Ecology

What is Classification

• arranging living organisms into

groups based on similarities in

structure, embryology, and DNA.

Why Classify Organisms

• Aiding the identification of species

• Shows evolutionary links

• Predicting characteristics shared by similar species

Species

• a group of organisms with similar characteristics

• can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. • DNA will also be very similar.

Binomial System

• 2 names are used to refer to each species

Genus Species Common Name

Apteryx australis Brown Kiwi

Apteryx haastii Great Spotted Kiwi

Apteryx owenii Little Spotted Kiwi

Kingdoms of Life

• Prokaryotae

• Prokaryote cells: – Unicellular– no nucleus– no organelles

Kingdoms of Life

• Protoctista

• Eukaryote cells– unicellular & simple multicellular– Nucleus– organelles

Kingdoms of Life

• Fungi

• Eukaryote cells– uni- to multicellular– Heterotrophs– mostly saprotrophs

Kingdoms of Life

• Plantae

• Eukaryote cells– Multicellular– Autotrophs– cellulose cell walls

Kingdoms of Life

• Animalia

• Eukaryote cells– multicellular– Heterotrophs– lack cell walls

Which Kingdom?

Plantae

Protista

Yeast (Fungi)

Mosquito (Animal)

Goldfish (Animal)

Seven Levels of Classification

• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species

• Kiwis• Play• Cricket• On• Flat• Green• Surfaces

Rules

1. Write Genus with capital letter, species small

2. Write Genus and species in italics

3. In an essay, once Genus name is written, can use capital letter only

4. Use sp. If species is unknown

Kiwi

• Kingdom: Animalia• Phylum: Chordata• Subphylum: Vertebrata• Class: Aves• Order: Struthioniformes• Family: Apterygidae• Genus: Apteryx• Species: Apteryx australis

Characteristics of Living Things

• Movement• Respiration• Sensitivity• Growth• Reproduction• Excretion• Nutrition

Other Terms

• Metabolism –

• Homeostasis –

• Adaptations –

• Ecological niche -