usingoses before
estors:
ditional ocks daily. st-efficient nchmark.
within the reliable universe everybroader flow, while h dimension
both traditiona work in all e objective is
with other
tives and are as growth ors seeks to his scoring
nerally gement, the
e. Sector, tment team.
2
g
y
al
These straare mispricenvironme
Managed
Strategies
QS Investorisk-adjustuse diversedividends.
Diversifica
Strategies
QS Investodevelopingstock selec
QS Investoinvestmenmarket caperformanhave demoweighted quarterly.
The proce
• G
• Mb
• A
DBI is impindices baBrochure fis to produ
Low Volat
Strategies
QS Investoinvestmenmore stab
tegies also seeced. Each of tent. Generally
Volatility Equi
include: US L
ors’ Managed ted returns vee risk perspec
tion-Based Inv
include: DBI U
ors’ DBI US strg a diversifiedction and uses
ors utilizes a pnt categories bpitalization. Tnce into a smaonstrated a te to produce a
ss and strateg
eography and
Market sentimeuild and collap
A more diversif
lemented andsed on our DBfor informatiouce above-ave
tility High Divid
include: US L
ors’ Low Volatnt objective. Thle income thro
ek long-term these strategie
, QS Investors
ity
arge Capitaliz
Volatility stratrsus the marktives, includin
vesting (“DBI”)
US
rategies seek t exposure to is analysis of in
roprietary rulebased on indushe process thealler number oendency to be highly diversif
gy is based on
d industries ar
ent can lead topse; and
fied portfolio c
d offered throuBI methodologon about the Ferage long-ter
dend
ow Volatility H
tility High Dividhe strategy is ough investm
capital growthes seeks to ous seeks to add
zation Manage
tegies are deset. Offering dg a fundamen
”)
to take advantindustries. DBndustry correla
es-based procstry. Within eaen combines tof “clusters.” Ahave similarly fied portfolio.
three key bel
e the primary
o momentum
can help avoid
ugh regional mgy. Please see Firm’s commerrm wealth wit
High Dividend
dend strategie designed to trents in stocks
h by investingtperform thei value over a f
ed Volatility, U
signed to provownside protental view, and
tage of macroI US focuses pations to dete
ess that initialach of these in those investm A cluster is a g (high correlat These portfol
iefs:
drivers of glo
effects that c
d concentratio
mandates, or Item 10 (Othercially availablh better risk-a
d
es use a “passrack the inves of profitable
g in common sr respective be
full market cy
US Small Capit
vide a strong yection and up
d invest only in
o and behavio purely on top-
rmine weight
lly groups a re nvestment catment categorie group of investion). Thereaftlios are recons
obal equity risk
cause concent
on risk and les
may be acceser Financial Ine indices. The
adjusted return
sive” or indexitment results US companie
stocks that theenchmark indcle of three to
talization Man
yield componepside return pon stocks that a
ral inefficienc-down allocatis of stocks.
elevant universtegories, secus with more hstment categoter, each of thstituted annua
k and return;
tration risk in e
ssen downside
sed through cdustry Activiti
e investment ons than their i
ing investmen of an index. T
es with relative
e investment tex regardless
o five years.
naged Volatilit
ent while achieotential, these
are expected t
ies in various ons rather tha
se of securitierities are weig
highly correlateories based onhese clusters aally and rebala
equity market
e risk.
commercially aies and Affiliat
objective of th index.
nt approach toThe index seekely high divide
| 23
team believes of the market
ty
eving superiore strategies to pay
markets by an bottom-up
es into multipleghted by ed historical n industry thatare equally anced
ts that tend to
available tions) of this ese strategies
o achieve its ks to provide end yields and
3
t
r
e
t
o
lower pricInvestors. whose yieannually asuperior riof this Bro
Global Eq
Global Equ
Strategies
These stra(Active Fac
QS Investoenvironmeselection mpertaining
QS Investoexpected tdown inflacriteria sen
Internation
Strategies
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Managed
Strategies European Managed
QS Investorisk-adjustuse diversedividends.
DBI
Strategies ex-Austral
e and earning Stocks in the lds are not su
and rebalancedsk-adjusted re
ochure for add
quities
uity (Active Fa
include: Glob
tegies use a bctor Investing)
ors’ ESG strateental, social an model with a g to ESG consi
ors’ Global Inf to do best in sationary regimnsitive to Con
nal Equity (Ac
include: Inter
tegies use a bctor Investing)
Volatility Equi
include: Glob Managed Vol Volatility
ors’ Managed ted returns vee risk perspec
include: DBI Gia
gs volatility. Th index must hapported by ead quarterly. Theturns versus tditional inform
actor Investing
bal Opportunis
bottom-up, co).
egy is designednd governance proprietary ESderations such
lation-Sensitiv specific inflatiome positioningsumer Price In
ctive Factor Inv
rnational, Inte
bottom-up, co).
ity
bal Managed Vlatility, UK Ma
Volatility stratrsus the marktives, includin
Global, DBI Int
he index is basave demonstraarnings are exche index is des the market. Plmation relating
g)
stic, Global ES
ore investment
d to identify ae issues. This s
SG model thath as human ri
ve Equity stratonary environ within a broa
ndex (CPI) mea
vesting)
rnational Sma
ore investment
Volatility, Globanaged Volatil
tegies are deset. Offering dg a fundamen
ternational (EA
sed on a propated profitabicluded from tsigned to provlease see Itemg to the Firm’s
SG, Global Infl
t process, simi
attractive stock strategy integt uses positive ghts, product
egy is designements. This stad global equiasures.
all Capitalizatio
t process, simi
bal Managed Vity, Emerging
signed to provownside protental view, and
AFE), DBI Eme
rietary metholity over the la
the index. Thevide a strong y
m 10 (Other Fins use of self-in
ation-Sensitiv
lar to that wh
ks that meet cgrates QS Inves screening me
t safety and en
ed to identify ttrategy combiity universe. T
on
lar to that wh
Volatility Enha Markets Man
vide a strong yection and up
d invest only in
erging Market
dology createast four fiscal e index’s comp yield componnancial Industndexing.
ve, Global Sma
hich is describe
client-specific stors’ fundamethodology incnvironmental s
the sectors annes bottom-u
This product is
hich is describe
anced, Internanaged Volatilit
yield componepside return pon stocks that a
ts, DBI World e
ed and sponso quarters as a ponents are reent while achry Activities an
all Capitalizati
ed above und
requirements mentally-based
corporating m strategy.
nd securities thp stock select managed usi
ed above und
ational Managty, Asia Pacific
ent while achieotential, these
are expected t
ex-Australia, D
| 24
ored by QS whole. Stockseconstituted ieving nd Affiliations
on
er US Equity
related to stock
multiple factor
hat are tion with top-ng selection
er US Equity
ged Volatility, c ex-Japan
eving superiore strategies to pay
DBI ACWI Plus
4
s
)
s
r
s
QS Investodevelopingbottom-up
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The proce
• G
• Mb
• A
DBI is impindices baBrochure fis to produ
Low Volat
Strategies
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Liquid Alt
The Liquidclasses. Thhelp inves
ors’ DBI strategg a diversifiedp stock selecti
ors utilizes a pnt categories b by market cap historical pergeography an
hese clusters aand rebalanced
ss and strateg
eography and
Market sentimeuild and collap
A more diversif
lemented andsed on our DBfor informatiouce above-ave
tility High Divid
include: Inter
ors’ Low Volatnt objective. Thle income throe and earning Stocks in the lds are not su
and rebalancedsk-adjusted re
ochure for add
ternatives
d Alternatives hese products tors diversify a
gies seek to ta exposure to con and uses a
roprietary rulebased on geogpitalization. Thrformance intond sector that re equally wed quarterly.
gy is based on
d sectors are t
ent can lead topse; and
fied portfolio c
d offered throuBI methodologon about the Ferage long-ter
dend
rnational LVHD
tility High Dividhe strategy is ough investm
gs volatility. Th index must hapported by ead quarterly. Theturns versus tditional inform
platform is co target absolu
across multipl
ake advantage countries and analysis of cou
es-based procgraphy and seche process theo a smaller nu have demonsighted to prod
three key bel
he primary dr
o momentum
can help avoid
ugh regional mgy. Please see Firm’s commerrm wealth wit
D, Emerging M
dend strategie designed to trents in stocks
he index is basave demonstraarnings are exche index is des the market. Plmation relating
omprised of prte returns wite asset classes
e of macro an sectors. DBI f
untry and sect
ess that initialctor. Within een combines tmber of “clustrated a tendeduce a highly
iefs:
ivers of globa
effects that c
d concentratio
mandates, or Item 10 (Othercially availablh better risk-a
Markets LVHD
es use a “passrack the inves of profitable sed on a propated profitabicluded from tsigned to provlease see Itemg to the Firm’s
roducts that hth low correlats. The platform
d behavioral i focuses purelytor correlation
lly groups a reeach of these i those investmesters.” A clustency to behav diversified po
l equity risk an
cause concent
on risk and les
may be acceser Financial Ine indices. The
adjusted return
sive” or indexitment results US companierietary metholity over the la
the index. Thevide a strong y
m 10 (Other Fins use of self-in
have daily liquition to major m includes thr
inefficiencies iy on top-downs to determin
elevant univers investment caent categoriester is a group ove similarly (higortfolio. These
nd return;
tration risk in e
ssen downside
sed through cdustry Activiti
e investment ons than their i
ing investmen of an index. T
es with relativedology createast four fiscal e index’s comp yield componnancial Industndexing.
idity and expo traditional assree strategies:
in various marn allocations rae weights of s
se of securitietegories, secus with more h of investmentgh correlation portfolios are
equity market
e risk.
commercially aies and Affiliat
objective of thindex.
nt approach toThe index seekely high divideed and sponso quarters as a ponents are reent while achry Activities an
osure to alternset classes wh
| 25
rkets by ather than
stocks.
es into multipleurities are ighly t categories n). Thereafter, e reconstituted
ts that tend to
available tions) of this ese strategies
o achieve its ks to provide end yields andored by QS whole. Stockseconstituted ieving nd Affiliations
native asset ich seek to
5
e
d
o
s
)
Global Ma
The Globastrategy a
global stocworld in aInterBank strategy.
Global Tac
GTAA seeand commterm valuafutures, eqindividual
Customiz
The Custoneeds. Accmethodoloportfolios either disctake both include:
Multi-Asse
The Multi-allocation mutual fuoutlooks, horizons, Certain ofinvest in fuand Mana(Fees and ParticipatioCompensareceived band from
Risk Mana
Target Risinvestors t
arket Neutral E
al Market Neuims to mainta
ck market mopproximately Offered Rate
ctical Asset Al
ks to identify modity marketation ideas. Thquity index fut client objectiv
zed Solutions
omized Solutiocounting for eogies that syst that respond cretionary or n long and sho
et Allocation (
-Asset Allocat across a broands, ETFs, futu market equilib mapping out
f these strategunds or assetsager/Fund Sele Compensatioon or Interest ation) of this B
by QS Investors Underlying M
agement Advis
k strategies sethrough expos
Equity
tral Equity strain zero beta e
ovements on o equal dollar a (“LIBOR”). LIB
llocation (“GTA
and take advas. A risk budghe strategy catures, commoves and needs
s
ons platform e each client’s intematically co to changing mnon-discretionrt positions in
(may also be re
ion strategy isd spectrum ofures, and othebrium and tac an efficient fr
gies are implems managed by ection Advisorn), Item 10 (O in Client Tran
Brochure for as and QS Inveanagers.
sory Services
eek to offer atsure to a diver
ategy seeks caexposure (i.e., overall performamounts and sBOR is not inte
AA”)
antage of percgeting process n invest globa
odity futures, cs.
employs a rangnvestment objmbine quantit
market conditary arrangeme futures and c
eferred to as S
s designed to ef asset classeser instrumentsctical signals toontier betwee
mented as Fun QS Investors y Services” an
Other Financiansactions and a discussion ofstors Affiliates
ttractive returnrsified set of a
apital apprecia achieve overa
mance) by inve sizes. The straended to para
ceived mispric balances sho
ally in long and currency forwa
ge of tools to jectives and ristative, qualitaions and oppoents, and the
currency forwa
Strategic Asse
enhance returs. The strategys. QS Investorso derive returnen the probab
nd-of-Funds a or QS Investond “QS-Managl Industry Acti Personal Tradf the conflicts s from QS-Adv
ns over time masset classes. E
ation indepenall market neu
esting in long tegy seeks to
allel the risk or
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create investmsk tolerance, Qtive and behaortunities. The products mayard contracts.
et Allocation)
rns and proacty gains exposus’ proprietary n forecasts frobility of meetin
nd Manager-ors Affiliates. Pged Sleeves anivities and Aff
ding) and Item of interest facvised Funds, A
matched with Exposure to as
dent of stock utrality thereby
and short pos outperform tr investment s
country equityment, mediumons in exchangps and can be
ment productsQS Investors u
avioral analysise platform cany invest in mut. Examples of
tively manageure to these as forecasting mom investable ng objectives a
of-Managers aPlease see the nd QS-Advisediliations), Item 14 (Client Reced by QS InvAffiliated Fund
the risk prefesset classes is v
market directy limiting the
sitions throughe three-mon
style of the inv
y, country debm-term cyclical
ge-traded sove customized t
s that meet cluses proprietas to provide dyn be implementual funds and Customized S
e risk through sset classes by
module integra assets across
and downside
arrangements sections “Assd Funds” belo
m 11 (Code of eferrals and Otvestors relatedds and Non-Af
rence and tole varied over tim
| 26
tion. The effects of
hout the th London vestment
bt, currency and long-
vereign debt to meet
ients’ specific ry tools and ynamic nted through d ETFs and
Solutions
intelligent y investing in ates economic various time e risk.
, and may set Allocation ow and Item 5 Ethics, ther to fees ffiliated Funds
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6
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| 27
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by increasing la that takes
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t period of increase in nt of the ly uses the behalf of a
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| 28
strategy is through d earnings and sponsoredrs as a whole. d to provide a
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| 29
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| 30
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| 3
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| 32
economy licensed firms, orts), and compare
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| 33
This section ver, it is not nts are subjecpes of
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stment ssociated withconsult with
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ation Risk. Som
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wth and Valuel equity marketive to marketectations will an other investocks may rem
with investors w
apitalization R n one capitaliz
favor in comp
italization Stoents than larg Their stocks m
may involve g
e issuer or the losses on ind
curities may be
difficult to valu securities thaccount. Furtheing illiquid. If lient account
orating security
nvestors may ties for a perio
egotiated tran33 Act), or purulations permithe 1933 Act.
d and illiquid srice as well as
me investment
h makes thesesure than mors, governmentes investmenatively affect t
e Investing) Riet while the mt movements b not be met, thstments becaumain undervalu
which could re
isk. Risks mayzation range (
parison to othe
ock Risk. Small
ger, better-esta may be less liqgreater risk tha
e competitive ividual securit
e difficult to se
ue. While the t meet certain
ermore, marke a client accoumay be forcedy is unable to
invest in restrod of time (e.gsactions, pursrsuant to an et the sale of ce
securities may to take advan
t strategies ma
e strategies inhre diversified st actions and ts in a smaller
those issuers t
isk. Growth o
market concen because their he prices of guse they oftenued. At any po
esult in the str
y vary dependi(i.e., either lar
ers.
cap compani
ablished compquid and morean investing in
environment, ties.
ell, or be illiqu
investable unin liquidity requet liquidity mayunt is forced tod to sell at a lo be sold becau
icted securitieg., during a “l
suant to a regiexemption fromertain restricte
y restrict QS Inntage of other
ay be less dive
herently riskiestrategies to sp other countryr number of is
than a client a
r value securit
trates on othe market pricesrowth securiti
n do not pay doint in time, a
rategy underp
ng upon an isge, mid or sm
es may be mo
panies and mae volatile thann the securities
or investor se
uid, particularl
iverse for mosuirements, illiqy deteriorate, o sell an illiquoss or at a pricuse the marke
es for some clilock-up period
istration statem registrationed securities o
nvestors abilityr market oppo
ersified than o
er. Strategies inpecific economy- or region-spssuers will havaccount that in
ties as a group
er types of secs tend to refleces typically fa
dividends. The an investment
performing oth
ssuer’s marketmall cap stocks
ore vulnerable
ay have limitedn larger stockss of larger com
entiment. Acc
ly during time
st of QS Investquid securities resulting in aid asset to mece lower thanet is illiquid, lo
ent accounts. d”) or may on
ment filed unn, such as Ruleonly to investo
y to dispose ofortunities.
others in terms
nvesting solelymic cycles, stopecific issues. ve a greater risnvests in a gre
p may be out
curities. Growct future expell. Growth sec value approa style (i.e., gro
her investmen
t capitalizations) take on the
e to adverse bu
d product lines or market avmpanies.
ounts may ex
es of market tu
tors’ primary is may be purc holding that
eet redemptio QS Investors
osses may be m
QS Investors nly be able to s
der the Secure 144 or Rule ors that meet c
f investments
s of region, co
y in one counock market flu Furthermore, sk of loss fromeater number
of favor and u
wth securities tectations. Whecurities may alch to investin
owth or value)
nt styles.
n. Strategies t risk that one
usiness or eco
es, markets or verages in gen
| 34
perience
urmoil. Illiquid
nvestment hased from was n requests or believes is
magnified.
may not be sell the
ities Act of 144A under certain
in a timely
ountry, sector
try or region ctuations, a client m of issuers.
underperform
ypically are en it appears lso be more g involves the) may be out
hat invest category may
onomic
financial eral and
4
,
e
Foreign Inin the US. actions, suthe financalso have the disrupaddition, laccountinginvolve gregains or ad
Emerging have econmore advadevelopedmay be ina
Investing ior the impoccur, inve
Certain emThese rest
Several emInflation amarkets o
Lower tradmarkets minstability account p
Economiesadversely controls, mthose cou
Custodial client accocircumstan
The risks asubstantia
vestment Risk These countruch as currenccial markets in a harmful impted financial mess informatiog and regulatoeater risk thandd to investm
and Frontier Mnomic and polanced countried markets. Lawadequate, esp
n emerging coposition of resestors could lo
merging marketrictions may l
merging countnd rapid fluctf certain emer
ding volumes may experience or fluctuationerformance.
s in emerging by the econom managed adjuntries.
and/or settlemount that are tnces whereby
associated wital losses.
k. Foreign cou
ies may have cy controls or these countri
pact on the se markets, and ton about issueory standards n investments ent losses.
Markets Investitical systems es. Legal systews regulating specially compa
ountries involvtrictions on foose all or a po
et countries re imit QS Invest
tries have expetuations in inflrging countrie
in emerging me dramatic swns will not occ
countries genmic conditionsustments in rel
ment systems traded in such the applicable
h investing in
ntries may hav
economic, po seizures of pries and the abcurities of issu
this could negers and marke than in the U in securities o
tment Risk. Em
that are less dems in some e securities tranared to the leg
ves the risk oforeign investmortion of their
estrict or conttors’ investme
erienced substlation rates mes.
markets may rwings in the va
ur and, if they
nerally depends of the countlative currency
may not be fuh markets ande client custod
emerging ma
ve markets th
litical or sociaivate business
bility of issuersuers located egatively affect ets is available US. As a resultof US issuers. C
merging mark
developed, andmerging mark
nsactions and gal and regula
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rol foreign invnt opportunit
tantial, and inay have very n
result in a lacklue of their cuy do occur, tha
d heavily upontries with whicy values and o
ully developed entrusted to dian will have
arkets could ad
at are less liqu
al instability anses or propertys there to repalsewhere who the value and in some foreit, investments Currency fluct
kets, including
d can be expekets countries investor proteatory framewo
n, nationalizat repatriation ofn that country
vestment in thies in those m
n some cases e negative effec
k of liquidity aurrencies. Therat they will no
n internationach they trade other protectio
d in certain em sub-custodian limited or no
dversely affect
uid, less regula
nd may experiey. Such eventsay their obligao have significd liquidity of aign countries s in securities otuations could
frontier mark
ected to be less may be less dection, and enork in more de
tion, confiscatf capital invesy.
heir securities markets.
extremely highcts on the eco
nd increased re can be no aot have a mate
l trade and, a as well as tradonist measure
merging markens may be exp liability.
t account perf
ated and mor
ence negatives could significations. These ecant exposure an account’s in because of les of foreign issud also erase in
kets in particu
ss stable, than developed thaforcement of
eveloped mark
tion of assets ated. Should su
markets to va
h, rates of inflnomies and se
price volatility assurance thaterial adverse e
ccordingly, mde barriers, exs imposed or
ets. Further, thposed to risk u
formance and
| 35
re volatile than
e government cantly disrupt
events could to issuers in nvestments. Inss rigorous uers may vestment
lar, typically
n those of an in these laws, kets.
and property uch an event
arying degrees
ation. ecurities
y. These t currency
effect on
ay be affectedxchange negotiated by
he assets of a under certain
d result in
5
n
n
.
d
y
Foreign Cuas the excexchange and foreighold foreigrate risk. Ccosts relat
If permittecertain cuexchange that it willlower retuhedging in
Income Trinterests aequities, dfrom an oREITs, whiof their storesources,operating in such pa
REITs are sdifficultiesunderlyingdefaults along as th
Investmendiscussion
Master Limexchange.allocated t
InvestmenRisk).
Tracking Sfinancial ptracking st
urrency Risk. T
hange rates b rates can be vgn governmengn securities tClient accountted to repatria
ed by clients, Qrrencies, with rates. Howeve successfully h
urns or even lon the Firm’s tr
rusts, includingare traded on sdebt instrumenperating entitch invest in reock equity into such as oil an entity is passeayments being
subject to the s associated wg real estate and failure to qey distribute a
nts in income t below under
mited Partners. Because MLP their proportio
nts in MLPs ma
Stocks Risk. Tr
performance otocks may dec
The value of in
between those volatile and arnts or central b that do not hets that transacating foreign c
QS Investors m the objective er, there is nohedge currencosses to client aditional inves
g Real Estate I securities exchnts, royalty intty carrying on eal estate; (b) o an income tnd gas ventureed through tog taxed at the
risks associatewith its valuatio
ssets, inability qualify for spe at least 90% o
trusts (includin Tax Risk).
ships (“MLPs”)Ps are classifieonate share of
ay have tax im
acking stocks,
of specific buscrease even if
nvestments in
e currencies anre affected by
banks, the impedge against cct in foreign securrencies to t
may use forwa of protecting
o guarantee thcy exposures. Q accounts. QS stment strateg
Investment Truhanges similarterests or real a business, as business incom trust capital stes. In a typica
o investors. Th unitholder lev
ed with owninon and sale. Ry to effectivelycial tax treatm
of their incom
ng REITs) may
) Risk. MLPs ar
d as partnershf all tax items.
mplications for
, which are tra
iness units or the common
securities den
nd the US doll factors such aposition of curchanges in curecurities will inhe account’s
ard currency ex the value of c
hat QS InvestoQS Investors’ Investors doegies.
usts (“REITs”) r to corporate properties. Ths well as divideme trusts, whtructure; and (l income trustis has the effevel.
ng real estate,REITs are also sy manage cashment. REITs aree to their unit
have tax imp
re limited part
hips, they avo.
certain types
aded separate
operating div stock of their
nominated in f
lar (or other b as general ecorrency controlrrency exchanncur currency base currency
xchange cont client accountors will employ hedging actioes not use curr
Risk. Income t
stock. An inche trust can reends and a retere individual
(c) royalty/enet structure, theect of reducing
, including its subject to the h flows from te generally extholders.
lications for ce
tnerships that
id corporate in
of investors (s
ely from tradit
isions within cr companies p
foreign curren
base currency) onomic conditls and speculage rates may conversion coy.
tracts to hedgets against advy a hedging stons may be unrency forward
trusts are inve
come trust is aeceive interestturn of capita companies ha
ergy trusts, whe income paidg the trust’s ta
potential dec risk of incom
those assets, bxempt from ta
ertain types o
are publicly t
ncome tax. In
see further dis
tional common
companies. Aserforms well.
ncies increases
change. Foretions, the actioation. Client ac incur significaosts, including
e against flucterse changes trategy or, whnsuccessful, reds for purpose
estment trusts
an investment t, royalty or leal. Income trusave converted
hich invest in nd to an incomeaxable income
line in value ae fluctuation f
borrower prepxation at the t
f investors (se
raded on a se
vestors in MLP
scussion below
n stocks, depe
s a result, the Because share
| 36
s or decreases
ign currency ons of the US ccounts that ant exchange g transaction
tuations in in currency en it does,
esulting in es other than
whose
that may holdase paymentssts include: (a)d some or all natural e trust by the e, but results
and the from payments and trust level as
ee further
curities
Ps also are
w under Tax
end on the
value of eholders in
6
s
d
tracking stliquidation
Investmeninvestmeninclude shInvestmenor other othe same fees, districompaniesexpenses, investing iinvestmenthe underother offetrade on avalue.
Derivativesequivalentnot otherwshort sellinthat will acost effect
Moreover,an expecteaccount frin the futu
Derivativesindex or o
A swap is other partand any ca
Equity-linkpayout is bequity ind
A participaparticipati
tocks have limn.
nt Companies nt strategy or aares of open-
nt companies aobjective defin risks as investibution fees, ss, with a prop which clients
n investment nt companies. lying securitie
ering documena securities exc
s Risk. If perm
ts in client accwise obtainabng or limits onllow QS Investtive than direc
, QS Investors ed decline in trom an expecture (an “antici
s are financialother investme
an agreementy makes paymapital gains. T
ked notes (“EL based on the ex.
ation certificaton in the rise
mited or no vot
Risk. Certain a
as a means to end investme
are generally aed by each coing directly in
shareholder seportionate sha typically pay companies co In addition, cs. Please refernts for a morechange, which
mitted by client
counts. QS Invle in certain n
n foreign instittors to invest ct investment.
may use deriv the market vated rise in the ipatory” hedg
instruments went.
t in which onements based oThe underlying
LNs”) are debt return of an u
te is an invest or fall of the
ting rights, th
accounts may
gain exposurnt companies,
actively managompany for a m the underlyin
ervice fees andre borne by in
in addition to ould be lower lient accountsr to the under complete dish means their
ts, QS Investo
vestors may alson-US markettutional invest directly in suc
vatives to emplue of an asse market value
ge).
whose value is
e party makesn the return o
g asset can be
t instruments underlying ass
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e to certain as, closed-end inged portfoliosmanagement
ng assets, but d/or other feesnvestors. Perfo QS Investors’ than if the acs holding inveslying funds’ Pcussion of risk shares may tr
rs may use eq
so use derivatts due to limittors), because ch market, or b
ploy defensiveet or group of of an asset o
s based on the
s payments ba of an underlyin a security, ba
that differ froet, which can
nting an intere security or poo
gal claim to co
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sset classes (w nvestment coms that invest in fee. Investing carry additions and expenseormance will b advisory fees
ccounts investestment comparospectuses, Sks specific to erade at a prem
quity index fut
tives or synthetations impose a client’s cust
because such
e strategies de assets that thr group of ass
e performanc
ased on a set rng asset, whicasket of securi
om a standard also be a sing
est in a securiol.
ompany asset
ent companie
when permittempanies, unit
n a particular sg in investmennal expenses ines imposed or be reduced bys. Performanceed directly in tanies are indir
Statements of each fund. Admium or discou
ures to equitiz
etic instrumented by certain ctodian does n instruments m
esigned to prohe account owsets which the
e of an under
rate, either fixch includes boties or an equ
fixed incomegle security, b
ty or pool of s
s in the event
es as part of th
ed by clients). T investment tr
strategy, indext companies gn the form of incurred by th
y these costs ae of client acco the securities rectly exposedf Additional Indditionally, notunt to their ac
ze the cash or
ts to gain equ countries (sucot have a loca
may be more t
otect a client awns or to protee account inte
rlying financia
xed or variableoth the incomeuity index.
e security in thasket of secur
securities that
| 37
t of
heir core
These may rusts and ETFsx, asset class
generally carry managementhe investment
and other ounts held in the
d to the risks oformation, orte that ETFs ctual net asset
r cash
uity exposure h as a ban onal agent bank tax efficient o
ccount from ect the
ends to acquire
l asset(s),
e, while the e it generates
at the final rities or an
t allows
7
s.
y t
of
t
r
e
Warrants asecurities, company’s
Most syntHolders ofstock. For They also
While the be readily counterpa
Risks assoc
A
Do
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There is nopurposes,
Using deridirectly in anticipated
Buying anwhen comresult, an noted thatposition.
Over-the-Cmeans thaUS governclient acco“perform”to meet th
and stock pur typically the is stockholders
hetic securitief such securitie example, hold do not have t
issuer of a syn traded in the
arty risk.
ciated with de
A derivative ma
erivatives usedpportunities o
An account ma
A counterparty
ontractual ter
eturns may be
erivatives tranxposure and mpon which the
o guarantee t and their use
vatives, espec securities, pad.
d selling derivmpared to dire account may t, under certa
Counter (“OTCat they are tranment agency ount faces the” under the teheir financial o
rchase rights a ssuer’s comms, while warra
s are not actives typically doders of warranhe rights to sh
nthetic securit secondary ma
erivatives inclu
ay not be well
d for risk manor losses;
ay be unable t
y may be unwi
rms related to
e dramatically
nsactions couldmagnify any loe derivative is
hat QS Investo could result i
cially for non-hrticularly as th
vatives involvectly buying or
lose more thain market con
C”) Risk. Certa
ded privately and are not g
e risk that the erms of the co obligations du
are securities pmon stock. Stoc
nts are genera
vely traded ono not have votnts and stock hare in the ass
ty may registearkets and, th
ude the follow
correlated wi
nagement may
o sell a deriva
lling or unabl
default may b
impacted by
d expose inveosses when co based.
ors will emplo n lower return
hedging purpohese instrumen
s the use of fir selling the asan the amountnditions, it ma
ain instrument
between two guaranteed by other party toontract. A cliene to insolvenc
permitting, buck purchase rially sold by a c
n a secondary ting or other r purchase righsets of the com
r the instrumeerefore, in ad
wing:
ith the securit
y not have the
tive due to an
e to meet its o
be interpreted
interest rate m
stors to the efompared to dir
oy, or will succns or even loss
oses, may invonts may be ve
nancial leverasset, index or t committed ty be difficult o
ts, particularly
parties off of y an exchangeo the transactint account coucy, bankruptcy
ut not obligatinights are frequ company or is
market and a rights typicallyhts are not entmpany in the
ent with a listeddition to othe
ty, index or cu
e intended eff
n illiquid secon
obligations;
d differently by
movements; a
ffects of leverarectly buying o
cessfully emploses to a client
olve greater riry complex an
age, which cou investment up
to the derivativ or impossible
y certain types
f an exchangee or clearinghoon (the “counuld face substy or other cau
ng, their holduently issued assuer.
re designed toy afforded to stitled to receiv event of liqui
ed exchange, er risks, they o
urrency to whi
fects and may
ndary market;
y various part
nd
age, which co or selling the
oy, derivativest account.
sks to a clientnd may not be
uld lead to incpon which theves transactio to liquidate o
s of derivatives
. OTC transacouse. When trnterparty”) matantial losses ifses.
er to purchase as a dividend
o be kept to m shareholders ove dividends odation.
these instrumoften have inc
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result in miss
ies;
ould increase t asset, index, o
s, for hedging
t account thanehave in the m
creased gains e derivative is n. Additionallr value a deriv
s, are traded O
ctions are not rading instrumay not be able
f the counterp
| 38
e other to a
maturity. of common or to vote.
ments may notreased
ed
their market or investment
or other
n investing manner
or losses based. As a y, it should bevatives
OTC, which
regulated by aments OTC, a e to fully party is unable
8
e
a
e
Many OTCmay be mthese secu
Counterpacontract dsecurity departies witin increase
market pra
Client acco
QS Investopayment bbrokers, aRehypothea prime brInternationhave incre
Leverage Rto greaterlimited sho
Asset Segrincluding liquid secuoutstandinsegregatiomanager’s
Short Selligain expossimultaneocreate levethe borrowdecrease ithat is puris theoretithe highermagnifyin
2 Prime broto clients foshort. Asset
C stocks trade ore volatile th
urities at a fair
arty and Settledefaults, is doweclines, the vath whom theyed counterpar
actices in relat
ounts may be
ors become in basis, thereby nd those accoecated securitroker’s creditonal Swaps and
eased counterp
Risk. Leverage
losses if the vorting strategy
regation Risk.
many types ofurities to coveng, unless theon of a large ps flexibility.
ing Risk. For a
sure to securitously selling aerage. Short swed security in
n value, since rchased long ically unlimitedr price to replag any potentia
okers “rehypothor leveraging oft protection law
less frequenthan with exchar price.
ement Risk. If
wngraded or ialue of an invey trade and marty and settlem
tion to the set
adversely imp
solvent. QS In greatly reducounts may be ies2 could be f
ors. Certain otd Derivatives Aparty risk.
ed accounts ha
value of the ley are inherent
In connection
f derivatives, ar the position.y are replaced
percentage of
ccounts and i
ties that the in security, withelling allows ancreases in va it must pay th
s limited to thd, since the prace it. Additioal losses to an
ecate” custome
f purchases andws vary by coun
ly and in smalange-listed sto
the issuer of a
s perceived toestment will tyay bear the ris
ment risk, as fu
ttlement of tra
pacted should
nvestors typicaing counterpa significantly im frozen if a prither trading ac Association (“
ave greater inv
everaged investly leveraged,
n with certain
a client accoun. Segregated sd with other se a client accou
nvestment str
nvestment teah an obligationa client accounlue during thehe higher priche price paid frice of the sec
onally, purchasn account.
er’s assets as cod the support oftry.
ller volume thocks, and inve
a security held
o be less creditypically declinesk of settlemeurther describ
ansactions and
counterpartie
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vestment expo
stments declin holding positi
transactions t
nt may be req securities cannecurities of equnt’s assets m
ategies that a
am believes aren to replace thnt to profit froe time it was bce to repurchaor the security
curity borrowesing the secur
ollateral for loanf stock borrowin
an exchange-estors may exp
d in a client ac
tworthy, or if e. Client accouent default. Traed above und
d the custody
es (e.g., broke
urities with brain client accoe event of the
es for bankrup as swaps and e or principal t
osure, may inc
ne. Accounts mons in excess
that may give
quired to mainnot be sold wqual value. As ay, in some ci
allow it, QS Inv
e overvalued. he borrowed som the decline borrowed andase the securityy, the loss to a
ed could contiity to replace
ns in the prime ngs that prime
-listed stocks. perience diffic
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the value of tunts are subjeading in certa
der Issuer/Secuy of assets cou
er-dealers and
oker-dealers oount and funde prime brokeptcy and those derivatives tra transactions w
cur additional
managed usin of the amoun
rise to future
ntain a segregahile the positio a result, thereircumstances,
vestors may us
Short selling security in thee of the price d when it is rey. While the pa client accounue to rise, ca it may cause t
broker’s name brokers lend to
The values of ulty in purcha
nterparty to a
the assets undect to the credin security typ
urity Risk. In ad
uld result in inc
prime broker
on a delivery-v assets are her’s bankruptcye assets could ansactions un
with broker-de
costs and ma
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payment obli
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se short sellin
involves borroe future. Such of a security. placed, the ac
possible loss ont engaged inausing an acco the price to ris
, to raise cash ao funds that sel
| 39
these stocks asing or selling
financial
derlying a dit risk of pes may resultddition,
creased risks.
rs) selected by
versus-ld by prime y. be claimed byder the
ealers, also
ay be subject
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of cash or overing is bility that tfolio
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9
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Initial Publis the suitaMost of Qon the secmore vola
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QS Investodevelopmesoftware ocompletelyresults. Soensuring tInvestors herrors that
QS Investoreserves threports, bainformatioor tobaccoguidelinesthird-party
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nt of any gainum, dividendsort position. S
Client accountue of the long
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lic Offerings (“ability of the i
QS Investors’ incondary marketile than those
ment/Model Rissumptions con
behave as expef the models. Wnt objectives w
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in short sales me assets are hmore conventi frozen and inket movement
on for determ
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t models, used
arket factors aet movements ically short liv
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f any loss incred to pay in cohem to provid the value of t
ollateral by prir more margin arrangement.r an extended period the pos
ty of an accou
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securities or m
ssure successfus events may be no assuran
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any quantitati have a negativs, which have r piece of data
ntify and escal
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s complete or
be able to achi
not limited to
eased, by the onnection withde more cash the short posit
me brokers ran accounts, wh. If a prime bro period of timsitions cannot
unt to participa
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markets, are b
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ter code. Despr, as with any ve investmentve impact on i a wide range a. Furthermorate in a timely
om outside ve quotations, e
nvestors also rement in weapcount’s investmon-making pror error-free.
eve its investm
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| 40
amount of h the short or liquidate a tions will rise
ather than hich may oker’s
me, resulting int be traded.
ate in an IPO
ment team. urities traded s are typically
based on
. The models predictive ent’s specific
pite multiple complex t model will b investment of inputs, re, QS y manner any
endors and earnings receives pons, alcohol ment ocess using
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ce Risk. While
established cons embedded ice also indepes and restrictioount review p
or Risk. Despite
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rading a secur
urchasing a se
e Item 12 (Brok
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de the Firm’s and/or may req QS Investors the Firm curre
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ny, of future rethe Firm curren
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may be allocatize of the accpitalization exres can result
des. Clients miomplete a tradde aggregation
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ntly evolving.
certain produer to comply wegulatory refontly provides.
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| 4
tations, the
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nt accounts.
correction
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or multiple
or other procedures table manner t accounts
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QS Investors’ i
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n Risk. The su
investment pionals, the los
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Trading Cost Rult in higher tated with activeloped markehe US and othe
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ences of estabd commingled
k. QS Investors
overy testing re enhanced. In ployees, QS In
ncluding the ps intends to no
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ependence one to operationttacks or unin information, ybersecurity atiruses or gaintions (e.g., thriating assets o
may also be care attacks on t
horized personhe Firm’s syste
affecting the bility to cause
inish the value their operation
Risk. Some of
transaction cove trading straets, especially er developed
rategies and p
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s has prepared
elating to its i the event of anvestors may nprovision of invotify its clients
vestment stra
nd research stonnel could ha
d use of techn
n the Internet anal, informationtentional even suffer data cottacks includeing unauthorirough “hackin
or sensitive infrried out in a the Firm’s serv
ns could inadvems.
Firm, the Firm disruptions an
e of remainingns.
QS Investors’
sts than woulategies reduce in emerging m markets.
rocesses gene
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d a business c
nvestment pro a catastrophic not be able tovestment mans as soon as is
tegy or accou
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nologies such
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m’s service prond impact bus
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with QS Investo
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nt is largely d
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as mobile dev
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tentionally rele
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nt portfolios.
trategies may
with a buy-anturns. Trading typically highe
consider client
tment strategnts or pooled erate unrelateents should coors or investin
ster recovery
s and applicatng in the deae recovery timvices. In the evracticable.
ependent on
Firm’s strateghe performan
vices and Web
onduct busines. In general, cr internal sour to a computeection by mal
ms, networks ous software co
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etwork service
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generate rela
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ed business taxonsult their tang in a QS Inve
plan and has
tions. These pth or disability
meline that it hvent of a mate
the skill and e
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b-based or “cl
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tial or proprie
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| 42
demptions in
atively high
egy. The market. e much
or the tax
rate significanrms of taxes. xable income x advisors estors-
successfully
rocedures arey of a group
has outlined erial business
expertise of
ged by a team strategy or
oud”
ors and client ncidents can y cause the system or losere, such as t are used to er means for
ruption. ccess, such as to intended
etary
ders (e.g., financial
2
t
m
e
losses to ainability ofshare purcshareholdelitigation cremediatioincidents atransactiobrokers, dservice proInvestors hthe impacincluding tFurthermoany other a result.
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• C
Valuation conditionsthe time o
Additiona
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a client accounf fund sharehochases and reder information
costs, reputation costs, and/ affecting issuens, governmeealers, insuran
oviders) and o has establishedt of, such cyb
the possibility ore, QS Investo third parties w
Error Risk. Clie
he performan
he compositioonstraints;
ransaction cosnd
lient inflows o
Risk. In extrem
s, QS Investorsof valuation. T
al Risks that
vestment type
Volatility Inverkets, they hav
Paying Stocks.y fall out of faquired to contuce or elimina. Depending u
be widely availnt account to
nt portfolio, inolders to transdemptions), vin) and attendaonal damage,
/or additional cers of securitiental and othence companie
other parties. Id business conersecurity inci that certain rors cannot con
whose operati
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nce of the inde
on of an accou
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or outflows th
mely limited c
s may internalhis value may
Relate to Ot
es and investm
esting Risk. Wh
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upon market cable and/or m produce curr
nterference wisact business aiolations of apant breach no, reimburseme compliance coes in which a pr regulatory a
es and other fi n addition to ntinuity plans dents. Howev
risks have not ntrol the cybeions may affec
hat seek to tra
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ly assign a val be different t
her Types of
ment techniqu
hile low volati
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ount’s strategy
stors and unddividends on snt of dividendconditions, divmay be highly cent income w
ith a fund’s ab and the fund pplicable privaotification and ent or other coosts. Similar ad portfolio invesuthorities, excnancial institu
administrative in the event over, there are been identifiersecurity planct a client acco
ack an index a
ctors may incr
dex may not b
ses associated
r create the ne
when holding
lue to an asse than the value
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es involve cert
lity products m
markets.
y of investing
derperform theuch stocks. Th
ds in the futurevidend-paying concentrated
while remaining
bility to calcula to process traacy and other credit monitoompensation dverse conseqsts, counterpachange and otutions (includine, technologic of, and risk m inherent limitaed, as well as ts and systemsount. Client a
are subject to
rease tracking
be identical at
d with trading
eed for uninve
gs in client ac
t(s) using the e received whe
s and Investm
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in dividend-pa
e market. Comherefore, theree or the antici stocks that m in only a few g fully diversif
ate its NAV, imansactions (inc laws (includinoring costs, re costs, forensicquences couldrties with whither financial ng financial in
cal and procedanagement syations in such the rapid deves put in place accounts could
tracking error
error, includin
all times due
and holding s
ested cash.
counts are dif
best availableen the investm
ment Techniq
al risks:
potential for f
aying stocks in
mpanies that ie is the possibipated acceler
meet a client a market sectofied.
mpediments tocluding fulfillmg the release gulatory finesc investigation result from cich the Firm e market operantermediaries dural safeguarystems to prev plans and syselopment of n by its service pd be negativel
r and may not
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issue dividendbility that suchration of dividccount’s invesrs. This may li
| 43
o trading, thement of fund of private s, penalties, n and ybersecurity ngages in
ators, banks, and other ds, QS vent or reducestems,
new threats. providers or y impacted as
t be able to
her things:
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e given market
available at
tive returns in
sk that such
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3
e
s
t
ks
a y
ESG Investaccounts iInvestors t
Commodivolatility thchanges inchanges inweather pdevelopme
Inflation-Into changerates werecontrast, iwould likeholders atindexed seissuance, ilower thanon the sec
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currency ebecause thdeflation, indexed se
Cash Manmanagemratings of institutiondefensive
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Certain fixspecified imost case
ting Risk. An a
nvested in a sto avoid or liq
ties Risk. A cli
han investmenn overall markn interest ratephenomena, livents.
ndexed Securies in real interee to rise faster f nominal inteely decrease. A maturity receecurities in the it may experien expected ducurity than on
erest rates rise
exchange rateshe principal am a client accouecurities are ti
agement and ent or defens the investmen holding the c investing purp
ate Risk. To th
interest rate r A change in i with longer m different internterest rates o
amount or in
xed income se ntervals, whiles, these reset
account or str
similar strategyuidate a well-
ent account’s
nts in traditionket movements or factors afvestock diseas
ities Risk. The
est rates (apprr than nominaerest rates incrAlthough the peive no less thae secondary mence a loss if turing the perio a convention
(i.e., if interes
s), the value omount of inflaunt will be subed to indices t
d Defensive Invive investing pnts. If client ac
cash. If a signiposes, it may
he extent that
risk. Generally interest rates wmaturities are g
est rate meas on different ty the same dire
curities pay ine floating rate provisions red
ategy subject
y without the performing se
investment in
nal securities. ts, commodityffecting a partse, embargoes
values of infla
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market whose here is a subseod a client accal bond.
st rates rise fo
of inflation-indation-indexed bject to deflati that are calcu
vesting Risk. T
purposes may ccount holds cficant amounbe more diffic
a client accou
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nterest at variae securities maduce the impa
to ESG policy
same restrictiecurity becaus
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The value of cy index volatilitticular industrys, tariffs and i
ation-indexed
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than the inflate of inflation-iue of the secu
principal valueequent period
count holds an
or reasons othe
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be affected b cash uninvestet of a client accult for the clie
unt is exposed
st rates will le the same impe sensitive to c short- and lonties or securiti
able or floatingay reset wheneact of changes
y guidelines an
ions because tse it does not
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fixed income
rates minus tf inflation-indtion rates, thendexed secururity. Howevees have been d of deflation n inflation-ind
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by changing ined, it will be sccount’s assetent account to
d to fixed incom
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changing inteng-term interees of differen
g rates. Variabever there is as in market int
nd restrictions
the ESG guide meet the ESG
ments may sub
nked instrume or intense speity, such as dr
economic, pol
securities gen
the inflation raexed securitie
e value of inflaities declines ir, if a client ac adjusted upw or lower levelexed security,
on, for examp
lient account wed downward nvestments ination for prior
s held by a clie
nterest rates asubject to the ts are used foro achieve its in
me securities,
ase in the valud income secu
erest rates thaest rates and Ut issuers, may
ble rate securi a change in a terest rates on
could underp
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ward due to inf of inflation. I the account
ple, due to cha
will decline. M during a perio
n these securitr periods.
ent account fo
nd by change credit risk of tr cash manage
nvestment obj
the account m
ue of fixed incurities. Fixed inn shorter termUS and foreigny not necessar
ities tend to re specified inden the value of
| 44
perform
quire QS
unt to greater
ffected by nvestors,
, other ulatory
te in response
e, if inflation y increase. In securities
deflation, ases inflation-flation since If inflation is may earn less
anges in
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or cash
es in credit the depositoryement or jective.
may be
come ncome
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4
r
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y
However, leveragingprices of t
Credit Riskfinancial cobligationworthines
If a client arepurchaseto the credin securitieaccount inquality. Secharacteris
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Risk of Incor terminaratios are
Affiliated Fmay preseclient’s assAffiliationsOther Com
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some securitieg effect; otherhese securitie
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condition. The, or a downgrs.
account entere agreementsdit risk presenes experiencinnvests. Howevecurities rated stics.
ociated with
ccount that ino the followin
unds Cost Risk An Underlyin
ce a client to wn, one Underly
would indirectl
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ent QS Investosets to QS-Ads), Item 11 (Compensation) o
tfolio Rebalanancing of a QSg Fund may beng may increapenses or resu affect an Undng is likely to b
es do not tracs may also pros may fluctuat
f a fixed incom
se may includrade of a secu
rs into financia, and when-is
nted by the cong these eventver, ratings are in the lowest
Investment i
vests in Undeng additional t
k. A client’s co
g Fund may cwithdraw its inying Fund mayy bear the cos
nses. A client’
age net assetso increase whe
ssets in a clien
ors with a confvised Funds aode of Ethics,
of this Brochur
cing Risk. An
S Investors’ clie required to
ase brokerage ult in the Undeerlying Fund’s
be greater wh
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al contracts (sssued, delayedunterparty. Ints. Credit risk e only the opin category of in
in Funds Inst
rlying Funds in types of risks (
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change its invenvestment fromy buy the samsts of these tra
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flict of interestnd Affiliated F Participation re for a discus
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ient account w sell securities and/or other erlying Fund bs performanceen a client acc
ing index direrest payments y when intere
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n derivatives, r forward commlient account
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rease if an Un
more likely to d
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conflicts of int
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ment in such ash at a time wosts of the Un small to be ece client accoungnificant inve
t based on forersely with mage.
ted by adverse
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repurchase agmitment transmay incur expredit ratings ouing them and may possess
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to meet a fine a borrower’s
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client’s appros unfavorable td sells. Therefent purpose.
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Underlying Fu
nd Affiliated F
n incentive to al Industry Actem 14 (Client
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| 45
ay produce a he market
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ng the accountof a client accof asset classes
ccount’s Undeuity or fixed in
age of its asses). Depending
eeves at any gi the client accoded allocation
a client accou
derlying Manaor, country or rlying Fund’s prtain assumpt
of these factoal crises. Althorotect againstorrect, or thatnderlying Fund
nd in which a c
or by other enely large rede advantageounderlying Fundonomically viat account’s pe
could receive
ment, particu (for example, gn market aff
ation and Fu
election adviso
ent account’s
t’s asset allocaount may decrs, investment s
rlying Funds ocome). Howe
ts in these sec upon the periven time and ount’s actual for that asset
unt may decre
ager about the region, or abo
portfolio manations concernirs may change
ough an Undet investment lot hedges will sd or a Sleeve o
client invests a
ntities as “funmptions or invs to do so. Sud, increase theble. Such activ
erformance.
e for any partic
larly for secur when a securect the value
und/Manager
ory services inv
ability to achi
ation and in serease or under styles, Underly
or Sleeves will ver, under no
curities (subjecrcentage of se the percentag exposure to tt class.
ase if the judg
e attractivenesout market magers or by Unng the interple from their h
erlying Fund’s osses, there is succeed. Hedg of a client acc
also may be a
ds-of-funds.”vestments anduch investmene Underlying Fvity also may a
cular portfolio
rities that tradrity is illiquid o of a security t
r Selection A
volve the follo
eve its investm
electing the arperform if QSying Funds or
invest principormal market c
ct to any applecurities in a pge of the accohe securities i
gment of an U
ss of, value ofovements, is inderlying Manlay of market
historical patte portfolio mans no assuranceging strategiescount may be
n underlying
As a result, frd could be reqnt activity may Fund’s expens adversely affe
o investment m
e in thin or voor its price is n traded in or cu
dvisory Servi
owing addition
ment objective
ccount’s UndeS Investors’ ju Underlying M
pally in the sec conditions, an
icable investmparticular assetount’s assets i
n a particular
Underlying Fun
or market tre ncorrect. In anagers to eval factors and doerns due to pronagers or an Ue that their juds may not alw worse off tha
| 46
investment fo
rom time to quired to sell y increase ses or result inect an
may differ
olatile marketsot readily urrency of tha
ces
nal risks:
e depends
erlying Funds dgment abou
Managers is
curities n Underlying
ment t class held by
nvested in asset class
nd’s portfolio
ends affectingddition, the uate securitieso not assure olonged
Underlying dgment about
ways work as n if it had not
6
r
s
t
t
y
s
t
t
Multi-Manand monitinvestmenby an UndManagersmay buy tof these tr
Fund-of-Fuclient accoobjective oinvestmenFund may bear the c
Affiliated FFunds andand to SleItem 10 (OTransactioconflicts o
Non-Diverallocates itnegative e Additiona
Interest Rasecurities, a decreaseincome serates thanrates and issuers, ma
Certain fixspecified imost caseHowever, leveragingprices of t
Credit Riskfinancial c
nager Risk. Wh
tors the overant decisions foderlying Mana, which could he same securades without
unds Cost Riskount that only or policies witnt from such U buy the same
costs of these
Funds and Affd Affiliated Funeeves managedOther Financiaons) and Item of interest.
rsification Risk ts assets to a sevents affectin
al Risks that
ate Risk. To th
the Underlyine in the value ecurities. Fixed shorter term
US and foreigay not necessa
xed income se ntervals, whiles, these reset some securitieg effect; otherhese securitie
k. The value o
condition. The
hile QS Investo
ll managemenr client accouger for a Sleev adversely afferities that ano accomplishin
k. A client acc
y invests directhout the clien
Underlying Fune securities tha trades withou
filiated Managnds. Assets in d by Affiliatedl Industry Act
14 (Client Ref
k. To the exten
smaller numbng such Under
Relate Prima
he extent that
ng Fund or Sle of fixed incom income secur securities. In a
gn interest ratearily change in
curities pay ine floating rate provisions redes do not tracs may also pros may fluctuat
f a fixed incom
ese may includ
ors monitors e
nt of client accnts independeve will not alwect the perfor
other Underlyig any investm
count that inve
tly in individuant account’s apnd at a time that another Unut accomplishi
gers Risk. Asse
a Manager-od Managers. Tivities and Affferrals and Oth
nt that a client
er of Underlyirlying Funds o
arily to Fixed
an Underlying
eeve may be sume securities. Arities with long addition, diffees), or interestn the same am
nterest at variae securities maduce the impack the underlyovide for interte significantly
me investmen
de insolvency
each Underlyin
counts, QS Invently from oneways be compmance of a clng Manager s
ment purpose.
ests in Underly
al securities. Approval, whichhat is unfavoraderlying Fundng any investm
ets in a Fund-o
f-Managers clhis may prese
filiations), Itemher Compensa
t account inve
ng Managers,r the securitie
Income Inve
g Fund or Slee
ubject to interA change in inger maturitieserent interest t rates on diffemount or in th
able or floatingay reset wheneact of changesing index direrest payments y when intere
t may be nega
or bankruptcy
ng Manager in
vestors and eae another. It islementary to tient’s account
sells. Therefore
ying Funds ma
An Underlying h could force able to the cli
d sells. Therefoment purpose
of-Funds clien
lient account ent QS Investom 11 (Code of ation) of this B
ests in a smalle
, the client aces in Sleeves m
estments in U
eve of a client
rest rate risk. Gnterest rates ws are generally rate measureserent types of
he same direct
g rates. Variabever there is as in market intectly, but reset that vary invest rates chang
atively impact
y, payment de
n a Manager-o
ach Underlyings possible that those used byt. In addition, e, the client a
ay have highe
Fund may cha the client accent account. Iore, the client e.
nt account ma
may be allocaors with a conf Ethics, Partici
Brochure for a
er number of
count will be managed by su
Underlying Fu
account is ex
Generally, risi will not have ty more sensitivs (such as shof securities or tion.
ble rate securi a change in a terest rates ont based on forersely with mage.
ted by adverse
efault, inability
of-Managers a
g Manager mat the investmey other Underl one Underlyinccount would
er investment c
ange its investount to withd
In addition, on account wou
y be invested
ated to QS-Maflict of interestipation or Inte
a discussion of
Underlying Fu
more susceptuch Underlying
unds or Sleev
posed to fixed
ng interest rat the same impave to changingrt- and long-te securities of d
ities tend to re specified inden the value of rmulas that market rates. Th
e changes to a
y to meet a fin
| 47
arrangement
ake ent styles usedlying ng Manager
d bear the cost
costs than a
tment draw its ne Underlyingld indirectly
in QS-Advised
anaged Sleevet. Please see
erest in Client f such
unds or
ible to g Managers.
ves
d income
tes will lead toact on all fixedg interest erm interest
different
eset at ex rate. In the security. ay produce a
he market
an issuer’s
nancial
7
d
t
d
s
o d
obligationworthines
If an Undereverse repsubject to expenses tratings of companiesgrade (Baa
High Yieldhave a higJunk bondsecurities srates, greaprincipal psubject to securities.
Prepaymenmaturity dof a clientincrease inthe securitwould be purchasesUnderlying
Extension backed sesecurities aSleeve of a
Sovereign emerging Fund or Sl
AdditionaUnderlyin
Closed-Enpremium opay broke
, or a downgrs.
erlying Fund opurchase agre the credit risk
to protect its i the securities s issuing thema/BBB) may po
d or “Junk Bongher risk of issds tend to be v subjects an Unater risk of lospayments due the risk of ne These negativ
nt or Call Riskdate. Issuers of account hold
n value that otty, the Underl lower than th a fixed incomg Fund or Slee
Risk. When in
curities, may o and locking in a client accou
Debt Risk. So
market investeeve may be
al Risks that ng Funds or S
d Fund Risk. S
or discount torage commiss
rade of a secu
or a Sleeve enteements, and wk presented by interest in sec in which an U
m and are not ossess certain
nd” Risk. Debt
uer default, te volatile and mnderlying Fundss because of d to adverse co
egative percepve perceptions
k. Many fixed i
ften exercise tds a fixed incother fixed incoying Fund or S
he yield of the me security at aeve may lose t
nterest rates ri
occur more slon below markent to be more
overeign gover
tments as wel unable to enfo
Relate PrimaSleeves
Shares of close
o the fund’s nesions in conne
urity or issuer’s
ters into financ when-issued, y the counterpurities experie
Underlying Fun guarantees as speculative ch
t securities tha
end to be less more susceptib
d or a Sleeve o default or decompany specifptions of the hs could last fo
income securit
this right wheme security suome securities Sleeve would security that w
a premium (at the amount of
se, repaymen
owly than antet interest ratee volatile.
rnment and su
l as the risk oforce its rights
arily to Other
ed-end funds
et asset value.ction with the
s rating, a mea
cial contracts delayed deliveparty. In additencing these end or a Sleeves to quality. Seharacteristics.
at are below in
liquid and arele to adverse
of a client accclining credit qfic events or chhigh yield markor a significant
ties give the is
n interest rateubject to preps generally exp also be forced was paid off. t a price that ef the premium
ts of fixed inc
ticipated, extees. This may c
upranational d
f debt morato against the is
r Types of Inv
in which an U
An Underlyine purchase an
asure used to
(such as certaery and forwation, an Underevents. Credit e invests. Howecurities rated
nvestment gra
e more difficu events and necount to increa
quality, or an ihanges in ecoket depressingt period of tim
ssuer the opti
es fall. Accordayment or cal
perience whend to reinvest t In addition, if exceeds its stam paid in the e
ome securities
nding the effeause the inves
debt involves m
orium, repudiassuers.
vestments an
Underlying Fun
ng Fund or Sled sale of shar
help evaluate
ain derivativesard commitmerlying Fund or risk is broadly
wever, ratings ad in the lowest
ade, or “junk
ult to value thaegative sentimased price sen
issuer’s inabilionomic conditg the price an
me.
on to repay o
ingly, if an Unll risk, it may nn interest rateshe proceeds af the Underlyinated par or prevent of prepa
s, particularly
ective duratiostments in an
many of the r
ation or renego
nd Investmen
nd or Sleeve in
eeve that inveses of closed-e
e a borrower’s
, repurchase aent transactionr a Sleeve mayy gauged by th are only the ot category of i
bonds,” are s
an higher gradments. Investinnsitivity to chaty to make intions. Junk bond liquidity of h
r call the secu
nderlying Fund not benefit fus fall. Upon pr
at then currenng Fund or Sleincipal value),ayment.
asset- and mo
n of these fixe Underlying Fu
isks of foreign
otiation, and a
nt Techniques
nvests may tra
sts in closed-eend funds.
| 48
s credit
agreements, ns), it will be y incur he credit opinions of the investment
peculative,
de securities. g in these
anging interestterest and/or nds are also high yield
urity prior to it
d or a Sleeve lly from the repayment of t yields, whicheeve the
ortgage-
ed income und or in the
n and
an Underlying
s in
ade at either a
end funds will
8
e
t
s
h
g
a
Hedge Funwhose poinvestor ininvestmen
Mortgagesecurities prepay the(extensionprepaymeyielding seSleeve to i
Mortgageissued by by the fullgovernmethese or o
Non-Publicand may rUnderlyingfor publiclrealized frFurther, coprotection
Convertiblsecurities athe equityits yield ansecurity ris
Repurchasof the selledispose ofUnderlying
Leveragingamong otFund or Slor Sleeve wthe effect investmen
nds Risk. An U
rtfolio managn the Underlyinnt companies.
-Backed and A is subject to ine principal on n risk), which wnts may causeecurities and s invest in highe
-Backed Secur GSEs such as faith and cre
ent has provideother GSEs in t
cly Traded Secresult in substag Fund or a Sly traded secuom these saleompanies whon requirements
le Securities R and to the crey security undend other fixed ses, the conve
se Agreementser, including lf the underlying Fund or Slee
g Risk and Revher things, eneeve engages
will be more v of any increas
nt risk with res
Underlying Fun
ers may not bng Funds wou
Asset-Backed nterest rate ris their loans m
will affect the e the Underlyislower than exer yielding sec
rity Risk (Gove FNMA and FHdit of the US ged financial su
the future.
curities. Non-p
antial losses. Teeve of a clienrities. Althoug
es could be lesose securities s that would b
isk. Convertib
edit and intereerlying a conve income chara
ertible security
ts Risk. Repurc
osses and posng securities. Teve has purcha
verse Repurchngaging in ders in transaction
volatile and allse or decreasespect to a larg
nd or Sleeve m
be registered auld not have th
Securities Risksk and credit rore quickly th yield, averageng Fund or Slexpected prepacurities.
ernment-SponHLMC are neit government. Support to FNM
publicly traded
These securitient account magh these securss than those o are not public be applicable
ble securities a
est rate risks aertible securityacteristics. As y tends to trad
chase agreeme
ssible delays o To the extent ased has decre
ase Agreemenrivative transacns that have al other risks tee in the value er pool of ass
may invest in in
as an investmehe benefit of c
k. The value o
risk. These secan expected (
e life and priceeeve of a clienyments may r
nsored Enterprher insured noSuch securitie
MA and FHLMC
d securities ma
es may be lessay take longerrities may be r originally paidcly traded may if their securit
re subject bot
ssociated withy decreases, t the market prde on the basis
ents could inv
or restrictions u that, in the meased, the Un
nts. An Under
ctions or revera leveraging efend to be com of the Underlysets than the U
nvestment com
ent adviser. As certain protec
f investments
curities are als (prepayment re of the securnt account to
reduce the pot
rises or “GSEsor guaranteed
es are only supC, but there c
ay involve a h
s liquid than pr to liquidate t
resold in privad by an Undery not be subjeties were publ
th to the stock
h fixed incomehe convertiblerice of the equs of its equity
volve certain ri
upon an Undemeantime, the nderlying Fund
rlying Fund or
rse repurchaseffect on its po
mpounded. Thying Fund’s o
Underlying Fun
mpanies that
s a result, the ctions afforded
in mortgage-
o subject to th risk) or more sities. In additio invest the pretential for suc
”). Debt and m
d by the US Trpported by thecan be no assu
igh degree of
publicly traded these positiontely negotiatelying Fund or
ect to the discllicly traded.
k market risk a
e securities. We security tenduity security u conversion fe
sks in the eve
erlying Fund’s value of the sd or Sleeve cou
Sleeve may ta
e agreementsortfolio, the vais is because ler Sleeve’s undnd or Sleeve w
are not regist
client accound to investors
-backed and a
he risk that bo slowly than exon, faster tha
epaid principach Underlying
mortgage-bac
reasury and are credit of theurance that it
business and
d securities, ans than would
ed transaction Sleeve of a clilosure and oth
associated wit
When the markds to trade onnderlying a co
eatures.
ent of default o
or Sleeve’s ab securities that uld experience
ake on leverag
. When an Unalue of the Un everage genederlying assets would otherw
| 49
tered and
nt as an in registered
asset-backed
orrowers will xpected n expected l in lower Fund or
cked securities
re not backed e GSE. The US will support
financial risk
nd an be the case s, the prices ient account. her investor
th equity
ket price of the basis of onvertible
or insolvency
bility to the e a loss.
ging risk by,
nderlying derlying Fundrally magnifie
s or creates wise have.
9
d s
Engaging advantage
Securities recovery oUnderlyingover the p
Risks Assoutilized bythose of athat may rcorrelatedconduct athe index securities t
Additiona
QS Investo
AllocationdeterminindetermininRisk Manadiscretion is increasegreater loswill work a
Defensive result of imshort-termmore diffic
Dynamic Rin implemmay deviavolatility mtrading coperformanto addition
Event Riskinvolving o
in such transaeous to do so
Lending Risk.
of the securitieg Fund or Slee
period of the lo
ociated with Iny QS Investors particular be
result in an ind to the returnny fundament tracking inves that are less a
al Risks Assoc
ors’ risk manag
Risk. An acco
ng the accounng when to enagement strate in determinin
ed at inopportsses. There is as intended o
Investing Riskmplementatio
m defensive inscult for the ac
Risk Managementing the Dyte significantl
may result in gosts due to impnce. If derivatinal risks.
k Managemen options and fu
actions may ca to satisfy its o
Lending secu
es when the loeve could also oan.
ndex Tracking to invest certanchmark indedex tracking es of the indextal, company-sting process, attractive than
ciated with Q
gement adviso
ount’s ability t
nt’s asset allocngage in risk megies, a client
ng the accountune times or f
no guarantee r prevent an a
k. A client acco
n of the Dynastruments or eccount to achi
ment Strategy ynamic Risk My from their n
greater losses tplementation ves are used t
t Strategy Riskutures that are
ause the Undeobligations or
rities involves
oan is called o lose money if
Investing. The
ain client accox may cause s
error that is grx with respect specific secur
the value of a other securit
QS Investors’
ory services in
to achieve its i
cation, creatin management account will bt’s asset alloca
for extended p that the Dyna
account from
ount may hav
amic Risk Man engages in opeve high tota
Risk. A client
anagement stnet asset value than redeemin of the Dynam
to implement
k. The Event R
e expected to
erlying Fund o meet segrega
the risk of po
or possible lossf its short-term
e assumptions
ount assets in such models areater than exp to a client accity analysis wi
a client accounies in the inde
Risk Manage
volve the follo
nvestment ob
g and applyin strategies. In be subject to ation. If an acc periods of timamic Risk Man incurring losse
e significant e
agement stratptions and futul returns.
account may
trategy. Duringes. Therefore, ng mutual fun
mic Risk Manag the Dynamic
Risk Managem
increase in va
or Sleeve to liqation requirem
ossible delay in
s of collateral m investment
s built into the
a manner desand software tpected and, thcount. In addith respect to nt may decreaex from a fund
ement Adviso
owing additio
bjectives depen
ng formulas fo implementing heightened alcount’s expos
me, the accounnagement or tes.
exposure to sh
tegy. If a clienures transactio
sell underlying
g periods of m selling shares nd holdings. Agement strate Risk Managem
ment strategy m
alue during th
quidate positioments.
n receiving ad
should the bo of the cash co
e risk models a
signed to prod to produce invherefore, retuition, because securities purcase if account damental inve
ory Services
nal risks:
nds upon QS
or de-risking og the Dynamicllocation risk, sure to short-tnt may experie the Event Risk
hort-term defe
nt account hasons for hedgin
g fund holding
market volatilit of ETFs durin
A client accounegy, which mament strategy,
may involve en
e occurrence
ons when it m
ditional collat
orrower fail finollateral declin
and optimizat
duce returns cvestment reco
urns that are ne QS Investors chased and so assets are inv
estment perspe
Investors’ skill
r ending de-ric Risk Manage as QS Investoterm defensiveence lower pek Managemen
ensive instrum
s significant exng purposes, i
gs, including s
ty, the share pg periods of mnt may incur aay reduce the a, the account
ntering into tr
of certain ma
| 50
ay not be
teral, delay in
nancially. An nes in value
tion software
comparable toommendationsnot closely does not old as part of vested in ective.
l in
isking, and ement or Evenrs will have e instruments rformance or t strategies
ments as a
xposure to it may be
shares of ETFs
prices of ETFs market additional account’s will be subjec
ransactions
rket events.
0
o s
t
s,
t
An instrumstress. Impcontradictaccount’s are derivatrisks assoc
ment used to hplementation otory views on return. An actives and thusciated with ho
hedge market of the strategy market movemcount may nos a client accoolding derivativ
t risk could losy may result inments. The coot be able to cunt that emplves.
se all or a portn a client accoosts of purchaclose out a posoys an Event
tion of its valuount holding oasing and sellinsition at the d Risk Managem
ue even in a pe options and fung these instr
desired time orment strategy
eriod of severutures positionuments may rr price. Option is subject to t
| 5
re market ns that take
reduce an ns and futures
the additional
1
s
ITEM 9
There are of QS Inve
9 - Discipl
no legal or disestors’ busines
inary Info
sciplinary evenss or the integ
ormation
nts to report tgrity of the Firm
that would be m’s managem
material to a ment.
client’s or proospective clien
| 52
nt’s evaluation
2
n
ITEM 1
On May 3became a on the Ne
As a wholaffiliated cgain accesa conflict oprocedure
To elimina
The follow
Advisory In
Mupatobe
InLeanSc
Qmad
QLM
Sub-adv
In
(Ean
In(ESe
0 - Other
0, 2014, Legg wholly ownedw York Stock
ly owned subs companies. Soss to investors of interest betes are designed
ate a potential
wing is a descr
y Services
nvestment maManagement,
nder commonartner, QS Invo the provisionetween acting
nvestment maegg Mason Invnd provides cecholars Choice
QS Investors hamanaged accoudvisory service
QS Investors mMPPG relation
visory Servi
nvestment adv
England/Walesnd Registrar fo
nvestment subEurope) Limiteervices, LLC, L
r Financia
g Mason compd, independen Exchange (tic
sidiary of Leggome of these r who might otween QS Inved to ensure th
l conflict of in
ription of the m
nager of QS In LLC, a wholly n managemenvestors Fund Mns of the fundg in the best in
nager of the Svestor Serviceertain marketie College Savi
as entered intount programs es for one or m
ay also providnship.
ices
viser to offsho
s). Legg Masoor these funds
b-adviser to offd is the invest
Legg Mason In
al Industry
pleted its acquntly operated cker symbol: L
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terest, QS Inve
material advis
nvestors DBI G owned subsidt with QS Inve
Management, d’s limited partnterest of fund
Scholars Choics, LLC also serng, administrangs Program
o a relationshi as a sub-advi
more investme
de managed ac
re, i.e., non-U
n Investment s;
fshore funds ftment managenvestments (Eu
y Activitie
uisition of QS subsidiary of LM).
Investors has d may be charac be accessible estors Affiliateare treated fai
estors does no
ory relationsh
Global Emergindiary of QS Investors, is the g LLC has full atnership agreed investors an
ce College Savrves as the maative and reco is a Fund-of-F
p with LMPPGser to LMPPGent managem
ccount progra
US-domiciled, f
Funds Limited
for Legg Masoer and promoturope) Limited
es and Af
Investors Hold Legg Mason.
direct businescterized as ma to the Firm. Aes and QS Inverly.
ot trade with
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ng Markets Eqvestors Holdin
general partnend complete cement. QS Invnd in QS Invest
vings Programanager of, andordkeeping seFunds client of
G through wh. QS Investorsent strategies
ams to sponso
funds, in the L
d is the Autho
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d, Legg Mason
ffiliations
dings, LLC, an Legg Mason’s
ss relationshipsaterial becauseAlthough theseestors’ clients,
any affiliated
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quity Fund LP.ngs, LLC alonger of this limit charge of all avestors could ftors’ best inte
m, a Section 52d the distributrvices with resf QS Investors
hich QS Investos will provide
s.
ors directly wh
Legg Mason F
orised Corpora
nds plc (Irelandmily of funds. n Asset Manag
s
d as a result Qs common sto
s with other Le they allow the relationships, the Firm’s po
broker-dealer
ffiliated comp
. QS Investors g with QS Inveed partnership
affairs of the f face a conflicterest; and 29 college savtor of interestsspect to such .
ors will partici to LMPPG inv
hich are separa
Funds ICVC fa
ate Director, A
d). Legg MasoLegg Mason Igement Hong
| 53
QS Investors ock is traded
Legg Mason-he Firm to s could createolicies and
rs.
panies:
Fund estors, and p. As general
fund, subject of interest
vings plan. s in, this plan, plan. The
pate in vestment
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If the interAffiliated Investors’ Fund PortfInvestors Awould careliminate,
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mited, Legg Mmited serve a
nvestment subnvestments (Eunvestor Serviceingapore Pte L
nvestment subAustralia Limite
nvestment subMason PartnersMason Investor
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nvestment
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f-Funds and
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| 54
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| 55
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| 56
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| 57
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| 58
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| 59
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onsor and/or mdditional inform
rd parties.
ted, owned, m DBI Developevestors and FTte of this Broc
tion prior to pblic informatioyee accounts, sonnel involvehe output from
rovide investmmmodity interedingly, QS Inveonal Futures Associated Perso behalf of a CT clients and p
hicles
manage privatmation about
managed and ed Ex-Japan anTSE. The indicchure, QS Inve
public disseminon. To ensure QS Investors d in the creat
m their researc
ment advice orests subject toestors is regist
Association (“Nons and PrinciTA, which allorospects.
te placements these vehicle
| 60
commercially nd FTSE DBI Aes are createdestors does
nation, the that this has ion of these ch.
r o the tered with theNFA”). In ipals of QS ws such
offered to s is provided
0
ll
d
e
ITEM 1Person
Code of
As part of1940, as aassociatedInvestors oactivities, interest winterests oincluding informatiotransactio
Investin
QS Investopurchasedemployee interests. T
• Djo
• In
• Oac
• Fiac
• Fica
• C
• Re
The Code
• Em
1 - Code nal Tradin
f Ethics and
an overall int amended (the d policies and owes a fiducia interests and ith QS Investo
of the Firm’s c requirements on. The Code ns and accoun
ng and Trad
ors’ employeesd or sold for th trading activit The Code of E
isclose personoint or benefic
nstruct their br
Obtain approvaccounts (certa
le a quarterly ccounts during
le an annual halendar year-e
onfirm annua
eport any viol
of Ethics also
mployees are
o Employ“buy”
o Investmtraded
of Ethicsng
d Personal
ternal complia “Advisers Act procedures. Tary duty to its relationships tors’ clients; or lients. The Co to put client i of Ethics also nts.
ding in Sec
s are permittehe Firm’s clienty to ensure th
Ethics requires
nal brokerage cial interest or
rokers to prov
al for securitieain exclusions
transaction reg the prior ca
holdings reporend;
ally that they h
ation or poten
contains furt
subject to the
yees may not or “sell” orde
ment personne (or contempl
, Particip
Trading
nce program,t”), QS Investo
The Code of Et clients. The C that might: (1 (2) otherwise
ode of Ethics a nterests first a imposes restr
curities Rec
ed to trade forts. To help mahat clients’ ints QS Investors’
accounts and control (“emp
vide Complian
s transactions apply);
eport containilendar quarter
rt containing
have read, und
ntial violation
her restriction
e following spe
knowingly buer for the sam
el may not buated to be tra
ation or I
and pursuantors has adoptethics and assoode of Ethics ) present a co interfere withnd associated
and not to takictions, descri
commende
r their personaanage this inhterests are pla’ employees, a
holdings to Cployee-related
ce with duplic
s from Compli
ng informatior;
information a
derstand and w
of the Code o
ns regarding p
ecific blackout
uy or sell a sece security, un
y or sell a secaded) for a clie
Interest i
t to Rule 204Aed a code of e
ociated policie emphasizes th
onflict of intereh QS Investorsd policies impoke inappropriabed below, on
d to Client
al accounts in herent conflictaced ahead of among other t
Compliance, ind accounts”);
cate trade con
ance prior to
on about repo
bout all holdin
will comply w
of Ethics to Co
ersonal tradin
t period restri
curity on a daytil that order
urity seven (7)ent account w
n Client T
A-1 of the Inv ethics (“Codes are based onhat QS Investoest or the apps’ ability to maose standards ate advantagen employee p
ts
securities wht of interest, th the Firm’s or
things, to:
ncluding any a
nfirmations an
executing trad
rtable trades i
ngs in employ
with the Code
ompliance.
ng activity, suc
ctions (certain
y during which is executed or
) days before with which the
Transactio
estment Advis of Ethics”) ann the principleors’ employeepearance of a cake decisions i of business co
e of employmeersonal securi
ich are recomhe Code of Et employees’ p
accounts in w
nd account sta
des in employ
in employee-r
yee-related acc
of Ethics; and
ch as the follo
n exclusions ap
h any client acr withdrawn; a
or after the sae individual is a
| 6
ons and
sers Act of nd other e that QS es must avoid conflict of in the best onduct, ent-related ities
mended, thics limits ersonal
which they hav
atements;
yee-related
elated
counts as of
wing:
pply):
ccount has a and
ame security is associated;
1
e
s
• Em
• EmM
• Em
• Em
• Emar
In additioninclude pr
• Rein
• Liem
• Pras
• Rean
The Code engaging index fundof applica
As noted aQS Investocould also
Employeesmutual fudirect knomaintain iinformatioin Sleeves disclosure publicly di
While thesInvestors bdesigned t
mployees mus
mployees musMason or its af
mployees may
mployees may
mployees are re in possessio
n to restrictionovisions that a
eporting of alncluding client
mits on the tymployees;
re-clearance associate” as d
eporting of alnd/or duty to
of Ethics also in certain trands, and knowible law or the
above, employors purchases,o be different i
s may hold a bnds, ETFs and
owledge of cur nformational on relating to managed by policies that asclosed.
se activities mbelieves that it to address the
st hold a secur
st hold proprieffiliates (includ
y not purchase
y not participa
prohibited froon of material
ns and require address other
l gifts and entts, consultants
ype, frequency
and reporting efined under
l outside busin the Firm’s clie
places restricnsactions in Lengly participa
e provisions of
yees or family holds or sells
in nature or ti
beneficial inte other commirrent fund hol barrier policie the investmen Affiliated Man allow QS Inves
ay create potets Code of Ethese matters.
rity for at leas
etary funds, dding QS-Advise
e a security wh
ate in IPOs or o
om buying, sel, non-public in
ements regard areas where t
tertainment exs, brokers and
y and value of
of all political Rule 206(4)-5
ness activities ents.
tions on emplegg Mason stoting in or faci
f a fund’s gove
y members mas the same secming from the
rest in QS Invengled funds (ildings, which
es and procedunt intentions, anagers. In addstors and emp
ential conflictshics, combined
t thirty (30) da
efined as opeed Funds and
hile a client or
other new issu
lling or recomnformation.
ing personal t the potential f
xchanged betw vendors;
f business gift
contributions5 promulgated
that may be i
loyees servingock, including litating late trerning docum
ay purchase, hcurities for cliee advice and a
estors-managincluding QS-A is non-public ures that restr activities, trandition, the Affiployee access
s of interest bd with the Firm
ays;
n-ended inves Affiliated Fun
rder is pendin
ues; and
mmending the
trading, the C for conflicts o
ween employ
s and entertai
s or gifts maded under the Ad
n conflict with
g on the board a ban on purading, market
ments.
hold or sell secent accounts. T actions taken
ed (or sub-advAdvised Funds information. Qrict QS Investonsactions and iliated Funds a only to portfo
etween QS Inm’s other poli
stment compands), for at lea
g (certain exc
purchase or s
Code of Ethics of interest exis
ees and exter
inment given
e by employeedvisers Act; an
h an employe
d of directors orchases for cliet timing or an
curities at or a The personal a by QS Investo
vised) investms). In these caQS Investors a
ors’ access to m portfolio hold are subject to olio holdings in
vestors, its emcies and proce
any sponsoredast sixty (60) d
lusions apply)
sale of a secur
and associatet. These includ
nal business p
to or received
es and any othnd
e’s job respon
of a publicly hent accounts oy other activit
round the sam actions by theors for client a
ment products,ses, employee
and QS Investo material non-pdings of Affilia portfolio hold
nformation th
mployees and edures, are re
| 62
d by Legg ays;
;
rity while they
ed policies alsode:
partners,
d by
her “covered
nsibilities
held company, other than ty in violation
me time that ese individualsccounts.
, including es may have ors Affiliates public
ated Funds anddings hat has been
clients, QS asonably
2
o
,
d
Despite threlieve all resolve the
How to
QS InvestoComplianc
Securitie
As describ14 (Client indirectly bin additionthat is a QIn the caseadvisory feaffiliate min the modfees paid bbe credite
If a Fund-othat are Nthe advisenot creditefee arrangNon-Affiliafunds in wapplicableapplicable
QS InvestoFunds mayInvestors amay be vieThese conItem 10 (O
Particip
QS Investothe Firm’s scenarios,
he measures o potential confe situation in t
Request a
ors’ clients or ce or an accou
es in which
bed in Item 5 ( Referrals and
bear the fees n to any invest
QS-Advised Fune of an Underee paid to theay make a padel fund portf by a QS-Advisd against the
of-Funds clienon-Affiliated
er or distributoed against the
gements are dated Fund on
which to investe Section 529 ce offering docu
ors’ advice to ay cause fees toand other QS ewed as havinflicts of intere
Other Financia
ation or In
ors may, in lim parent compa proprietary ca
utlined aboveflicts of intere the best intere
Copy of Q
prospective clunt representa
h QS Invest
(Fees and Com Other Compe
and expenses tment advisornd, the QS-Adlying Fund tha Affiliate. Sepyment to QS Ifolio. Dependsed Fund to QS advisory or se
t advised by Q Funds, QS Invor of such funde investment aesigned to he behalf of a cot college savin college savinguments.
a Fund-of-Funo be paid to Q Investors Affilng certain conest, and the ml Industry Act
nterest in O
mited circumstaany, Legg Maapital will typi
, clients shoulst. If an unantests of the Firm
QS Investors
ients may reqative at 212-8
tors or a QS
mpensation), Itensation) of th charged by thry fee that maydvised Fund’s at is an Affiliatparately, subje Investors out oding on the coS Investors an
ervice fees oth
QS Investors isestors and QSds in respect o
advisory fees oelp offset QS Inollege savings ngs plan assetsgs plan sponso
nds client to inQS Investors aniates from sucflicts of intere
manner in whicivities and Aff
Other Clien
ances, invest ason, for the pcally be withd
ld be aware thticipated confm’s clients.
s’ Code of
uest a copy of86-9200.
S Investors
tem 10 (Otherhis Brochure, he Underlyingy be paid dire fees and expeted Fund, the ect to an agree of its general ontractual arra
d by an Affiliaherwise charge
s a Section 529S Investors Aff of such investe otherwise chanvestors’ expe plan and mays. Such fee arrors and are dis
nvest in QS-Adnd other QS Inch funds will vest in providingch QS Investorfiliations) of th
t Transacti
and manage purposes of see
drawn from th
hat no set of plict of interest
Ethics
f QS Investors
Affiliate h
r Financial Ind a Fund-of-Fung Funds in whiectly to QS Invenses will inclu Affiliate Fundement betwee resources in cangement agreated Fund to aed by QS Inves
9 college savinfiliates may reced assets. Feerged by QS Inenses associatey be a factor crangements asclosed to coll
dvised Funds, nvestors Affilia
vary. In light og asset allocatrs mitigates thhis Brochure.
ions
proprietary caeding new inv
he vehicles upo
policies and pt should arise,
s’ Code of Eth
has a Mate
dustry Activitiends client adviich it invests. Sestors. In the ude an advisod’s fees and exen QS Investoconsideration oeed to by the
a QS Investorsstors.
ngs plan and ceive and reta
es received frovestors to theed with maint
considered by re disclosed toege savings p
Affiliated Funates. The amo
of such fee arrtion and fund
hose conflicts o
pital of the Firvestment vehion client inves
rocedures can QS Investors
ics by contact
rial Financ
es and Affiliatiised by QS Inv
Such fees and case of an Unry fee paid to xpenses will in
ors and the aff of the Fund b client and QSs Affiliate may
invests in Undain fees from sm Non-Affilia
e college savintaining an inve QS Investors o and consent
plan participan
ds and Non-Aount of fees rerangements, Q selection adv
of interest, are
rm, the Firm’scles or strategstment in the
| 63
n anticipate or will seek to
ting
cial Interest
ons) and Itemvestors will d expenses arenderlying Fund QS Investors. nclude an filiate, the eing included
S Investors, y or may not
derlying Funds such funds or ted Funds aregs plan. Suchestment in a in selecting ted to by the
nts in
Affiliated eceived by QS QS Investors visory services.e described in
s affiliates, or gies. In these vehicles.
3
r
t
m
e d
Aside fromQS Investoparticipati It should barise in whlike all othexecution.services ar
m the limited sors does not mon or interest
be noted that hich trades areher trades exec. "Quid pro qure expressly fo
scenarios in wmanage or inve in client trans
in the Firm’s re executed wicuted for the uo" arrangem
orbidden by Fir
which QS Invesest the Firm’s sactions are lim
role as sub-adth brokers tha
Firm’s clients, ments that wourm policy.
stors provides proprietary camited.
dviser for varioat may distribu are executed uld direct trad
seed capital fapital. As such
ous registered ute the funds solely with th
des to brokers
or new investh, opportunitie
investment co that the Firmhe belief that t in exchange f
ment vehicleses for the Firm
ompanies, situ manages. Th
the broker can for distributio
| 64
s or strategies,m’s
uations may ese trades, n provide bestn or other
4
t
ITEM 1
Best Exe
Unless direclient accoaccounts btransactiotransactio
QS Investocommissioreturns, Q
QS Investomanaged analysis.
Factors
While execalso considThese othe
• Re
• Exth
d
• Sp
• O
• C
• A
QS InvestoInvestors w
Approve
Broker-deaon an ongInvestors h
• C
• Ex
2 - Broke
ecution
ected otherwiounts and to dbased on theirn, or “best exn but may be
ors uses a rangons, fees and tS Investors se
ors manages e through caref
Considered
cution price ader a number er factors may
eliability and a
xecution capahe trade and t
ifficulty of exe
pecialized exp
Operational cap
onfidentiality;
Any other facto
ors does not rewhen selecting
ed Broker
alers are selecgoing basis to has established
reditworthine
xperience and
erage Pra
se by clients, determine the r ability to ach
xecution.” Bes measured ove
ge of strategie taxes, as well eks to minimi
explicit costs oful choice of e
d in the Se
nd commissio of other qualy include:
accuracy of th
bility, taking ithe nature and
ecution, etc.) a
pertise, taking
pabilities and
; and
or permitted/r
eceive client reg broker-deale
List
cted from the ensure that thd through its
ess;
d familiarity wi
ctices
QS Investors h commissions
hieve the best st execution is er time throug
es designed to as implicit cosze the total tr
of trading by nexecution strat
lection of
on rates are ofitative factors
e broker-deal
nto account td difficulty of t
and current or
into account
technology in
equired that i
eferrals from aers for trade e
Firm’s approvhe Firm only pbroker approv
th instrument
has the discret paid to them possible resul not necessarigh multiple tra
o manage transts, also knowransaction cos
negotiating cotegies, real-tim
Broker-Dea
ften importants when evalua
er;
the promptnes the trade in vi
r prevailing m
the security o
nfrastructure;
s deemed imp
any broker-deexecution.
ved broker list.partners with bval process. Br
ts within the
tion to choose. Broker-dealelt reasonably aly measured bansactions.
nsaction costs,wn as market imsts of trading.
ompetitive comme trade man
alers
t factors in selting a broker-
ss of executioiew of the ord
arket conditio
or asset class (i
portant in eva
ealers, thus clie
. Relationships broker-dealersrokers are eva
investment un
e broker-dealeers are selecte available for e by the circums
, which consis mpact. To bes
mmission ratesagement and
lecting a brok-dealer’s abilit
n, the ability tder’s characte
ons;
i.e., complexit
luating execut
ent referrals d
s with each brs that meet th
aluated based
niverse;
ers to executeed for trading each client for stances surrou
st of explicit cost preserve inv
s. Implicit cost detailed post
ker-dealer, QS ty to deliver be
to execute theristics (i.e., the
ty, familiarity,
tion quality.
do not influen
roker-dealer ahe high standa on their:
| 65
trades for in client each
unding a singl
osts, such as vestment
ts are t-trade
Investors mayest execution.
e full size of e size,
etc.);
ce QS
are evaluated ards that QS
5
e
y
• St
• Re
• A
Before QSCommitteadded to tprocedure
As a matteQS Investo
Counter
To the extenter into behalf of sbeyond thexchange-
policies anclient accoreviewing only with transactio
Evaluat
Broker peron a post-Committebasis.
No Part
QS Investoarrangemebroker-deadoes not cbroker sele
Directed
Clients mathe broker
tability and co
egulatory stan
Ability to meet
Investors begee to verify tha the list, they aes. Broker-dea
er of policy, Qors’ parent com
rparties fo
tent permitted various types
such client acchat associated -traded deriva
nd proceduresounts to count and monitori approved couns for limited
ion of Brok
rformance is r-trade basis toee provides ad
icipation in
ors does not reents. Althougalers through
consider this rection process
d Brokerag
ay retain discrer-dealers that
ontinuity of co
nding; and
specific client
gins trading wat they meet tare subject to lers can be re
QS Investors dompany.
r OTC Deri
d by the invest of OTC derivacount. Such tr with normal etive transactio
s relating to OTterparty creditng the financi
unterparties, im time periods (
ker-Dealers
reviewed on a o verify the intditional overs
n Soft Doll
eceive soft doh the Firm doe which securitesearch as a fs.
ge
etion over the may be used
overage;
t requirements
with a broker-dhe requiremen ongoing reviemoved from o
oes not trade w
vatives Tra
tment policies atives transactransactions inv exchange secuons (e.g., futu
TC derivativest risk in conneial condition amplementing c (i.e., short ma
s
continuous begrity of the oight by review
ars Arrang
llar benefits fres not participties transaction factor under th
e broker-deale to execute tra
s.
dealer, they arnts of our bro
ew to confirm our approved
with any brok
ansactions
and guidelinetions, includinvolve potentiaurities transacres and option
s transactions ection with sucand credit ratin counterparty caturities).
basis. The lead overall best exwing best exec
gements
rom client tranpate in these ans are executehe Firm’s polic
ers the Firm usansactions in t
re evaluated boker approval that they mai list at any tim
ker-dealer affil
es applicable tng swaps, optal counterparttions that settns). QS Investo
to seek to mitch transactionng of counter credit risk exp
d portfolio maxecution procecution with ea
nsactions or earrangementsed during the cy to seek bes
ses to execute their account;
by the Firm’s G procedures. Ointain the reqe for failure to
liated with QS
to a client accions and foreity credit risk fotle shortly afteors has adopt
tigate the expns. Such policirparties, engagposure limits, a
nager of eachess. The Firm’sch lead portfo
enter into com, QS Investors normal coursst execution fo
e trades in the and/or (2) req
Governance OvOnce a broker-uirements of oo meet our fir
S Investors or
count, QS Invegn currency fo
or QS Investorer trade date aed certain risk
posure of QS Ies and procedging in such tr and engaging
h strategy revies Governance olio manager o
mmission sharins may receive re of business.or its clients or
ir account by:quiring a port
| 66
versight -dealer is our rm standards.
Legg Mason,
estors may orwards, on rs’ clients and with k managemen
nvestors’ dures include ransactions in such
ews execution Oversight on a quarterly
ng research from QS Investors r during its
(1) limiting ion or all
6
nt
n
y
trading bebroker listthe brokerbrokerageand poten
In an efforQS Investothat QS Inbrokeragethese tranthe trade
Step-out ttrades to bInvestors sbrokeragethese trad
Clients witcommissiodesignatedto the Firmclients witdoes not iorders in a
Directed bother contQS Investo
Trade A
Although same day transactioaverage exfill an agg
QS InvestoOccasiona
• A
• C
• Q
e conducted w. QS Investorsr-dealer(s) tha
e may not be antially more co
rt to achieve bors may use “svestors selects
e client to the sactions, the f
in return for a
transactions al broker-dealersselects for trade client will be es may differ
th directed bron costs in an d broker-dealem’s securities tth directed bro nclude clients an equitable m
brokerage arratractual arrangors, clients sho
Aggregatio
each client ac for multiple cn order, whichxecution priceregated order
ors generally bal exceptions m
Available cash
ompliance wi
QS Investors’ ri
with one or mos has an obligat it believes of
able to participostly than, trad
best executionstep-out” trads must agree t specified brok first broker-deall, or part, of
llow QS Invests’ expertise or de execution d executed sep from those ob
okerage may aggregated trer. Because oftrading, the Fiokerage versus with directedmanner.
angements angements at thould be fully a
n and Allo
ccount is indivlient accountsh may reduce
e and the averr, the Firm wil
bases the pro-may be based
in client accou
th client-spec
sk controls; an
ore broker-deaation to seek bffer best execpate in aggregdes executed f
n for clients thding to meet t to transfer theker-dealer. Thealer executes the commissio
tors’ traders to order flows, w
does not agreeparately by thebtained from
pay higher coransaction maf certain prederm may not es those execu
d brokerage in
d their condithe beginning oware of the p
cation
idually manags. When possi transaction coage commissil typically alloc
rata allocation on factors inc
unts;
ific guidelines
nd
alers, includin best executionution may impgated orders a for other clien
at have retainthe directed be portion of ais action is kno
s the trade, whon.
o satisfy client which can rede to participat
eir specified br an executing
ommissions thaay vary if QS Inetermined liquxecute the sated on behalf
n an aggregate
ions must be of each client potential impa
ged, QS Investble, QS Investosts. With limon paid in thecate the partia
n on each cliecluding the fo
and restrictio
ng brokers than for all client pede the Firm
and may receints.
ned discretion rokerage oblign aggregated own as a “stehile the secon
t-directed brokduce market imte in a step-ouroker-dealer (n broker-dealer
an others in anvestors steps uidity constraime number of of clients wited order, the
specified in in relationship. Bct of directed
tors will often tors generally
mited exceptione aggregated ally filled trans
nt’s order sizellowing:
ons;
t may not be trades, but th’s ability to dove execution t
over all or a pgation. In thes order that pe
ep-out” or “gid one clears a
kerage commmpact. If the eut transactionnot aggregater chosen by QS
aggregated or out a portionnts imposed b
of shares (or filthout such arr Firm strives to
nvestment ma Before enterin brokerage on
buy or sell th aggregates thns, each client order. If QS Insactions to clie
e relative to th
on the Firm’s he Firm’s inabio so. Clients th that is not as
portion of brose cases, the b
ertains to a dirive-up” transa
and settles all,
itments while executing bro, the trade fored). TransactioS Investors.
ders. For examn of the trade by QS Investorll percentage) angements. If
o generate its
nagement agrng into an agren trade execut
e same securihese transactiot will be allocanvestors cannoents on a pro-
he aggregated
| 67
approved ility to choosehat direct favorable as,
oker selection, broker-dealer rected-action. In or part, of
e matching ker-dealer QSr a directed-on costs for
mple, to a rs with respect in trades for f QS Investors separate
reements or eement with tion.
ties on the ons as a singleated the ot completely -rata basis.
d order.
7
t
e
• R
In some sisituations
• C
• Tr
• Trtr
• Shin
• Pa
When tradQS Investo
When QS to reduce
As more fdirected-b
QS Investoperiodicallaccordanc
Delays in edue to var
Manage In additionmaintains (subject tomanaged investmenLMPPG an DependingdisseminatCommunimodel porCommuni
ules and regu
tuations, QS i could result f
ountries with
rades in the sa
rades in the sarading instruct
hort sales of sn order to seek
articipation in
des are not agors seeks to ha
Investors is un these costs by
ully described brokerage clien
ors confirms thly reviews partce with the Fir
executing tradrious circumsta
ed Account
n to the policie a Trade Como system limita pursuant to thnt personnel fond program sp
g on the progte the model cation Policy, rtfolios and incation Policy.
lations establi
nvestors may rom the follow
market restric
ame security t
ame security ttions;
ecurities wherk “best execut
client-directe
ggregated, theave broker-de
nable to aggrey monitoring s
above under nts in aggrega
hat broker-deatially-filled tram’s trade allo
de orders and ances and are
t Programs
es stated abovmunication Poations or unanhe same invesor implementaponsors).
ram type, upo portfolio to pr which is descstructions from
shed by an ex
not be able towing:
ctions, as is th
that are releas
that are releas
re QS investortion” or maint
d brokerage a
ey do not typicalers generate
egate trades, asecurity liquid
“Directed Broated orders.
alers follow thde allocationscation policy.
deviations froe generally not
s
ve to promoteolicy which reqnticipated evenstment model,ation at the sa
on receipt of arogram sponsribed in LMPPm LMPPG to s
xchange, mark
o or may choo
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ed to a broke
ed to the sam
rs may choosetain a specific
arrangements
cally receive the separate ord
accounts mayity and limitin
okerage,” whe
he Firm’s trades among client
om QS Investot considered t
e fair and eququires that all nts). With resp, updates to mame time as co
a model portfoors or their de
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ket or others.
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er-dealer at dif
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y have higher mg trade volum
enever possib
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itable treatme model portfopect to QS Invmodel portfolioommunicated
olio, LMPPG wesignees in acchure (Item 12 (or their desig
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markets;
fferent times o
ler at the sam
h an account’satio; and
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market impacmes.
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properly. In a ensure that th
cation policy m
ent of all clienolios be dissemvestors institutos will be com to other mod
will implementcordance with
2). Please notgnees) is subje
s for client acc
of the day;
me time but wi
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price. In thes
ct costs. QS Inv
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ddition, Comphey have been
may occur from
t accounts, Qminated simulttional client ac
mmunicated todel recipients (
t the model poh LMPPG’s Trate that comm
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| 68
counts. These
th different
prime broker
e situations,
vestors seeks
ansactions for
pliance n conducted in
m time to time
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ortfolio or ade unication of s Trade
8
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e
When QS discussionfor a descdifferent faccount pmanager o
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Except undthe matchthrough aEach cross
New Iss
For most iissues offemanaged IPOs and o
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As noted iportfolio m(“side-by-sinstances short in anpurchasingarrangemearrangemeCompliancthe approinadvertenstrategies
Errors T
In accordaaccordancregardless
Corrective
Investors serv of trading prription of LMP
from the resulrograms due t
or LMPPG.
rading
der very rare ching of buy an broker. The rs trade must b
ues
nvestment strerings. Howev by Underlying other new issu
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in Item 6 (Perf managers mayside managem in which QS Innother accoung a security ments, QS Invesents that are rce reviews oppriate investmnt cross trades or accounts a
That Affect
ance with firmce with applicas of the amoun
e action to reso
ves as sub-advactices applicaPPG’s trading ts obtained fo
to the timing
circumstancesd sell orders f
reason for a crbe approved b
rategies (and tver, Affiliated Fg Managers seues offerings.
agement A
formance-Basey manage longment arrangemnvestors holdsnt (or vice vers
may result in anstors has implereasonably deposite transac
ment team, if ns. In addition, appear to rece
Client Acc
m policy, any eable regulationt; gains, whe
olve errors mu
iser to LMPPGable to these a practices. Moor accounts th and implemen
, QS Investors for the same sross trade wouy Compliance
then only rare Funds and Noelected by QS
Arrangeme
ed Fees and Sg-only accounments”). Whes a long positiosa). Selling a sen increase in itemented policsigned to ens
ctions and posnecessary. The they periodicaive preferentia
counts
rror affecting ns. Any lossesere permitted,
ust be approve
G, QS Investors arrangementsdel portfolio cat are managntation of QS
s does not engsecurity in diffeuld be to benee, achieve best
ly), QS Investoon-Affiliated Fu Investors in M
nts
ide-by-Side Mnts alongside an side-by-sideon in a securitecurity short mts value. Sincecies and proceure that all of sitions in the sey also review ally review accal treatment o
a client accous incurred as a are retained
ed by Complia
s does not havs, please refer clients may exed and traded Investors mod
gage in cross terent client acefit client accot execution an
ors does not dunds in Fund-
Manager-of-M
Management) o accounts that e managementty in one acco
may result in ae certain clientedures specificf the Firm’s clie same securitie opposite trancount perform
or are being sy
unt must be rea result of a Q for the benefi
ance and man
ve trade place to Item 12 of
xperience accod by QS Investdel portfolio b
trades, which ccounts, eitheounts by redund meet all reg
directly participof-Funds, andanagers arran
of this Brochu buy securitiest arrangemen
ount while hol a decrease of t positions macally to addresents are treates for validity, o
nsactions to enmance dispersiystematically d
esolved fairly, S Investors errit of the client
nagement.
ement responsf LMPPG’s ADount performators outside of
by a sponsor, o
are generally er internally orcing trade exegulatory requi
pate in IPOs od Sleeves of clingements, may
ure, certain of s both long ants exist, thereding the same its value; convay be conflictess side-by-sideed fairly and e obtaining justnsure that theon to ensure
disadvantaged
promptly andror are reimbut in the client
| 69
sibility. For a V Brochure
ance that is f managed overlay
defined as externally ecution costs. rements.
r other new ient accounts y invest in
the Firm’s nd short may be e security versely, ed under thesee managemen equitably. tification fromere are no that no d.
d in ursed, account.
9
e t
ITEM 1
Portfoli
Accounts appropriatCompliancguidelines
Portfolio mbeen exec
PerformanCommitteconsistencstrategy, aAccounts detail by tperforman
Triggers
More freqsuch trigginterpretivstrategies.
Complia
Complianctrade basisapplicationorder entrensure tha
Investmenmonth onmanipulat
Client R
Clients gepackage p
3 - Revie
o Manage
are reviewed te for each acce also reviews, restrictions a
managers, in tcuted in accord
nce is formallyee. The Investmcy of the perfo
among other t that do not fahe Governancnce.
s for Review
uent reviews ers may includ
ve guidance fr.
ance Review
ce monitors ms through a son tests the rulry, trade allocaat market fluc
nt guidelines a a post-trade
tive trading pr
Reporting
nerally receiveprovided to the
w of Acco
r Reviews
by the Firm’s count in acco
ws each accoun and applicable
their role as tradance with tra
y reviewed moment Oversighormance with things, is revieall within a reace Oversight C
w
may be triggede: significantom regulators
ws
most client inveoftware applices coded for eation and comtuations have
nd restrictions basis. In additactices and th
e reports aboue Firm’s client
ounts
portfolio manrdance with tnt with the use regulatory re
aders, also revading instruct
onthly by portfht Committee respect to strewed on a moasonable deviaCommittee to
ered by other et market events, client reque
estment guidecation integrat each portfoliompletion of tra
not resulted
s that cannot tion, Complianhat no strategi
ut their accounts may include
nagers on a cohe client’s este of automate
equirements.
view transactioions.
folio manager reviews perfoategy objectiv
onthly basis byation of the ov better unders
events unrelatts, changes in sts for review
elines and restted with the F
o against tradindes. Complian
in any breach
be monitorednce periodicalies or account
nt(s) on a mone:
ontinuous basitablished guided tools to co
ons on a post
rs and quarterormance by invves. In additiony the Firm’s Goverall strategystand causes f
ted to perform account guid
w, and changes
trictions for cl Firm’s order mng activity durnce also review of investmen
d automaticallyly monitors trts appear to re
nthly or quart
is to ensure thelines and inv
onfirm adheren
t-trade basis to
rly by the Firmvestment stratn, performancovernance Ovy performance
for appreciable
mance or traddelines, regulas in the Firm’s
ient accounts management sy
ring the coursws post-tradet guidelines.
y are typically ading activity eceive prefere
erly basis. The
hat investmentvestment objecnce to investm
o verify that o
’s Investment tegy, attributice dispersion wersight Comm
e are reviewede differences i
ing activity. Extory reform o
s internal proc
on both a preystem. The cose of the tradie exception rep
reviewed ma to confirm th
ential treatmen
e standard rep
| 70
ts are ctives.
ment
orders have
Oversight on and the
within each mittee. d in more in
xamples of r new esses and/or
e- and post-ompliance ng day, at porting to
nually each e absence of
nt.
porting
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The naturespecializedTypically, amodified a
The informconsiders Brochure,
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ecurities held,
ost and repor
otal market va
ummaries of t
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iscussion of p
e and frequend packages or a client’s repo at any time du
mation on thesthe client’s cu clients should
uest, QS Invesexercises voting
ncy and Naanager Sel
e of a Fund-ofe Underlying Focess includes .
w process inclueview include:
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A statistical ana
Additional fina
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he backgroun
nvestment pro
Organizational
lient service re
ompliance pro
including qua
rted or estimat
alue of the acc
transactions;
eturns;
ttribution relat
ortfolio perfo
ncy of reports more frequen
orting requiremuring the life o
se reports shoustodian the od receive acco
tors also provg responsibilit
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f-Funds arrang Funds and the analyses of th
udes both qua
attribution an
alysis of histor
ncial and econ
of the client a Underlying Fu
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stability and b
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antities;
ted market va
count;
tive to benchm
rmance and/o
each client rent delivery maments are doc of the relation
ould not be coofficial record kunt statement
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count Revivisory Serv
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antitative and
nalysis for the
rical returns an
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risk controls;
alue of each po
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or more freque
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eview process advisers. In thtfolio as well a
qualitative ele
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investment pe
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and
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official recordch account. A
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ements. The q
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| 7
stomized or ting needs.
may be
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ents for whom
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e client
r the d assessment
1
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e to the Sleevee’s performancnce attributionon relative to
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irms typically ors does not
on upon reque
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nclude due di
t in Underlyingance history wctives.
ged Sleeves, Qn such Sleeves Sleeve’s compe and market cce relative to bn analysis to h that of the ap
t Programs
prepare and s send regulaest.
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g Funds, includwhere QS Inves
QS Investors’ p on a daily bas
position, in lig conditions. To benchmark peelp assess por
pplicable benc
s
send regular ar account rep
ssions and per
ding QS-Advisstors determin
portfolio mansis. Such revieht of factors s
o the extent aperformance. Artfolio diversifchmark.
account statemports to such
riodic on-site v
sed Funds andnes that such
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As part of suchication and un
ments to clienh clients, but
visits.
d Affiliated Fu investment is
such Sleeves a focus on the cvestment objeh reviews mayh reviews, portnderstand diff
nts in Sponsor may agree
nds, that have consistent wit
and the securi continued inveective and stray include constfolio manageferences in po
r Firm investm to provide ce
| 72
e a limited th a Fund-of-
ties and otherestment
ategy ideration of
ers may utilizeortfolio
ment programsertain accoun
2
r
s. nt
ITEM 1
Client R
QS Investoprovide Qgenerally binclude a fnot by ourwill compl
If the solicconditionsInvestors’ unaffiliatestatementrelationsh
While conconsultantproposals they awarawarded minstances
QS Investodata and dmay also cgifts and epossible co
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As describ11 (Code Funds cliewhich it inInvestors. include anFund’s feebetween Qin consideagreed to
4 - Client
Referrals
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based on a pe flat fee, in accr clients, who ly with the req
citors are unafs of the solicita Brochure (Fored solicitors aret and Brochureip.
sultants may ts. However, s or participated business to
mandate. Whi in the future w
ors may purch database acce contribute to c entertainmentonflicts of inte
ceived by Q
bed in Item 5 ( of Ethics, Partnt advised by nvests. Such fe In the case ofn advisory fee es and expense QS Investors aeration of the by the client a
t Referral
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refer QS Inves some consulta
in manager s that adviser. Tile QS Investor
where the Firm
ase products ess. Additional charitable evet (subject to Qerest as a resu
QS Investor
(Fees and Comticipation or In QS Investors wees and expenf an Underlyin paid to QS Inves will includend the affiliat
Fund being in and QS Invest
ls and Ot
market the firrals. Solicitorshe investment written solicised any additi Rule 206(4)-3
QS Investors, tment, includin
2). Upon ente provide signedhat are affiliate
stors to their cants charge inv searches. Som This fee is typrs has not parm makes these
or services frolly, QS Investonts sponsored
QS Investors’ gult of these pu
rs and QS I
mpensation), Itnterest in Clien will indirectly nses are in addg Fund that isvestors. In thee an advisory fte, the affiliatecluded in the
tors, fees paid
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they must provng their compring into an ad and dated aed with QS Inv
clients, it is novestment advie consultants ically based onticipated in the types of pay
om certain conors may pay tod by clients anifts and entertrchases and c
nvestors A
tem 10 (Othernt Transaction bear the fees dition to any ins a QS-Advisede case of an Ufee paid to thee may make a model fund p by a QS-Advi
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ments. These f Any solicitati
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t QS Investorsisers a fee to o may also chan a percentag
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contributions.
Affiliates fro
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portfolio. Depesed Fund to Q
n
-time, unaffilia new clients mnvestors by thees are paid don arrangeme
ith a disclosurm QS Investorsact with QS Inment that theynly required to
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directly by QS ent QS Investo
re describing ts, and a copy onvestors, clienty received the
o disclose the n
pay referral fepond to requesn investment
stment advisor in the past, t
btain business
analytics, benred conferencovide them wnts and clients
one other t
es and Affiliati this Brochure
the Underlyingt may be paidnd’s fees and
Affiliated Fundect to an agre
out of its genee contractual and by an Affil
| 73
als and entitieses that are ut may also Investors and ors enters into
the terms and of QS ts referred by disclosure
nature of the
es to sts for adviser whenry fee for the here could be.
nchmark indexes. The Firm
with limited s could face
than a
ons) and Item, a Fund-of-
g Funds in d directly to QS expenses will , the Affiliate eement ral resources
arrangement iated Fund to
3
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QS InvestoFunds mayInvestors amay be vieThese conItem 10 (O
stors Affiliate
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er or distributoed against the
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which to investe Section 529 ce offering docu
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and other QS ewed as havinflicts of intere
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t advised by Q Funds, QS Invor of such funde investment aesigned to he behalf of a cot college savin college savinguments.
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nvest in QS-Adnd other QS Inch funds will vest in providingch QS Investorfiliations) of th
advisory or ser
9 college savinfiliates may reced assets. Feerged by QS Inenses associatey be a factor crangements asclosed to coll
dvised Funds, nvestors Affilia
vary. In light og asset allocatrs mitigates thhis Brochure.
rvice fees othe
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es received frovestors to theed with maint
considered by re disclosed toege savings p
Affiliated Funates. The amo
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hose conflicts o
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| 74
ed by QS
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nts in
Affiliated eceived by QS QS Investors visory services.e described in
4
ITEM 1
QS Investowith a quaresponsiblinforming acts of a c
However, pursuant tfrom the cclient accoarrangemewith respecontracted
As noted iFund Manauthority gcomparabfunds or scomminglindependefinancial sAdvisers A
Where QSconfirm thquarterly ooccurring,directly froreceive dirStatementdue to diffsecurities. custodian.
4 The clientexaminatioleast annua206(4)-2 of
5 - Custo
ors does not halified custodie for settling QS Investors
client’s custod
QS Investors m to an agreeme client’s accounount if, under ents to hold aect to the trand for services a
in Item 10 (Otnagement, LLC granted to male positions heecurities. As aed funds. Sucent public accotatements are
Act.4
S Investors mahat the broker or more frequ in the client a
om its qualifierectly from thets and reports ferences in ac Clients should.
t funds and secun by an indepeally and the audf the Advisers A
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have physical can of their ch transactions, aof additions aian or for dire
may be deemeent with a client. QS Investo rare circumstand maintain s
nsfer or withdr and to collect
ther Financial C) acts as the ganaging memeld for other ta result, QS Invch assets are mountant regist
e delivered to
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account durind custodian. Ieir qualified cu received from
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custody of funoice to take p
accepting instand withdrawaect account ex
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such client’s furawal of funds fees owed to
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types of commvestors is deem
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to have const or other qualstatements refg the period. n addition, QSustodians to am QS Investorscedures, reporir account rep
QS Investors isccountant unlestatements are d
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vities and Affiler or managind liability compmingled funds med to have cth a “qualifiede Public Comphe commingle
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assets if QS Ineduct and paytive custody oablishing and s the authorityient’s accounttes for such se
s Brochure, QSf certain commal partners of such persons ustody of the and are auditeng Oversight cordance with
ts in a client’s t’s account w
other assets heview any acco compare accoports they recets received frothodologies w
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d, each client The custodiane account asse is not responserage expense
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| 75
t contracts n is also ets and sible for the
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r QS Investors . The erships, or cess to client se y an OB”). Audited-2 of the
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s
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QS Investoassuming similar agrclient’s acc
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6 - Invest
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ype and amou
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ay elect to set s, on activity wt between QSn the fund’s p relationship b
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some client a trades in theiQS Investors mnts. In these ci
tment Dis
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nvestors discre
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selected for tr
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n this discretiocount. Guideld the client. In other offeringhanged througude:
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n the case of ag document. Gghout the life
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| 76
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| 77
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| 78
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| 79
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| 80
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| 8
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| 82
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2
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r
Form ADV Part 2B Brochure Supplement –
SAA
July 16, 2018
880 Third Avenue 7th Floor New York, NY 10022 212.886.9200 t 212.886.9201 f http://www.qsinvestors.com
This Brochure Supplement provides information about Adam J. Petryk, Thomas
Picciochi, Ellen Tesler, and Robert Yu Ming Wang that supplements the QS Investors’
Form ADV Part 2A Brochure. You should have received a copy of the Brochure.
Please contact your account representative if you did not receive QS Investors’
Brochure or if you have any questions about the contents of this Supplement.
Adam J. Petryk, CFA®
President QS Investors, LLC
Item 2 – Educational Background and Business Experience
Adam J. Petryk, CFA1, born in 1971, holds a BS in Computer Engineering and an MS in Electrical Engineering from the University of Waterloo (Canada).
Adam joined Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. (“Batterymarch”) in 2007 as Global Investment Strategist and Senior Portfolio Manager. In 2008, he was named Senior Director and Global Investment Strategist of Batterymarch’s Global Developed Markets investment team. Adam became Deputy Chief Investment Officer and Senior Portfolio Manager in 2010, as well as Co-Head of Batterymarch’s Developed Markets investment team. He was promoted to Chief Investment Officer in 2012, with overall responsibility for all of Batterymarch’s developed and emerging markets portfolios. In 2014, upon Batterymarch’s integration with QS Investors, LLC (“QS Investors”) and Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation, LLC, Adam began serving as Head of Multi-Asset and Solutions for all three firms. The three firms were fully integrated under QS Investors effective April 1, 2016. In July 2018, Adam was named President of QS Investors.
Adam has 22 years of investment industry experience.
Item 3 – Disciplinary Information
None.
Item 4 – Other Business Activities
None.
Item 5 – Additional Compensation
Adam does not receive any additional compensation other than the compensation he receives for the services he provides on behalf of QS Investors.
Item 6 – Supervision
Adam reports to Janet Campagna, Chief Executive Officer, who can be reached at 212- 886-9200. In addition to peer and committee review, oversight of Adam’s activities may include, but is not limited to:
• Periodic meetings to review QS Investors’
overall business and the management and performance of client accounts as well as less formal reviews as needs dictate;
• Reliance on portfolio guidelines compliance monitoring performed by compliance professionals; and
• Reliance on a comprehensive internal compliance program.
1 Qualification as a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)® charterholder requires: (i) A bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution or equivalent education or work experience; (ii) Successful completion of all three exam levels of the CFA program; (iii) 48 months of acceptable professional work experience in the investment decision-making process; (iv) Fulfillment of local society requirements, which vary by society; and (v) Entry into a Member’s Agreement, a Professional Conduct Statement and any additional documentation requested by the CFA Institute. CFA® and Chartered Financial Analyst® are registered trademarks owned by the CFA Institute.
1
Thomas A. Picciochi, CAIA®
Portfolio Manager and Head of Multi-Asset Portfolio Management QS Investors, LLC
Item 2 – Educational Background and Business Experience
Thomas Picciochi, CAIA 1, born in 1963, holds a BA and an MBA in Finance from the University of Miami.
Thomas is a Portfolio Manager and is the Head of Multi-Asset Portfolio Management. In 2014, upon QS Investors, LLC’s (“QS Investors”) integration with Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. and Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation, LLC, he began serving as Portfolio Manager and Head of Multi-Asset Portfolio Management for all three firms. The three firms were fully integrated under QS Investors effective April 1, 2016.
Prior to joining QS Investors in 2010, he served as Senior Portfolio Manager at Deutsche Asset Management from 1999- 2010.
Thomas has 31 years of investment industry experience.
Item 3 – Disciplinary Information
None.
Item 4 – Other Business Activities
None.
Item 5 – Additional Compensation Thomas does not receive any additional compensation other than the compensation he receives for the services he provides on behalf of QS Investors.
Item 6 – Supervision
Thomas reports to Robert Wang, Chief Operating Officer – Head of Portfolio Management, who can be reached at 212-886-9200. In addition to peer and committee review, oversight of Thomas’s activities may include, but is not limited to:
• Periodic meetings to review QS
Investors’ overall business and the management and performance of client accounts as well as less formal reviews as needs dictate;
• Reliance on portfolio guidelines compliance monitoring performed by compliance professionals; and
• Reliance on a comprehensive internal compliance program.
1 The Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) designation is a globally recognized credential which evidences completion of the
CAIA program. The program is comprised of a two-tier exam process with a focus on alternative asset classes, asset allocation, trading strategies, and risk management. Please visit http://www.caia.org for additional information.
2
Ellen Tesler Portfolio Manager QS Investors, LLC
Item 2 – Educational Background and Business Experience
Ellen Tesler, born in 1977, holds a BBA in Management and an MBA in Finance from Pace University.
Ellen is a Portfolio Manager for QS Investors, LLC (“QS Investors”). In 2014, upon QS Investors’ integration with Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. and Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation, LLC, she began serving as Portfolio Manager for all three firms. The three firms were fully integrated under QS Investors effective April 1, 2016.
Prior to joining QS Investors in 2010, she was Portfolio Manager (2003-2010) and Quantitative Analyst (2000-2003) at Deutsche Asset Management.
Ellen has 19 years of investment industry experience.
Item 3 – Disciplinary Information
None.
Item 4 – Other Business Activities
None.
Item 5 – Additional Compensation Ellen does not receive any additional compensation other than the compensation she receives for the services she provides on behalf of QS Investors.
Item 6 – Supervision
Ellen reports to Thomas Picciochi, CAIA1, Head of Multi-Asset Portfolio Management, who can be reached at 212- 886-9200. In addition to peer and committee review, oversight of Ellen’s activities may include, but is not limited to:
• Periodic meetings to review QS
Investors’ overall business and the management and performance of client accounts as well as less formal reviews as needs dictate;
• Reliance on portfolio guidelines compliance monitoring performed by compliance professionals; and
• Reliance on a comprehensive internal compliance program.
1 The Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) designation is a globally recognized credential which evidences completion of the
CAIA program. The program is comprised of a two-tier exam process with a focus on alternative asset classes, asset allocation, trading strategies, and risk management. Please visit http://www.caia.org for additional information.
3
Robert Yu Ming Wang Chief Operating Officer – Head of Portfolio Management QS Investors, LLC
Item 2 – Educational Background and Business Experience
Robert Wang, born in 1960, holds a BS in Economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Robert is the Chief Operating Officer and Head of Portfolio Management at QS Investors, LLC (“QS Investors”). In 2014, upon QS Investors’ integration with Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. and Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation, LLC, he began serving as Head of Portfolio Management for all three firms. The three firms were fully integrated under QS Investors effective April 1, 2016. In 2015, Robert was named Chief Operating Officer.
Prior to joining QS Investors in 2010, he served as Head of Quantitative Portfolio Management and Trading (1999-2010) and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager (1995-1999) at Deutsche Asset Management.
Robert has 36 years of investment industry experience.
Item 3 – Disciplinary Information
None.
Item 4 – Other Business Activities Robert is registered as an Associated Person and a Principal with the National Futures Association in connection with QS Investors’ registration as a Commodity Trading Adviser
(CTA). An Associated Person is an individual permitted to solicit funds on behalf of a CTA, which allows Robert to discuss investment strategies involving commodity interests with clients and prospects. He spends no more than a limited amount of his time in such discussions and receives no commissions or other sales-based compensation in connection with those efforts.
Item 5 – Additional Compensation
Robert does not receive any additional compensation other than the compensation he receives for the services he provides on behalf of QS Investors.
Item 6 – Supervision
Robert reports to Janet Campagna, Chief Executive Officer, who can be reached at 212-886-9200. In addition to peer and committee review, oversight of Robert’s activities may include, but is not limited to:
• Periodic meetings to review QS
Investors’ overall business and the management and performance of client accounts as well as less formal reviews as needs dictate;
• Reliance on portfolio guidelines compliance monitoring performed by compliance professionals; and
• Reliance on a comprehensive internal compliance program.
4