ACTION PLAN FOR THE PROMOTION OF THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET MUNICIPALITY OF PYLOS-NESTOR.
1 DIET FOR CANCER PREVENTION TOTAL HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTION PROGRAM (PHASE IV)
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Transcript of 1 DIET FOR CANCER PREVENTION TOTAL HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTION PROGRAM (PHASE IV)
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DIET FOR CANCER PREVENTION
TOTAL HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTION PROGRAM
(PHASE IV)
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Single abnormal cell
multiply out of control
form tumors
invade healthy tissue
WHAT IS CANCER?
spreading to other parts of body
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When normal cells are damaged beyond repair, they are eliminated by apoptosis (A). Cancer cells avoid apoptosis and continue to multiply in an unregulated manner (B).
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CAUSES OF CANCER
Air pollution
Toxic chemicals
Food
Irradiation
Lifestyle
genetic
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Male female
Most common Cause of death Most common Cause of death
Prostate cancer (33%)
lung cancer (31%)
Breast cancer (32%)
lung cancer (27%)
lung cancer (13%)
Prostate cancer (10%)
lung cancer (12%)
Breast cancer (15%)
Colorectal cancer (10%)
Colorectal cancer (10%)
Colorectal cancer (11%)
Colorectal cancer (10%)
Bladder cancer (7%)
Pancreatic cancer (5%)
Endometrial cancer (6%)
Ovarian cancer (6%)
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CAUSES OF CANCER
80% of all cancers are due to identified factors potentially preventable
30% are due to tobacco use 35-50% of cancers directly linked to dietary
choices It is easy to control these and other risk
factors
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Cancer symptoms
1. Local symptoms: unusual lumps or swelling (tumor), hemorrhage (bleeding), pain
2. Symptoms of metastasis (spreading): enlarged lymph nodes, cough, enlarged liver, bone pain, fracture of affected bones and neurological symptoms.
3. Systemic symptoms:weight loss, poor appetite & wasting, excessive sweating (night sweats), anemia and specific paraneoplastic phenomena
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CAN CERTAIN FOODS PREVENT CANCER?
LUNG CANCER
• Smoking is mostly responsible
• Carotenoids in vegetables and fruits are clinically proven protective against lung cancer
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PROSTATECANCER
• Vegetables-soy in particular – may decreased the risk
• High fat diet may increased the risk
• Lycopene – a potent antioxidant may help lower the risk
CAN CERTAIN FOODS PREVENT CANCER?
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BREAST
CANCER
high level of estrogen during woman’s reproductive life increased the risk of breast cancer Diets high in mono-unsaturated fat and high in fibers may reduced the riskAlcohol consumption increases the risk
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BOWEL
CANCER
• Up to 70% of cases can be prevented by healthy lifestyle
• Physical activity and diet high in vegetables and fiber are protective against this cancer
• High red meat intake and alcohol may increase the risk
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Take a break !!
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GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR AN ANTI-CANCER DIET
1. Reduced unhealthy dietary fat
4. Limit or eliminate consumption of alcoholic beverages
6. Restrict sodium intake
2. Cut down on meat
5. Remove known carcinogens from diet
3. Eat plenty of fiber
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1. REDUCE UNHEALTHY DIETARY FAT Fat cell can split easily contribute to high
population of free radicals Free radicals damage the cell’s DNA structure
mutation can occur lead to formation and growth of cancerous cell
Saturated fat and trans fat are two most damaging fats
Primary source of saturated fat is animal products = meat, seafood, whole-fat milk & milk product, eggs
Trans fat (hydrogenated oils) come from heating vegetables oils (mainly in commercial prepared baked goods, margarines and processed foods)
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2. CUT DOWN ON MEAT
High level of fat consumption is related with highest death rates from breast and colon cancer
Limit consumption of meat esp. high fat meat (2-3 servings a day)
Choose white meat (fish and chicken) instead of red meat
Prepare meat by baking, broiling or poaching rather than frying or charbroiling
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3. EAT PLENTY OF FIBER
Fiber moves cancer-causing compounds out of the body
Also thought to dilute potential carcinogens and effect hormone production
Recommended 20-30 grams fiber per day Fiber only found in plant sources Eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each
day Vegetables contains cancer fighting substances =
antioxidant
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ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCES
Unstable oxygen molecules called free radicals attack cell membranes damage the DNA beginning of cancer
Antioxidants can neutralize the damaging effect of oxygen
Vitamin B,C, E, beta-carotene and selenium acts as antioxidant
Vegetables, fruits, grains and beans contain antioxidant
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4. LIMIT OR ELIMINATE CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
Higher risk of liver, breast, rectum, mouth, esophagus, digestive tract and lung cancer
Combination of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking has a synergistic effect more likely to cause cancer
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FOOD PYRAMID
Consume MOST(8-12
servings)
Consume More(3-5 servings)
Consume in MODERATION(1-2 Servings)
Consume LITTLE
Consume in MODERATION(1-2 Servings)
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Eat to meet your needs!
HEALTHY TIPFats and oils contain essential fatty
acids and vitamins A, D, E, K.
Consume LITTLE
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Consume in MODERATION (1-2 servings)
One Serving Equals …1 glass of milk1 cup yoghurt1 slice cheese
HEALTHY TIPMilk is an important part of a child's
diet
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One Serving Equals …1 medium-sized chicken drumstick
1 medium-sized ikan kembong2 matchbox-sized lean meat
5 dessert spoon headless ikan bilis
Note: One (1) matchbox lean meat= 1 piece tempeh
= 1 hard tauhu= 2 dsp peanut butter
= ½ cup dried legumes/beans= 4 dsp shelled small prawns
HEALTHY TIPCombining a variety of legumes gives you high quality protein.
Consume in MODERATION (2-3 servings)
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Consume More(3-5 servings)
One Serving Equals …½ medium-sized guava1 small to medium whole orange, pear or apple1 medium-sized banana1 slice papaya, pineapple, watermelon
HEALTHY TIPTake fruits as desserts to endeach meal in a healthier way.
One Serving Equals …½ cup cooked dark green leafy vegetables with edible stems½ cup cooked fruit or root vegetables
HEALTHY TIPDon’t destroy the vitamins in your vegetables with over-cooking.
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One Serving Equals …1 slice of wholemeal bread
½ cup cooked rice½ cup soaked bihun, mee or pasta
½ side-plate-sized capati1 cup plain rice porridge
½ cup ready-to-eat breakfast cereal1 medium-sized potato
3 plain biscuits
HEALTHY TIPChoose wholegrain cereal and cereal
products to help meet your fibre needs.
Consume MOST(8-12 servings)
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Take a break !!
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Activity 1:
1.Regarding to the Food Pyramid, make a menu for breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner
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5. REMOVE KNOWN CARCINOGENS FROM DIET
DID YOU KNOW WHAT IS
CARCINOGEN?
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CARCINOGENS
Cancer causing substances found in food and in method of cooking.
Attact DNA and alter it It takes years for a noticeable tumor to
develop During this time, compound known as
inhibitors can keep the cells from growing Some vitamins in plant foods are known to be
inhibitors.
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TIPS FOR AVOIDING CARCINOGENS
Avoid foods that look or smell moldy
Do not cook oils on high heat
Beware of cured, dried and
preserved meatsGo easy on the
barbecue
Steer clear of smoked foods
Buy organic if possible
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SPECIFIC FOODS HAVE THE MOST PREVENTATIVE EFFECT FOR CANCER
BEANS rich in fiber Contain several chemicals that boost immunity to cancer
CRUCIFEROUS VEGE (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower)
ability to stop the growth of cancer cellsDecreased risk for lung, stomach and colorectal cancers
DARK GREEN LEAFY VEGE
High in fiber, folate and antioxidants Carotenoids effective in inhibiting the formation of breast and skin cancer tumors
GRAPES high level of polyphenolSlow the growth of cancer cellsInhibit the formation of tumors in lymph, liver, stomach and breast cancer
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kale
CRUCIFEROUS VEGE
Bok choy
collard
arugala
watercress
broccoli
cauliflower
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GARLIC Natural antibiotic and immune system enhancerFree radical attackerIncreases the enzymes that break down carcinogens in the bodySlowing or stopping the growth of tumors
GREEN TEA Best source of catechinsInhibit specific enzyme that lead to cancerRepair cellular damage by free radicalsInhibit or block cancer development
TURMERIC Has an active ingredient called curcuminShown resistance to colon, breast, liver, oral, skin and stomach tumors
SPECIFIC FOODS HAVE THE MOST PREVENTATIVE EFFECT FOR CANCER
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SOY FOOD Contains phytoestogensWeaker form of estrogenReducing the probability of developing cancerProtect against breast cancerLow the risk of prostate cancer
TOMATOES Contain phytochemical lycopeneLower risk of cancer (prostate, stomach, lung)Highest anti-cancer potential when taken in a processed form (tomato sauce, paste and juice) because of easier absorption
YOGURT Reduced risks of breast and colon cancer
SPECIFIC FOODS HAVE THE MOST PREVENTATIVE EFFECT FOR CANCER
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MOST POTENT NUTRIENTS IN FIGHT AGAINST CANCER
NUTRIENT FOOD SOURCE
Vitamin A Fish liver oils, liver
Beta carotene Orange, yellow and dark green leafy vegetables
Vitamin B2 Whole and enriched cereals and breads, lean meat, milk, eggs, liver
Vitamin B6 As for vit.B2 and bananas
Folic acid Leafy green vegetables, meats
Pantothenic acid Legumes, salmon, whole grains
Vitamin C Citrus fruits, berries, broccoli, bell peppers
Vitamin E Leafy green vegetables, egg yolk, liver
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MOST POTENT NUTRIENTS IN FIGHT AGAINST CANCER
NUTRIENT FOOD SOURCE
Selenium Garlic, legumes, fish
Iron Liver, peas, egg yolk
Zinc Liver, oysters, soybeans, sunflower seeds
Magnesium Green leafy vegetables, nuts, seafood
Manganese Bananas, pineapple, nuts, bran
Protein Lean meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, legumes
Antioxidants Citrus fruits, legumes, whole grain
Phytonutrients All plant sources of food, especially dark and bright colored fruits and vegetables
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Take a break !!
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CONCLUSION
CANCER PROTECTIVE DIETS ARE BUILT FROM PLANT-
BASED FOODS:
Rich in complex carbohydrates, vitamin
and minerals
Rich in cancer fighting phytochemical
High in fiber
Naturally low in fat, salt and cholesterol-free
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CONCLUSION
Build your diet from a variety of
fruits, vegetables, grains and legumes
Include daily servings of bright-colored fruits and
vegetables and dark green leafy vegetables
Reduced foods from animal sources
Select foods low in fat and salt
Choose minimally-processed foods
STEPS YOU CAN TAKE TO MAXIMIZE THE CANCER
FIGHTING POWER OF YOUR DIET
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CONCLUSION
IMPORTANT STEPS TO KEEP YOUR BODY STRONGAND HEALTHY
Maintain a healthy weight
Incorporate physical activity into your daily
routine
Avoid drinking alcoholic
beverages
Completely avoid using tobacco in any form
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ACTIVITY 2:
Record your typical one day intake from wake up in the morning to before going to bed at night
Then list out the food that contain preventative effect for cancer
Please be honest!
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ACTIVITY 3:
Do we need supplements pills in our diet to prevent cancer?
Give the reason (to support your answer)
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THANK YOU