1

Pierce County Juvenile Court

Disproportionate Minority Confinement

2

Provide information on how Pierce County established a DMC reduction agenda

Review lessons learned

Report out on areas of progress and areas still needing improvement

Today’s Agenda

3

Judicial Leadership

High Quality Technical Assistance and Training

-Annie E. Casey Foundation

-State AECF Team Leader

-Burns Institute

Funding from AECF, WA-PCJJ (formerly GJJAC)

Leadership and Support

4

Navigating difficult conversations about Racial and Ethnic Disparities (RED)

Effectively engaging communities of color and community based organizations

Fiscal pressures that aren’t in alignment with JDAI Principles

Progressing with Less

Strong Judicial leadership

Progressive culture

Engaged and active case processing group

Active community with a history of partnering

Results; Success breeds success

Challenges Strengths

5

Judicial Leadership – prioritizing and promoting the examination of racial disparities

Collaboration and partnerships important – community, prosecutor, defense, schools, etc.

Court must be committed and stay focused, this work is complex

“Learn, manage, improve" model

Stick to the principles of JDAI

Key Messages

6

Why is this important?

7

70%

11%

2%10%

7%

CaucasianAfrican AmericanNative AmericanHispanicAsian/Pac. Islander

Pierce County Youth Population, age 10 - 17

8

Average Daily Population 2000-2011

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

163 161

150 147

108

8274 74

65

47 4436

ADP OverallLinear (ADP Overall)ADP African Amer-icanADP Caucasian

9

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%56%

58%

54%56%

53% 52%

47% 46% 45%47%

41%

47%

25%27%

29%27%

30% 30%32%

34%36%

33%36% 33%

8% 7% 7% 8% 9%6% 8% 9% 8% 9%

12% 11%

7% 5% 6%4% 5% 6% 7% 7% 7% 7%

5% 3%4% 3% 5% 5%4% 5% 5% 4% 5%

4%5%

6%

Caucasian African American Linear (African American)Hispanic Asian/P.I. Native American

Race in Detention 2000-2011

10

2004 2006 2008 2010

Caucasian 11 8 8 7

African American 14 10 10 10

Hispanic 16 10 9 11

Asian/P.I. 10 15 10 13

Native American 12 12 11 7 2004 2006 2008 2010

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

African AmericanCaucasian

Average Length of Stay in Detention

11

African American youth are:

Referred at a rate that is 2.5 times higher than the rate of Caucasian youth

Brought to detention at a rate that is 3.4 times higher than Caucasian youth

Detained at a rate that is 3.6 times higher than Caucasian youth

Detained for a high DRAI score (over 10) at a rate that is 5.9 times more than Caucasian youth

Booked into detention for a B+ felony of higher at a rate that is 3.5 times higher than Caucasian youth

Committed to JRA at a rate that is 5.2 times higher than Caucasian youth

(2009 data)

What we know

12

First Reaction

13

Gather Data

Practice/Policy Recommendat

ions

Analyze with Staff

(DMC lens)

Implement and Monitor - Gather Data

Enhance/Modify Program to

Improve Outcomes

JDAI in Pierce County

14

Detention Risk Assessments, 2009

Detain2136

Release with Conditions (PRR)

332Release

412

High RAI Score479

Low & Moderate RAI1395

Policy Holds

(Special Detention)736 Policy Holds

(Overrides)

659

Federal Law0

State Law0

Local Policy736

PCJC Warrant300

Probation Violation190

Other143

Cannot locate parents298

Parents refused youth301

Other60

Court Detained262

Low= 241, Mod=7, High= 14

DV143

15

We predicted if we could impact Probation Violations, Warrants, Domestic Violence, and Parent Refusals, then we could impact detention admissions and bednights

At the same time, build on Evidence Based Programs to reduce recidivism

Setting goals

16

Goal: Reduce Detention

Admissions and Bednights for AA

youth

Reduce Failure to Appear Warrants

Reduce Probation Violations

Reduce Parent

Refusals

Increased Number

Served in FFT

Increase Number

Served in ART

Increase Number Served in Alternatives to Detention

Strategies to Reduce Detention Admissions and Bednights for African American Youth

17

DMC Reduction Strategies and Action Steps

GoalBaseline Data

(2007)Current Data

(2010)

1. Reduce AA Youth Failure to Appears (FTA) • Phone & In-Person Notification (Enhanced Oct. 08)• Two-Tier Warrant Process• Bench Warrant Quash Program (Started Oct. 09)

Increase attendance at court hearings to reduce detention admissions & LOS

Admissions – 130

% Admission – 28.8%

Bednights – 903% Bednights –

20.0%ALOS – 6.9 days

Admissions – 80% Admission – 25%Bednights – 563% Bednights – 31%ALOS – 5.8 days

2. Reduce AA Youth Violation Detention Episodes Standardize sanctions with supervisor staffings &

implement a staffing guide Utilize ATDs in lieu of detention New procedures for failure to reside

Reduce detention admissions & LOS for violations

Admissions – 95

% Admission – 33.5%

Bednights – 918% Bednights –

29.1%ALOS – 9.7 days

Admissions – 37% Admission – 28%Bednights – 149% Bednights – 20%ALOS – 5.9 days

(39% drop)

3. Reduce AA Parent Refusal Detention Overrides Survey why parents refuse to accept custody Teach Detention staff effective methods to engage

parents Develop alternatives in the community

Reduce the number of youth detained due to parents refusing to accept custody who are eligible for release

Admissions – 67

% Admission – 32%

Bednights – 163% Bednights –

27%

Admissions – 86% Admission – 28%Bednights – 363% Bednights – 33%

4. Increase the Number of AA Youth to Successfully Complete FFT Specialized FFT caseload for AA youth Enhance culturally competent instruction

Increase the number of AA youth served and successfully complete FFT

AA Youth Served – 41# Completed –

27% Completed –

66%# In/Out – 13 % In/Out – 24%

AA Youth Served – 50# Completed – 33% Completed – 66%# In/Out – 16 % In/Out – 24%

5. Increase the Number of AA Youth to Successfully Complete ART Reduce the barriers to participation (i.e. provide

transportation, increase motivation of youth) Increase the referral and retention rate

Increase the number of AA youth served and successfully complete ART

AA Youth Served – 36 # Completed –

23% Completed –

64%

AA Youth Served – 71 # Completed – 57% Completed – 80%

6. Increase Usage of Alternatives to Detention for AA Youth CDET, EHM, Weekend AD

Increase the number of AA youth served and successfully complete ADS

Of total youth served in ADS, % AA – 34% AA Youth Served – 402# Completed –

281% Completed –

70%

Of total youth served in ADS, % AA – 31% AA Youth Served – 215 # Completed – 160% Completed – 74%

18

DMC Reduction Strategies and

Action StepsGoal Baseline Data

(2007)Current Data

(2010)

Reduce AA Youth Failure to Appears (FTA)

• Phone & In-Person Notification (Enhanced Oct. 08)

• Two-Tier Warrant Process

• Bench Warrant Quash Program (Started Oct. 09)

Reduce detention admissions & LOS for violations

Admissions – 130 Admissions – 80

% Admissions – 28% % Admissions – 25%

Bednights – 903 Bednights – 563

% Bednights – 20% % Bednights – 31%

ALOS – 6.9 days

ALOS – 5.8 days

Strategy 1 – Reduce FTA’s

19

DMC Reduction Strategies and

Action StepsGoal Baseline Data

(2007)Current Data

(2010)

Reduce AA Youth Violation Detention Episodes

Standardize sanctions with supervisor staffings & implement a staffing guide

Utilize ATDs in lieu of detention

New procedures for failure to reside

Reduce detention admissions and LOS for violations

Admissions – 95 Admissions – 37

% Admissions – 34% % Admissions - 28%

Bednights – 918 Bednights – 149

% Bednights – 29% % Bednights – 20%

ALOS – 9.7 days ALOS – 5.9 days

Strategy 2 – Reduce Violations

20

Detained Youth 2007 2010 Reduction

# % # %

Detention Admits 887 31 572 30 36% decrease – 235 less admits

Bednights 9094 35 4579 35 50% decrease – 3451 less bednights

African American Youth DMC Reduction

21

Two Common Ways to Report Disproportionality

Rates of Disproportionality -- Tells us the extent of over- or under-representation of a population

Risk Ratio -- Tells us the relative disproportionality of one group compared to another group

22

Disproportionality Rate Calculation

A number less than 1 represents UNDER-representation; larger than 1=OVER-representation

State A % Child Pop

% FC Pop Rate

White 74% 64% 64/74=.86

Afr-Am 18% 32% 32/18=1.8

23

Risk Ratio Calculation

In this example, African American children are in foster care at a rate that is 2.2 times higher than the rate for White children

State A % Child Pop

% FC Pop

Rate Risk Ratio

White 74% 64% 64/74=.86

Afr-Am 18% 32% 32/17=1.9

1.9/.86=2.2

24

Year

Overall Youth

Detained

African American Detained

% African American Detained

Risk Ratio

2006 3104 958 31% 3.9

2009 2136 652 31% 3.6

Example

25

Risk Ratio – Warrants and PV’s

2006 2007 2008 20090

1

2

3

4

5

6

4.2

3.53.2

2.7

5.4

4.1 4.2

3.5

Warrant PV

26

Reducing racial disparities is very complex

Must focus on the principles of JDAI - leadership, collaboration, focused and intentional strategies, data driven decision making

To sustain the effort, must create a paradigm shift

It’s all about creating a fair and equitable system for the kids in our community

Summary

27

TJ Bohl Assistant Administrator – Probation

Pierce County Juvenile Courttbohl@co.pierce.wa.us

Kevin Williams JDAI Coordinator/Probation Supervisor

Pierce County Juvenile Courtkwillia@co.pierce.wa.us

Contact Information

28