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DRAFT CAPE PATERSON

FORESHORE

MANAGEMENT PLAN·

SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 3

1.1 DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA (CAPE PATERSON FORESHORE) 3

1.2 PURPOSE OF MANAGEMENT PLAN 4

1.3 LAND TENURE 4

1.4 DEVELOPMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT PLAN 4

1.5 GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGIES AND OTHER INFLUENCES 5

1.6 PERIOD OF THE PLAN AND REVIEW MECHANISM 5

1.7 PRIMARY MANAGEMENT AIMS 5

1.8 PRIMARY MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES 7

SECTION 2 RESOURCE CONSERVATION 10

2.1 NATIVE VEGETATION MANAGEMENT 10

2.2 NATIVE WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 13 2.2.1 Background 13 2.2.2 Issues: 13

2.3 GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY 14

2.4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES 15

2.5 EUROPEAN HISTORY 17

2.6 LANDSCAPE 18

SECTION 3 FORESHORE PROTECTION 20

3.1 COAST AL EROSION 20

3.2 PEST PLANTS 21

3.3 PEST ANIMALS 22

3.4 FIRE MANAGEMENT 23

3.5 ADJACENT LAND USE 24

3.6 REGULATIONS AND RESTRICTIONS 26

SECTION 4 VISITOR USE 29

4.1 TOURISM 29

4.2 VISITOR INFORMATION AND EDUCATION 30

4.3 VISITOR FACILITIES AND SERVICES 32

4.4. CAMPING AND CARAVANING 34

l4.5 SWIMMING/SURFING 35

4.6 COMP ANION DOGS 36

4.7BOATING 37

l 4.7 PLAYEQUIPMENT 37

4.8 VEHICLE ACCESS AND CARP ARKING 38

14.9 WALKING TRACKS AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS 39

4.10 SCENIC LOOKOUTS 40

1 4.11 SAFETY ACCESS FOR VISITORS WITH DISABILITIES 41

4.12 PUBLIC HEAL TH AND SAFETY 41

SECTION 5 AUTHORISED USES 43

I 5.1 COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES 43

5.2 ORGANISED EVENTS 45

SECTION 6 MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION 46

I6.1 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES/ OTHER ORGANISATIONS 46

6.2 VOLUNTEER WORK/COMMUNITY GROUPS 47

SECTION 7 FINANCIAL RESOURCES 48

I7.1 Background 48

SECTION 8 IMPLEMENTATION OF PLAN 50

8.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN 50

APPENDIX ONE: 59

VEGETATION COMMUNITIES OF THE CAPE PATERSON 59

FORESHORE RESERVE 59

APPENDIX TWO: 62

PLANTS OF CAPE PATERSON 62

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SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA (CAPE PATERSON FORESHORE)

Cape Paterson is a coastal town situated within the Bass Coast Shire Council (BCSC) in South Gippsland which is located 140 km south- east of Melbourne by road, approximately halfway between Melbourne and Wilson Promontory. The coastline of Cape Paterson is of a southerly aspect facing BassStrait..

The area ofland indicated on Map lA, located between southern extensions of Wilson Road (west) and Boundary Road ( east), constitutes the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve. BCSC is the Committee of Management for this area of land.

The Foreshore Reserve is approximately 1.9 kilometers from east to west and approximately .26 kilometers north to south. Within this 47 hectares of coastline a range of beaches, rock platforms and ocean conditions are experienced.

Coastal forms and facilities experienced along this section of coastline include: an ideal learner/children sand beach with a 10 metre long rock pool and an associated Royal Life Saving organisation; a boat ramp accessing Bass Straight from a beach launch across a reef and in to deeper channels; two surf beaches, one with an associated Surf Life Saving organisation; and a fishing beach. The fishing and un-patroiled surf beach experience strong tidal movements and currents. Intermittent rock platforms, which are characteristic of the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park, are represented along this section of coast. The level of protection and sculpturing of beaches that these platforms provide, contributes to the range of marine conditions experienced

Cape Paterson has a resident population of 510 people, comprising mainly of retirees, families and those employed in neighboring Wonthaggi and other nearby towns. Cape Paterson experiences a high influx of visitors during the summer season and on weekends with more than half of the dwellings in Cape Paterson being holiday houses. Visitors are accommodated in flats and the foreshore camping/caravan park. The Foreshore Reserve is also a popular area for day trip visitors from Melbourne and the Latrobe Valley area.

The coastal area of Cape Paterson is composed of a range of natural and man made assets including: • significant remnant heathland and other coast vegetation communities• three caravan and camping areas• picnic areas and playgrounds• public access areas to the beaches• scenic walking trails throughout the reserve• dramatic cliffs, caves and other topographical features• two life saving club houses• 3 main car parks and public amenities.

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1.2 PURPOSE OF MANAGEMENT PLAN

The main purpose of the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve Management Plan is to assist the Committee of Management in the proper planning for the future use and development of the Foreshore Reserve and ensure the management and preservation ofits natural resources, consistent with State policy, regulations and guidelines for foreshores and coastlines, public risk management.

1.3 LAND TENURE

The Cape Paterson foreshore is located within the western section of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment's proposed Bunurong Coastal Park which borders the existing Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park (Figure 1 ). Cape Paterson foreshore originally comprised of Crown allotments 38D, 38E, 38F and 39B, reserve of approximately 77 hectares in the Parish ofWonthaggi. This area was permanently reserved for the protection of the coastline on 22.3.1972, 13.3.1968, 26.7.1972 and 22. 5 .197 4 respectively.

In December, 1991, the Bunurong Marine Park, was reserved under the Crown Land

(Reserves) Act 1978 and added to Schedule Four of the National Parks Act 1975. Two Conservation Zones were proposed at this time. Cape Paterson allotments 38D, 38E and 38F were reassigned into allotment 50A encompassing a large section of the Cape Paterson foreshore and the foreshore west of Cape Paterson into the Proposed Bunurong Conservation Zones. Allotment 39B remains separate to allotment 50A and is also reserved within the Bunurong Conservation Zone. Park Regulations 1984 apply to both the Sanctuary and Conservation Zones.

The original crown allotment 38C of approximately 353 m2 in the Parish ofWonthaggi was excised from the reserve on 27.5.1981 and is now amalgamated within allotment 50A, the original area of 38C is currently leased to the Cape Paterson Surf Life Saving Club.

1.4 DEVELOPMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Bunurong Marine was proclaimed in December 1991. The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park Draft Management Plan, contains proposals to extend the existing marine park to incorporate the adjacent coastal reserves between Hanners Haven and Inverloch. This was in response to community concerns regarding the need for the complementary management of both marine and coastal environments.

The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park Draft Management Plan contains proposals for the future management of both the marine and coastal environment in the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park. The area of foreshore within the Bunurong Coastal Park and adjacent to the Cape Paterson township, is the responsibility of the Bass Coast Shire Council as the Committee of Management.

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This area of foreshore is a high utilisation area and the need for a comprehensive management plan is in response to community concerns regarding the management of the· coastal environment considering human utilisation and the areas of significant natural resources. This Cape Paterson Foreshore Management Plan aims to protect vegetation communities and connected ecosystems, as well as provide for education, research and recreation opportunities.

1.5 GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGIES AND OTHER

INFLUENCES

The Major Government Strategies

The Victorian Government has developed several major strategies and policies or programs in the last decade which influence preparation of plans for, and management of, Crown land. The conservation objectives of the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park will be met by using specific legislation to regulate activities in the Park and thus secure its long-term future. The major legislation will be under the National Parks Act 1975, the Fisheries Act 1968, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 and the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978.

For a more detailed listing of International, National and State policies and legislation that affect marine and coastal parks see the Proposed Management Plan, Shallow Inlet Marine and Coastal Park (DCB 1990).

In December, 1991, the area of the Conservation Zone of the Bunurong Marine Park, including Cape Paterson, was reserved under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 and added to Schedule Four of the National Parks Act 1975.

Other Influences

Regional and local government strategies, and business enterprises that provide public utilities also affect the Foreshore Reserve management. Adjace_nt landowners, community interest, specialist groups and representative government bodies, which include the DNRE, also interact with and influence the Council in planning and works undertaken within the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve.

1.6 PERIOD OF THE PLAN AND REVIEW MECHANISM

The plan has been prepared to help Council as the Committee of Management to plan for the next 5 years when a review will be required to update information and Council's priorities and objectives. The process for this review should be considered at that time.

It is also essenti.al that the responsible departmental officer annually revise the plan to enable urgent works to be shifted up the list and also to review the works and programs already carried out to ensure they are effective and relevant.

1.7 PRIMARY MANAGEMENT AIMS

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The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park Proposed Management Plan, Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DNRE) ( 1992), identifies the principal goals for management of the proposed Bunurong Coastal Park to conserve natural resources and to

allow for appropriate recreation, education and scientific research.

Broad management objectives have been developed for the Cape Paterson Foreshore

These objectives are:

Encourage enjoyment, appreciation and understanding of the natural and cultural resources and recreational values of the Park by appropriate liaison,

interpretation and education Upgrade access tracks, incorporating viewing points. Protect and conserve marine and coastal systems to ensure their long-term viability. Protect and conserve flora and fauna and ensure the maintenance of genetic diversity. Allow natural ecological and environmental processes to continue. Protect depleted, threatened, rare, endangered, restricted or significant species populations and the critical habitats. Protect and conserve sites or features of geological, archaeological, historical �����-

Provide for a range of recreational activities where this is compatible with other objectives. Encourage participation of the community in the management and care of the

Park. Seek to prevent, or minimise the effects of, any adverse impact on the Park arising from external sources. Undertake and encourage survey, monitoring and research that add to existing knowledge about the Park's natural or cultural resources and the environmental effects of human activities. Allow sustainable resource uses only where they are not in conflict with other objectives and are consistent with government policy. Take reasonable measures to ensure safety and health risks are minimised.

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1.8 PRIMARY MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES

(As outlined in the PMPBM&CP, 1992)

1.8.1 Terrestrial Flora

To conserve and rehabilitate indigenous flora with emphasis on the conservation of areas with particular botanical or wildlife habitat value.

To protect the viability of a range of indigenous plant communities and species.

To designate management areas and set aside an area(s) so that natural processes can continue with minimal human interference.

To encourage, assist or undertake survey, monitoring and research programs that add to the existing knowledge of the flora and the effects of human activities.

To minimise the impact of humans and their activities on the flora.

To create an environmental and visual buffer between the Marine Park and adjacent freehold land.

To control, where possible, environmental weeds which may significantly alter the natural vegetation communities.

1.8.2 Terrestrial Fauna

To protect and conserve indigenous fauna.

To maintain or enhance the habitat in the area for indigenous fauna.

To protect species of special biological interest and significant species.

To minimise the impact of humans and their activities on fauna.

To promote, assist or undertake survey, monitoring and research that adds to the existing knowledge of the fauna and the effects of human activities.

1.8.3 Physical Resources

To protect sites of geological and geomorphologic significance.

To allow natural geomorphologic and hydrological processes to continue without undue interference.

To promote and assist research on geology, geomorphology and hydrology.

To consider and minimise, where possible, effects of predicted sea level rises resulting from global warming caused by the greenhouse effect.

1.8.4 Landscape

To protect or enhance landscape diversity and scenic quality.

To minimise the visual impact of management activities, especially in or adjacent to the Sanctuary Zone.

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To provide standardised design guidelines within Bunurong to minimise the negative impacts of buildings, structures and facilities on landscape values.

To seek to minimise the impact of development or changes in land use on adjacent freehold land on the landscape values in Bunurong.

1.8.5 Cultural Resources

To preserve and protect sites and features ofKoorie and historical interest.

To encourage survey and research into the Koorie and European history ofBunurong.

To provide interpretive and educational information on Koorie and early European history.

1.8.6 Recreation

To provide for a range of recreational uses which are compatible with the conservation objectives of the Park.

To resolve conflicts between user groups and separate incompatible activities or assign priority to coastal-dependent activities.

To limit resource utilisation to levels that are sustainable.

To monitor visitor use and the impact of recreational activities.

To provide information and interpretation to the public on a range ofrecreational pursuits.

To provide for and encourage safe recreational opportunities.

To ban use of jet skis in waters adjacent to the Park.

1.8.7 Visitor Management

To provide visitor facilities which minimise impacts on natural values and which are consistent with responsible environmental practices.

To provide for and encourage visitor safety.

To encourage higher visitor usage in environmentally less sensitive areas.

To control or limit access to sensitive habitats or sites as appropriate.

1.8.8 Commercial Activities and Other Uses

To prohibit further development of facilities or structures in Bunurong for non­management purposes, except in the Intensive Recreation management area.

To minimise the impact of activities on natural resources and Park users.

To allow appropriate coastal development, facilities and activities in the Intensive Recreation management area which demonstrate environmental and landscape sensitivity, and which are consistent with the objectives of the Park.

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1.8.9 Adjacent Land Use

To minimise the effects of activities on adjacent land on the natural values of the Park

To clearly define the Park boundaries for management of both Crown and freehold land.

To encourage landowners to use land management techniques that minimise impacts on the natural values of the Park.

To prevent encroachments onto and unauthorised uses of the Park by adjoining landowners.

To ensure consistency of management between Bunurong and adjacent reserves.

1.8.10 Public Information and Education

To inform the public of the natural and cultural resources ofBunurong and provide interpretation through the use of publications, signs and community education programs.

To provide information to visitors on facilities, permitted activities, regulations and hazards.

To encourage the appropriate use of the Park.

To encourage public involvement in the planning and management of the Park.

To provide educational materials and programs for schools, community groups and the public.

1.8.11 Research and Monitoring

To encourage research which will enhance our knowledge of environmental resources and processes.

To conduct and promote scientific surveys which contribute to baseline information on the Park's resources.

To undertake or facilitate monitoring programs which assess environmental conditions and the impact of humans and their activities in the different management zones.

To incorporate the results of research, survey and monitoring programs into future management of the park.

To provide opportunities for volunteers to assist in survey and monitoring programs.

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SECTION 2 RESOURCE CONSERVATION

2.1 NATIVE VEGETATION MANAGEMENT

2.1.1 Background

The Foreshore Reserve supports a diverse range of coastal vegetation communities (Map 6) reflecting the range of habitats resulting from differences in exposure to environmentalconditions.

The Foreshore Reserve includes important remnants of coastal and dune vegetation which would have extended further inland before European activity in the area.

The once dominant heathland Community of this area is now restricted to remnant patches. Dune systems that were originally stable with indigenous grass communities have experienced destabilisation through grazing and reestablished through the introduction of marram and other exotic grass. Other coastal vegetation communities such as; Heathlands, Coastal Tea-tree Communities, Coastal Shrub Land Communities, Banksia Communities and Coastal Woodland Communities and their associated under stories are represented in this area. In some situations heathland Communities have successfully achieved alternative vegetation communities and other areas of heathland are being invaded by alternative species.

Since European settlement most of the indigenous coastal plant communities at Cape Paterson have been substantially modified by fire, grazing, trampling, clearing and invasion by non-indigenous species.

2.1.2 Major Vegetation Communities

The main plant communities have been identified in the Foreshore Reserve and are summarised in Appendix 1 and shown on Map 6.

A current species list for the Foreshore Reserve has been compiled by Sherry Collins and attached in Appendix 2.

2.1.3 Sites of Special Botanical Significance

The significance of the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve is recognised through the registration of this area in the National Estate by the Australian Heritage Commission, and by inclusion within the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park.

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2.1.4

(i)

Issues:

The continuing loss of heathland vegetation, lack of control/eradication of weeds and continued instability of the dune system are the main issues. Contributing factors for these conditions continue occur are:

Heathland vegetation loss • invasion by non-heathland species• trampling of vegetation through uncontrolled access• coastal erosion• grazing by rabbits.Weed invasion• lack of weed containment and removal• lack of removal of weed seed sourceContinued instability of the dune system• loss of indiginous vegetation that binds the sand and soils• uncontrolled public access on some primay dunes and cliff faces• control of grazing by rabbits• alteration to natural water flow patterns.

(ii) Appropriate methods for revegetation and conservation should be utilised toachieve maximum benefit of effort and resources.

2.1.5 Management

General The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park, Proposed Management Plan (1992) identifies a number of strategies relevant to the management of (A-B):

2.1.5.1 Ecological burn management area (pp. 13) The information relating to ecological bum management has since been reconsidered in light of the information being gained through the study being carried out at Wilson Promontory National Park, 'Effects of fire on growth and species diversity of heathland at Wilson Promontory National Park, Victoria: implications for management.' (1996)

The information in the following table is based on information in draft form of 'Effects of fire on growth and species diversity of heathland at Wilson Promontory National Park, Victoria: implications for management.' (1996)

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Uninvaded

Management

Burn on a 20- year frequency with intense invading species removal in the first five years after a burn.

Fire risk

Moderate, combine walking tracks and fire breaks

Moderately invaded Remove invading species manually Moderate, combine walking tracks and fire breaks

Heavily invaded Allow the successive establishment of coastal tea tree communities and control environmental weeds.

High, intense fire breaks to be put in place

2.1.5.2 •

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2.1.5.3

Vegetation rehabilitation

Prepare prescriptions for the conservation of vegetation, and for rehabilitation or regeneration, prior to undertaking management works.

Encourage natural regeneration of native species in rehabilitation programs, for instance undertaking works on a seasonally pre-determined basis. Supplement as necessary with indigenous species by tube stock grown from local provenance seed, cuttings or other plant propagates. Weeds should be removed prior to initiating revegetation works and an ongoing program of weed control undertaken until the indigenous species have become established. Coast Tea-tree should not be used in revegetation or screening works in the Bunurong as this species has the potential to become virtually a monoculture in many areas of the Foreshore Reserve. The relative vigor of this species may have been increased by the reduced vigor of other indigenous species caused by activities such as grazing, clearing and spreading of weed species, and by reduced frequency of frre which may have previously partially controlled the spread of Coast Tea-tree. Due to the small area of remnant vegetation, other species and communities may become locally extinct if Coast Tea:tree is allowed or encouraged to spread unchecked.

Site Specific, Toe BCSC has developed the strategies listed in Table 1; Pla, Plb, Plc, Pld, Ple, Plf, P2a, P2b, P2c, P3a, P3b, P3c,P3f, P3g, P3h, P4a, P4b, for the conservation/revegetation of the Foreshore Reserve. The areas are identified on Maps 1-4. Management techniques will require continual up-dating with the development of new methods of control.

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2.2 NATIVE WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT

2.2.1 Background

The following summary of fauna resources is derived mainly from the D.C.&E. (1992), unless otherwise indicated.

Cape Paterson foreshore provides a narrow strip of mostly indigenous vegetation and habitat for fauna in the area. All species records are from direct observation as no survey program involving trapping has been carried out. Two significant land-based mammals have been recorded in the Bunurong. One is the Swamp Antechinus (Antechinus minimus) which is listed as vulnerable in Victoria and which inhabits wet heath, grassland and sedge communities. This species is known to occur from a road kill found between Cape Paterson and Inverloch. The second species is the Common Bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii) which is listed because of its colonial breeding and roosting habits. The Common Bent-wing Bat roost in the coastal caves along the foreshore. Other mammals .known to occur are the Common Wombat (Vombutas ursinus ), Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) and Swamp Wallaby (Wallaby bicolor).

A diversity of birds, reptiles and invertebrates also occur within the Cape Paterson foreshore. These animals are important to the ecology of this area, and a formal survey of species presence is required.

Introduced species in the area include dog, cat, rabbit, fox and many species of birds. The rabbit causes erosion problems and changes in vegetation composition because of its food and habitat preferences, dogs, cats and foxes cause environmental problems by directly killing native fauna. Introduced birds may successfully compete with native birds for both habitat and food sources, thus indirectly reducing the numbers of some native birds and other fauna.

The survival of native wildlife is dependent on the conservation of suitable habitat areas with the deterioration of habitat affecting the survival of wildlife. As well as the loss of habitat areas wildlife cart also be threatened by introduced animals, visitor use, vehicle traffic and residential development.

The Cape Peterson Foreshore Reserve is a natural link between the conservation areas to the east and west and should be protected and enhanced.

2.2.2 Issues:

(i) Activities which involve the removal or loss of habitat directly affect the survival ofwildlife. (See Section 2.1, Native Vegetation).

(ii) Predation by dogs and cats is a particular problem for the native fauna of CapePaterson foreshore as it is situated adjacent to the township. Feral animals would alsohave a high impact on the native fauna of this area. (See Section 3.3, Pest Animals)

(iii) The pressure of visitor use, especially uncontrolled access, can also threaten species.

2.2.3 Management

(i) Through the correct management of vegetation and vermin, wildlife management willbe achieved.

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(i) Prohibit disturbance or removal of rock, sand, soil, stone or other materialunless authorised for management purposes or research under permit.

(ii) Prohibit new structures in Bunurong for the disposal of waste substances,including residential stormwater and sewage.

(iii) Establishment and regular inspection of signs, railings, viewing platforms etc.

2.4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES

2.4.1 Background

The following information is taken from the 'Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park, Proposed Management Plan.' (1992), and from information supplied by 'Aboriginal Affairs Victoria', 1997.

The Koorie tribe known as the Bunurong occupied land from the Werribee River, west of Melbourne, a narrow coastal strip along the Momington Peninsula, and all of the Westernport catchment as far as the Tarwin River. The Bunurong tribe consisted of smaller bands or clans, comprised of perhaps 20-40 individuals, which were usually an extended family and made the basic economic unit. Five clans of the Bunurong have been identified with particular areas ofBunurong territory.

The Yawenjerre clan's traditionally tribal area included that of the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park. This clan was not only associated with others of the Bunurong tribe and other tribes of the Kulin, but also with the Kumai. The Kumai lived to the east in South Gippsland and spoke a completely different language to the Bunurong people, the two tribes usually being on unfriendly terms. The Yowenjerre clan, however, are believed to have had some trading and friendly relations, including inter-tribal marriages, with two tribes of the Kumai, the Jatowarawara, to the south-east across the Tarwin River, and the Braiakaulung to the north-east.

The Yowenjerre lived, like almost all Aborigines, by hunting and gathering, frequently moving to harvest seasonally abundant resources. Inland camp sites in the Y owenjerre area are believed to have been uncommon. The scarcity of inland camps suggests that the Yowenjerre may have used these sites only during periodical walkabouts or as places of refuge.

Aboriginal Affairs Victoria holds records for two Aboriginal archaeological sites (Aboriginal Affairs Victoria 8020/22 and 8022/23) in the vicinity of the Cape Paterson Foreshore area, both of which are shell middens. At the time the site 8020/22 was recorded in 1976, cultural material was intermittently exposed across an area of approximately 250m x 50m, and site 8020/23 also had cultural material intermittently exposed in patches up to 15m wide. It should be emphasised that the dynamic nature of the coastal environment dictates the extent of Aboriginal cultural material exposed at the time of survey. It is therefore likely that the distribution of cultural material visible at the above sites would have changed since first recorded over 20 years ago and that further archaeological material may have become exposed in this area and at Cape Paterson generally.

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(ii) Education of adjoining residents.

2.3 GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY

2.3.1 Background

The following summary of geological and geomorphologic processes is derived mainly from Bird (1977), unless otherwise indicated.

The Cape Paterson foreshore consist of two major lithic materials. The oldest is Cretaceous sandstone and shale, from the First Surf Beach to the eastern end of the area of management, which was deposited between 95-120 million years ago. In areas exposed Cretaceous rocks have formed steep, high headlands and cliffs, with little vegetation covering the rock faces. In the lee of headlands, small sandy beaches occur, with the adjacent bluffs being less steep and usually completely vegetated to the high tide mark.

The area from the First Surf Beach to the western end of the area of management is composed of the more recent Quaternary deposits which are dominated by calcareous sands, which was deposited 1.5 million to 15,000 years ago. The combination of vigorous wind and wave action combined with the effects of grazing, clearing and trampling of vegetation has resulted in lateral transgressions to arise in the dunes of the Second Surf Beach. The dunes are now stabilised through the establishment of indigenous and non-indigenous plant species (see Section 3.1, Coastal Erosion).

The soils at Cape Paterson are mainly sandy podsols, which are strongly acidic, and calcareous dune soils. Both soils have organic staining in the upper horizons and are prone to erosion. An iron humus layer, commonly referred to as coffee-rock, occurs at depths of 30-60 cm and may impede drainage, causing seasonal water logging. Black coal, which is uncommon in Victoria, occurs throughout the area and was first discovered in the region in 182 7. A deposit at Cape Paterson was extracted between 1845 and 1887.

The intertidal rock platforms at Cape Paterson have arisen as a result of the normal weathering and erosion processes affecting coastal sediment formations, including wind, waves, wetting and drying, salt crystallizing, sea water solution, rainfall and runoff. These processes mainly operate above low tide level and are inhibited below specific intertidal levels thus accounting for the almost horizontal shore platforms at Cape Paterson.

2.3.2

(i)

(ii)

Issues

The significant features of the lithic materials and the extended subtidal rock platforms are a valuable resource for education, scientific study and for tourism. They are presently underutilised for these purposes.

Providing and maintaining reasonable access to sites likely to be of public interest presents some difficulties along the steep, high headlands and cliffs.

(iii) Risk management of cliffs2.3.3 Management

General

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2.5 EUROPEAN HISTORY

2.51 Background

George Smythe surveyed from Cape Paterson to Cape Liptrap in the years 1841-1856. A later survey of the area was undertaken by Navigation Lieutenant Stanly, assisted by Messrs McKeugh and Norgate (Malone 1932).

Wreckage of the Levan Lass, a wooden sailing boat lost in 1853, has been found at Cape Paterson. The Templar Lass, also a wooden sailing boat which was lost in 1890, may also be in the vicinity of Cape Paterson.

In 1804 Lieutenants Robbins and Oxley were sent to Westernport but these officers reported that the area was unsuitable for settlement. A military settlement was established at Settlement Point, near Corinella, in 1826 but was abandoned in 1828. Hovell, who accompanied this party, traveled overland in 1827 from Settlement Point as far east as Shallow Inlet (possibly Anderson Inlet), naming Cape Paterson. He found coal seams at Cape Paterson and reported that 'I am induced to believe that about 15,000 to 20,000 acres of tolerably fair land could be chosen, but the scarcity of water is so great at times ... we could barely get as much as was required for our own use' (Malone 1932).

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Between 1909 and 1968 coal extraction initiated the foundation of neighboring Wonthaggi township. The first house/shack was built at Cape Paterson in the foreshore of the Bay Beach area by the Legge family, after having cut a trail from Wonthaggi through the heathlands to this sheltered site. Horse and cart were the main form of transport and this scenic area rapidly became the home of many mining families.

2.5.1

(i)

Issues:

Historic sites are important in the understanding of the development of Cape Paterson.

(ii) Historic relics should be assessed to ensure that representative examples arepreserved.

2.5.3 Management of Sites

General:

(i) (ii)

(iii)

A record of sites of significance and sites of interest should be establish. Interpretive records of site histories for areas of significance or interest should be developed. Efforts should be made to preserve sites identified as significant or of interest.

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The coast between Cape Paterson and Kilcunda was surveyed between 1985 and 1987 as part of a field training session for archaeology students at La Trobe University. This survey did not locate any additional Aboriginal archaeological sites within the Cape Paterson Foreshore area. Finds in surrounding areas suggests that the area immediately behind the for dunes are significant. Such areas should therefore be treated as archaeological sensitive.

2.4.2 Issues

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

2.4.3

(i)

(ii)

It is important that archaeological sites are protected from threatening processes such as: erosion, public access to beach areas, collectors, trampling, development of visitor facilities, and also some forms of weed control works e.g. removal of undesirable trees using heavy machinery ..

The foreshore area, particularly the areas immediately behind the fore dunes, is archaeological sensitive.

Information relating to the Aboriginal cultural heritage values of the Cape Paterson Foreshore area (and Cape Paterson area) is some what outdated, and requires further archaeological investigation to up date the information.

Management

Any proposals for development, including recreational facilities, should be referred to Aboriginal Affairs Victoria and the local Aboriginal community for comment. Such proposals should be referred prior to making any final decisions about site suitability, and it should be noted that the services of a qualified archaeologist may be required.

A summary of previous archaeological work undertaken in the general locality, including reference to site predictive models, expected site types as well as past and present Aboriginal associations ( ethno history, contemporary interests). This information should be collated by a qualified archaeologist.

(iii) Further archaeological investigation should be undertaken.

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2. 6 LANDSCAPE

2.6.1 Background

The Cape Paterson foreshore offers a range of natural landscape encompassing rocky cliffs, sandy beaches, extensive rock platforms, a waterfall, caves, diverse vegetation communities and spectacular view points.

In an area where extensive clearing ofland for grazing and wood products has occurred in the past, the remnant vegetation and spectacular coastline at Cape Paterson enhance the natural attraction of the foreshore. The physical configuration of the Cape Paterson foreshore provides a natural screen from the adjacent township, facilitating the unique opportunity for residence to enjoy a remote experience. It is this experience that draws many tourists to Cape Paterson where they can enjoy the comforts of civilization and experience of the bush.

2.6.2 Issues

The landscape character of the foreshore can be easily degraded by developments which are intrusive because of their location, design, size, car parking, toilets, raised walkways, viewing platforms etc.

Clearing of vegetation and development on areas adjacent to the foreshore can also have an impact on the landscape. This can include houses, commercial developments, and other buildings or facilities.

2.6.3 Management

General

(i) To minimise the impact on the coastal landscape, only structures which dependupon a coastal location for their function should be constructed on theforeshore. Wherever possible, structures should be situated inland.

(ii) The design and sighting principles developed for the Landscape Strategy Planand the Sighting and Design Guidelines for Small Structures on the Coastshould apply to new toilets and other buildings. It is recognised that theLandscape Strategy Plan focuses on private developments but that theprinciples of appropriate sighting, color, materials and landscaping aroundstructures are also applicable to any Shire developments on the foreshore.

(iiii) Applications for development of private land adjacent to the foreshore willtake into account the need to protect landscape values on the foreshore and willbe in accordance with the Shire's Landscape Strategy Plan. This will includedesign and sighting controls to minimise the impact of developments and willconsider the size, color and materials used in construction and the sighting ofdevelopments.

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(v) The Shire will comment on development proposals by other authorities whichmay have an impact on the landscape quality of the foreshore (see 3.5Adjacent Land Uses).

(iv) An assessment will be made of existing facilities on the Foreshore and wherenecessary works to improve the amenity will by undertaken.

(vi) Sites will be assessed for the develop of viewing platforms enhance sight­seeing opportunities and reduce cliff risk (see 4.9 Scenic Lookouts).

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SECTION 3 FORESHORE PROTECTION

3.1 COASTAL EROSION

3.1.1 Background

Coastal erosion is a natural continual process which has contributed to the landscape of Cape Paterson. In some areas it has been accelerated by the activities of humans. It becomes a problem when it threatens structures, property, valued habitat, landscape features and public access.

Erosion problems of the Cape Paterson foreshore can be categorized as; erosion of the primary and secondary dune system principally to wind and wave action, erosion of the lithic material of the Cretaceous headlands and cliffs due to wind, ocean spray/splay, surface water run-off and traffic; erosion of access trails due to water run-off and traffic, and erosion of the creek banks due to water run-off (See; Vegetation Management 2.1 & 3.2, Walking Tracks and Pedestrian Access 4.8).

In 1970's the destabilisation and retreat of the primary and secondary dunes of the Second Surf Beach threatened to eliminate the sandy headland between the Second and First surf beaches and encroach upon the Cape Paterson township. The impact of grazing and human traffic in this area had resulted in the de-stabilisation and the acceleration of erosion in this area. Extensive Marram grass (Arnmophila arenaria) plantings and elimination of stocking in this area was undertaken to stabilise this area.

3.1.2 Issues

(i) Preference to the use of indigenous plant species as a tool for erosion controlrather than the exotic species e.g. Marram grass (Ammophila arenaria).

(ii) Erosion control structures may not act as control measures and may accelerateerosion or present new erosion problems.

(iii) Many human activities can accelerate the rate of erosion and protection of anarea and sometimes requires control by restricting human activities. Therestriction of human access may be controversial.

(iv) The establishment of monitoring systems to enable sound managementdecisions would be beneficial.

3.1.3 Management

General:

The Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park, Proposed Management Plan (1992) identifies the following strategy.

Erosion of sand dunes

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• Soil and sand stabilisation east of Cape Paterson may only use indigenous species oflocal provenance.

• Stabilisation of sand dunes between Cape Paterson and Coal Point should

preferentially use Hairy Spinifex (Spinifex hirsuts) during the early stages of erosioncaused by human and animal impacts. Marram grass (Ammophila arenaria) may beused where severe and threatening erosion occurs. Both primary stabilisers should beseeded initially with secondary stabilisers.

Site/Area Specific:

Refer to Table 1, all priority allocations of Table One address control of erosion.

3.2 PEST PLANTS

3.2.1 Background

Areas of the Foreshore Reserve are heavily infested with pest plants which threaten native plant communities and provide habitat for vermin. The shire has produced' A Spotter's Guide to Weeds of Bass Coast' which identifies some of the Foreshore Reserve's weeds.

Many of the pest plants that have infested the Foreshore Reserve are garden plants which have either been deliberately planted, escaped from gardens or have been dumped on the foreshore. The spread of introduced plants can also occur through wind, water, animals, vehicles and visitors. Once the weeds have been introduced to an area their competitive nature enables them to become quickly established, without appropriate management techniques, displacement of native plants and fauna habitat results. The most significant pest plants are listed in Appendix 3.

3.2.2 Issues

(i) Mass removal of weeds from a large area can leave the area susceptible to theinfestation of alternative weed species and other degrading processes (i.e.erosion).

(ii) The eradication of well established weeds as present at Cape Paterson is ofhigh cost in terms of equipment required and labor expenditure and requireslong term follow up to be successful.

(iii) The continued introduction of weeds to an area prevents the total eliminationof weeds.

(iv) The setting of priorities for weed and target species is a major managementconcern.

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3.2.4 Management

General:

(i) Efforts will be made to prevent further infestations of introduced plants byliaison with adjacent landowners to provide information and advice on thehazard to the environment by planting/harboring pest species and methods oferadication.

(i) The Committee of Management will encourage and support the involvement ofcommunity and volunteer groups in weed control in conjunction withrevegetation programs.

(iii) The Committee of Management in conjunction with the local authorities willdirect landowners to remove pest plant species on their land in areas wherethere is considered a significant threat of infestation of the foreshore.

Site/ Area Specific:

Refer to Table 1; Pla, Pih, Pie, Pld, Pie, Plf, P2a, P2b, P2c, P3a, P3b, P3c,P3f, P3g, P3h, P4a, P4b.

3.3 PEST ANIMALS

3.3.1 Background

The major pest animals which threaten wildlife of the Cape Paterson foreshore are; the dog; cat and fox which are predators of small local animals and; introduced birds and rabbits directly compete with native animals for food, habitat and other resources. Pest animals are currently being monitored by the DNRE and the Shire, controls are currently being instigated.

3.3.2

(i)

Issues

The control of foxes and cats in the Foreshore Reserve, adjacent to the residential area, is inhibited due to the threat posed to domestic animals and humans particularly if poisoning and trapping is used.

(ii) The affect of pest animals should be monitored to determine impact to aid withdetermination of appropriate management strategies.

3.3.3 Management

(i) Removal of introduced plant species that act as habitats favorable to theharboring of introduced animals (i.e. blackberries and foxes).

(ii) The responsible authority will enforce the provision of the Companion AnimalAct.

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(iii) Inform and educate the public of the impact of domestic cats and dogs onwildlife to encourage responsible pet ownership.

(iv) The responsible authority will undertake regular patrols along the ForeshoreReserve adjacent to subdivisions in an effort to minimise the incidence ofroaming dogs and cats.

(v) Priorities for control programs for pest species will be given to areas wherepest animals are a threat to native species.

(vi) DNRE will continue to monitor vennin in this area, implementing ControlPrograms when required. Utilisation oflive trappings and active control(warren ripping and habitat removal) are utilised in this area to avoid controlon non-target species.

3.4 FIRE MANAGEMENT

3.4.1 Background

Under the Country Fire Authority Act the Committee of Management is required to maintain Foreshore Reserves so that they do not constitute a high fire risk. Current vegetation communities present within the Foreshore Reserve would suggest that the frequencies of fire within this area has decreased since European settlement.

The last major fire was in 19 * * in the area of Foreshore between the Illawong camping

area and the foreshore area adjacent to the Channel. Infrequent fuel reduction burning has caused fuel build-up and changes to the vegetation and wildfire is likely to be intense. The current control strategies include the: presence of: Surf Beach Road between the foreshore and major portion of the township, the linear nature of the reserve, presence of various vehicle access tracks, maintained fire breaks and on site fire station. Additional measures should also be investigated and put in place.

The use of fire as a tool for maintaing natural vegetation communities needs to be considered. The draft 'Effects of fire on growth and species diversity of the heathland at Wilson Promontory National Park, Victoria: implications for management'(Peter Attiwill 1996) makes recommendations on these issues and will be utilised as a guide when considering the management of heathland in this reserve. (See Section 2.1 Native Vegetation Management).

3.4.2 Issues

(i) There is concern amongst land owners that vegetation along the foreshore maybe a fire hazard to life and property.

(ii) To sustain the vigor, diversity and successional development of the reservesplant and animal communities by ecological burning should be consideredbased on current and future research.

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(iii) Protection of life and property far outweighs the protection of plant and animalcommunities. The viability of ecological burns needs to be stronglyscrutinised and the utilisation of alternative plant and animal managementstrategies should be utilised where ever possible.

3.4.3 Management

General:

(i) Fire restrictions will be adequately publicised and enforced.

(ii) The Committee of Management will liaise and co-operate with DNRE and theCounty Fire Authority and will participate in Regional and Municipal FirePrevention Committees and CF A group and brigade meetings.

(iii) Consideration will be given to undertaking controlled burning for ecologicalpurposes where appropriate.

Site Specific:

(i) Ecological burns, see Table 1 and vegetation management.

3.5 ADJACENT LAND USE

3.5.1 Background

There are three main categories ofland use adjacent to the Foreshore Reserve: residential, the Bunurong Coastal Park, (Parks Victoria managed), and the Bunurong Conservation Zone (Parks Victoria managed) as well as the commercial caravan park within the Foreshore Reserve (Committee of Management).

Residential land use is the predominate terrestrial land use category for the Foreshore Reserve accounting for most of the northern area of the parks boundary, with the eastern and western margins of the reserve adjoin the Parks Victoria managed continuations of the Bunurong Coastal Park.

Problems associated with the existing and residential developments include water pollution via run-off and sewage, pest animals source, pest plants source and dumping of rubbish.

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3.5.2 Issues

(i) The development of informal walking tracks by camper, visitor and residentusers contribute to the degradation of vegetation communities and accelerateerosion of tracks and cliffs.

(ii) Introduction of plant material and seeds provides a continuing source of newintroduced species and re-introduction of species currently being controlled.

(iii) Uncontrolled dog and cat activities threaten native wildlife.

(iv) Water run-off from adjacent areas can contribute to accelerated erosion,deposits of litter, contamination of water bodies, additional saturation of soilsimpacting on vegetation communities and wildlife, and unsightly drainageoutlets along the beach front.

(v) Inappropriate development on adjacent lands can detract from the aestheticsand wilderness experience values of the reserve.

3.5.3 Management

General:

(i) The Committee of Management will encourage and support community groupsand landowners wishing to be involved in revegetation and weed controlprograms.

(ii) The Committee of Management will liaise with adjoining landowners withparticular emphasis on protection of native vegetation, control of weeds.

(iii) The Committee of Management will implement interpretive material toincrease public awareness and responsibility within the reserve.

(iv) The Committee of Management will enforce dog regulations.

(v) The Committee of Management will liaise with DNRE to ensure a co­operative approach to management of the foreshore area.

(vi) The Committee of Management will provide comment on any proposeddevelopment by other authorities which may have an impact on the foreshore.

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3.6 REGULATIONS AND RESTRICTIONS

3.6.1 Background

The BCSC was appointed the management authority for the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve by the Minister for DNRE under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978.

Table 2: Uses/Regulations of the Cape Paterson Foreshore (Modified from the PMP­BM&CP, 1992).

ACTIVITY Conditions of used

Recreation

Walking and relaxing Camping Picnicking Assailing Hand gliding and model planning Dogs Horse riding Seaweed collection Collection of non-living shells

Education and research

Education excursions ( observational) Research and authorised collection

Commercial

Mining and exploration Buildings, structures

Other

Depositing rubbish Carrying firearms Camp fires Removal of rocks, sand etc. Cars, motor bikes and trailers Collection of any other living flora and fauna Collection of any other dead flora and fauna

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Yes No

Yes No

No

Restrict No

Permit Restrict

Permit Permit

No

Restrict

No

No

No

No

Restrict No

No

Outlined in Table 3.

1 2

3

4 5

6

7

8

2

9

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Table 3: Uses - Conditions

1 The public has complete access to the water, beach (i.e. non-vegetated area) and rock platforms but must keep to defined paths and other access or public areas in the Terrestrial Zone.

2 Permitted only in the Cape Paterson caravan and camping grounds (Intensive Recreation management area).

3 Permitted on the following conditions: in cars throughout the park; between Second Surf and the eastern boundary. Dogs not in water must be on a leash and confined to access paths, car parks and the beach (i.e. non-vegetated area). Dog excrement must be removed. Dogs creating a nuisance may be removed by authorised staff.

4 Permit required for non-commercial collection of a maximum of lm cubed from Cape Paterson. Cars and trailers not permitted on beaches. Amenity clearing permit required by management authorities.

5 One litre container maximum per group per day.

6 A permit is required per visit to any one in the Park. Collection requires a separate permit.

7 Annual permit required.

8 Buildings and non-management structures allowed only in the Intensive Recreation management area. All buildings, structures, leases and concessions require BCSC and DNRE approval.

9 Permitted only in designated car parking and access routes. Cars with trailers may access the boat ramps and adjacent beach only when on and off loading boats.

3.6.2 Issues

(i) People may misuse the foreshore if they are not informed in the proper use ofthe foreshore.

(iii) If the penalties for non-adherence to regulations are low, then they will not actas an effective deterrent.

3.6.3 Management

(i) The Relevant Authority will enforce the provisions of the ForeshoreRegulations, Local Laws and all other regulations relevant to its managementof the foreshore.

(ii) The responsible authority will undertake regular patrols along the fores4orearea to minimise incidence of roaming dogs and cats.

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(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Information on the Foreshore Regulations relevant to the registration and control of domestic animals, permit requirements for activities on the foreshore, fire restrictions and other relevant regulations/restrictions, should be included in rate notices and be readily available through the Civic Center and other appropriate outlets.

The Committee of Management will seek to amend the Regulations to enable Council local-law Officers to apply "on-the-spot" fines for offenses where appropriate and will investigate the need to increase fines.

Committee of Management will liase with Natural Resources and Environment to direct land owners to remove pest plants and species from their land in areas considered to be a significant problem.

(vi) The Regulations will be reviewed every five years.

(v) The Committee of Management will develop 'pictorial' foreshore regulationsinge to replace and improve the current singe.

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SECTION 4 VISITOR USE

PART A TOURISM

4.1 TOURISM

4.1.1 Background

Cape Paterson attracts large numbers of visitors from; surrounding towns and communities, residents of the Gippsland Valley area and Melbourne. Most of the recreational activities pursued in Bunurong are marine-related. The most common activity is observational rock pooling, about 22 per cent of tourists visiting the rock platforms at some stage of their visit (Campbell et al. 1989). Other common activities include sunbathing and beach activities (20 per cent), swimming or surfing (18 per cent), and recreational angling (10 per cent). Although most visitors enjoy the scenery and views, only approximately 8 per cent specifically list this activity as one of the main reasons for their visit.

The Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve provides the only caravan/camping area within the Bunurong Marine and Coastal Park and this combined with visitors associated with the high proportion of holiday houses(> 50 %) results in a high influx of visitation to this area during the summer season and on weekends. A steady increase in cars and visitors to Bunurong has been recorded on the road connecting Cape Paterson to Inverloch in the past decade. In 1985 the Shire ofWoorayl recorded up to 4,000 cars per week in peak visitor periods and 2,300 cars per week in off-peak periods. In 1988, 1,600-2,400 cars per day were recorded in this area in summer (Campbell et al. 1989).

4.1.2 Issues

(i) The Foreshore Reserve is the main area of intense visitor usage within theBunurong. This has significant environmental impact, management in thisarea has to cater for visitor usage whilst maintaining the integrity of theenvironment.

(ii) Promotion of this area needs to focus on the natural environment of this area.

(iii) Education is required. By ensuring that visitors are familiar with theecological importance, and are educated of the appropriate activities,encouraging user responsibility could be achieved.

(iii) Cape Paterson's location and natural features lends the area to being a majorattraction to holiday makers from; Victoria, interstate and internationally.Cape Paterson is situated in a site linking it with other tourist center includingPhillip Island, Wilson's Promontory, Lakes Entrance and Mallacoota. Withthe appropriate promotional activities, Cape Paterson could become a majortourist attraction of Victoria.

• Would the Cape Paterson Foreshore cope with the associated pressures ofincreased visitation?

• Would increased visitation threaten the atmosphere that makes CapePaterson so attractive?

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4.1.3 Management

General:

(i) Tourism promotion should concentrate on the significance of the naturalenvironment of this area that has lead to the high conservation reservation ofthe Bunurong including the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve.

(ii) The Committee of Management e will liaise with bodies preparingpromotional material where appropriate.

(iii) Visitor facilities will be maintained in the appropriate manner.

(iv) An integrated and consistent sign program should be prepared by the Shire inconjunction with VicRoads, identifying Cape Paterson as an integrated part ofthe Bunurong and the BCSC.

(v) Access for disabled visitors will be provided where practical and where thefacilities will not effect the environment.

(vi) Information on the Cape Paterson Foreshore, including centers available,access and regulations will be readily available at the information centers atW onthaggi and Inverloch and other outlets and will be revised and updated asnecessary to provide accurate and appropriate information.

Site Specific:

(i)

4.2

Interpretation signs and information boards will be provided at specific locations. (See Section 4.2, Visitor Information and Education).

VISITOR INFORMATION AND EDUCATION

4.2.1 Background

The Cape Paterson Foreshore provides opportunities for environmental education and the promotion of the natural resources of the Bunurong.

Regular users of the foreshore area include local residents and school groups, owners of holiday houses, campers, Field Naturalist Clubs, Cape Paterson Surf Life Savers, Wonthaggi Royal Life Savers, South Gippsland Conservation Society, and South Gippsland Board Riders.

The Bunurong draft Management Plan recognised the importance of education in helping to protect the environment.

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4.2.2 Issues

(i) There is a need for education and the promotion of natural resourceconservation to protect the environment of the foreshore.

4.2.3 Management

General:

(i) The Committee of Management will develop interpretive documentation andsignage for the Foreshore Reserve.

(ii) Information of the Foreshore Reserve, including facilities available, access andregulations relevant to use of the foreshore will be readily available throughthe Wonthaggi and Inverloch information centers and other outlets.

(iii) Information will be updated and revised as necessary to provide accurate andappropriate information for visitors.

(iv) An integrated and consistent signs program should be prepared by the Shire inconjunction with VicRoads.

Specific

(i) Information boards and interpretive signs will be constructed at the followinglocations to provide information about the surrounding area and features ofinterest (see Map 6.):

Information boards:• Undertow Bay Observation Point• The Channel Beach• First Surf Beach• Boat Ramp

Interpretive signs:• Second Surf Beach• Undertow Bay Beach• The Channel Observation Point• Entrance of all access roads• Along the walking tracks for examples of various vegetation communities• Hazard signs in appropriate areas (i.e. cliff tops and bases where falling rock

may be a hazard, strong current, etc.)

(ii) Information sheets will be prepared for visitors on walking tracks along theforeshore.

(iii) Information sheets will be prepared on the native flora and fauna, geology andhistory.

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4.3 VISITOR FACILITIES AND SERVICES

4.3.l Background

The Cape Paterson Foreshore currently has many visitor facilities including; accommodation, public toilets, access paths and roads, car parking, a boat ramp and rubbish bins. High visitor usage has had significant environmental impact in this area and rationalisation of boundaries, uses, and management practices is necessary.

There are two Life Saving Clubs at Cape Paterson. The Royal Life Savers located at the Bay Beach and the Surf Life Savers located the First Surf Beach. The Surf Life Savers currently lease the area ofland where their club house is located. Both organisations compete well in state completion and provide a valuable public services to the residents and visitors to Cape Paterson.

Public utilities in the area include power and telephone lines, fire plugs, gas cylinders (servicing the camping areas) and stormwater and sewage outlets. Some of these services are both visually obtrusive and environmentally damaging and most were installed without real consideration of alternative locations, long-term environmental impact and maintenance requirements.

4.3.2 Issues

(i) Inappropriate location and design of service facilities can cause erosion,damage coastal vegetation and habitat and have an adverse impact ·onlandscape amenity which may adversely effect the experience of the visitor. Itcan also cause social conflicts in areas where there are competing recreationaldemands or overcrowding.

(ii) Poorly maintained facilities can detract from the 'experience' of visitors.

4.3.4

General:

(i)

Management

Allowances should be made for appropriate development, facilities and activities which demonstrate environmental and landscape sensitivity and which are consistent with the objectives of the reserve.

(ii) The local community will be informed and consulted about any majordevelopment.

(iii) Efforts should be made to reduce the visual impact of existing structures.

(iv) The protection of coastal vegetation, habitat and landscape amenity will havehigh priority in the sighting and design of new facilities. The design andsighting principles developed for the Landscape Strategy Plan and DesignGuidelines for Small Structures on the Coast will apply to new facilities (see2.6 Landscape).

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(v) Facilities should be maintained to a high standard and regular assessmentsshould be made of existing facilities on the foreshore, and where necessary,works to improve the amenities will be undertaken.

(vii) When developing new facilities, consideration will be given to incorporatingfeatures into the design which would improve access for visitors withdisabilities.

(viii) Information on facilities on the foreshore will be readily available.

Site/ Facilities Specific:

(i) Signs

An integrated and consistent signs program should be prepared by the Shire inconjunction with VicRoads. The signs program should incorporate a symbolor style which would be unique to the BCSC and would be identified byvisitors. Sign posting should indicate:

• Parking and no-standing area• Disabled parking (where provided)• Direction of parking area from main access road• Name of beach or foreshore area• Distance to beach if over 550m• Interpretive facilities (where applicable)• Restricted areas for revegetation, dune stabilising, wildlife habitat

etc.• Foreshore bylaws/regulations, preferably with symbols• The existing beach numbering system for emergencies with

identification beaches by number will be maintained and promoted.

Signs will be maintained/erected at the appropriate locations warning of the possible dangers to visitors. (See Section 4.2.3 and Map 6 for some locations).

(iv) Non-swinuµing areas designated and signed 30 meters either side of the boatramp. (See Map 6 for locations).

(v) Toilet facilities and change rooms will be provided at the Bay Beach and theFirst Surf Beach. External showers at the Bay Beach will be provided. (SeeMap 6 for locations).

(vi) Rubbish disposal facilities will be placed to allow for easy access by users andcollectors and will be provided at the major car park locations with over 20cars. They will be constructed to minimise vandalism and intrusion byanimals and to discourage use for domestic rubbish. (See Map 6 for locations).The s located on the Bay Beach sand area should be removed with appropriatebins being placed within the Bay Beach Park. 'Take Home' practices will beencouraged for litter through visitor education.

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4.4. CAMPING AND CARA VAN/NG

4.4.1 Background

Cape Paterson is a popular destination for holiday makers from South Gippsland, Gippsland and Melbourne. The three camping and caravaning areas (Illawong, Kywong and Orana) at Cape Paterson is a traditional activity for many visitors and one which offers low cost accommodation. These camp grounds are the only areas where camping is allowed within Bunurong. Camping outside this designated area is prohibited. (See Map 6 for locations).

These camping areas are subject to high seasonal use and quiet off season usage.

4.4.2 Issues

(i) Camping and caravaning is a popular activity on the Cape Paterson Foreshoreand the location of the camping ground is highly desirable to visitors, but is inconflict with government policy that only activities which rely on a coastallocation should be permitted on Foreshore Reserves.

(ii)

(iii)

The location of camping grounds on the foreshore can alienate areas of the beach from the general public.

Camping on the foreshore can result in erosion and damage to native vegetation.

(iv) Runoff and effluent disposal problems from camping grounds can pollute theforeshore and adjacent waters.

(v) Visitor facilities which require day-to-day servicing take time and money tomaintain and do not encourage visitors to assist in conserving the environmentthey are enjoying.

4.4.3 Management

General:

(i) Some of the camping sites on the Foreshore Reserve are located very close tothe beach and have an adverse impact on the landscape amenity of theforeshore and can be intrusive to other users of the beach. These sites will beremoved from the immediate beach environment (see Table 1, P2a & P2b).

(ii) No new camping or caravaning facilities will be permitted within theForeshore.

(iii) Camping and campfires will generally continue to be prohibited within theForeshore. The main beach area will be adequately signposted.

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PARTB RECREATION

4.5 SWIMMING/SURF/NG

18% of visitors regard swimming/surfing as the main reason for visits to the Bunurong (Campbell et al. 1989). The Foreshore Reserve offers a diversity of opportunities for swimming and surfing ranging from the vigorous Second Surf Beach to the calm protected waters of the Bay Beach. All of this coastline experiences severe rips at times particularly Undertow Bay, and man of these beaches regularly experience strong surf.

The major swimming areas are the Bay Beach and the First Surf Beach. The Wonthaggi Royal and Surf Life Saving Clubs are respectively located at these beaches and patrol areas during summer.

4.5.2 Issues

(i) The provision of toilets and changing facilities is desirable at popularswunmmg areas.

(ii) The maintenance and design of buildings needs to be of minimalenvironmental impact.

(iii) Swimmers and surfers need to be aware of ocean conditions and where 'safe'swimming areas are and where and when beaches are patrolled.

(iv) Users need to be aware of their impact on the environment Interpretivematerial will be placed to increase awareness and user responsibility.

Site Specific:

(i) Undertow Bay and the Second Surf Beach should be signposted to adviseswimmers of dangerous conditions.

(ii) Access to and information about areas providing opportunities for swimmingand surfing will be maintained or established where appropriate (see Section4.2, Visitor Information and Education).

(iii) Support for the two Life Saving Clubs needs to be provided to ensure theprovision of adequate life saving patrols.

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4.6 COMPANION DOGS

4.6.1 Background

A popular activity for visitors and residents along the foreshore is walking their dogs. The Shire enforces restrictions on the time of year that dogs are permitted. Current restrictions are enforced between first of December and the 30th of April. This information is conveyed to the public through on site signs and general Council information outlets.

Dogs are permitted on the following conditions; dogs not in water must be on a leash and confined to access paths, car parks and the beach (i.e. non-vegetated area). Dog excrement must be removed. Dogs creating a nuisance may be removed by authorised staff.

4.6.2 Issues

(i) Many visitors and residents value the companionship of their dogs highly andwalking dogs along the foreshore is an important recreational activity to them.

(ii) Domestic dogs can threaten wildlife on the foreshore.

(iii) Dogs can frighten or annoy other visitors to the foreshore. Dogs which are leftuncontrolled on the beach while owners are in the water are a particularproblem.

(iv) Gazetting of consistent restrictions through out the Bass Coast Shire Councilwould enable more effective promotion and enforcement.

4.6.4 Management

General:

(i) The Shire will enforce regulations requiring that all dogs over six months mustbe registered.

(ii) Dogs must be under control at all times, in accordance with the Dog Act 1970.

(iii) Guide dogs accompanying a blind person will be permitted in areas wheredogs are normally prohibited.

(iv) The local laws Officers will undertake regular patrols along the foreshore areasadjacent to subdivisions in an effort to minimise the incidence of roamingdogs.

(v) The Shire will prepare an information sheet on dog restrictions and theresponsibilities of dog owners.

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4.7 BOATING

4.7.1 Background

The Cape Paterson boat ramp is a foreshore ramp accessing the Bass Straight. The ramp experiences moderate utilisation, experiencing an average of 3 boats a day on days with

suitable conditions and a maximum recording of24 users during a single day during the 1996/97 summer season. The ramp is predominantly utilised by all year round by anglers from the local area. The majority of users of this ramp feel that the car parking at this site is adequate and well maintained and the conditions of the ramp limits use to high tide launches only. The winch located has been a valuable asset for users ofthis ramp. Launching and retrieval delays are experienced at this site during summer, the ramp meets demand during the winter months. The predominant users of this ramp are locals. Whilst their is a sign to the ramp from the Surf Beach road users felt that the sinage of the actual ramp and parking area could be improved (Bass Coast Shire Council, 1997).

4.7.2 Issues

(i) The ramp was never completed and currently launches onto a rock platformrather than into the deeper channels further out.

(ii) The extension of the ramp would be very costly.

(iii) The impact of completing the ramp conflicts with DNRE objectives of theBunurong Coastal Park.

4. 7 PLAY EQUIPMENT

4.7.1 Background

Their are currently two parks with play equipment located within the Foreshore Reserve. One is situated within the Bay Beach Parkland and the other is associated with the Illawong Caravan Park.

4.7.2 Issues

(i) The existing play equipment is inadequate and possible unsafe.

(ii) Play equipment in the Illawong Caravan Park area limits public use of this area,and is situated across the road from the Allan Birt Reserve with public toilets,B.B.Q. and facilities.

(iii) The play equipment requires appropriate planning and regular maintenance.

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4.7.3 Management/ Site Specific

(i)

(ii)

Continued maintenance and enhancement of the Bay Beach Parkland play equipment.

Relocation and redevelopment of the Illawong play equipment to the Allan Birt Park.

PART C ACCESS

4.8 VEHICLE ACCESS AND CAR PARKING

4.8.1 Background

Vehicle access throughout the Cape Paterson Foreshore with the exception of the Second Surf Beach access road is adequate with sealed access road and car parks located throughout. The Second Surf Beach remains an unsealed road and car park.

Four car parks exist in the Foreshore Reserve, these being located at the: Second Surf Beach, First Surf Beach, Boat Ramp and off the Surf Beach Road adjacent to the Bay Beach (see Map 6 for locations). An additional area of road side parking outside of our area of management is also located off the Cape Paterson/InverlochForeshore Road adjacent to Undertow Bay. These parking areas are adequate during the off-season, and generally cater for the increased usage during the summer season. With the majority of residence and overnight visitors being located within walking distance of the beach, car parking mainly caters for day visitors. The short duration where parking is inadequate in this area is not sufficient to warrant the extension of car parking areas and further encroachment on the vegetation communities surrounding them.

4.8.2 Issues

(i) It is essential that car parking areas are provided to allow visitor access to theforeshore and to protect the environment.

(ii) Badly designed and sighted roads and car parks can be expensive to maintain,can damage the environment and can be a safety hazard when they impedetraffic flow.

(iii) Uncontrolled access from car parks and roads can damage the coastalenvironment by destroying protective vegetation and causing erosion.

(iv) Where car parking areas are insufficient to meet demands, overflow of parkingonto nearby residential streets can have an adverse impact on residents.

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4.8.3 Management

(i) New car parks should not be developed within the Foreshore Reserve.

(ii) The Second Surf Beach car park and access road should be defined and sealed,with speed humps to deter unsafe driving in this area.

(iii) Existing access roads and car parks should be maintained.

(iv) Location of car parks should be identifiable from the Surf Beach Road.

(v) Access to the Surf Lifesaving Club, beyond the First Surf Beach car park to berestricted to management vehicles only.

(vi) Speed restrictions should be enforced within the Cape Paterson Foreshore.

4.9 WALKING TRACKS AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS

4.9.1 Background

Walking along the Foreshore Reserve is a popular activity all year round. The coastline offers a variety of experiences for walking, including; steep cliffs, sandy beaches, extended rock platforms, caves and a waterfall. Walking tracks are scattered along the Foreshore Reserve.

4.9.2 Issues

(i) It is important to provide a range of walking experiences. The appropriatelevel of development of walking tracks is an issue.

(ii) Inappropriate sighting and design of walking tracks and indiscriminate accessacross the foreshore can cause erosion, affect the habitat of wildlife and causeother damage to the environment. Fences can reduce landscape values.

(iii) Inappropriate use of walking tracks can present potential hazardous situations.

(iv) Walking tracks provide ideal sites for interpretive signs and information.

4.9.3 Management

(i) The sighting, design and maintenance of walking tracks and pedestrian accesswill aim to minimise the impact on the environment and will be in consultationwith DNRE and local residents.

(ii) The Committee of Management will monitor the condition of walking tracksand pedestrian access with the aim of maintaining an appropriate standard andto minimise impact on the environment.

(iii) Walking tracks will be appropriately signposted.

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4.10 SCENIC LOOKOUTS

4.10.1 Background

There are four scenic lookouts along the Foreshore Reserve, one being located at the Second Surf Beach, one at the First Surf Beach and two on the cliffs adjacent to the Channel. These lookouts offer a range of landscape settings and discourage pedestrians from trampling the fragile and unstable cliff edge.

The provision of specified scenic lookouts along the foreshore provides visitors with the opportunity to view the coastal landscape. Surfers and fishermen in particular use lookouts to ascertain local conditions. All the established lookouts within the Foreshore Reserve are minimum requirement facilities, consisting of viewing platforms which are incorporated into stairway access at some beaches.

4.10.2

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

4.10.3

(i)

(ii)

Issues

The current lookout are underdeveloped, causing cliff erosion and are a danger to users.

Scenic lookouts provide a focus for sightseeing and for interpretation oflocal conditions and should be accessible to a range of visitors.

It is important that scenic lookouts and any associated facilities are sensitively located and designed so that they do not have an adverse impact on the natural envirorunent and landscape quality.

Management

The development of scenic lookouts will be at locations where they are not intrusive on the surrounding landscape or other natural features and where suitable access can be provided. Such an assessment should be undertaken by persons with landscape expertise.

When developing stairways or other pedestrian access to the foreshore, consideration will be given to including viewpoints along the stairway or walking track.

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4.11 SAFETY ACCESS FOR VISITORS WITH DISABILITIES

4.11.1 Background

The Foreshore Reserve provides people with disabilities or mobility problems opportunities to enjoy the coastal enviromnent. The Boat Ramp·Beach is easily accessible by vehicle but there is scope to improve available access by providing specially designed tracks, ramps, and toilet facilities where appropriate. Information facilities will also enhance opportunities for disabled visitors.

Currently facilities are available at the First Surf Beach coastal lookout, though this access should be upgraded.

4.11.2 Issues

Opportunities for people with disabilities or limited mobility to enjoy the Foreshore Reserve areas of Cape Paterson are limited by the unavailability of suitable facilities and access.

4.11.3 Management

General:

(i) When developing any new visitor facilities, including access tracks, andviewing areas, consideration will be given to incorporating features into thedesign which would improve access for visitors with disabilities.

(ii) Interpretive material and publications should include information on siteswhere suitable access is available.

Site specific:

(i) Wheel chair access will be investigated at the First Surf Beach and The BayBeach.

PART D PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY

4.12 PUBLIC HEAL TH AND SAFETY

4.12.1 Background

There are a number of potential dangers and risks to people visiting the Fore shore Reserve. The ocean beaches fronting Bass Strait are well known for rugged surf and rips which can be dangerous. Other hazards which may occur include steep cliff faces, broken glass on beaches, drowning (in all sea conditions), and fire. Young children and others may also become lost and on occasions such as New Years Eve, accidents or injuries may occur where large numbers of people gather. There can also be public health issues associated with the use of the foreshore such as water quality and sewerage out-fall areas.

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Authorities can take measures to increase public safety to minimise the danger to visitors and public education and awareness can also reduce risks.

A number of authorities are involved in public safety on the foreshore. These include: the Police; State Emergency Service; Surf Life Savers; Bay Life Savers, DNRE; Country Fire Authority; and Council (Local Law Officers Officer).

The Bass Coast Shire Counter Municipal Emergency Management Plan (July 1996) aims to ensure an effective and coordinated response to any emergency. The Plan identifies possible threats to people and provides details on: contact; the emergency operations centers; evacuation centers; and combat authorities and support authorities. The Plan also incorporates a Medical, Health Welfare Plan which provides for the mobilisation and co­ordination of health and medical resources to counter the effect of a disaster or major accident.

4.12.2 Issues:

Some visitors to Cape Paterson undertake activities which may have inherent dangers or hazardous conditions.

4.12.3

General:

(i)

Management

A system of identifying beaches by number as well as name should be established and promoted to provide quick identification.

(ii) Interpretive material will include information on visitor safety. Standardisedsign symbols should be used (see section 4.2, Visitor information andeducation).

(iii) Roads and car parks should be designed to minimise congestion to allowunimpeded access by emergency vehicles.

(iv) Visitor facilities and access will be sighted and designed to minimise thepotential hazard to visitors.

(v) Local officers will regularly patrol the foreshore, particularly at times of highvisitor use.

(vi) Shire officers will maintain a close liaison with search and rescue groups.

(vii) Any permits for commercial operations and other users of the foreshore thatservice the public will include conditions to ensure safe practices.

(viii) Regular inspection assessing public risk should be carried out on a regularbasis.

Site Specific:

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(i) Signs will be erected and maintained at appropriate locations warning of thepossible dangers to visitors.

(ii) The patrolled areas of the First Surf Beach and the Bay Beach will bepromoted as the most suitable and safest beaches for surfing/swimming.

(iii) The Shire will support the Life Saving Clubs in the provision of adequatepatrols.

(iv) Walking trails and signs to some areas should be upgraded to improve visitoraccess and safety.

SECTION 5 AUTHORISED USES

5.1 COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

5.1.1 Background

Commercial activities refer to those businesses which offer recreational activities or instruction courses, or which sell or hire goods or services for profit or gain.

The intensive recreation management area of the Foreshore Reserve has been designated to allow commercial activities associated with camping and caravan accommodation to continue. In addition, other facilities may be considered to allow for high intensity visitor use. The camping area is located on Crown land but, due to the pressure and intensity of use, conservation values have been modified. There are many issues associated with the caravan park and surrounding areas which require resolution.

Concessional leases and permits, such as non-commercial seaweed harvesting, may be requested for.

All applications for licenses, leases and permits will require individual assessment and any service or activity which conflicts with the objectives of the park will not be permitted. All applicants will be required to demonstrate high environmental standards, and preferably, educational or service value. New and existing lease holders will be required to submit business plans.

Low intensity users such as guided bush walking and organized educational programs may require some control to ensure that the number of participants do not destroy what they are enjoying.

The n�rrow coastal strip is also used for a variety of public utilities including fire plugs, storm-water and sewerage lines, and phone cables. These facilities usually require only occasional maintenance which should be sensitively carried out in consultation with DNRE. Before being considered, any proposals for new facilities will need to

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demonstrate that they cannot be located elsewhere outside the Foreshore Reserve and if approved they will need to meet the same criteria as other lease and permit applications.

5.1.2 Issues

(i) Commercial activities on the Foreshore Reserve must be controlled to avoidconflict with other users and to protect the environment.

(ii)

5.1.3

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(vi)

Visitor safety is an important consideration when assessing permits for commercial activities on the Foreshore Reserve.

Management

A written permit from the Committee of Management will be required for all commercial activities on the Foreshore Reserve. Permits will specify the activity and equipment to be used; the area to be used; any seasonal or time restrictions on the activity; public liability insurance; conditions relevant to public safety and other conditions as appropriate.

A tender system will apply in areas where there is more than one operator seeking to use the same area or where only a restricted number of licenses in an area are to be granted.

Beach vendors will not be permitted on the foreshore.

The Committee of Management will monitor and control commercial activities to ensure that permit conditions are adhered to and to prevent any adverse environmental or social impact. Permits will be revoked if the operator does not comply with the permit conditions. It may be necessary to limit the number of operators.

No new permanent structures for commercial activities will be permitted to be constructed on the foreshore.

Commercial activities will be subject to the same regulations and restrictions as the general public.

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5.2 ORGANISED EVENTS

5.2.1 Background

The Foreshore Reserve has been used as the site for the staging of various events such as local surf board riding competitions and surf lifesaving. Other organised events which are non competitive may include events such as New Years Eve festival and events held in the Old Cape Paterson Hall in the Bay Beach Park.

5.2.2 Issues

(i) Organised events on the foreshore must be controlled to avoid/minimise theconflict with other users.

(ii) Organisers of any event should have public safety as a high priority forparticipants and other users of the foreshore.

(iii) Events must be assessed/organised to ensure protection of the foreshoreenvironment.

5.2.3 Management

(i) A written permit from the Committee of Management will be required for allevents (competitive and non-competitive) within the Foreshore Reserve.Permits will specify the activity, date and the time, duration, start/finish,equipment to be used, the area involved, safety precautions relevant to publicsafety and other conditions as appropriate. For example, a bond may berequired to cover repairs to the foreshore, collection of litter, removal of signsetc. after the event.

(ii) The Committee of Management will monitor events to ensure that permitconditions are adhered to and to prevent any adverse environmental or socialimpacts. Permits will be revoked if the organisers do not comply with thepermit conditions. It may be necessary to limit the number of events in highuse areas.

(iii) Event organisers will be subject to the same regulations and restrictions as thegeneral public.

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SECTION 6 MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION

6.1 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES/ OTHER ORGAN/SA TIONS

6.1.1 Background

The BCSC is the Committee of Management responsible for day to day management of Crown Land Foreshore Reserve at Cape Paterson. The Committee was appointed as the management authority by the Minister for DNRE under the Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978. Map 5 indicates the area along the foreshore managed by the Committee of Management.

The Department of Natural Resources is also responsible for management and enforcement programs of fisheries and wildlife sources and for the conservation of wildlife.

The Environment Protection Authority is the body responsible for control of pollution ..

The Minister for Transport is responsible for boating controls and standards (Marine Board) and for allocating funds for the development of boating facilities (State Boating Council).

6.1.2 Issues

(i) In 1985 an evaluation was undertaken of Victorian foreshore reservecommittees of management. This review concluded that committees ofmanagement generally are satisfactory means of managing coastal reserves butthat the level of funding and government support restricts their effectiveness.The review also found that rationalisation of the number of committees andtheir responsibilities was desirable (Western Port Bay Strategy 1991).

(ii)

(iii)

Management of the Foreshore Reserve is expensive, especially with regard to the areas of pest plants, erosion control works and litter prevention. Currently there is concern about the Shires ability to service the level of funding required to carry out essential works (see Section 9 Financial Resources).

The Victorian Coastal Council is currently undertaking a review of the management arrangements for coastal areas and the results, ·which are expected to effect this section of coastline is due out in late 1997

6.1.3 Management

(i) The Committee of Management will seek to implement the strategies out-linedin this document.

(ii) The Committee of Management will develop an annual maintenance programto ensure that all site specific works are maintained in an appropriate manner.

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(iii) The Committee of Management will review the site specific programs to ensurerelevance to current needs.

(iv) A public consultation process will be devised for all developments of theforeshore.

6.2 VOLUNTEER WORK/COMMUNITY GROUPS

6.2.1 Background

Cape Paterson has a number of community groups and there is diversity of groups involved in the management of the foreshore and/or make use of the Reserve. These include, Field Naturalist Clubs, Cape Paterson Surf Life Savers, Wonthaggi Royal Life Savers, South Gippsland Conservation Society, South Gippsland Board Riders and the Freinds of Wonthaggi Heathland Reserve.

Many of these groups are interested in being involved in ground management of the foreshore. This may involve work such as rubbish cleanups, walking track construction and maintenance, revegetation and weed control, surveys and monitoring and research projects. Members of the public out-side these groups have expressed interest in being involved in and establishment of 'Friends Of type groups active in weed control and revegetation works.

Educational institutions have also shown interest in being involved in the area because of its compact size with a variety of coastal forms and plant communities.

6.2.2 Issues

(i) Maintenance of the Foreshore Reserve is costly and labor intensive andvolunteer groups can provide valuable assistance in management of the area.

(ii) If the projects for volunteer groups are not properly planned and supervised,volunteer groups may not derive satisfaction and the works carried out may notbe consistent with the management objectives of the Foreshore Reserve or beundertaken in the appropriate manner.

(iii) The involvement of community groups in foreshore projects helps to createcommunity awareness and understanding about management of the foreshore.

(iv) The ongoing maintenance of volunteer group works must be considered whenconsidering the project.

6.2.3 Management

(i) The Committee of Management will encourage volunteers/community groupsto be involved in the care and management of the Foreshore. Whereverpossible, the work carried out by groups should be related to the aims andfunctions of the group.

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(ii) All volunteer projects will go through the normal planning and approvalprocess. Works will require a pennit and will adhere to management objectivesfor the Foreshore Reserve and Shire and DNRE regulations and guidelines.Groups should be involved as much as possible in the planning of projects theyare to be involved in.

(iii) The Committee of Management may supply tools and materials for projectshowever volunteers may use their own equipment.

(iv) An approved person will provide on ground supervision of volunteer work at alltimes and be responsible for the works carried out.

(v) Volunteer groups will not be granted any special privileges regarding use of theForeshore Reserve.

(vi) The Shire will clarify its legal responsibilities regarding public liability andinsurance and will ensure adequate coverage of volunteers.

SECTION 7 FINANCIAL RESOURCES

7. 1 Background

The BCSC as the Committee of Managem�nt has been providing most of the financial resources to manage the Foreshore Reserve for many years.

These financial resources have been augmented, to some extent, by limited State and Federal funds for specific capital works projects and indirectly through grants for such activities as beach cleaning.

The impact of intense weed invasion and erosion will require the Committee of Management to be allocating substantially greater financial resources.

The Foreshore Reserve is not only a significant natural resource and recreation resource for residents and holiday home owners, but also a major tourism resource. In order to maintain the amenity of this reserve and meet expectation of all users, it is expected that greater financial resources will be required.

7.1.2 Issues

(i) The Committee of Management has limited financial resources to apply toForeshore Management.

(ii) The State and Federal Govermnent provides insufficient financial resources tohelp manage and maintain the foreshore adequately given the state andnational significance of the foreshore.

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(iii) Users contribute little to financial resources to manage and maintain foreshorereserves.

7.1.3 Management

(i) The Committee of Management will liaise more closely with the various Stateand Federal Government Departments for financial subsidies and grants thatcould be applied to for the management of the Foreshore Reserve.

(ii) The Committee of Management will encourage and support volunteer laborworks.

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SECTION 8 IMPLEMENTATION OF PLAN

8.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN

The BCSC is the Committee of Management responsible for the day to day management of Crown Land Foreshore Reserve at Cape Paterson. Bass Coast Shire Council's 'Corporate Plan' 1996-1999 recognises the adoptions of the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve Management Plan as objective within its Environment Program.

The Cape Paterson Foreshore Management Plan and its implementation is the responsibility of the Chief Executive Officer who may delegate it to a particular officer or department which will be responsible for planning, designing, costing etc. of the recommended works and program.

The plan should be part of the overall Municipal Plan and a commitment should be made by Council to set funding levels for:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Maintenance programs for the foreshores and coastal assets.

The instigation of new programs and plans.

Inclusion of major capital works into the overall 5 year Capital Works Program.

The investigation of a process to ensure effective and relevant works and programs.

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Pl a Management Map 5

Pl b

Management Map 5

Table 1. Priority ratings and management options for the Cape Paterson Foreshore Reserve linked to maps as indicated.

btir!mly'to'Yisisifi/fi,

Vegetation commumt1es that have reached or are successively achieving climaxed status. These areas have some weed invasion.

Heathland with light weed invasion

Mait'i1Yeffli1if: ......

Year 1. Intensive woody weed removal utilising -Cut and paint or drill and fill (Round-up neat);

Woody weeds Mirror Bush Comprosma Repens Pittosporum Pine

Herbaceous English Ivy

Back-packspray Herbaceous

Round-up Black berry Asparagus fem Dolichos

Banville Thistles

Subsequent years.

Pittosporum repens Pinus radiata

Hedera helix

Rubus fruiticosis Mysiphyllum scandens Cipogon Iignosis

Various species

Back pack spray hitting any weed re-growth or new weed germanaents.

Option A: Clear fire break around this area leaving a strip ofH2 between the HI area and the car park as a screen to minimise visual impact of the burn. Autumn bum with intense seedling control in the following 5 years.

Option B: Manually remove invaders -Cut and paint,

neat Round-up; Coastal tea-tree Leptospermem laevigatum Coastal wattle Acacia sophorae

Intense seedling control in the following five years.

- - - - - - - - -

Pl c Management Map 5

Pl d Management Map 5

Ple Management Map 5 this is to contain the weed infestation. refer to P4b for the revegetation of this area.

Heathland with light invasion

Coastal shrub land

Fringe of high weed infestation area surrounding the creek.

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Manually remove invaders Cut and paint or drill and fill,

neat Round-up; Coastal tea-tree Leptospermem laevigatum Coastal wattle Acacia sophorae

Intense seedling control in the following five years.

Option A: Re-establishment of heathland. Manually remove invaders -

Cut and paint or drill and fill, neat Round-up;

Coastal tea-tree Leptospermetrt laevigatum Coastal wattle Acacia sophorae

Intense seedling control in the following five years. Planting of heathland species.

Backpack spray this edge to contain weeds to current status.

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Plg

Management Map 5

Stairs 1 Stairs 2 Stairs 3

To the west of the First Surf Beach car park. Pl Management Map 5

Continued Beach Access

1 2 3 4

5 6 7

8

9

Lookouts

10

11

Walking tracks

Primary and secondary dune system, is now stabilised due to past management.

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Walking trails require drainage structures put in .place, track defining; appropriate signs, mulching of track surface. Plant material removed through maintenance should be disposed of appropriately and not left along track margins. lnfonnal walking tracks not desired require closing down.

Continued maintenance Re-construction No longer in existence. Establish chain and slat access track and maintain.

A minimal human impact management strategy is desirable. Weed control via back pack spraying and drill and fill.

Maintain in present condition Maintain in present condition Establish chain and slat access to beach Look out in-place with stairs to the beach These stairs are decrepit and badly in need ofreplacement Establish stairs Maintain in present condition Establish stairs Maintain in present condition Establish chain and slat Establish chain and slat

Existing look outs continued maintenance Establish·· 1ook outs to provide access to the scenic view, restrict access to unstable cliff edge and to confine traffic to defined track area

53

P2a

Management Map 5

P2b

Management Map 5

P2c

Management Map 5

P2d

- - - - - - - - ==- --- .__. ......I

This area is currently managed as high impact camping area used for short duration over Christmas and Easter with toilet and facility buildings, powered sites and defined camping areas within an open Eucalyptus woodland with an understory of scattered remnant heathland species.

Combination of Tea-tree, Eucalyptus and Coastal shrub communities connecting the P2a camping area.

Implement a no-facilities camping area removing facilities (i.e. power, toilet and wash block) to accommodate minimal environmental impact camping on request, where people take out what they bring in. Restrict camping in this area to peak times only. Promote as an eco-tourist location for groups within to undertake environmental works (ATCV and other organisations may be interested in this theme). Intense removal of invasive species with re-establishment of a eucalyptus woodland community with a heath understory. This may be achieved via replanting and allowing self-seeding to establish. Remove and control weed species. Re-define the access track into a walking track.

• Minimal environmental impact camping area.• Re-define access tracks to walking tracks.• Removal of alien species.The combination of the fore :mentioned will combine to restore the integrity of this area.

Coastal Tea-tree community with mass Dolichos (Dipogon I Back pack spray Dolichos and any other alien species. Cut and paint or drill and fill any woody weeds. lignosis) invasion Scattered pines • _ . J Removal of pines with replacement planting of indigenous species.

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.....;)

P3 a

Management Map 2

1. STEEP SLOPE

lA.

2. PLANTATION

3.PINE AREA

A.

B. BUILDINGS

Bl.

B2.

P3a cont.

1996 Weed removal, replacement planting and fenced off

\\BCS _ SERVERl \E\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _2.doc/07 May 2002

Spray blackberry and other weeds.

Dense ground cover planting at the moment, a lot of bare ground and re-establishment of weeds Plant species i.e. round noon flour poas (lab and enciformus) boa spinach encalina (ruby salt bush) spreading ground covers

bense kycooya invasion needs spraying lower boarder is a kycooya front that is advancing up slope; needs spraying to contain on lower flat and out of bush establishment area.

Weeds are re-establishing; needs spot spray (Boobialla self-seeding well).

These pines are maintaining the below bank (Area 1) - plant larger banksias and Eucalyptus along to Area 1. When the trees are mature remove pines. No camping area.

Plantation sites, small shrubs and ground

Life savers

Toilet block - A 1 plantation of indigenous ground covers and creepers would improve the aesthetics of this building. Re-roof with heritage green color bond.

Rotunda - A plantations will screen. Re-roof with heritage green color bond, render the walls and paint. This will not only improve the look of the rotunda but also provide a surface that can be easily painted in the event of further vandalism.

55

B3

B4.

4.

5. PinesSA-E

6.

7.

8.

-

Mature silver birch and associated runner seedlings.

- - - - - - --- -l

- --- ....J

Old Cape Hall - replace cottage garden plans with native small shrubs and g/c to make consistent with park status. Render the walls and paint. This will not only improve the look of the rotunda but also provide a surface that can be easily painted in the event of further vandalism

Primary dune - grassland (marum and hairy spinefex).

Coastal park land (no camping)

Dominant pine overstory with caprosma (mirror bush) understory. Some remnant banksia present. Removal of mirror bush, plant; native shrub and ground cover. Initial pine removal; replant banksia and Eucalyptus species - two year

Revegetation of 5B, 5C and 5E in sequence.

Remove birch replacement planting with banksia species. As caprosma and other alien. species remove with replacement shrub plantings

break; successive

Leave these for now. Priority to remove scattered, unconfined pines. Long-term removal of these as they are the likely source of the invading pines throughout the Cape coastal strip.

Camping area Eucalyptus woodland with tea tree understory. Removal of weeds and re-establishment of indigenous natives that will provide similar

Established avenue of pines providing shelter for camping I conditions for campers ie. Eucalyptus woodland with open coastal shrub understory (small plantations). area.

Mass caprosma invasion, scattered pine invasion, scattered mature Eucalyptus.

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P3 b Management Map 5 'Allan Birt Reserve'. A.

P.

P3 c Management Map 4

9A.

Open grassland; scattered trees and shrubs providing shelter for campers. This open grass land has scattered eucalyptus, banksias, coastal shrubs and heath species; mirror, blackberry, pitsporums

\\BCS _ SERVER! \E\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN _ 2.doc/07 May 2002

Screen plantings The water board structure screen should consist of shrubs and taller scattered eucalyptus and banksias in an effort to obscure the waste treatment unit and toilet block. The toilet block screen should consist of native ground covers and creepers. These structures are located in an open grassland BBQ and picnic area surrounded by a Coastal Shrub Vegetation community. Re-location ofthe Illawong play equipment to this site is desirable.

An avenue of pines exists along the road side. The coastal shrub is well established behind these pines. The pines are not in keeping with the conservation status of the reserve, provide a seed source for the further establishment ofpineswithin the reserve and should be removed.

Replacement planting of ; mirror bush and other weeds with species such as: bearded heath (lucapogan), Sheoak (Casurina strickta) or Boobialla

Clearing of over-hanging branches intruding on access track required Removal of dangerous protruding branches required Relocation of playground to the Allan Birt Reserve (see P3b)

Is a stand of mirror bush screening the playground. Establish native species in front of this screen before removing caprornas.

57

- - - - - - - - - .......J ,___, -..J

P4a

Management Map 5

P4b

Management Map 5

Gully along the bottom of a mud stone cliff with. some dramatic fishers and caves. Over-story of banksias and a weed infested understory.

Riparian area fringing the creek and the connecting banks. Mass weed invasion.

\IBCS_SERVERJ\E\home\Paul SmiU1\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/07 May 2002

Option 1: Bum the gully to remove weed understory and promote banksia re-growth. Non fire tolerant weeds;

Blackberry Rubus fruiticosis Black night-shade Solanum nigrum English ivy Hedera helix

Replant uriderstory with poas, ground covers and small shrubs. Select re-planting species from the remnant groundcovers adjoining the southern edge of the gully.

Contain weeds with Ple spraying. Beginning at the northern end of the gully, re-vegetate manageable sections at a time. Residents of adjoining properties have expressed interest in partaking in the re-vegetation of this area. Mass weed removal of small section:

Unit spray of herbaceous weeds and cut and paint or drill and fill woody weeds. Remove the woody weed mass and compress/break-up the dead herbaceous weeds mass with rake hoes. Weed-mat our dead bio-mass and replant. Follow-up back pack spray, matting maintenance, tree guard removal and replacement p]antin,,.

58

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APPENDIX ONE:

VEGETATION COMMUNITIES OF THE CAPE PATERSON

FORESHORE RESERVE

Vegetation communities are defined on Map 2, the following is a description of the predominant stratum of vegetation distinguishing the vegetation communities. The abbreviations of each community correspond with identification on Map 2.

Coast Shrub-land (CS)

Coast Wattle Common Beared-heath

Prickly Tea-tree Boobialla

Swamp Paperbark Scented Paperbark Coastal Tea-tree

Coastal Tea-tree (CTT)

Coastal Tea-tree

Banksia Woodland (BW)

Coast Banksia

Coastal Eucalyptus Woodland (EW)

Mixed Eucalyptus spp Gippsland Manna-gum

Coast Wattle Common Beared-heath

Prickly Tea-tree Boobialla

Swamp Paperbark Scented Paperbark Coastal Tea-tree

Acacia sophorae Leucopogon virgatus

Leptospermum continentale Myoporum insulare Melaleuca ericifolia Melaleuca squarrosa

Leptospermum laevigatum

Leptospermum laevigatum

Banksia integrifolia

Eucalyptus spp. Eucalyptus pryoriana

Acacia sophorae Leucopogon virgatus

Leptospermum continentale Myoporum insulare Melaleuca ericifolia Melaleuca squarrosa

Leptospermum laevigatum

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Coastal Eucalyptus Woodland with a heath understory (CWH)

Mixed Eucalyptus spp Gippsland Manna -gum

Coast Wattle Common Beared-heath

Prickly Tea-tree Boobialla

Swamp Paperbark Scented Paperbark Coastal Tea-tree Prickly Moses

Prickly Tea-tree Woolly Tea-tree

Common Beard-heath Peach Heath

Prickly Geebung Dwarf Sheoak

Heathland (HJ

Prickly Moses Prickly Tea-tree Woolly Tea-tree

Common Beard-heath Peach Heath

Prickly Geebung Dwarf Sheoak

(HJ) Heathland with minimal invasion. Some invasion by:

Coast Wattle Coastal Tea-tree

H:\home\paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPA TMAN _ 2.doc/06 May 2002

Eucalyptus spp. Eucalyptus pi:yoriana

Acacia sophorae Leucopogon virgatus

Leptospermum continentale Myoporum insulare Melaleuca ericifolia Melaleuca squarrosa

Leptospermum laevigatum Acacia verticillata

Leptospermum continentale Leptospermum lanigum

Leucopogon virgatus Lissanthe strigosa

Persoonia juniperina Allocasuarina paradoxa

Acacia verticillata Leptospermum continentale

Leptospermum lanigum Leucopogon virgatus

Lissanthe strigosa Persoonia juniperina

Allocasuarina paradoxa

Acacia sophorae Leptospemum laevigartum

60

(H2) Heathland with moderate invasion. Invasion by:

Coastal Wattle Coastal Tea-tree

Pine tall open forest (P)

RadiataPine

Open Grass Land (OG)

Acacia sophorae Leptospennum laevigatum

Pinus radiata

These are open areas of high public utilisation.

Riparian (R)

The creek margins have been intensely invaded by weeds. Small retnnant patches of Bullrush (Trithuria subersa) and Cotnmon Maidenhair (Adiantum aethioicum) are still intact.

Primary dune grass land (P)

Marram Grass *Hairy Spinefex

* Introduced species.

Ammophila arenaria Spinifex sericeus

Burnt area identified on Map 2: This area was burn by a wild fire in 1993. The presence of the heathland species and the most critical invading species, Leptospennum laevigatum (Coastal tea-tree), indicates the unpredictable nature of fire as a tool in heathlands.

H:\home\Paul Smilh\PLANS\FSHOREICAPEPATMAN_2.doci06 May 2002 61

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APPENDIX TWO:

PLANTS OF CAPE PATERSON

Sherry Collins

DUNE PLANTS

Coast Tea-tree Coast Beard-heath Coast Banksia Boobialla Coast Everlasting Coast Daisy-bush White Correa Variable Groundsel Dune Goundsel Dune Thistle Bidgee-widgee Small-leaf Clematis Purple Groundsel Sea Celery Karkalla Bower Spinach Climbing Lignum Coast Spurge Coast Sword-sedge Sandhill Sword-sedge Coast Wattle Sea Rocket Sea berry Saltbush Cushion Bush Austral Crane's-bill Common Vetsh

ORCHIDS

H:\home\Paul SmW1\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPA TMAN _ 2.doc/06 May 2002

Leptospermum laevigatum Leucopogon parviflorus Banksia integrifolia Myoporum insulare Helicln:ysum paralium Olearia axillaris Correa alba Senecio lautus Senecio spathulatus Actites megalocarpa Acaena anserinifolia Clematis microphylla Senecio elegans Apium prostratum Car:pobrotus rossii Tetragonia implexicoma Muehlenveckia adpressa Euphorbia paralisa Lepidosperma gladiatum Lepidosperma concavin Acacia sophorae Cakile maritima Rhagodia candolleana Leucophyta brownii Geranium solanderi Vicia sativa

62

Pink Fairies Waxlip Orchid Wallflower Orchid Cinnamon Bells Slaty Helmet-orchid Tall Leek-orchid Dotted Sun-orchid Salmaon Sun-orchid Slender Sun-orchid Brown-beaks Green-comb Spider-orchid Thick-lip Spider-orchid

HERBS

Milkmaids Button Everlasting Jersey Cud weed Purple Groundsel Variable Groundsel Dune Groundsel Grass trigger-plant Climbing Sundew Tall Sundew Angle Lobelia Ivy-leaf Violet Creeping Wood-sorrel Twining Fringe-lily Common Fringe-lily Black-anther Flax-lily Short Purple-flag Long Purple-flag Common Onion-grass Common Onion-grass Pimpernel Swamp Daisy Pale Grass-lily Common Raspwort Blue Stars ROCKY CLIFF FACES

Rounded Noon-Flower

H:\home\Paul Smith\PLANS\FSHORE\CAPEPATMAN_2.doc/06 May 2002

Caladenia latifolia Glossodia major Diuris corymbosa Gastrodia sesamoides Corybas incurves Prasophllum elatum Thelymitra ixioides Thelymitra rubra Thelymitra pauciflora Lyperanthus suaveolens Caladenia dilatata Caladenia tessellata

Burchardia umbellata Helichrysum scomioides Pseudognaphalium luteoalba Senecio elegans Senecio lautus Senecio spathulatus Stylidium graminifolium Drosera macrantha Drosera peltata Lobelia alata Viola hederacea Oxalis comiculatatA Thysanotus patersonii Thysanotus tuberosus Dianella revoluta Patersonia fragilis Patersonia occidentalis Romulea rosea Romulea rosea Anagallis arvmsis Brachyscome cardiocarpa Caesia parviflora Gononcarpus tetragyna Chainaescilla corymbosa

Diphyma Crassifolium

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Creeping Brook.weed White Correa Coast Tussock Grass Cushion Bush

PLANTS OF WET AREAS

Swamp Daisy Water Buttons Jersey Cudweed Pink Swamp-heath Scaly Buttons CreepingBrookweed

Blunt-leaf Heath Smilax Fairies' Aprons

CLIMBERS AND PROSTRATE CREEPERS

Slender Dodder-laurel Downy Codder-laurel Small-leaf Clematis Running Postman Love Creeper Common Appleberry Climbing Lignum

Bower Spinach Karkalla Rounded Noon-flower Creeping Brookweed

Bidgee-widgee Austral Stonecrop Prickly Guinea-flower

SEDGES, RUSHES AND TUSSOCKS

Spiny-headed Mat-lily Coast Saw-sedge Knobby Club-sedge

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Salolus repens Correa alba Poa poiformis Leucophyta brownii

Brachscome cardiocarpa Cotula coronipifolia Pseudognchos tenuifolia Sprengelia incarnata Leptorhynchos tenuifolia Samolus repens Epacris obtusifolia Asparagus Asparagoides Utricularia dichotoma

Cassytha glabella Cassytha pubescens Clematis microphylla Kennedia prostrata Comesperma volubile

Billardiera scandens Meuhlenbeckia adpressa Tetragonia implexicoma Carpobrotus rossii Disphyma cassifolium Samolus repens Acaena anserinifolia Crassula sieberana Hibbertia acicularis

Lomandra longifolia Gahnia trifida Isolepis nodosa

64

Sandhill Sword-sedge Coast Sword-sedge· Pithy Sword-sedge Pale Rush Dwarf Mat-lily

GRASSES

Common Reed Coast Tussock Grass Hairy Spinifex Marram Grass Supple Spear-grass Kangaroo Grass

TREES

Coast Manna Gum Sweet Wattle Wirilda Scrub She-oak Dwarf She-oak Silver Banksia Coast Tea-tree Coast Beard-heath Swamp Paperbark Scented Paperbark Handsome Flat-pea Kangaroo Apple Large-lef Bush-pea Dusty Daisy-bush Golden Spray Tree Lupin

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Lepidosperma concavin Lepidosperma gladiatum Lepidosperma longitudinale Juncus pallidus Lonandra nana

Phragmites australis Poa poiformis Spinifex sericeus Ammophila arenaria Stipa mollis Themeda triandra

Eucalyptus pzyoriana Acacia suaveolens Acacia rhetinoides Allocasuarina paludosa Allocasuarina paradoxa Banksia marginata Leptospermum laevigatum Leucopogon parviflorus Meleleuca ericifolia Meleleuca ·squarossa Platylobium formosum Solanum aviculara Pultenaea daphogopappa Olearia phlogopappa Viminaria juncea Lupinus arborea

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1SHRUBS UNDER 2 METRES

Coast Everlasting

1 Coast Daisy-bush Twiggy Daisy-bush Horny Cone-bush

I Prickly Geebung Coast Pomaderris White Correa

I Creamy Canles Broom Spurge Common Beard-heath Peach Heath Showy Bossiaea

I Grey Parrot-pea Showy Parrot-pea Common Flat-pea

I Rigid Bush-pea Austral Stork's-bill Hop Goodenia

I Prickly Moses Prickly Moses Prichly Tea-tree

I Woolly Tea-tree Common Rice-flower Prickly Guinea-flower

I PEA FLOWERED PLANTS

J Showy Bossiaea Grey Parrot-pea Showy Parrot-pea Running Postman Handsome Flat-pea Rigid Bush-pea Large-leaf Bush-pea Solden Spray Tree Lupin Common Aotus

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Helichrysum paralium Oleraria axillaris Olearia ramulosa Isopogon ceratophyllus Persoonia juniperina Pomaderris oraria Correa alba Stackhosia monogyna Amperea xiphoclada Leucopogon virgatus Lissanthe strigosa Bossiaea cinaria Dillwynia cinerascens Dillwynia serecia Platylobium obtusangulum Pultenaea stricta Pelargonium australe Goodenia ovata Acacia verticillata (ovoidea) Acacia verticillata (verticill) Leptospermum continentale Leptospermum lanigera Pimelia humilis Hibbertia acicularis

Bossiaea cinaria Dillwynia cinerascens Dillwynia serecia Kennedia prostrata Platylobium obtusangulum Pultenaea stricta Pultenaea daphnoides Viminaria juncea Lupinus arborea Aotus ericoides

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BEACH

ILLAWONG CAMPING

GROUND

- - ·- -- - -· - -----�� --, --

1st SURF 8E:ACH

LEGEND

[:] = RUBBISH BIN

CAPE CHANNEL

� = BOAT RAMP -$- = LIGHTS I = PROPOSED INFORMATION SIGNAGE

L _F = FI RE BREAK e = LOOKOUT A = BEACH ACCESS (D = BEACH ACCESS NUMBER

� = EXISTING BRIDGE .. = PROPOSED BRIDGE ,r = STAIRS

--- = PARTIALLY FENCED TRACK

---------=EXISTING WALKING TRACK

ENLARGEME

.....

BASS COAST SHIRE ACC

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Please refer to table L of appendix for mon09ement stro

LEGEND

I WALK TRACKS - --- -� I "'"""""'' ZONES :@ I�·-------· ___ J

MAP2

MANUNJTS.DGN