1. Classification in Arabic History DDC in Arabic Libraries DDC translation into Arabic Major...
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Transcript of 1. Classification in Arabic History DDC in Arabic Libraries DDC translation into Arabic Major...
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Classification in Arabic History DDC in Arabic LibrariesDDC translation into ArabicMajor ModificationDifferences among libraries in
classificationsTranslation TerminologyWhat do we need?Recommendations
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As Greece philosophers Arab philosophers have given too much attention to classification of sciences since the beginning of the Arabic and Islamic civilization.
They have translated the Greece classification of philosophy into Arabic such as translation of Aflaton in Cartyle and Aresto and others.
They also have classified human knowledge into different fields .
These categories has been used to classify books in the old Arabic libraries, as well as shelving them according to this different categories.
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Examples of Libraries Systems Kendy Yakoup ibn Ishak – Science Definition
and Divisions.El Fraby – Categories of Sciences El Safa Brothers Letters of Ikhoan El Safa Ibn SinaIbn KhaldoonEl KhoarzimiEl Nadeem – The Catalog - El Fahrest Others
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Although DDC has been developed for serving the American libraries needs, it has been used in different countries around the world as well as the Arabic libraries since the beginning of the 20th century.
It has been used in different types of libraries (National, Academic, Specialized, Public, and school libraries). 6
There are curricula for teaching DDC in all the Egyptian libraries and information departments (15 departments).
1 to 2 curricula in each department.
All these curricula focus on teaching the Arabic modifications and expansions.
The same situation appears in library departments in turkey and Iran.
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It has also been used as the main classification system in the national bibliographies of the following countries:
EgyptIraqTunisiaAlgeria
Arab countries bibliography compiled by ALECSO (Arab League of Education, Culture and science Organization)
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Country EgyptSaudi
ArabiaQatar Jordan Morocco total
DDC 24 6 3 5 6 46
LC 1 1 1 5 1 9
Grand Total
The 9 libraries are international universities Mainly American
Governmental universities are using DDC
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10
Country EgyptSaudi
ArabiaUAE Jordan Morocco Total
DDC 25 10 6 5 4 50
LC 0 0 0 0 0 0
All of them are using the Arabic Translations
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DDC as Information Discovering Tools
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Why Do We need to use classification as discovering tool?
Some RemarksCatalogors indicated that using different
versions (edition, original vs. Translated) of Dewey makes reuse of classification numbers in the copy cataloging process difficult.
Use of different editions of DDC makes it difficult to search by Dewey numbers across catalogs.
The same book might have more than one numbers in the same results.
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DDC has been translated into Arabic since the beginning of the 20th century.
All these translations include modifications for some parts of the main tables and branches to fulfill the requirements of the Arabic Libraries
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Language, religion, literature, and history sections are the major parts which require modifications and expansions.
First endeavor for translating and modifying DDC initiated by the Egyptian National library in 1929.
It is incomplete translation focused only on main subject.
Most of the translation initiated by individual endeavors which caused inconsistency and incompleteness.
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Different translation by individuals.
Inconsistency in the terminology of translation
Different version in the Arabic libraries which cause inconsistency for the classification of the same book.
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Author name TitleOriginal Edition
Translation Year
shaaban khalifa, Mohamed AWad
Elaidey
العشرى التصنيفللمكتبات القياسيوالعامة / المدرسية
خليفة عبدالعزيز شعبانالعايدي عوض محمد ،
Standard Dewey Classification for public
and school libraries
Compiled
EgyptCompiled
Mohamed AWad Elaidey
Decimal Classification Encyclopedia
21Egypt
2003
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Subjectmodificatio
nOrigina
lShifted
to
Ethnic table 5
Language (6)
Arab (1)
Arabic Language
(1)
American
English
2
2
Main Tables:
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Subject modification Original Shifted to
031Arabic
encyclopediaAmerican
Encyclopedia032
051Arabic Journals
American Journals 052
062Arabic Institutions and Associations
American Institutions and
Associations062
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Subject modification Original Shifted to
071Arabic Magazine and
JournalismAmerican 072
081Arabic General
CollectionAmerican 082
091.1Arabic Manuscript New Code
189.1 Islamic Philosophy New Code
210-260 Islamic Religion Christianity 270
410 Arabic Language English Language 420
509.53History of Arabic
scienceHistory of American
science509.54
810 Arabic Literature English Literature 820
Other modification in 600, 700, 900
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Original Edition Translated Edition
Book Title HARVARD LOCBibliotic
a
ARABIC UNION CATALO
G
King Fahd
EULC
شعراء تغلب في الجاهلية :أخبارهم
/ وأشعارهم892.71109
892.71109
892.71109
928.1 811.1 811.9
:أصوات الحداثةاتجاهات حداثية
في القص العربي : النصوص الكاملة لدراسات ألقيت في معهد العالم
العربي-باريس
892.7/309892.7/30
9813.009 813.809
بدر شاكر السياب وريادة التجديد في
الشعر العربي الحديث
892.71609892.7160
9892.7110
9928.1 811.1
مجازات : مقاربات نقدية في اإلبداع العربي المعاصر
892.7/09 892.7/09 - 810.09 810.99 810.9
English poets in Arabic :
892/.91509892.7/15
09- 811.9 811.9009
Original Edition Translated Edition
TitleHARVAR
DYAL
LBibalex
ARABIC
UNION
CATALOG
King Fahd
EULC
العالقات السياسية بين الدولة األموية في األندلس
والمغرب
946/.02 -909.097671
01953.071
1953.03
تحديات التاريخ و المستقبل :
تأمالت حضارية
- 956 956 -320.95
6953.9
LC Bibliotica El-BalqaaUniv.
Jordan Univ.
Abd El Aziz Fahid EULC Book Title
492.7071 492.707 418.24 418.24 418.24 418.24 418.24تعليم اللغة العربية لغير الناطقين بها
492.4 492.781 410.1 410.9 410 419 412.3 اللغة العربية كائن حي
892/.7095
892.709005 810.09 810.909 810.9962 810.99567 اضواء على االدب 810.99
الحديث
809.16 809 810.09 810.9 810.9 810.09 النقد االدبى 810.9
910.02 910.02 910.02 910.02 910.02 910.4 910.02 مبادىء الجغرافيا الطبيعية
909/.09767
909.097671 956 915.603 953 953 953.031
تاريخ الحضارة اإلسالمية والفكر
اإلسالمي
- 809.3 813.9561 813.95609 813.009 913 813.091 الرواية فى القرن العشرين
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Other Countries Modifications
Iranian ModificationThey added modification for the four major parts.They have used the DDC’s introduction, instructions
which suggest to add the initial letter of the language or the country for the purpose of expansion, e.g., the letter F for Farsi literature. Thus, 8F1 is for Farsi poetry, while 811 is for English poetry.
4F0 is used to refer to the Farsi Language in the Iran translation of DDC.
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India
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History of South Asia and India
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Title Author Call No. Subject
Drama contemporary, India
Mee, Erin B., ed 891.12 M494D Indian drama
Tree of tongues: an anthology of modern Indian poetry.
Ramakrishnan, E.V., ed.
891.1108 R165TIndian poetry--
Collections
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Title Author Call No. Subject
Theatre experiment: an anthology of American plays.
Benedikt, Michael, comp.
812.08 B458American drama - 20th cent.
Cambridge companion to American women playwrights.
Cambridge 812.09 C178American drama-Women authors
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Turkey
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Israel ModificationThey are using 810 for American literature and 820 for
English literature.
For the Hebrew literature they used the same classification no. in the original and add special code for the Hebrew and local collections.
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Translation Terminology
Arabic Translation B Arabic Translation A Class
الديانات الديانات 200
الديانات الطبيعية الالهوت الطبيعية 201
مفهوم األلوهية طبيعة االله 202
الوجود ، العلم بالله ، صفات الله الخلق 203
الخلق االيمان بالله 204
العدل اإللهي العلم و االيمان 205
العلم والدين الخير و الشر 206
الخير والشر التعبد و الصالة 207
اإلنسان )طبيعة اإلنسان ومكانه في الكون (
الجنس البشري 208
غير مخصصقياس التمثيل و التشبية)
يشمل المبادئ الدينية(209
Arabic Translation B Arabic Translation A Class
اللغات اللغة 400
نظم الكتابة علم اللغة 401
علم أصول الكلمات االشتقاق 402
المعاجم المعاجم 403
علم األصوات اللغوية وعلم تمثيل األصوات
الفنولوجيا و االصوات 404
قواعد اللغة النحو والصرف 405
غير مخصص خالي 406
علم اللهجات وعلم اللغة التاريخى
) اللسانيات التاريخية (علم اللهجات وعلم اللغة التاريخي 407
االستخدام اللغوى القياسى ) المعيارى ( علم اللغة التطبيقى )اللسانيات
التطبيقية (
االستخدام اللغوي القياسي )علم اللغة المألوفة( ، علم اللغة
التطبيقي408
لغة المشافهة القواعدية غير المنطوقة أو المكتوبة
اللغة البنائية غير المنطوقة والمكتوبة
409
Arabic Translation B Arabic Translation A Class
األدب ) اآلداب الرفيعة ( وعلم البالغة
االدب و البالغة 800
التقسيمات الموحدة
الفلسفة و النظرية 801
التقسيمات الموحدة 802
803
غير مستخدم 804
المطبوعات الدورية 805
التقسيمات الموحدة 806
807
البالغة ومجموعات النصوص األدبية من أكثر من أدبين
علم البالغة ومجموعات النصوص االدبية من اكثر
من أدب808
التاريخ ، الوصف، التقييم النقدي ألكثر من أدبين
التاريخ ، الوصف، التقييم النقدي، الكثر من أدب
809
Arabic Translation B Arabic Translation A Class
الجغرافيا والتاريخ والمعارف المساعدة
الجغرافيا، التاريخ، والمباحث الموضوعية
المساعدة900
فلسفة التاريخ ونظرياته فلسفة و نظرية التاريخ 901
متفرقات في التاريخ متفرقات في التاريخ 902
القواميس، ودوائر المعارف، والفهارس الهجائية للتاريخ
المعاجم، ودوائر المعارف، الفهارس االبجدية
903
مجموعات الوقائع االخبار المجمعة عن
االحداث904
التقسيمات الموحدة للتاريخالتقسيمات الموحدة 905
غير مستخدم 906
التعليم والبحث والموضوعات ذات الصلة بالتاريخ
التقسيمات الموحدة 907
التاريخ بالنسبة لفئات األشخاصالتاريخ فيما يتعلق بأنواع
االشخاص908
تاريخ العالم تاريخ العالم 909
Most of the modification focused on translating the
complete version except two endeavors (Fouad Ismail
and Mohamed El Aide).
Still individual effort.
Arabic Libraries uses different translations and
modification which might cause differences in the
classification of the same book in the same type of
library.
inconsistency in the translation
No Frequent update for the individual efforts.51
There is huge differences in theses translation
because each individual has a modification
philosophy .
Most of the translation and modification ignored the
relative index.
The differences among countries in the modification
philosophy.
This is against the universality of librarianship. It
even impedes the progress of IFLA's Universal
Bibliographic Control and International MARC.
It is also against the reusability and interoperability.
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A comprehensive translation for the full edition
and abridged one through an Arabic institution .
This translation should review and take into
consideration the current practice of the Arabic
libraries.
This translation should include the relative
index.
Using the standard dictionary and terminology
affiliated by the Arabic Language Academy. 53
Expansion for the DDC which eliminate the need for modification.
Single translation for the region from a professional affiliated institution.
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Thank [email protected]