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Transcript of 1 Dr (Prof) A D Surridge Head: South African Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage Senior Manager:...
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Dr (Prof) A D SurridgeHead: South African Centre for Carbon Capture and StorageSenior Manager: South African National Energy Research Institutewww.sacccs.org.za
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South African Energy Chain
Main End Use – Electricity and Liquid Fuels
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SUPPLY TRANSFORM TRANSPORT END USE
Oil
Natural Gas
Coal
Gas
ElectricityEskomand Others
Coal
PetroSA
Export
Sasol
Road/Rail
Pipeline
Oil Refineries RailRoadPipeline
LiquidFuels
Biomass WoodPerson/Road
Hydro
Nuclear
Transmission Wires
“Washery”
Koeberg
Sasol
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Fossil Fuel Road Maps• Coal Road Map
• Joint Project – DoE and SA Industry• Phase I Ready for Release• Phase Final – Scheduled Mid-2012
• Liquid Fuels R&D Road Map• SANEDI Internal Framework Study Underway• Scheduled mid-2012
• Gas Road R&D Map• SANEDI Internal Framework Study Underway• Scheduled mid-2012
Road Maps include an R&D gaps analysis to indicate where development is needed
Coal is generally known - Oil/Gas unclear
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South Africa Carbon Dioxide Emissions Projection
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Energy & Environment
CCS is a Flagship Programme of the National Climate Change Response White Paper
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Principle
Extract Carbon Dioxide from Fossil Fuel UseElectricity Generation Stations [~12% CO2]
Synthetic Fuel Plants [~95% CO2]etc
Inject Carbon Dioxide back into Geological Formations [from whence the fossil fuel came]
Depleted Oil and Gas FieldsDeep Saline Aquifers
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Four Stages
SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG
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Stored Deep >800m
Cap-RockPorous Storage-Rock
Surface
SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG
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Permanency
Permanency Stages of Trapped CO2:
Structural Trapping Overlaying cap rock
Residual Trapping Tiny pores in rock – capillary pressure of water
Solubility Trapping Dissolve in saline water
Mineral Trapping React chemically with surrounding rocks – become part of rock
INC
RE
AS
ING
PE
RM
AN
EN
CY
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Geological Storage
StatoilHydro
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Permanency - Sleipner
StatoilHydro
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World Projects
SOURCE: CO2CRC/IEAGHG
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Technology Development
It is not a question as to whether the technology works
We know it worksBeen operating at many sites for decades
It is a scale-up issue
Integrity of Storage Site
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South African Centre for Carbon Capture & StorageEstablished 30Mar09
Core Parties
Participants
coal
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Charter Signing 27Mar09Minister Sonjica Presiding
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Time/Scale for Carbon Capture and Storage in South Africa
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Potential for Carbon Dioxide Storage in South Africa
Atlas indicated a Storage Potential: 150 Giga tonnes At an “effective level” 98% off-shore
Need: 4 Giga tonnes To store 40 million tonnes For 100 years
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Projects Currently Underway
• Scoping Study for Test Injection• Regulatory Requirements for Test Injection [Europe Aid/SACCCS Funded]• Zululand Basin Storage Potential [UK Funded]• Algoa Basin Storage Potential [Europe Aid/SACCCS Funded]• Geological Modelling of Storage Sites [Europe Aid/SACCCS funded]• Financial Opportunities for CCS in South Africa [Europe Aid/SACCCS funded]• Public Outreach Determination [World Bank Funded]• Definition of “Capture Readiness” Determination• Capacity Building:
• Five post-graduate bursaries• Post-primary Schools Science Expo
• Joint Industry Project – Techno-Economic Study [SACCCS/World Bank]• Collateral Benefits – Job Creation/preservation, industry development [CSLF]• CCS Week [SACCCSA/CSLF]
• The Department of Energy: Developing a Carbon Capture and StorageRegulatory Framework [World bank Funding]
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Critical Paths for Test Injection
Regulatory Requirements
Scoping Study
Zululand Basin PotentialAlgoa basin Potential
Test Injection
Business Plan
Storage Modelling
Site selection
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Permitting
I & II III
I & II III
I & II
I & II
Financed
Not Financed [exploration/drilling/Test Injection]
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Paradigm Change
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SUMMARY
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 5 Yr Est
Budget
Carbon Capture & Storage
Site Selectio
n
Business Plan
Permits Baseline
&Permits
Test Injection
R 721 M
Coal Road Map Road Map
Phase I
Road Map
Phase II
[R200k]
Clean Coal Tech CCT
CCTChair
CCT R&D
I
CCT R&D
II
CCT R&D
III
CCT R&DIV
R 144M
Oil Oil R&D Road Map
Oil R&DI
Oil R&DII
Oil R&DIII
Oil R&DIV
R 23M5
Gas Gas R&D Road Map
Gas R&D
I
Gas R&D
II
Gas R&D
III
Gas R&DIV
R 23M5
Over-Arching Outputs
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Full details available atwww.sacccs.org.za