1: Internet & Its Uses
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Transcript of 1: Internet & Its Uses
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1: Internet & Its UsesWorking at a Small-Medium Business or ISP
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Back to the Future
• Internet is a network of networks
• Originally for military, science research
• Available to consumers in 1991
• New applications/uses being developed
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Follow That Standard
• Internet has standards to follow too
• New standards tracked in RFC document
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Connect Me!
• You connect to ISP– Remember the ISP services?
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Which ISP?
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Internet Delivery 1
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Internet Delivery 2
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Metro Ethernet
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Select Carefully
• Does the ISP have the right services?
• Will it meet the growth of the company?– Example: PatNet ISP offers $5/month & 5
email addresses to Fisher Realty– What if 2 years from now Fisher Realty has an
office with 12 employees & now needs a web presence?
• Switching ISP’s creates more work & hassle
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U to the I…to the S…to the P
• You connect to the POP– POPs connect to ISP high-speed links
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Internet Hierarchy- IXP
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Tier 1 ISP
• MCI, Sprint, AT&T, Cable and Wireless– Top of hierarchy– They interconnect privately (PEERING)– Connect at IXP– Own the fiber cables
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Sprint- Tier 1
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Tier 2 ISP
• Smaller Regional ISPs – Connects to Tier 1 & with other Tier 2’s– Connects to IXP– Tier 2 pays Tier 1 for connectivity
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Tier 3 ISP
• Connect to Tier 2
• Local “mom & pop” ISP (Jersey.net)
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Ping & Tracert
• Ping- connectivity test (echo request)– Time it takes to travel– Whether it’s reachable
• Tracert (Windows) shows path
• Traceroute (Router CLI) shows path
• Lab 1.2.3
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Review
• If you ping, do you (as the source) send out an echo request or an echo reply?– Echo request
• What Tier ISP peers with others same sized ISP’s to form the backbone?– 1
• What is the name of the connection point where you connect to the ISP?– POP
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Review
• Which test is this?
– Tracert
• What connects the backbones?– IXP (Internet Exchange Point)
• What year did the Internet become widely available for consumers?– 1991
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ISP Devices
• Needs to connect to other ISPs & handles lots of traffic
• DSLAM• CMTS• Modems for dial-up• Wireless Bridging• Border gateway routers• Servers for client services• Power Conditioning Equipment• Air Conditioners
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ISP Requirements
• Must be reliable & scalable– Other wise loss of customers= no money– Device that are modular are good!
• Packet Tracer Lab 1.3.1.3
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ISP Roles & Responsibilities
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Activity
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Review
• When you ping, what does RTT mean?– Round trip time
• What does a ping send to a destination?– Echo request
• Speed of a T1 & T3?– T1= 1.5Mbps– T3= 44Mbps
• Which Tier ISP forms the Internet backbone?– 1
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Review
• What interconnects the backbone?– IXP
• Bandwidth is measured in what?– Bps (bits per second)
• What is a document that tracks the development of Internet standards?– RFC
• In what year did the Internet become widely available to consumers?– 1991
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Review
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1: Internet & Its UsesWorking at a Small-Medium Business or ISP