1 Day WSH RA Workshop for ESU .Ppt 13 Mar 12

LHUB_WSH_BCSS (Eng)_V3.0

WSH Risk Assessment Awareness

Workshop – Education Industry

13th Mar 2012

By Siva NTUC LHUB

2

• To understand legal obligations

• To Identify Common Hazards at the workplace

• To explain the legal requirements for risk

management;

• To explain the responsibilities for each party in

risk management;

• To explain the methods for hazard identification

and risk assessment; (Hands –on Exercise)

Purpose of this Session

3

• Understand the hazards and risks associated with

your work;

• Conduct the risk assessment in compliance with

WSH(Risk Management) Regulation and guidelines

requirements;

• Ensure proper establishment, implementation and

maintenance of risk assessment

Learning Objectives

9

WSH Act 2006

WSH Act: An Act relating to the safety, health and welfare

of persons at work in workplace

13

Key features of WSH Act

16

“Duty to take, so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures as are

necessary to ensure workplace safety and health”

Duty Holders under WSH Act

Duty Holders under Liability Regime

- To take so far is reasonably practicable to ensure that any

contractor/supplier engaged by them

- has the necessary expertise to carry out the work

- have sufficient experience & training to do the work

- have obtained necessary license, permit, certificate etc

- has conducted RA & communicated to all persons

involved.

- has taken adequate safety & health measures

(machinery, plant, equipment, process/article, employee

etc)

- Contract agreement clause to exempt will not hold.


Principal


It shall be the duty of every occupier of any workplace to take,

so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures to ensure

that —

(a) the workplace;

(b) all means of access to or egress from the workplace;

and

(c) any machinery, equipment, plant, article or substance

kept on the workplace,

are safe and without risks to health to every person within

those premises, whether or not the person is at work or is an

employee of the occupier.

Occupier

- To adhere with Company SOP & RA etc

- Not to willfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse

any appliance, convenience, equipment or other

means or thing provided

- Not to willfully or recklessly do any act which

endangers the safety or health for himself or others

- A fine not exceeding $1000 for 1st time & $2000 for

2nd or subsequent conviction.

Duty Holders under Liability Regime Employees/ Person @ Work

23

Duties of Manufacturer & Supplier 1. Ensure the availability of relevant information pertaining

to safe use of machinery, equipment or hazardous substance.

2. Ensure that machinery or equipment is erected, installed or modified safety and without risk to health, when properly used.

Examples of machineries and equipment: Scaffolds, lifting equipment, forklifts, power presses, bar benders, equipment and piping intended for operation under pressure or to contain corrosive,

toxic or flammable substances, welding equipment etc.

Examples of hazardous substances: Substances that are corrosive, flammable, explosive, oxidising, toxic, mutagens, carcinogens, irritants etc.


24

Duties of Erector/ Installer

• Ensure that the machinery or equipment erected, installed

or modified is safe and without health risk when properly

used.

Duties of Self–Employed Person

Still required to take measures to ensure the safety and health

of others (not being his employees) who may be affected by

any works carried out by him in the workplace.


25

Section 47 of the WSHA states that :

• it is alleged that any person failed to comply with a duty to

do something so far as is reasonably practicable, it shall

be for the accused to prove that

– (a) it was not reasonably practicable to do more than

what was in fact done to satisfy that duty; or

– (b) there was no better practicable means than was in

fact used to satisfy that duty.


Strengthen Personal Accountability

27

Enhanced Penalty

Any person at work who, without reasonable cause, does

any negligent act which endangers the safety or health of

himself or others shall be guilty of an offence and shall be

liable upon conviction to a fine not exceeding $30,000 or to

imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both. (1st

Sep 2011)

29

Extension of WSH Act 2011

High Risk Medium Risk

Phase 3 – Low Risk

Low Risk

Doesn’t mean

No Risk

30

WSH Act Subsidiary Legislations

WSH Committee Regulations 2009

• WSH (WSH Committees)

Regulations shall apply in

relation to every factory in

which 50 or more persons are

ordinarily at work and

excludes temporary work.

31

WSH Act (Amendment of Schedules) – Fourth Schedule

Workplaces Specified as Factories

32

- Chairman: to perform the functions and

duties of its chairman.

- Secretary: appoint WSHO as a

Secretary

- Composition of WSH Committee:

- Rep from work person not < than Rep.

Mgmt

- Meeting:

- Shall meet at least once a month to

discuss the safety matters

Chairman Plant/Operation

Manager

Members/ Representatives

Members/ Representatives

Secretary WSHO/WSHC

Formation of WSH Committee

- Inspect the factory

- At least once a month.

- After accident or dangerous occurrence.

- Provide Guidelines to promote a safe conduct of work

33

Function of WSH Committee

Any person who contravenes these regulation shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction —

(a) for a first offence, to a fine not exceeding $10,000; and

(b) for a second or subsequent offence, to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both.

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Offences

WSH (Incident Report) Regulations

37

The Regulation doesn’t cover the followings:

Accident involves a person commuting to and

from any workplace in a company provided transport

Accident occurs as a result a person driving any vehicle on a public road as part of his work

Accident occurs in the course of work of a domestic worker


38


39

Penalties for Non-Compliances

First Offence – MAX fine = $5,000

Second/ Subsequent Offence –

MAX Fine = $10,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or both

Knowingly makes any False Notifications/ Report

=> Max $5000 fine or jail term 6 months or both

For more information:

http://www.mom.gov.sg/OSHD


40


Responsibilities of Employer /

Occupier: • Provision and maintenance of first-aid box

• Appointment and training of first-aiders

• Provision and maintenance of first-aid room for

> 500 employees

• Provision of suitable facility for quick drenching

of body or flushing of eyes where toxic or

corrosive substances are used

• Penalties for Non- Compliances

• $5000- 1st Time Offence

• $10000 + 6 Months Jail for 2nd

/subsequent offences

WSH (First Aid) Regulations

42

Provision of first-aid boxes —

(1)Every workplace shall be provided with a sufficient number of first-aid

boxes.

(2) Where a workplace is located in a building, each floor of the building shall

be provided with a sufficient number of first aid boxes.

(3) Every first-aid box provided in a workplace shall —

(a) be adequately equipped;

(b) be properly maintained;

(c) be checked frequently to ensure that it is adequately equipped and that

all the items in it are usable;

(d) be clearly identified as a first-aid box;

(e) be placed in a location that is well-lit and accessible; and

(f) be under the charge of a person appointed by the occupier of the

workplace.

(4) Nothing except appliances or requisites for first-aid shall be kept in a first-

aid box.


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First-aiders —

•Where > than 25 persons – 100 persons: 1 First Aider and

additional 1 First aider for every 100 person

•Every first-aider shall maintain a record of all treatment

rendered by him (fine not exceeding $5,000 )

•A notice shall be affixed in every workplace stating the

names of the first-aiders appointed

WSH (Risk Management) Regulations

45

Changes to WICA by 1 Jun 2012

Work Injury Compensation Act

46

Changes to WICA by 1 Jun 2012

Work Injury Compensation Act

WSH Guidelines - Contractor Management

47

Client/Principal Responsibilities

- Ensure a formal evaluation of the contractor WSH Mgmt plan is

done

- Ensure contractors comply with the WSH requirements

- Ensure contractors have undergone appropriate WSH training

- Participate in RA & formulation of method statement

- Ensure contractor implement control measures to minimize risk

to all involved

- Conduct worksite inspection

- Monitor Contractors WSH performance

48

WSHC Directors Guide

-Formalise leadership in safety and

health for the organization

- Accept a personal role in providing

leadership for organization

- Reflect S&H intentions for all decisions

- Engage active participation of workers

improving S&H

- Directly oversee the S&H matters

- Be kept informed of , and alert to, all

relevant S&H matters

Recommended Action for the Directors

49

Common Hazards in the

Workplace

&

Its Prevention

Common Hazards in Education Sector

68

Fall from Height Hazards

69

Struck by Falling Objects

70

Struck by Falling Objects

71

Struck against Objects

72

Manual Handling Hazards Manual Handling – any activity requiring the use of force to lift , lower, push,

pull, carry or move a load.

Noise Hazards

74

Electrical Hazards

Electrical Hazards:

Electrical Shocks, Electrical burns,

Fires or Explosion, Fatal

75

Indoor Air Quality Hazards A workplace with good air quality is where there is enough ventilation, the

temperature of the space is at a comfortable range and the levels of airborne

contaminants are low.

76

Fire Hazards

78

WSH(Risk Management) Regulations

& Risk Assessment

(After Lunch)

79

Effective on 1 September 2006

Every employer, self-employed person and principal

shall, prior to the commencement of work, conduct

a RISK ASSESSMENT in relation to the safety and

health risks posed to any person who may be

affected by his undertaking


WSH Act- Subsidiary Legislations

81

Duty Holders are to:

• Assess risk before work

commences

• Eliminate the risk where

possible, or if not take measures

to control the risk

• Establish SWP

• Communicating the risk and

control measures to the workers

• Revising RA

Risk Management Regulations Imposes

Duties On Stakeholders

– Employers,

– Self-employed person and

– Principals (including

contractors and sub-

contractors).

In every workplace, these parties

must take all reasonably practicable

measures/steps to eliminate any

foreseeable risk to any person who

may be affected by his undertaking in

the workplace.


…{R4(1) WSH (RM) Regulations 2006}.

83

Any employer, self-employed person or principal who fails to

conduct, maintain a record and review of risk assessment

shall be guilty of an offence.

First Offender - Max Fine of $10,000

Repeat Offender – Max Fine of $20,000

or Jail Term not exceeding 6 months or BOTH

Offences


84

Risk Management

• is a key component of the new Workplace Safety and Health Act (WSH Act).

• aims to reduce risks at source

• making stakeholders accountable for managing the risks they create.

Risk Management entails:

• Risk assessment;

• Control and monitoring of risks; and

• Communicating these risks to all persons involved.

What is Risk Management ?

85

•is an integral part of risk management.

It is the process of: (HIRAC)

– Identifying and analyzing safety and

health hazards associated with work;

– Assessing the risks involved; and

– Prioritizing measures to control the

hazards and reduce the risks..

What is Risk Assessment?

86

1.

Preparation

Work

- Form risk

assessment

team

- Gather

relevant

information

- Identify

activities for

each process

2.

Hazard

Identification

3.

Risk

Evaluation

4.

Risk

Control

-

Determine

additional

control

measures

required to

reduce the

risk.

- Assign

action officer

and follow-

up date

- Audit to

ensure control

measures

are in place and

working

-Review RA

once every 3

yrs

Whenever

there are

change to work

process

After any

accident/

incident

Management

to approve

and endorse

risk

assessment

-Keep risk

assessment

reports for at

least 3 years

6.

Implementation

& Review

5.

Record

Keeping

Adopted from MOM – Risk

Assessment Guidelines 2006

- Identify

existing control

measures

- Evaluate

potential

severity

- Determine

likelihood of

occurrence

- Assess risk

level based on

severity and

likelihood

Identify

-Hazards

associated

with activity

-Type of

accidents/

incidents

-Person at

risk

Communication

Risk Assessment (RA)

Risk Management Process

87

Establishing the risk assessment team

Identifying all the hazards

Identifying all the existing control

measures

Evaluating the risk levels

Evaluating whether additional control

measures are required

Risk Assessment can be done by:

88

Team Leader

Management Staff

Process/Facility Engineer

Technical Personnel

Supervisors

Production Operators

Maintenance Staff

Safety Manager/Executive

Risk Assessment Team consists of:

89

Roles & Responsibilities

Assign a competent person leading the risk assessment

team

Ensure that employees are aware of the risk

assessment for their work

Provide a register to record findings of risk assessment

Inform all personnel involved about risks in the

workplace and means to minimize / eliminate risks

Ensure risk control measures are implemented at the

end of risk assessment

Employers shall:

90


Employers shall:

Keep the risk assessment record for inspection for at

least 3 years and submit it to Commissioner for

Workplace Safety and Health if required

Review and update the risk assessment at least once

every 3 years or earlier if there is significant change to

work or process

Develop and implement safe work procedures for

works that poses safety and health risks to workers

Keep a written description of the safe work procedures

and produce this to the inspector for inspection when

required

Manager shall :

Ensure that RA is carried out

Ensure that risk control measures are implemented

Approve the RA conducted for the Manager’s area.

Ensure that the risk level is not rated “High Risk” when

approving work to be carried out.

Ensure that, where applicable, all operations have

established SWPs.

Ensure all persons exposed to the risks are informed of:

– The nature of risks

– Any measures or SWP implemented; and

– The means to minimize or eliminate the risks.

91


92

RA Team leader/ Risk Champion shall:

Assist the Employer as the focal point for

coordinating RM within the workplace

Recommend appropriate risk control measures

to reduce or eliminate the risks identified;

Prepare a record of the risk assessment;

Ensure that the Risk Register is prepared &

maintained

Assist management in monitoring the

effectiveness of risk control measures after their

implementation.


93


Participate in risk assessments

Adhere to the safe work procedures

established to reduce any safety and

health risks at the workplace

Inform their supervisors of any

shortcomings in the safe work

procedures.

Employees shall:

94

• Every employer, self-employed person and principal shall,

prior to the commencement of work, conduct a RISK

ASSESSMENT in relation to the safety and health risks

posed to any person who may be affected by his

undertaking

• For all Routine & Non-Routine Works

» Science Practical lab (Physics/Chemical/Biology)

» Sports Meet

» Excursions

» Conducting classes

» Cleaning activity

When to do Risk Assessment?

95

Hazard Identification

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

RISK EVALUATION

RISK CONTROL

RISK ASSESSMENT

How to do Risk Assessment?

1st Step

In Risk Assessment

96

“Anything with the potential to cause bodily harm or injury, and

includes any physical, chemical, biological, mechanical,

psychosocial, electrical or ergonomic hazard”.

Hazards only be controlled if they are identified.

“Hazard” is defined in WSHA as:


97

The following categories of hazards

should be considered:

• Physical (e.g., fire, noise,

ergonomics, heat, radiation and

manual handling)

• Mechanical (e.g., moving parts,

rotating parts)

• Electrical (e.g., voltage, current,

static charge, magnetic fields)

• Chemical (e.g., flammables, toxics,

corrosives, reactive materials)

• Biological (e.g., blood-borne

pathogens, virus (SARS), Anthrax

etc)

• Others (e.g., hazards peculiar to

the industry)

Categories of hazards

98

WSH Hazards can be identified by considering

• Surveys

• Consultation with employees, safety

personnel and safety committee

members

• Safety Auditors’ Finding

• Past Records and Data Analysis

• Surveillance and monitoring

• Discussions/ JSA

• Information from designers,

manufacturers, suppliers, etc.

• Safety Data Sheets


101

RA Activity : Identify at least one work process and its

related work activity

RMCP Recommended 5x5 RA Template

Inventory Form

102


Step 1: Breakdown of activities (1b)

Step 2: Identify the hazards of each step (1c)

Step 3: Identify the consequence(s) of each hazard (1d)

Steps for Hazard Identification

103

MOM 3x3 RA Template

RMCP Recommended 5x5 RA Template

104

105


Section 1 in Risk Assessment Form

106

Section 2a. in Risk Assessment

Form

Identification of Existing Risk Controls

107

Risk Evaluation

2nd Step

In Risk Assessment

Risk: The likelihood that a hazard will cause a specific bodily injury to any

person.

108

An unguarded coconut kernel de-shelling spindle is a HAZARD!

Coming into contact with the rotating machine while working on the de-shelling operation RISKs. severe injury, perhaps permanent disability.

The process of evaluating the probability

(likelihood) and consequences

(severity) of injury or illness arising from

exposure to an identified hazard, and

determining the appropriate measures for

risk control

109


RISK EVALUATION

RISK CONTROL

RISK ASSESSMENT

Risk Evaluation

110

SEVERITY: Extent of harm or adverse effect due to a hazard or as a result of an accident/ incident

Severity Description

Minor No injury, injury or ill-health requiring first aid treatment only

(includes minor cuts & bruises, irritation, ill-health with

temporary discomfort)

Moderate

Injury requiring medical treatment or ill-health leading to

disability

(includes lacerations, burns, sprains, fractures, dermatitis,

deafness, work-related upper limb disorders)

Major

Fatal, serious injury or life-threatening occupational disease

(includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries,

occupational cancer & acute poisoning & fatal diseases)

Table 1: Severity Categories And Description

Risk Evaluation

111

LIKELIHOOD: The possibility or frequency of adverse effect occurrence

due to a hazard

Likelihood (LLH) Description

Remote Not likely to occur

Occasional Possible or known to occur

Frequent Common or repeating occurrence

Table 2: Likelihood of Occurrence And Description

Depends on numerous factors:

– Existing control measure

– Possibility of misuse due to lack of maintenance, human error

– Duration of exposure

– Competence of people involved

– Condition of equipment and environmental conditions

Consider all existing control measures

Risk Evaluation

112

RISK MATRIX

Likelihood

Severity

Remote Occasional Frequent

Major Medium risk High risk High risk

Moderate Low risk Medium risk High risk

Minor Low risk Low risk Medium risk

Table 3: Risk Matrix to determine Risk Level

Common risk matrices include the 3x3 matrix, 5x4

matrix, 5x5 matrix and the 7x7 matrix.

Organizations may develop matrices that are

suitable and relevant to their operations

Risk Evaluation

113

Risk Evaluation- RMCP RISK MATRIX

5X5 Risk Matrix to determine Risk Level

While this CP does not restrict workplaces with its choice of matrices, the

numeric 5x5 Risk Matrix is recommended.

114

5X5 Risk Matrix to determine Risk Level

Risk Evaluation- RMCP

115

Risk Evaluation- RMCP

Risk Evaluation

116

117

Section 2b~2d. in Risk Assessment Form

118

ELEMENT 4:

RISK CONTROL

(& residual Risks) 3rd Step

In Risk Assessment

Control Measures

119

•Basically to reduce the risk level to an acceptable level by reducing the Severity and/or Likelihood.

• Take reasonably practicable

measures to eliminate or reduce

risks.

• Use of the Hierarchy of Control to

adequately manage exposure to

the risk.

• Understand and apply the concept

of “As Low As Reasonably

Practicable” (ALARP).


RISK EVALUATION

RISK CONTROL

RISK ASSESSMENT

Control Measures

120

Administrative controls

E.g. SWP, PTW, Training

Safe Worker

Safe Design

Most

Preferred

Least

Preferred

Hierarchy of Risk Control Measures

Elimination

E.g. Eliminates sharp protrusions

in work area.

Substitution

E.g. Substitute solvent based

paint with water based paint.

Engineering controls E.g. Use of barriers, guards etc.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

E.g. Safety helmet, safety boots, hand gloves etc.

Note: You can always use more than one control

Control Measures

121

Safe Work Procedures (SWP)

- Step-by-step procedures of doing or carrying out work safely.

- To be developed and implemented after (arising from) the risk assessment.

Safe Work Procedure


RISK EVALUATION

RISK CONTROL

RISK ASSESSMENT

SWP should include:

- an emergency response - Provision of Personal Protective

Equipment (PPE).

Control Measures

Besides the control measures mentioned earlier for each

hazard, Safe Work Procedures (administrative control) shall

be established and maintained for all works including:

122

Section 3a. in Risk Assessment Form

Additional Control Measures

123

Action Officers

• To identify the action officers

• Follow-up dates/deadline.

The specific action officers is to

• Implement the control

measures

• Ensure timeliness in

implementation

• prepare an Action Plan.

Implement Control Measures

124

Assign Responsible Person and Timeframe

Responsible person and timeframe for each identified

additional control shall be assigned to ensure effective

closeout of action items.

125

1. Written Risk Assessment (RA) records to be kept for reference for 3 years.

2. All Risk Assessment records should be:

Concise, and Kept in a register.

Record Keeping

126

The Manager/Supervisor who

oversees the area, function or activity

shall ensure that all persons exposed

to the risks are informed of:

• The nature of risks;

• Any measures or SWP implemented;

and

• The means to minimize or eliminate

the risks

• Whenever RA revised or any

measure or SWP implemented

Risk Communication

127

To be reviewed at least once every 3 years, or

When there is a change in the process, equipment or method of work,

Or

When there is an accident / incident that resulted from the risk assessment done for that particular operation or work method.

Review of RA

128

Risk Register

A compilation of RAs is called a Risk Register. A risk

register form records the main elements individual

RA. Risk Register is readily available for review by

designated persons at the workplace and by

regulatory agencies.

RM Implementation Plan

129

Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk 4 Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk4 Wk5 Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk4 Wk5 Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk 4 Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk4 Wk5 Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk4 Wk5

Month

Risk Management Implementation Scheduled Plan

Jan Feb Mar Apr May

Hazard and Risk Communication

Action By

Management,

EHS

Personnel, RM

Leader, Line

Supervisors/

Foreman

Work Activities/ Specific Action

to be Taken

Time Frame for Implementation / Completion

Preparation

Formation of RM/ RA Team(s)

Gathering of information

Process identification

Routine Activities

Non-routine Activities

Risk Assessment


Risk Evaluation

Risk ControlImplementation of Additional

Control Measures

Jun

130

1. The liability you have in violation of the WSH (Risk

Management) Regulations

2. What are the hazards associated with your work?

3. What are the control measures for each hazards?

4. How is risk assessment conducted based on MOM

requirements?

5. What should you get involved in risk assessment?

After this training, you should have understood:

We all have a part to play in workplace safety

1 Day WSH RA Workshop for ESU .Ppt 13 Mar 12

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Transcript of 1 Day WSH RA Workshop for ESU .Ppt 13 Mar 12