1 EUROTRANS DM1 Safety Meeting, 27-28 November, 2008, FZK, RFA FI6W-CT-2004-516520: Integrated...

1CEA/DEN/DER Gérald Rimpault EUROTRANS DM1 Safety Meeting, 27-28 November, 2008, FZK, RFA

FI6W-CT-2004-516520: Integrated Project on European Transmutation (EUROTRANS)

Safety coefficients and sub-criticality levels

EFIT and XT-ADS

Gérald Rimpault,Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA) Cadarache Center

[email protected]

EUROTRANS DM1 Safety Meeting27-28 November, 2008

FZK , RFA



He-EFIT Core Neutronic characteristics (25/11/08)

Results with ERANOS2.1 using JEFF3.1

Gérald Rimpault, Julian Murgatroyd, Frédéric Jean



He-EFIT Core Lay out

Inner core [186]

Outer core [180]

Shutoff rod [12]

Reflector [150]

Shield [270]

Outer spallation module [12]

Inner spallation module [7]

Inner core [186]

Outer core [180]

Shutoff rod [12]

Reflector [150]

Shield [270]



Inner core [186]

Outer core [180]

Shutoff rod [12]

Reflector [150]

Shield [270]





New Core Design – Detailed Characteristics (1/2)

EFIT Type He-EFIT Thermal Power (MWth) - Volumic Power 400 - 55 MW/m3 Coolant Type He Coolant Pressure (bar) 70 Inlet Temperature (°C) 350 Outlet Temperature (°C) 572 Plant Efficiency 43.3 % - Indirect S-CO2 cycle with re-compression Cladding Type - Thickness SiC/SiCf -Thickness = 1 mm Spallation module Solid W He cooled Accelerator LINAC - E = 800 MeV - I = 24 mA

Zone 1 (Inner) 2 (Outer) Matrix Type MgO MgO Matrix Fraction 45% 45%

Core Geometry Number of fissile sub-assemblies 186 180 Fissile Height (H) 1.25 m 1.25 m Wrapper Width over outer Flats 137 mm 137 mm Wrapper Thickness 4.0 mm 4.0 mm Inter-Wrapper Gap 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Coolant Volumic Fraction (%) 44.75% 37.19% Fuel + Matrix Volumic Fraction (%) 21.70% 34.98% Structure Volume Fraction (%) 33.56% 27.83%



New Core Design – Detailed Characteristics (2/2)

Zone 2 (Intermediate) 3 (Outer) Sub-Assembly Bundle Geometry

Number of Pin rows per S/A - Pin per S/A 8- 217 5 - 91 Pin outer Diameter 6.87 mm 11.57 mm Pitch 8.60 mm 13.20 mm Pellet/Cladding Gap 0.081 mm 0.160 mm Pellet Diameter 4.71 mm 9.25 mm

Core Thermal-Hydraulics Average Coolant Speed in the Fissile Core 35 m/s 45 m/s Max Pin Linear Power 72 W/cm 171 W/cm Total Core Pressure Drop 0.74 Bar 1.01 Bar

Hottest Channel Thermics Max Cladding Temperature in the Hottest Channel

700 °C 711 °C

Max Fuel Temperature in the Hottest Channel 950 °C 1310 °C

Under nominal conditions :Large Margins on cladding temperature (120O °C under normal operating conditions)Fuel max. temperature (1380 °C) respect the design criteriaTo be cross-checked with CATHARE



Helium

Accelerator + Protons beam

He-Water HX + Blower

Pump

Hot Water

Hot He

Cold He

Air-Water HX

Air

HD

HR

Core

DHR System

PCS

Decay Heat Removal Systems

1054 mm

Ø 3100 mm

Ø 800 mm

89.6 mm

IHX Design

Blowers Design



Justification of He-EFIT operation reactivity

(pcm)

keff

Safety limit - 0.99

Core compaction 905 0.9812

Target removal 82 0.9804

Void effect 502 0.9756

handling error 410 0.9717

Cold state limit (20°C) - 0.9717

Hot zero power limit (100°C)

72 0.9711

Fuel expansion 169 0.9695

Doppler 99 0.9685

Doppler structure -21 0.9687

Axial expansion -66 0.9694

Radial expansion (diagrid)

72 0.9687

Nominal state limit - 0.9687



He-EFIT Feedback coefficients

KD

(pcm) BOC

BOC (pcm/°

C)

EOC (pcm/°

C)

Fuel expansion - -0.188 -0.166

Doppler -81 - -

Axial expansion - 0.249 0.314


- -0.288 -0.252

Axial expansion coefficient takes into account axial expansion and “doppler structure” effects. All feedback coefficients are negative

except for the axial expansion coefficient which is positive (SiC cladding).

Expansion of PuMAO2 much bigger than SiC in the temperature ranges of the system: Fuel expansion superseeds SiC axial expansion



XT-ADS CL-P0 Core Neutronic characteristics (13/11/08)


Gérald Rimpault, Frédéric Jean

Two XT-ADS data (CL-P0 Core) cores :

BOL Core : 68 S/A, Pth = 57 MW

BOC Core : 75 S/A, Pth = 57 MW



XT-ADS CL-P0 BOL Core : 68 S/A, Pth = 57 MW, Fresh Core

Spallation module [3]

Fuel assembly [68]

IPS [8]

Dummy assembly [62]

Reflector (steel) [45]


Fuel assembly [68]

IPS [8]

Dummy assembly [62]



Fuel assembly [68]

IPS [8]

Dummy assembly [62]




XT-ADS CL-P0 BOC Core : 75 S/A, Pth = 57 MW, Equilibrium Core


Fuel assembly [75]

IPS [8]

Dummy assembly [55]



Fuel assembly [75]

IPS [8]

Dummy assembly [55]



Fuel assembly [75]

IPS [8]

Dummy assembly [55]


12


CEA/DEN/DER Gérald Rimpault EUROTRANS DM1 Safety Meeting, 27-28 November, 2008, FZK, RFA

XT-ADS CL-P0 Core Neutronic characteristics (13/11/08)

1. XT-ADS data (CL-P0 Core) : Values at Room Temperature i.e. 20°C

d(U,Pu)O2 at 20°C = 10,55 g/cm3 (porosity = 0,9485)

2. XT-ADS data (CL-P0 Core) : Operating temperatures

3. K-Effective

Temperature (°C)

Fuel 875

Clad 384

Coolant 350

Hot zero power 200

Cold state 20

Operating conditions (Top)

Hot zero power (200°C)

Cold state (20°C)

CL-P0 "fresh core" (68 S/A) BOL

not linked 0.9377 0.9474 0.9550

linked 0.9389 0.9474 0.9550

CL-P0 "equilibrium core" (75 S/A) linked

BOC 0.9406 0.9487 0.9559

EOC 0.9286 0.9364 0.9435

13



XT-ADS data (CL-P0 Core) from room (20°C) to Operating temperatures:

•Material densities :

•Expanded Dimensions

ERANOS density (g/cm3)

Medium 20°C Top

FUEL 10,55 10,37

CLAD 7,77 7,674

COOLANT 10,34 9,965

ERANOS distance (cm)

Dimension (cm) 20°C Top

Core height 60 60.229

Lattice pitch 9.32 9.356

Pellet ext. radius 0.27 0.27105

Clad int. radius 0.28 0.28109

Clad ext. radius 0.3275 0.32877

Hex. Tube Int. pitch 8.92 8.9546

Hex. Tube Int. pitch 9.32 9.356



Feedback coefficients : Theory

Doppler effectAbsorption and fission resonance widening.

Fuel expansion

Axial expansionSodium expansion

Spectrum effect + Leakage effect + CaptureSteel expansion

Axial expansion + Radial expansion

Diagrid effect Diagrid expansion

Differential expansion Core, vessel, rods expansion

15



XT-ADS Core BOL (68 S/A)

Feedback calculations results (linked / not linked) :

Linked calculation Non-linked calculation

Core state (pcm)

(pcm)keff (pcm)

(pcm)

keff

Operating state (Top) -6512 0,9389 -6646 0,9377

Feedback effects

(200°C --> Tnom)

Coolant expansion

-6158 -354 0,9420 -6291 -355 0,9408

Fuel expansion -6512 0 0,9389 -6465 -181 0,9393

Doppler -6196 -316 0,9417 -6328 -318 0,9405

Doppler structure -15 -6631 -15 0,9378

Axial expansion -6451 -86 0,9394 -6633 -42 0,9378


-6383 -129 0,9400 -6517 -129 0,9388

-900 -1040

Hot zero power (200°C) -5551 -961 0,9474 -5548 -1098 0,9474

Cold state (20°C) -4707 -1805 0,9550 -4707 -1939 0,9550

16



XT-ADS Core BOC/EOC (75 S/A)

Feedback calculations results (linked) :

BOC EOC

Core state (pcm)

(pcm)keff (pcm)

(pcm)

keff

Operating state (Top) -6314 0,9406 -7691 0,9286

Feedback effects

(200°C --> Tnom)

Coolant density -5982 -332 0,9436 -7354 -337 0,9315

Fuel expansion -6314 0 0,9406 -7691 0 0,9286

Doppler -6000 -314 0,9434 -7373 -318 0,9313

Doppler structure -15 -15

Axial expansion -6256 -83 0,9411 -7633 -84 0,9291


-6185 -129 0,9418 -7560 -131 0,9297

-873 -885

Hot zero power (200°C) -5408 -906 0,9487 -6788 -903 0,9364

Cold state (20°C) -4609 -1705 0,9559 -5986 -1705 0,9435

17



XT-ADS Core BOL (68 S/A) and BOC/EOC (75 S/A)

Feedback coefficients calculation :

BOL BOC/EOC linkedSCK-CEN

results

T1 (°C) T2 (°C) K (pcm) linked (pcm/°C)

non linked

(pcm/°C)

K BOC (pcm)

BOC (pcm/°C)

EOC (pcm/°C)

(pcm/°C)K (pcm)

Coolant density 200 350 - -2,360 -2,367 - -2,213 -2,247 -2,36

Fuel expansion 200 875 - 0,000 -0,268 - 0,000 0,000 -

Doppler 200 875 -356 - - -354 - - -370

Axial expansion 200 350 - -0,673 -0,380 - -0,653 -0,660 -0,93


200 400 - -0,645 -0,645 - -0,645 -0,655 -

Gert currently checking his results for Axial Expansion

18




Reactivity void effects :

H void (cm)target (3

S/A)ring 1 (9

S/A)rings 1&2 (21

S/A)rings 1-3 (41

S/A)

0 0 0 0 0

10 26 114 184 0

20 40 209 358 78

30 2 252 439 64

40 -125 218 376 -125

50 -372 85 119 -574

60 -761 -177 -413 -1430

XT-ADS - CL-P0 Core at BOL (68 S/A)Void effect on reactivity

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

0

500

1000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

H void (cm)

(pcm

)

target (3 S/A)

ring 1 (9 S/A)

rings 1&2 (21 S/A)

rings 1-3 (41 S/A)

19




keff safety limits calculation (not linked) :

(pcm) keff

Safety limit - 0,99

Core compaction 1862 0,9721

Max Void effect 439 0,9680

Cold state limit (20°C) - 0,9680

Hot zero power limit (200°C) 841 0,9601

Coolant expansion 355 0,9569

Fuel expansion 181 0,9552

Doppler 318 0,9523

Doppler structure 15 0,9522

Axial expansion 42 0,9518

Radial expansion (diagrid) 129 0,9506

Nominal state limit - 0,9506



Pb-EFIT CERCER Core Neutronic characteristics (26/11/08)


Gérald Rimpault, Frédéric Jean

21



Pb-EFIT CERCER Core BOL

Reactivity void effects :

H void (cm)target

(19 S/A)ring 1

(18 S/A)rings 1 & 2

(42 S/A)rings 1 to 3

(72 S/A)rings 1 to 4 (108 S/A)

rings 1 to 5 (150 S/A)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

15 4 89 367 901 1603 2170

30 36 192 794 1903 3261 4310

45 63 280 1175 2767 4612 5998

60 72 342 1451 3378 5537 7143

75 62 367 1576 3661 5969 7700

90 30 339 1483 3483 5732 7469

Pb-EFITVoid effect on reactivity

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

H void (cm)

(pc

m)

target (19 S/A)

ring 1 (18 S/A)

rings 1 & 2 (42 S/A)




90 cm H void 90 cm H void

Target void Core rings void

Target Core Target Core

90 cm H void 90 cm H void

Target void Core rings void

Target Core Target Core



Pb-EFIT Core

keff safety limits proposal from ANSALDO



Pb-EFIT CERCER Core

keff safety limits results

(pcm) keff

Safety limit - 0.99

Core compaction 1416 0.9763

Max Void effect 7 S/A 387 0.9726

Cold state limit (20°C) - 0.9726

Hot zero power limit (200°C) 110 0.9716

Coolant expansion -97 0.9725

Doppler 28 0.9723

Doppler structure 14 0.9721

Axial expansion 35 0.9718

Radial expansion (diagrid) 126 0.9706

Nominal state limit - 0.9706

Under revision with 380°C as « Hot zero power temperature »

Need to be discussed

Maximum value => enveloppe case

Pb plays a shock absorber role



Pb-EFIT CERCER Core

Feedback Coefficients

Coolant expansion under scrutiny

(core, reflector, density, expansion coefficient…)

Massimo Sarotto made the calculation with a variation of 10% in Pb density, only in the active zone. That accounts for -48 pcm/ % density.

KD (pcm)

BOC BOC

(pcm/°C) EOC

(pcm/°C)

Coolant expansion - 0.404 0.338

Doppler -31 - -

Axial expansion - -0.204 -0.213


- -0.630 -0.615



Extra Viewgraphs



Feedback coefficient calculations

•Références: Notes techniques CEA: M.Vanier, JC Klein (SMFR)Thèse CEA Na Byung Chan, 1996

•Doppler effect :

•Others feedback : linear variation :

•Coolant expansion :

1

2D

D

T

Tln

KTT

K

conc%1

conc%1 T

1

T

conc

concTk

Cool%1CoolCool

Coolc99.0c

3

0

Cool3Cool0

300k

300

1c

cT

1T1cc

0



•Steel expansion: Axial:

Radial:

•Fuel expansion:

i = Fuel if not linked, i = steel if linked

•Diagrid effect:

steel%1steelaxial_steel 100k

Cool

steelCool%1steelradial_steel V

V200k

Dopplersteelheight%1fuel%1ifuel 100k

Cool%1

Cool

Coolabs%1Fuel%1steel%1fis_R%1steelsom V

V12100k

Feedback coefficient calculations

28



CONDITIONS_DE_FONCTIONNEMENT MILIEU (EDL_MILSTD) REFERENCE_UNIT 'BBL_REF' DILATATION RADIALE 400.0 'MSTRU' AXIALE 350.0 'MSTRU' CALCUL LIE TEMPERATURE COMBUSTIBLE 875.0 FERTILE 384.0 STRUCTURE 384.0 CALOPORTEUR 350.0 ABSORBANT 384.0

Feedback calculation method :

Radial expansion (400°C 200°C)

Axial expansion (350°C 200°C)

Fuel expansion (875°C 200°C)

Linked/not linked calculation

Axial expansion (384°C 200°C)

Coolant expansion (350°C 200°C)

CELLULE 'CCOMB' EDITION MINI 'ASSEMBLAGE COMBUSTIBLE 1 INITIAL'TEMPERATURE 1 (TSTRU) 2 (TSTRU) 3 (TCALO) 4 (TCOMBDOP) 5 (TCOMBDOP) 6 (TSTRU) 7 (TSTRU) 8 (TCALO) 9 (TCALO) 10 (TSTRU) 11 (TCALO)

ECCO calculation :

Doppler (TCOMBDOP = 200°C)

29




Feedback coefficients calculation :

Adding steel Doppler, Linked value become -0,673

Gert has found -0.93 and is currently checking his results for Axial Expansion

Using the « conditions de

fonctionnement » module i.e.

Operating conditions

Method with 1% density change and

1% height

Linked -0,407 pcm/°C -0,363 pcm/°C

Non linked -0,087 pcm/°C -0,341 pcm/°C



Pb-EFIT CERCER core

inner core: 42 assemblies; intermediate core: 66 assemblies; outer core: 72 assemblies,



Pb-EFIT CERCER core

towards CERMET Core

A Proposal

Inner + Intermediate CERCER CERMET

Number of Pin per S/A 169 91

Number of Pin rows per SA 7 5

Pin outer Diameter 8.62 mm 12.67 mm

Cladding Roughness Lisse Lisse

Pitch to Rod Ratio 1.58 1.46

Pitch (mm) 13.63 mm 18.46 mm

Hydraulic Diameter 8.64 mm 9.04 mm

Cladding Thickness 0.60 mm 0.60 mm

Pellet/Cladding Gap 0.160 mm 0.160 mm

Pellet Diameter 7.10 mm 11.15 mm

Coolant Fraction 54.0% 46.5%

Outer CERCER CERMET

Number of Pin per S/A 169 91

Number of Pin rows per SA 7 5

Pin outer Diameter 9.52 mm 13.99 mm

Cladding Roughness Lisse Lisse

Pitch to Rod Ratio 1.42 1.31

Pitch (mm) 13.54 mm 18.34 mm

Hydraulic Diameter 8.64 mm 9.04 mm

Cladding Thickness 0.60 mm 0.60 mm

Pellet/Cladding Gap 0.160 mm 0.160 mm

Pellet Diameter 8.00 mm 12.47 mm

Coolant Fraction 54.0% 46.5%

1 EUROTRANS DM1 Safety Meeting, 27-28 November, 2008, FZK, RFA FI6W-CT-2004-516520: Integrated...

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Transcript of 1 EUROTRANS DM1 Safety Meeting, 27-28 November, 2008, FZK, RFA FI6W-CT-2004-516520: Integrated...