1 Eric Rasmusen, [email protected] March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.
-
Upload
patience-bryant -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
1
Transcript of 1 Eric Rasmusen, [email protected] March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.
![Page 1: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
11
Eric Rasmusen, Eric Rasmusen, [email protected]@indiana.edu
March 10, 2014March 10, 2014
Graphs and Graphs and TablesTables
![Page 2: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
22
![Page 3: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
33
![Page 4: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
44Uniform Crime Reports: Crime in the United States, Section IV
![Page 5: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
55
http://rru.worldbank.org/Documents/PapersLinks/RI%20Final%20Guatemalai.pdf
How can this table be improved?
![Page 6: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
66
Principles of Tables Principles of Tables 1. Keep the data-to-ink ratio high.
2. Leave out dividing lines and boxes unless you have a good reason for them.
3. Leave off repetitive, useless numbers.
4. Don't use just capital letters.
5. Circle or otherwise mark important numbers, in particular, ones you mention in the text or talk.
6. Make the table self-contained. Don't require the reader to refer to the text or a previous table. Include the source and the units of measurement.
7. Number and title every table.
![Page 7: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
77
Mixed Graphics and TablesMixed Graphics and Tables
![Page 8: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
88
![Page 9: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
99
Govt. % of GDP
1970 and 1979
![Page 10: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1010
![Page 11: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
1111
Good GraphicsGood Graphics
![Page 12: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1212
Books by Edward TufteBooks by Edward Tufte
The Visual Display of Quantitative Information (1983) (pictures of numbers)
Envisioning Information (1990) (pictures of nouns)
Visual Explanations (1997) (pictures of verbs). Beautiful EvidenceA lot of this is from Tufte.
![Page 13: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1313
Anscombe’s Quartet: The summary statistics are all the same, but graphing them shows how they are different.
![Page 14: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1414
dfgdgfdfgdgf
![Page 15: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
1515
(1) Klass uses horizontal bars. Why?
(2) Why is the order of the countries not alphabetical?
![Page 16: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
1616
Note the “marginal distribution” on the axes.
![Page 17: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1717
Female cancer rates
Male cancer rates
What do these maps tell us?
![Page 18: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1818
Some Good Graphics
![Page 19: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
1919
http://www.bcg.com/publications/files/http://www.bcg.com/publications/files/Balancing_Act_Implementing_an_Integrated_Strategy_for_Value_Creation_Nov05.pdfBalancing_Act_Implementing_an_Integrated_Strategy_for_Value_Creation_Nov05.pdf
![Page 20: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
2020http://www.edwardtufte.com/tufte/minard
![Page 21: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
2121
http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0000SI&topic_id=1&topic=Ask%20E%2eT%2e
New York Times,New York Times, March 20, 2003, p. D1 March 20, 2003, p. D1
![Page 22: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2222
![Page 23: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2323
Bad Graphics Bad Graphics
![Page 24: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
2424
The Deceptive Use of Size
![Page 25: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
2525
![Page 26: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
2626
![Page 27: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
2727
![Page 28: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2828
A Moire pattern (“more- ay”)
![Page 29: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
2929
![Page 30: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
3030
![Page 31: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Pie Charts– bad 3DPie Charts– bad 3D
3131
![Page 32: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
3232
![Page 33: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
3333
http://rru.worldbank.org/Documents/PapersLinks/RI%20Final%20Guatemalai.pdfhttp://rru.worldbank.org/Documents/PapersLinks/RI%20Final%20Guatemalai.pdf
How can this map be improved?
![Page 34: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
3434
Principles of Graphs Principles of Graphs 1. Keep the data-to-ink ratio high. 2. Erase data-ink for useless data. 3. Erase non-data ink. 4. Don't use Moire patterns. 5. Use boxes and grids only if they help. 6. Don't use cute pictures that obscure what you are saying. 7. Consider labelling individual data points of special interest. 8. Write text horizontally, not vertically. 9. Make the figure self-contained. Don't require the reader to refer to the text or a previous table. Include the source and the units of measurement. 10. Number and title every figure.
![Page 35: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
FY07 Margin per Credit Hour137.31
103.63
69.99 69.84 68.8659.72 58.00
49.02
16.53 15.10
-90.25
-122.55
-327.04$(330)
$(280)
$(230)
$(180)
$(130)
$(80)
$(30)
$20
$70
$120
Med Sciences HPER COAS Business Optometry SPEA Other Academic
Education SLIS Journalism Law Music Informatics
A Chart with Vertical Bars, a Legend, and a Gray Background
![Page 36: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Scaling Effects: Did Scaling Effects: Did Unemployment Hardly Unemployment Hardly
Change?Change?
3636
![Page 37: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The Two-Axis Solution to The Two-Axis Solution to Scaling EffectsScaling Effects
3737
![Page 38: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
3838
Excel Charts Excel Charts
1. Don’t use a legend (side box with variables being graphed) without good reason. You can often put the variable and units of measurement in the title.
2. Don’t use sideways or vertical writing on the axes
3. Except for dates, use a comma to separate thousands (this is an Excel option under Number).
4. Don’t use a chart area border unless you have good reason.
http://www.rasmusen.org/g492/fed-debt-chart.xls/
![Page 39: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
3939
http://www.bcg.com/publications/files/http://www.bcg.com/publications/files/Balancing_Act_Implementing_an_Integrated_Strategy_for_Value_Creation_Nov05.pdfBalancing_Act_Implementing_an_Integrated_Strategy_for_Value_Creation_Nov05.pdf
![Page 40: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
4040
http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/pdf/nypdemergency.pdfhttp://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/pdf/nypdemergency.pdf
![Page 41: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
4141http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/pdf/nypdemergency.pdf
![Page 42: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
4242
![Page 43: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
4343
![Page 44: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
4444
![Page 45: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
4545
![Page 46: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
4646
![Page 47: 1 Eric Rasmusen, erasmuse@indiana.edu March 10, 2014 Graphs and Tables.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062719/56649ed35503460f94be2e6c/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
4747