1 Hyper-V Architecture, Scenarios And Networking Jeff Woolsey Senior Program Manager Windows...

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Hyper-V Architecture, Scenarios And Networking

Jeff WoolseySenior Program ManagerWindows VirtualizationMicrosoft Corporation

VIR358

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Objectives And Takeaways

Objective(s)Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

ArchitectureWhy is there a parent partition?Hyper-V Isolation

Virtualization DemoHyper-V NetworkingHyper-V on Laptops, Demo Configs and ConsiderationsVirtualization Comparison

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Hyper-V Beta In The Press

“My experience has left me extremely impressed. Windows Server 2008 on large-scale, virtualized enterprise servers will make alternatives a very hard sell.”

- Infoworld

“Microsoft's virtualization has three unique advantages: It costs nothing, its administration is integrated into Microsoft's other server management tools, and Windows Server 2008 is the only host OS it needs to support. In that last case, Windows shops derive a serious performance and scalability kick...”

- Infoworld

“Hyper-V is free as a built-in feature in Server 2008 Standard and ESX Server costs several thousand dollars per copy, depending on the features purchased, so on a pure bang per buck and ease of use basis, it beats ESX and dare I say it – the Xen solutions built into Linux distros – hands down.

- ZDNet

“Even though Hyper-V is still pre-1.0 code, I think Microsoft has done a bang-up job with its hypervisor, and it may just turn this Linux freak into a Windows 2008 junkie for running his own personal virtualization needs.”

- ZDNet

“Yes, jaws actually dropped when it [Hyper-V] was installed in the Test Center.”

- CRN

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Virtualization In The Industry

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Virtualization Market TodayComputerworld

“Although virtualization has been the buzz among technology providers, |only 6% of enterprises have actually deployed virtualization on their networks, said Levine, citing a TWP Research report. That makes the other 94% a wide-open market.”

The Rise of the Virtual Machine and the Real Impact It Will Have

“We calculate that roughly 6% of new servers sold last year were virtualized and project that 7% of those sold this year will be virtualized and believe that less than 4% of the X86 server installed base has been virtualized to date.

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Virtualization 2010

Information Week Oct. 2007

“The [virtualization field] is nowhere near saturated. IDC estimates that only 17% of the worldwide server market will be virtualized by 2010, up from 5% in 2005.”

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Microsoft IT Going GreenProduction UseVirtual Server in heavy use for 18+ months2,500+ virtual machines~100 new VMs per monthConsolidation Ratios

8 servers to 1 server

Test/Development Savings

Test/Development UseVirtual Server in heavy use for 18+ months500+ virtual machinesConsolidation Ratios16 servers to 1 server

Item Physical System Cost Virtual Server Build Cost Savings

Number of servers required 477 systems @ a cost of $5k each

Total $2.3 million

16 physical host systems @ $20k each

Total: $320 thousand

Just under 2 million dollars

Hard drive space 19 terabytes 8 terabytes 11 terabytes

Rack space 30 racks 2 racks 28 racks

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Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

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Windows Hyper-V Requirements

DescriptionHypervisor based virtualization platformWindows Server 2008 x64 Edition technology

Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter Editions

Hardware Requirementsx64 server with hardware assisted virtualization

AMD AMD-V or Intel VT

Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP) requiredAMD (NX no execute bit)Intel (XD execute disable)

Note: Enabling these BIOS features requires powering down (not rebooting) the server to take effect

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Architecture

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Windows Server 2008

VSPVSPWindows Kernel

Hyper-V Architecture

Applications Applications Applications

Non-Hypervisor Aware OS

Windows Server 2003, 2008

Windows Kernel VSC

VMBusVMBus EmulationEmulation

“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware

Windows hypervisor

Xen-Enabled Linux Kernel

Linux VSC

Linux VSC

Hypercall AdapterHypercall Adapter

Parent Partition Child Partitions

VM ServiceVM Service

WMI ProviderWMI Provider

VM Worker Processes

OSISV / IHV / OEM

Microsoft Hyper-VMicrosoft / XenSource

User Mode

Kernel Mode

Provided by:

Ring -1

IHV Drivers

VMBusVMBus

VMBusVMBus

Applications

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Why Not Get Rid Of Parent Partition?

No defense in depthEntire hypervisor running in the most privileged mode of the system

SchedulerMemory ManagementStorage StackNetwork StackVM State MachineVirtualized DevicesDriversManagement API

Hardware

Ring -1

UserMode

KernelMode

UserMode

KernelMode

UserMode

KernelMode Ring 0

Ring 3

VirtualMachin

e

VirtualMachin

e

VirtualMachin

e

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Micro-kernelized HypervisorDefense in depthUsing hardware to protectHyper-V doesn’t use ring compression, uses hardware assists

Further reduces the attack surface

SchedulerMemory Management

Hardware

VM State MachineVirtualized DevicesManagement API

Ring -1

Storage StackNetwork Stack

Drivers

UserMode

KernelMode

UserMode

KernelMode Ring 0

Ring 3

Parent PartitionVirtualMachin

e

VirtualMachin

e

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Hyper-VCapabilities

32-bit (x86) & 64-bit (x64) VMsLarge memory support (64 GB) per VMSMP VMs (up to 4 cores)Integrated cluster support for HA & Quick MigrationBitLocker: Seamless, secure data encryptionLive Backup: Volume Shadow Service integrationPass-through disk access for VMsVirtual Machine snapshotsNew hardware sharing architecture (VSP/VSC/VMBus)

Disk, networking, input, videoRobust networking: VLANs and NLBDMTF standard for WMI management interfaceSupport for Full or Server Core installations

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Windows Server CoreServer Core: New minimal installation option

Provides essential server functionalityCommand Line Interface only, no GUI Shell

BenefitsLess code results in fewer patches and reduced servicing burdenLow surface area server for targeted rolesMore secure and reliable with less management

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Security

IsolationNo sharing of virtualized devicesSeparate VMBus instance per vm to the parent No sharing of memory

Each has its own address spaceVMs cannot communicate with each other, except through traditional networkingGuests can’t perform DMA attacks because they’re never mapped to physical devicesGuests cannot write to the hypervisorParent partition cannot write to the hypervisor

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Hyper-V RC0It Just Works

TAP, RDP & MSIT Hyper-V DeploymentsThousands of Hyper-V VMs in PRODUCTIONWindows Server 2003/2008 Roles:

File, Print, AD, RODC, IIS/Web, TS, Application Services, DHCP, DNS, WSS and more…

Microsoft Server ProductsSQL, Exchange, HPC, ISA, Sharepoint, Project Server, VSTS, Configuration Manager, Ops Manager, VMM & more…

Hyper-V StatsPerformance Blockers: ZERODeployment Blockers: ZEROApplication Compatibility Bugs: ZEROScalability Blockers: ZERO

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Hyper-V Demo

Mike SterlingProgram ManagerWindows VirtualizationMicrosoft Corporation

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Hyper-V Networking

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Hyper-V Networking

Two physical network adapters at minimum

One for managementOne (or more) for VM networkingDedicated NIC(s) for iSCSIConnect parent to back-end management network

Only expose guests to internet traffic

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Hyper-V Network Configurations

Example 1Physical Server has 4 network adaptersNIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for managementNICs 2/3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual machine networkingStorage is non-iSCSI such as

Direct attachSAS or Fibre Channel

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Hyper-V Setup And Networking 1

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Windows Server 2008

Each VM On Its Own Switch…

VM 2VM 1


Windows hypervisor

VM 3


User Mode

KernelMode

Ring -1MgmtNIC 1MgmtNIC 1

VSwitch 1NIC 2

VSwitch 1NIC 2

VSPVSPVSPVSPVSPVSP

VSwitch 2NIC 3

VSwitch 2NIC 3

VSwitch 3NIC 4

VSwitch 3NIC 4




VM Worker Processes

Windows Kernel VSC Windows

KernelVSC Linux

Kernel VSC

VMBusVMBus VMBusVMBus VMBusVMBusVMBusVMBus

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Hyper-V Network Configurations

Example 2Server has 4 physical network adaptersNIC 1: Assigned to parent partition for managementNIC 2: Assigned to parent partition for iSCSINICs 3/4: Assigned to virtual switches for virtual machine networking

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Hyper-V Setup, Networking And iSCSI

Windows Server 2008

Now With iSCSI…

VM 2VM 1


Windows hypervisor

VM 3


User Mode

KernelMode

Ring -1MgmtNIC 1MgmtNIC 1 iSCSI NIC 2iSCSI NIC 2

VSPVSPVSPVSP

VSwitch 1NIC 3

VSwitch 1NIC 3

VSwitch 2NIC 4

VSwitch 2NIC 4




VM Worker Processes

Windows Kernel VSC Windows

KernelVSC Linux

Kernel VSC

VMBusVMBus VMBusVMBus VMBusVMBusVMBusVMBus

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NetworkingParent Partition

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NetworkingVirtual Switches

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VM With Legacy And Synthetic NIC

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Don't forget The ICs!Emulated versus VSC

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Hyper-V Laptops And Demo Configs And Consideration

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Hyper-V And Laptops

No support for wireless networkingCan’t sleep/hibernate systemUse multiple spindles

Disk for systemDisk for virtual machines

Intel Note: Santa Rosa Chipset and laterSupports 4 GB and greater

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Disk 1, Partition 1: ~70 GBDisk 1, Partition 1: ~70 GB

Vista SP1 RTMVista SP1 RTM

Hyper-V Laptop Configuration


Virtual MachinesVirtual Machines

LaptopLaptop

Disk 1: Two PartitionsDisk 1: Two PartitionsVista SP1 & Windows 2008Vista SP1 & Windows 2008

Disk 2: Two PartitionsDisk 2: Two PartitionsVMs & StorageVMs & Storage


Windows Server 2008 x64 Windows Server 2008 x64 EditionEdition


StorageStorageISOsISOs

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Inexpensive Dev/Demo System

Single Proc Quad Core2.4 GHz300 GB DriveDVD-RW Burner1 Gb NIC$700

8 GB DDR2 800 MHz$150

2 500 GB SATA disks$200 ($99 x 2)

Total: $1050

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Creating Virtual Machines

Steps1. Create virtual machine2. Install guest operating system3. Install integration components4. Install anti-virus5. Install management agents6. SYSPREP7. Add it to the SCVMM LibraryWindows Server 2003

Create vms using 2-way to ensure an MP HAL

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Microsoft System Center

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System Center

Virtual machine managementVirtual machine managementServer consolidation and resource Server consolidation and resource utilization optimizationutilization optimizationConversions: P2V and V2VConversions: P2V and V2V

Patch management and deploymentPatch management and deploymentOS and application configuration OS and application configuration managementmanagementSoftware upgradesSoftware upgrades

Live host level virtual machine backupLive host level virtual machine backupIn guest consistencyIn guest consistencyRapid recoveryRapid recovery

End to end service managementEnd to end service managementServer and application health Server and application health monitoring and managementmonitoring and managementPerformance reporting and analysisPerformance reporting and analysis

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What About…Heterogeneous Virtualization ManagementPhysical to Virtual Conversion (P2V)Virtual to Virtual Conversion (V2V)

Virtual Server to Hyper-VVMware to Hyper-V

Virtual Machine LibraryPowerShell ScriptingDelegated AdministrationVirtual Machine AuthoringVM Templates/CloningFailover Cluster Integration

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Virtualization Comparison

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Virtual Server 2005 versus Hyper-V

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Microsoft Virtualization…

Microsoft Provides a Multilevel ApproachMicrosoft Provides a Multilevel ApproachInfrastructureManagementApplicationsInteroperability

ManagementManagement Unified Physical and Virtual

Virtual MachinesVirtual Only

Migration Quick MigrationWAN Disaster Recovery

Live Migration ($$)Local Disaster Recovery ($$)

Guest Multi-processing 2/4-core support (free) 2/4-core ($$)

Large Memory Support 64 GB per VM 64 GB per VM

Architecture Support x86 & x64 x86 & x64

Hyper-VVMWare

ESX 3.5 Server

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20082008

Microsoft RoadmapWindows® Server RTM Hyper-V Release

Within 180 days of Windows Server 2008 RTMSystem Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Beta

Adds support for managing Hyper-VAdds support for managing VMware

Windows® Server Hyper-V RCWindows Server Hyper-V Beta

With Windows Server 2008 RTM

System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2007Support for Virtual Server

System Center Operations Manager 2007System Center Configuration Manager 2007System Center Data Protection Manager 2007Virtual Server R2 SP1

NowNow

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Microsoft Virtualization APIs

Virtual Server COM Interfacehttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb309134(VS.85).aspx

Virtual Hard Disk Formathttp://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver/techinfo/vhdspec.mspx

Beta Hyper-V WMI Provider APIshttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc136992(VS.85).aspx

Beta Hyper-V Hypercall Interfacehttp://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=91E2E518-C62C-4FF2-8E50-3A37EA4100F5&displaylang=en

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Online ResourcesMicrosoft Virtualization Home

http://www.microsoft.com/virtualization

Windows Server Virtualization Blog Sitehttp://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/default.aspx

Windows Server Virtualization TechNet Sitehttp://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/servermanager/virtualization.mspx

Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Release Candidatehttp://support.microsoft.com/kb/949219

Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V RC Installation Guidehttp://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv-install.aspx

System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Betahttp://connect.microsoft.com

www.microsoft.com/teched Tech·Talks Tech·Ed BloggersLive Simulcasts Virtual Labs

http://microsoft.com/technet

Evaluation licenses, pre-released products, and MORE!

Resources for IT Professionals

Resources

For virtualizationEventsWhitepapersDownloadsCase Studies

Visit: www.microsoft.com/virtualization

1 Year 1 Year Subscription!Subscription!

Complete anComplete anevaluation evaluation ononCommNet CommNet andandenter to win!enter to win!

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© 2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.

The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after

the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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