11

FUNCTIONS OF PLASMA FUNCTIONS OF PLASMA PROTEINSPROTEINS

Dr. B. L. MtinangiDr. B. L. MtinangiDepartment of PhysiologyDepartment of Physiology

University of Dar es SalaamUniversity of Dar es Salaam

November,November, 2015 2015

22

PLASMAPLASMA

Is an extracellular fluid in the Is an extracellular fluid in the INTRAVASCULAR compartmentINTRAVASCULAR compartment

A straw coloured fluid at the top after A straw coloured fluid at the top after centrifugation of uncoagulated bloodcentrifugation of uncoagulated blood

Contain 7% proteinContain 7% protein Normal total plasma protein is about 7-Normal total plasma protein is about 7-

7.5g/dl and Albumin is about 4.8gm%, 7.5g/dl and Albumin is about 4.8gm%, Globulin-2.3gm%, Fibrinogen- 0.3gm% & Globulin-2.3gm%, Fibrinogen- 0.3gm% & Protrombin 0.03gm%Protrombin 0.03gm%

33

PLASMA COMPOSITIONPLASMA COMPOSITION

Water is about 91% to 92%Water is about 91% to 92% Inorganic substances Na+, Ca2+ Inorganic substances Na+, Ca2+

Cl-,K+ etcCl-,K+ etcOrganic substances like Amino acids Organic substances like Amino acids

( AA), Glucose, Free Fatty Acids etc( AA), Glucose, Free Fatty Acids etc Internal secretion like hormones, Internal secretion like hormones,

enzymes, antibodies etc enzymes, antibodies etc

44

SERUMSERUM

Serum is a clear fluid from the Serum is a clear fluid from the clotted blood ie Plasma without some clotted blood ie Plasma without some clotting factors or clotting factors or

A clear fluid at the top after A clear fluid at the top after centrifugation of coagulated bloodcentrifugation of coagulated blood

55

SOME SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS OF SOME SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS OF PLASMA PROTEINSPLASMA PROTEINS

Maintainance of Colloid Osmotic Pressure Maintainance of Colloid Osmotic Pressure ie Plasma Colloid Osmotic Pressure ie Plasma Colloid Osmotic Pressure especially albumin (PCOP)especially albumin (PCOP)

Maintainance of PH and electrolytes Maintainance of PH and electrolytes balancebalance

Transport of metal ions e.g copper, iron Transport of metal ions e.g copper, iron etc.etc.

Transport of fatty acids, Steroids, Transport of fatty acids, Steroids, hormones & drugs hormones & drugs

66

COMPOSITION OF PLASMA COMPOSITION OF PLASMA PROTEINPROTEIN

Plasma protein is mainly composed ofPlasma protein is mainly composed of::Albumin for Plasma colloidal Albumin for Plasma colloidal

osmotic pressure (PCOP)osmotic pressure (PCOP)Fibrinogen and other clotting Fibrinogen and other clotting

factors like prothrombin etcfactors like prothrombin etcGlobulins: subtypes alpha1 & 2, Globulins: subtypes alpha1 & 2,

beta 1 & 2, and gamma beta 1 & 2, and gamma globulins globulins for body immunityfor body immunity

77

METHODS OF PLASMA PROTEIN METHODS OF PLASMA PROTEIN SEPARATIONSEPARATION

COMMON METHODS of protein COMMON METHODS of protein separation into albumin, fibrinogen, separation into albumin, fibrinogen, alpha, beta and gamma globulinsalpha, beta and gamma globulins

Paper electrophoresisPaper electrophoresisUltracentrifugationUltracentrifugationAffinity chromatographyAffinity chromatographyFractional precipitation methodFractional precipitation method Immune electrophoresisImmune electrophoresis

88

SEPARATION CONT.SEPARATION CONT.

For example Electrophoresis For example Electrophoresis separation pattern depends on:separation pattern depends on:

SizeSize ShapeShape CompositionComposition Physiological function of each Physiological function of each plasma proteinplasma protein

99

SPECIFIC PLASMA PROTEINSPECIFIC PLASMA PROTEIN

Plasma Albumin.Plasma Albumin.Forms 60% total plasma proteinsForms 60% total plasma proteinsNormal value 3.4 to 4.5g/dlNormal value 3.4 to 4.5g/dlResponsible for 80% PCOPResponsible for 80% PCOPActs as a carrier of e.g bilirubin and Acts as a carrier of e.g bilirubin and

drugsdrugsSynthetized in the liverSynthetized in the liverMolecular Weight (MW). 69000Molecular Weight (MW). 69000

1010

PLASMA GLOBULINSPLASMA GLOBULINS

Plasma Globulins stands for alpha1, Plasma Globulins stands for alpha1, alpha2, beta and gammaglobulins.alpha2, beta and gammaglobulins.

alpha1 globulins is a glycoprotein alpha1 globulins is a glycoprotein which binds two thirds of glucose.which binds two thirds of glucose.

Alpha2 globulins consists of Alpha2 globulins consists of haptoglobin which binds free haptoglobin which binds free haemoglobin and ceruloplasmin haemoglobin and ceruloplasmin which binds copperwhich binds copper

Beta globulins has MW 90,000Beta globulins has MW 90,000

1111

GLOBULINS CONTGLOBULINS CONT..

beta globulins is a lipoprotein a beta globulins is a lipoprotein a protein that carries LIPIDS (75%) and protein that carries LIPIDS (75%) and polysaccharides.polysaccharides.

It also binds and transport IRONIt also binds and transport IRONgamma globulins (MW 156,000) it is gamma globulins (MW 156,000) it is

for IMMUNOGLOBULINS for IMMUNOGLOBULINS (antibodies ) ie it is responsible for (antibodies ) ie it is responsible for body protection and defence body protection and defence

1212

FIBRINOGENFIBRINOGEN

Fibrinogen:Fibrinogen:Is a plasma clotting factorIs a plasma clotting factorManufactured in the liverManufactured in the liverNormal value is 4% to 6% of Normal value is 4% to 6% of

total plasma proteintotal plasma protein

1313

SUMMARY OF PLASMA PROTEINSSUMMARY OF PLASMA PROTEINS

Exerts Colloid Osmotic PressureExerts Colloid Osmotic PressureViscosity of blood ie 50% is due to plasma Viscosity of blood ie 50% is due to plasma

proteins and 50% due to Rbcsproteins and 50% due to RbcsRole in coagulation of bloodRole in coagulation of bloodActs as buffers ie contribute 15% of the Acts as buffers ie contribute 15% of the

buffering power of bloodbuffering power of bloodTransport function ie Oxygen combines Transport function ie Oxygen combines

with haemoglobin & COwith haemoglobin & CO2 2 combines with combines with plasma proteinsplasma proteins

Defence function eg gamma globulinsDefence function eg gamma globulins

Thank you