1. Final grades (100 points) 60%

Attendance 10% Absent -2 points Late -1 point Business -1 point Sick -1 point

In-class performance 20% Homework 30%

5 assignments (6 points for each)

40% Final exam 30% Oral exam 10%

Chapter 1 Learn to Write

Lecture One:How to Write a Sentence

Part One: The Basics

A good sentence?

Inside a sentence

Sentence patterns

Standard English or Chinese English?

Sentence Structures FunctionFunctional Units

What is a good sentence?

Study the following sentences:

1. The number of motorcycles on the road this morning are unbelievable.

2. I love Beijing, it’s a beautiful city.

3. When Bob handed over the lap computer to Peter, he was not sure if it was in good condition.

4. There maybe other reasons for his behavior.

grammar

punctuation

meaning

diction

I. The criteria

1. Correct in grammar

2. Right in punctuation

3. Clear in meaning

4. Good in diction

Class workRevise the following sentences:

1. They prefer to stay at home watch TV, because they think go to the movie will cost a lot of money.

2. The best solution to the traffic problem in big cities like Shanghai is build subways.

3. There are many people take part in sports now.4. Take a part-time job can provide college students

experience as well as money.5. Now young people go abroad for studies is not very

difficult.6. Although difficulties are exist, we can try to overcome

them.

Inside a sentence

1. Sentence structures

1) Basic sentence structures

Study the following sentences

1. I am speaking.

2. I study English.

3. He gives me a book.

4. We call him John.

5. I am a student.

6. I am happy.

7. We find the work difficult.

S + V

S+V+O

S+V+O²+O¹

S+V+O+OC

S+LV+N

S+LV+A

S+V+O+A

3 ） Function

(1) Please tell her as soon as you see her.

(2) I became interested in insects when I was six.

(3) Students are forbidden the use of that computer.

(4) They tried to persuade her to go with them.

(5) I saw them playing under the big peach tree.

(6) Honestly speaking, I don’t like it at all.

3 ） Function

Subject, predicate, object

Attribute, adverbial, independent element

4 ） Functional units

(1) He came back already.

(2) He came back after ten.

(3) He came back after he had finished the work.

(4) Having finished the work, he came back.

4 ） Functional units:

Word

Phrase

Clause

Class workTranslation ：

中国地大物博，历史悠久，人口众多。

爹上班去了，妹不在家，妈刚找到工作，还得过一个小时才下班。

China has a vast territory, abundant resources ， a long history and a large population.

Dad was at work, my sister was away, and Mother wouldn’t be home from her new job for an hour.

II. The basics

2. Four sentence patterns:

Simple

Compound

Complex

Compound complex

Study the following sentences.

John loves Mary.

John loves Mary and gives her money.

John and Cliff love Mary and her sister

( and give them money).

John loves Mary, but she doesn’t love him.

Finally John persuaded Mary to marry him

for he is a charming persistent young man.

Simple

Simple

Simple

Compound

compound

Study the following sentences.

1. The wind is blowing; the lightning flashing; the thunder roaring; the rain pouring down; the earth rocking.

2. Although John loves Mary, she does not love him.

3. Whatever happens, my heart will go on.

Compound

complex

complex

4. When heavy rain comes, the streams rise; and farmers know that there will be floods.

5. The neighborhood that Henry grew up in was fairly prosperous, but it was by no means wealthy.

Compound complex

Compound complex

Sentences: short or long? Combine the sentences.

Many rivers are so seriously polluted. There is no fish. There is no clean water.

In school, we work mainly with our brains. Sports must be given more attention.

Many rivers are so seriously polluted that there is no fish nor clean water can be found.

In school where we work mainly with our brains, sportsmust be given more attention.

We can use our own money. Using the money we can go traveling. We can buy things we like, we needn’t take money from our parents.

They don’t know how to form their own opinions. Teachers should develop students’ ability of thinking independently.

We can use our own money when we want to go traveling or buy things we like, instead of taking money from our patents.

As They don’t know how to form their own opinions, teachers should develop students’ ability of thinking independently.

Standard English or Chinese English?

We took off clothes, put down books and are

ready to go to bed.

French cook is much better than English.

… nothing could prevent him from improving

his oral English, Don’t you believe ? Just try!

∧∧

∧ ∧

our our

me

∧

The the

∧

it

The movie made me disappointed.

We Chinese respect knowledge and love learning.

TV can widen our eyes.

The movie disappointed me.

We Chinese show a high respect for learning and a love of knowledge.

Watching TV can broaden our mind/widen our horizon.

The chief reason for the change have five points.

There are five main reasons for the change. Some natural resources such as oil and coal will be used up after 50 years. in

Homework

Write a brief introduction about yourself. Your background (family, hometown, etc.) Your hobbies Your dream