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Korean Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray School Array Experiment
Global Hands-On Universe 2007National Astronomical Observatory, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
2007. 7. 14
Ewha Womans University
Jongmann YangOn behalf of the COREA Collaboration
COREA Project Cosmic ray Research and Education Array in Korea
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Cosmic ray• What is cosmic ray?
– Fundamental particles, nucleus, extra terrestrial electro magnetic radiations
• Observed composition: – 50% proton, 25% alpha, 13% C/N/O nucleus, <1% electron, <0.1% gamma, heavy nucleus
• Discovery: 1912 Victor F. Hess (Austria), 1936 Nobel prize
인공위성 AMS, EUSO
풍선 CREAM
지상 AGASA, AUGER, COREA
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Cosmic Ray Ground Array Projects
• Array Projects– AGASA and HiRes: Previous– AUGER and TA: Current– Schools Arrays: Nebraska, LA, Italy, Seattle, Paris, Lisbon, Stockholm, London, etc <= GPS is routinely available since 2002
• Korean Strength (2840 junior high schools/ 1987 Senior high schools) Compact Geological Distribution of Schools High Speed Internet Network
Best Human Resources in Science
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California HIgh school Cosmic ray ObServatory
San Gabriel Valley
37 sites active
San Fernando Valley
33 sites active
NALTA
North American Large area Time coincidence Arrays
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Experimental Concept of COREA
Shower by atmospheric interaction
Ground Observation(COREA School Array)
Space Observation(MEMS satellite)
AGASA
COREA
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Three Goals of COREA Project
Basic Science Project Science Education in High
Schools
Popular Science ProjectParticipation of Many Students and General
Public
Ist Class Science Project &
Korean Technologies
Official Web Page http://www.corea-korea.orgCOREA (Cosmic ray Research and Education Array in Korea)
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Content of COREA Project
•Network of Surface Detectors at Nationwide High Schools– 1~2 Detector at Each School
Team of Students and a Teacher, Production, Operation, DAQ – System
(Detector + PM tube + Electronics + PC) + (Internet + GPS + S/W)
•First Korean R&E Model of Big Science - Uijeongbu Science High School supported by KOSEF (2006.5 – 2007.2)
PS
Elec
PC
GPS
PlasticScintillator
Back
Side
Front
Setup of Detector Stations Setup of Detector Stations
Three detector stations The total detection area: 6m2
Roof of Uijeongbu Science High School
③
④
①
②
Cosmic Ray
1010
Plastic Scintillation DetectorPlastic Scintillation Detector
Depth : 1 cm
Length : 100 cm
Width : 100 cm
22 fibers
1111
GPS Receiver
COREA Electronics
GPS Antenna
GPS Antenna Cable
Low voltage operation : 3 V High timing performance < 2ns VIC-100, Synergy Systems, USA
GPS Antenna & ReceiverGPS Antenna & Receiver
1212
Data Acquisition ProgramData Acquisition Program
Trigger modes by FPGA
0 CH1 and CH2 and CH3 and CH41 CH1 and CH2 and CH3 or CH1 and
CH2and CH4 or CH1 and CH3 and CH4 or CH2 and CH3 and CH4
2 CH1 and CH2 and CH3 or CH1 and CH2 and CH4
3 CH1 and CH2 and CH34 CH1 and CH2 or CH1 and CH3 or CH1
and CH4 or CH2 and CH3 or CH2 and CH4 or CH3 and CH4
5 CH1 and CH2 or CH1 and CH3 or CH1 and CH4
6 CH1 and CH2 or CH1 and CH37 CH1 and CH28 CH1 or CH2 or CH3 or CH49 CH1 or CH2 or CH310 CH1 or CH211 CH1 only12 CH2 only13 CH3 only14 CH4 only
Event Data Example
7 * 256 + 214 = 2006 년 GPS Time Data
Year 7*256 + 214 = 2006
Month 12
Day 6
Time 18:34:17
Nanosecond 3*2563 + 34*2562 + 208*256 + 98
ADC Data gathered from four Detectors
column 2 Channel 1 Data
column 3 Channel 2 Data
column 4 Channel 3 Data
column 5 Channel 4 Data
Event DataEvent Data
1023
0
0 2 μsec
Waveform
Waveform of one event
10ns
Preliminary ExperimentPreliminary Experiment
The same particleTwo particles originated from one air shower
Vertical arrangement Horizontal arrangement
Confirmation of coincidence between two detectors in independent systems
Result & Analysis(1)Result & Analysis(1)
17,827 coincident(< 1 sec) events were recorded for 50 min by three detector stations.
17,827 events / 50 min
(6 events / sec)
Jan 15, 2007 20:00-20:50
Number
of events
0.5 sec maximum time difference (within 1 second)
1616
55 events
Number
of events
0.0125 sec
360 events
Enlarge 40 times
Figure 1
Figure 2
Result & Analysis(2)Result & Analysis(2)
55 events are piled up close to the origin.
1717
With 55 events clustered within 150 ns of time interval, and assuming that the signal is due to
a single high-energy cosmic ray, we estimate that the primary particle energy is around 1 TeV. The time differences of 100ns are caused by error of the oscillator in readout board.
Result & Analysis(3)Result & Analysis(3)
10-6 sec
Enlarge 12500 times
Number
of events 55 events
1 TeV cosmic rays
Figure 2
Figure 3
1818
DSC09457
One teacher and four students of Uijeongbu Science High School with
professors and students of Ewha Womans University Feb 2007
1919
SummarySummary
Three detector stations had been set up at Uijeongbu science high school, each detector station with four plastic scintillation detectors.
Coincidence signals were detected by three detector stations.
Install more detector stations at Ewha University and Yonsei University to detect higher energy cosmic rays .
Plan to construct large-scale ground array by distributing set of detector stations over high schools in Seoul and South Korea in the near future.
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COREA CollaborationJunior High ( 교사수 ) Senior High ( 교사수 ) Univ. ( 교수수 ) Others
강일 (1)고덕 (1)반송여중 (1)백양 (1)인수 (1)부천동여중 (1)
대구과학 (1)대연 (1)대전과학 (1)독산 (1)동국대부속 (1)민족사관 (2)안산 (1)인천대건 (1)인천숭덕여고 (1)제물포 (1)충남과학 (1)서라벌 (1)울산중앙 (1)의정부과학 ( 김기혁 )
전남대 (2)전북대 (2)충남대 (2)이화여대 (8)인하대 (2)경북대 (2)경상대 (3)경성대 (1)한양대 (1)부산대 (4)서울대 (6)서울시립대 (2)성균관대 (2)연세대 (3)중앙대 (1)
고등과학원 (1)한국천문연구원 (2)한국과학영재학교 (1)
계 6 개 학교 6 명 계 14 개 학교 15 명 계 15 개 학교 41 명 계 3 개 기관 3 명
Total 38 schools & Labs. 65 people
※ Students are not included in the statistics.