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1 Introduction to the EUROPEAN UNION History, Structures, Procedures.
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Transcript of 1 Introduction to the EUROPEAN UNION History, Structures, Procedures.
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Introduction to the EUROPEAN UNION
History, Structures, Procedures
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History
Following the World Wars I and II, the French government developed a
proposal for a
Supranational High Authority
to govern the coal and steel industry
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1951: Treaty of Paris
European Community for Coal and Steel
France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxembourg
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518 April 1951 - the Treaty of Paris, establishing the ECSC
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1951 Treaty of Paris (ECSC)1957 Treaty of Rome (TEC, EEC & Euratom)1986 Single European Act 1992 Treaty of Maastricht (TEU)1997 Treaty of Amsterdam2002 Treaty of Nice2008 Treaty of Lisbon
Legal base: Treaties
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25 March 1957 Treaty of Rome esthablishing the
European Economic Community
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8Treaty of Amsterdam signed in Amsterdam on 2 October 1997, and entering into force on
1rst May 1999
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ENLARGEMENT1951: Fr, Ger, It, Be, Ne, Lux.1965: UK, Ir, Dk1981: Gr1985: Sp, Por1996: Fin, Aus, Sw2004: Est, Lat, Lit, Pol, Hun, Cz, Slvk, Slov, Cyp, Malta2007: Rom, Bul20??: Cr, Tur, ????
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Accession
Copenhagen criteriaApplicationNegotiationsAccession TreatyAssent procedureImplementation « aquis communautaire »
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Goals• Freedom• Security• Prosperity
Free movement of people, goods, services and capital
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TREATY
Lays down the mandate
Member States have given to EU
It describes:• EU goals,• its competences and the areas wherein it can be active,• role of the institutions,• procedures,• etc.
Everything EU does, is based on a provision in the Treaty
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EU Institutions that play a role in legislation
European Commission (EU level~ high authority)
European Parliament (Citizens)
Council of the European Union (Member States)
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Institutional triangle
Commission(Union)
Parliament
(citizens)
Council
(member states)
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EU Commission– Successor of High Authority for Coal and Steel– 27 Commissioners– Appointed by Council, after approval EP – Chair: José Manuel Barroso– Multinational civil servants– Accountable to EP / EP can dismiss Commission
Exclusive right to initiate legislation– Proposals must have a legal base in treaties
Administering and implementing community policy– Guardian of treaties, protect them from infringements
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European Council (heads of states and governments) 2.5 years President: Herman Van Rompuy
Council of the European Union(ministers)
Council of Europe
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Council of the European UnionCouncil of ministers of member statesComposition varies per subject (e.g. agriculture
council, economic and financial affaires council, etc.
All MS directly representedQualf. MajorityRotating presidency (… UK, Ger, Por, Slov, Fr ..etc)Decides upon Commission proposals
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Council of EuropeCouncil of Europe,
Separate organisation
established in January 1949,
45 countries
Council of Europe rights,
social cohesion, focuses on four areas:
democracy and human
the security of citizens and
democratic values and cultural diversity.
European Conventions on Human Rights ……. Animal Welfare …
OSCE…
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European Parliament
785 seats ( 750)
Directly elected every 5 yearsSeat in Strasbourg, convenes in Strasbourg and Brussels No right to initiate legislationMain political groups:
» PES: social democratic parties» EPP: christian democratic parties» ELDR: liberals
Several committees: AGRI, JURI, PECH, ENVI, BUDG, etc.Rapporteurs, appointed by cie to draft reportPresident: mr Jerzy Buzek
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21European Parliament
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Commission drafts proposal
Council decision
European Parliamentgives (non-)binding opinionNew legislation
directly applicable
or implementation by MS
Comitology
e.g. SCoFCAH
Commission
Evaluation / Review
Coreper advises
A and B points
Consultations with stakeholders
Internal consultations
Proposal is presented to CouncilDiscussion in Council working groups
CSA (agri)
Econ & Soc Committee
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Procedures
Co - decision Procedure
Consultation Procedure
Assent Procedure
(Cooperation Procedure)
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1. Codecision
Applicable for specified subjects only– e.g.: internal market, transport, culture,
health, consumer protection, research, environnement, … etc.
Council and EP have to reach an agreement
Limited number of possibilities No agreement proposal will not be
adopted
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Commission proposal
EP opinion
Council approves all EP amendments- or Council issues « common position »
EP approves council’s common position- or EP ammends council’s com. pos.
Council approves all EP amendments- or Concilliation procedure
EP and council agree joint text
Council approves act
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2. Consultation
Commission issues proposalSends proposal to Council and EPCouncil asks advice of EP and
committeesCommission may amend its proposal on
the basis of the EP’s opinionCouncil takes decision (council may amend
proposal itself but only on the base of unanimity)
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Article 249 of the Treaty
Regulation
Directive
Decision
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Regulation
– General application– Binding in its entirety– Directly applicable in all MS (in gen. 20 days after
publ.)
– Uniform in all MS (common policy)
Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 laying down Community procedures for the authorisation and supervision of medicinal products for human and veterinary use and establishing a European Medicines Agency
Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition
Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 November 2003 on the control of salmonella and other specified food-borne zoonotic agents.
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Directive (framework law)
– binding as to the result to be achieved, upon each MS
– leaves national authorities the choice of forms and methods
– certain period for implementation
Directive 2004/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 amending Directive 2001/82/EC on the Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products
Directive 2003/99/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the monitoring of zoonoses and zoonotic agents, amending Council Decision 90/424/EEC and repealing Council Directive 92/117/EEC.
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Decision
– Binding in its entirety upon those to whom it is addressed
– COMMISSION DECISION of 23 March 2004 concerning protection measures in relation to highly pathogenic avian influenza in the United States of America
– COMMISSION DECISION of 30 March 2004 derogating from Decisions 2003/803/EC and 2004/203/EC as regards the format for certificates and passports for the non-commercial movement of dogs,cats and ferrets and amending Decision 2004/203/EC
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Areas for Veterinary Legislation
• Trade• Health protection and disease control• Animal welfare• Zootechnical Aspects• Feeding stuffs• Foodstuffs• Veterinary Medical and Biotechnical Products• Veterinary Qualifications
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http://eur-lex.europa.eu/nl/index.htm
To search legislation on number, topic, etc.Site in 23 languages
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Thank you