1 Groundwater Exploration

8/18/2019 1 Groundwater Exploration

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GROUNDWATEREXPLORATION

Vincent W. Uhl

UHL & Associates, Inc

Lambertville, New Jersey

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Project Context he !rst ste" in the e#"loration "rocess is to$e!ne the basic "arameters o% what the "roectnee$s to accom"lish, inclu$in'(

). *resent an$ "re$icte$ %uture "o"ulation to beserve$ an$ $aily $eman$ %or $rin+in' watersu""ly an$ other uses

-. Lan$ area to be irri'ate$, i% a""licable an$

. he $esire$ water /uality re/uirements %or theinten$e$ use0s1.


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Project Categories

2roun$water e#"loration "roects 'enerally %all into oneo% three cate'ories, involvin' increasin' levels o% e3ort(

1. SMALL 4 5itin' o% a sin'le low4 or me$ium4ca"acitywell %or a villa'e, town, in$ustry, or commercial use.

2. MEDIUM 4 5itin' o% lar'e4ca"acity munici"al an$

irri'ation wells or well!el$s.3. LARGE 4 6#"loration o% a relatively lar'e re'ion %or

'roun$water resource assessment an$ $evelo"mentevaluation %easibility.


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Phased Exploration Approach

2roun$water 6#"loration *roects are classically

im"lemente$ in three "rinci"al *hases(

*hase I 4 7es+to" 5tu$ies

*hase II 4 2roun$ Investi'ations

*hase III 4 6#"loration 7rillin' *ro'rams


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Phase I – Desktop Studies

Literature 8eview an$ Interviews 0Local 9nowle$'e1Hy$ro'eolo'ists:Water 6n'ineers

7rillers

Water utility o"erators

o"o'ra"hic an$ 2eolo'ic ;a"s

2roun$water Availability ;a"s

Aerial *hoto'ra"h Analysis 4


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Multi-Disciplinary Naturearge ground!ater exploration projects are generally "ulti-disciplinary

and can in#ol#e experts $ro" the $ollo!ing $ields%

Geologists/Hydrogeologists

Surface-Water Hydrologists and Geomorphologists

Remote Sensing Experts (Satellite Imagery & GIS

Geophysicists

Geochemists

!otanists


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Topographic Map Anal!i!


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&ydrogeologic Map


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'racture (race Analysis


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.8emote

5ensin'


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Pha!# 2 & Gro'n( S)'(i#!

Hy$ro'eolo'ic 8econnaissance = Inventory o%

6#istin' Wells 0meet with well $rillers an$ wello"erators1

5ur%ace 2eo"hysical stu$ies

2roun$water A'e 7atin' 08e'ionalInvesti'ations1

I$enti!cation an$ ;a""in' o% >ontaminant


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)ell In#entory Details

Well >onstruction

?iel$ $etails = o%ten run short term "um"in'tests


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*um" 6/ui"ment urbine

*um"


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*eophysical Studies


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*round *eophysics +(EM,


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Conta"ination Source In#entory


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Pha!# 3 & E*plora)ion Drilling est Well $rillin' "ro'rams

*um"in' testsIn$ivi$ual well tests

A/ui%er tests

Water uality 5am"lin'

Im"act Assessment(8echar'e sustainability evaluation

Im"acts to other 'roun$water users

5alt4water intrusion "otential

;o$ellin'


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Drilling Progra"s8i'


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Pu"ping (ests.


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Pu"ping (ests


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)ater uality (esting

,on)a-inan)

WO g'i(#lin# /al'#

Ma0or #al)h E#c)!

To)al Di!!ol/#(

Soli(! $TDS%

B),CCC m':L a!#( on )h# pala)a"ili) o 4a)#r

5l'ori(# B).D m':L D#n)al an( !6#l#)al 7'oro!i!

Ni)ra)# a! NO3 BDC m':L M#)ha#-oglo"ina#-ia $"l'# "a" !n(ro-#%

Ar!#nic BC.C)C m':L S6in8 "la((#r an( l'ng canc#r

5#cal $E. coli%

"ac)#ria

Nil Ga!)roin)#!)inal (i!)r#!!8 in)#!)inal in#c)ion!


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I"pact Assess"ent

8echar'e sustainability evaluation

Im"acts to other 'roun$water usersWater level im"acts 0%rom a/ui%er tests1

;ovement o% contaminants 0mo$ellin'1

5alt4water intrusion "otential


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Conta"ination Source In#entory


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Single (o!n.Industrial.Co""ercial Supply )ell

Loo+ into local water4su""ly:well history.

o"o'ra"hic, 'eolo'ic, an$ hy$ro'eolo'ic ma" analysis.

7etaile$ site visit to inventory an$ ma" "otential contaminationsources.

Aerial "hoto'ra"h e#amination an$ $elineation o% %racture traces0%or be$roc+ well sitin'1.

A""lication o% sur%ace 'eo"hysics to(2roun$4truth the %racture traces 0be$roc+ well1.

7etermine the nature o% the subsur%ace materials 0san$ & 'ravel, siltor clay1 an$ the saturate$ thic+ness 0unconsoli$ate$ well1.

Assess the $e"th to the brac+ish or saline 'roun$water inter%ace0unconsoli$ate$ an$ be$roc+ wells1, i% warrante$.


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(o!n./r0an )ells – S"all to Mediu"-Si1e Project Areas

8eview e#istin' stu$ies an$ re"orts that a$$ress well4!el$ o"erations

an$ "ro$uction well $etails 0construction, yiel$s, water /uality,o"erational history, "roblems1.

o"o'ra"hic, 'eolo'ic, an$ hy$ro'eolo'ic ma" analysis.

Lan$ use ma""in' to i$enti%y +nown or "otential 'roun$water

contamination sources.

In$ivi$ual well:well !el$ sitin' usin' aerial "hoto'ra"h analysis

0be$roc+ a/ui%ers1 an$ sur%ace 'eo"hysics.

6#"loration test well $rillin' a/ui%er tests an$ water /uality sam"lin'.

2roun$water resource sustainability evaluation = rechar'e assessment


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."han# $ou

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