1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical...
-
Upload
penelope-walters -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
2
Transcript of 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical...
![Page 1: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
ChemometriChemometri
c Methods c Methods
for for
EnvironmentEnvironment
al Pollution al Pollution
MonitoringMonitoring
Dmitry E. Bykov
Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia
![Page 2: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
OutlinesOutlines
I. Introduction
II. Wastes recovering
III. Wastes conversion
IV. Wastes cancellation
V. Wastes management
VI. Landfills management
VII. Conclusions
![Page 3: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
The Goals The Goals
This lecture has two main objectives:
• To give information about our R & D
activities;
• To get your advices how to apply
chemometrics
![Page 4: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Samara is a large industrial citySamara is a large industrial city
![Page 5: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Samara State Technical University SSTU
17 000 Students
Since 1914
![Page 6: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
SSTU StructureSSTU Structure
SSTU
Research & Analysis
Center of
Industrial Ecology
FacultyFaculty
FacultyFaculty
FacultyFaculty
FacultyFaculty
FacultyFaculty
FacultyFaculty
FacultyFaculty
Faculty of
Chemical
Technology
InstituteInstitute
DepartmentDepartment
DepartmentDepartment
DepartmentDepartment
DepartmentDepartment
DepartmentDepartment
DepartmentDepartment
Department of
Industrial
Ecology
![Page 7: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Department of Industrial EcologyDepartment of Industrial Ecology
![Page 8: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Design the processes and equipment
• for waste treatment
• industrial sewage cleaning
Reengineering of out-of-date technologies
Ecological auditing and improvement of
ecological management in industry
Department Research ActivitiesDepartment Research Activities
![Page 9: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Development activitiesDevelopment activities
![Page 10: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Public ActivitiesPublic Activities
![Page 11: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Research & Analysis Center ofIndustrial Ecology (RACIE)
![Page 12: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
RACIERACIE ActivitiesActivities
Chemical analysis of topsoil, wastes,
sewage,
and ground water Development of standards that regulate
the
pressure on the environment by human
activities Designing the up-to-date landfills for
industrial
and domestic wastes
![Page 13: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
II. Wastes RecoveringII. Wastes Recovering
The goals are purification and regeneration
![Page 14: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Sleeper plant sewage purification
Waste emulsion regeneration
Copper contaminated sorbent
regeneration
Used enamel regeneration
Hydrolyzed salomass regeneration
High foul blowoff sewage purification
Sleeper plant sewage purification
High foul blowoff sewage purification
Tasks solvedTasks solved
![Page 15: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Sleeper plant sewage purificationSleeper plant sewage purification
Sleeper plants sewage water contains up to 10% of tars.
To purify it extraction with xylene is applied.
![Page 16: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Equilibrium in the water/tar/xylol Equilibrium in the water/tar/xylol systemsystem
Tar concentration in water, kg/m3
Extraction tie-line10
30
50
4.03.02.01.0
70
90
Pseudoequilibrium area
Tar
co
nc
entr
atio
n i
n x
ylen
e, k
g/m
3
Suspended matterconcentration
100 mg/l 300 mg/l 500 mg/l
![Page 17: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Tar extraction Tar extraction
Sewage water 100%
91%
9%
Tar
Water
Xylene
Sewage+Xylene 100%
91.2%
8.1%
0.7%
Emulsion 9%
79.1%
19.7%
1.2%
Extract 7%
2.4%
88.7%
8.8%
Refined water 84%
99.96%
0.02% 0.02%
![Page 18: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
High foul blowoff sewage High foul blowoff sewage purificationpurification
Boiler blowoff
Purified water
Sludge
WaterCold reuse
water
K-2 & PAA H2SO4
Intake tank
Pump
Reactor
Acid storage volume
T
![Page 19: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Process parameters (Input)Process parameters (Input)
T – Temperature
Ph – Acidity
PAA – Flocculant (polyacrylamid) concentration
K-2 – Coagulant concentration
![Page 20: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Purified water quality (Output)Purified water quality (Output)
D – Optical density
Al – Concentration of aluminium ions Al3+
Fe – Concentration of ferric compounds
![Page 21: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Conventional univariate approach - Conventional univariate approach - II
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Ph
Al
D
Fe
Output parameters versus acidity.
Other input parameters are constants
T = 20°C
[K-2] = 50 mg/l
[PAA] = 2 mg/l
![Page 22: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Conventional univariate approach - Conventional univariate approach - IIII
Output parameters versus temperature.
Other input parameters are constants
pH = 6
[K-2] = 40 mg/l
[PAA] = 2 mg/l0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
30 35 40 45 50 55 60
T , °C
Al
D
Fe
![Page 23: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Conventional univariate approach - Conventional univariate approach - IIIIII
Output parameters versus PAA concentration.
Other input parameters are constants
T = 20°C
pH = 6
[K-2] = 40 mg/l0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
1 2 3 4 5
PAA, mg/l
Al
D
Fe
![Page 24: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Conventional univariate approach - Conventional univariate approach - IVIV
Output parameters versus K-2 concentration.
Other input parameters are constants
T = 20°C
pH = 6
[PAA] = 2 mg/l0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
20 25 30 35 40 45 50
K-2, mg/l
Al
D
Fe
![Page 25: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Optimal process setupOptimal process setup
Temperature T=35°C
Acidity Ph= 6
PAA concentration [PAA]=2 mg/l
K-2 concentration [K-2]= 40 mg/l
![Page 26: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Chemometrics related problemChemometrics related problem
Would MSPC approach be useful there?
![Page 27: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
PLS2 ModelPLS2 Model
K2
pH
PAA
T
AlD
Fe
-0.8
-0.4
0.0
0.4
0.8
-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
PC1
PC2Loadings Plot
Inputparameters
Output parameters
T , pH, PAA, K-2
Fe , D, Al
![Page 28: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Predicted optical densityPredicted optical density
R2 = 0.96
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.0 0.2 0.4Measured D
Pre
dic
ted
D
![Page 29: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Predicted concentration of Predicted concentration of aluminium ions aluminium ions
R2 = 0.54
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.0 0.3 0.6Measured Al
Pre
dic
ted
Al
![Page 30: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Predicted concentration of ferric Predicted concentration of ferric compounds compounds
R2 = 0.93
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.2
0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2
Measured Fe
Pre
dic
ted
Fe
![Page 31: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
III. Wastes conversionIII. Wastes conversion
The goal is utilization
![Page 32: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Tasks solvedTasks solved
Soap stock utilization
Conversion of plastic-insulated cable scraps
1,2-dichlorpropane processing
Polychlorethanes processing
![Page 33: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Soap stock utilizationSoap stock utilization
Soap stock is a waste of oils and fats refining
This is a valuable product, which should
utilized
![Page 34: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Conventional method of utilizationConventional method of utilization
H2SO4
Oil refining
Fat refining
Stock gathering
Soap stock
Soap stock
Deoxidation
Mixed soap stock
Fat separation
Laundry soap
Mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, neutral fat
Waste is utilized into not valuable soap
![Page 35: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
Soap stock compositionSoap stock composition
Water 74%
Neutral fat5%
Unsaturated fatty acids
solts1%
Saturated fatty acids
solts19%
Catalyst residiums
1%
Water85%
Neutral fat2%
Unsaturated fatty acids
solts10%
Saturated fatty acids
solts1%
Cellulose, slime1%
Phosphatide1%
Vegetable oil production wastes
Fat production wastes
Stock composition is different for oil and fat
![Page 36: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Oil production wastes utilizationOil production wastes utilization
Waste is utilized into valuable dry oil
Oil refining
Soap stock
DeoxidationFat
separation
Etherificationpolymerization
oxidization
Mixture of saturated fatty
acids and neutral fat
Desiccant GlycerinО2
Compounding
Oxidized oil
Dry oil
![Page 37: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
Fat production wastes utilizationFat production wastes utilization
Waste is utilized into valuable products
Soap stock
Hydro-genation
Fat separation
Mixture of saturated
fatty acids and
neutral fat
Neutralization
Calcium stearate
Fat production
Commercialstearin
СаО
![Page 38: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38
Chemometrics related problemChemometrics related problem
Will MSPC approach be useful in this case?
![Page 39: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
IV. Wastes cancellationIV. Wastes cancellation
The goal is wastes annihilation
![Page 40: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
Tasks solvedTasks solved
Oil polluted lands reclamation
Sewage sludge utilization
![Page 41: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
Oil polluted lands reclamationOil polluted lands reclamation
We have:
Oil polluted lands that should be reclamated
A lot of activated sludge that should be utilized
Let’s mix them up!
![Page 42: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
Oil polluted lands reclamationOil polluted lands reclamation
Mixture
Oil polluted soil Activated sludge
![Page 43: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43
Oil conversionOil conversion
ES is enzyme-substrate complex E is enzyme (catalase)
S is substrate (oil) Р is oil decomposition product
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 50 100 150 200
Time, day
Oil
co
nv
ers
ion
S0=1
S0=2
S0=3
S0=5
![Page 44: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
Chemometrics related problemChemometrics related problem
The problem looks similar to biofuel
production.
Will this similarity be helpful?
![Page 45: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
More on lands reclamationMore on lands reclamation
Konstantin Chertes Samara State Technical University , Samara, Russia
Possibilities of application of multidimensional data analysis methods to substantiate directions of degraded land recultivation
![Page 46: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
V. Wastes managementV. Wastes management
The goal is collection and sorting
![Page 47: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47
Wastes sourcesWastes sources
Municipal10%
Others12%
Agriculture11%Transport
3%
Industry64%
![Page 48: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
48
Wastes distribution within Wastes distribution within industryindustry
Metal works23%
Food6%Energy
4%
Construction8%
Metallurgy8%
Fuel9%
Textile3%
Chemistry39%
![Page 49: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
Domestic refuse composition Domestic refuse composition
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Paper foodwaste
Wood Ferrousmetals
Non-ferrousmetals
Textile Bones Glass Leather& rubber
Stones Plastics Smallparts
Others
1994 1997 2000 2002
![Page 50: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
Domestic refuse break up
Total (100 %) Collected (83 %) Disposed (76 %)Recycled (7 %)
![Page 51: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
Waste collection system in Samara Waste collection system in Samara
![Page 52: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
Wastes traverser stationWastes traverser station
![Page 53: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
53
Polymer wastes compositionPolymer wastes composition
Polymer wastes weight portion is 10 %
Polymer wastes cost portion is 60 %
EPS6%
Rubber10%
Other5%
PE10% PVC
4%
PET40%
PS4%
PP8%
PAN5%
EU8%
![Page 54: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
54
Chemometrics related problemChemometrics related problem
How to automate the wastes sorting?
Will NIR spectroscopy be helpful there?
![Page 55: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
More on waste sorting and More on waste sorting and recyclingrecycling
Nataliya RyuminaSamara State Technical University, Samara, Russia
Sorting of polymers according to the typesby the method of near infrared spectroscopy
![Page 56: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
VI. Landfills managementVI. Landfills management
The goal is ecological risk assessment
![Page 57: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
57
Well-run landfill KinelWell-run landfill Kinel
![Page 58: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
58
Illegal dump BezenchukIllegal dump Bezenchuk
![Page 59: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
59
How to estimate a landfill state?How to estimate a landfill state?
measured evaluated
ash content
age
density peculiarities
temperature
depth
humidity
pH
![Page 60: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
60
Prediction of maturity (age) Prediction of maturity (age)
Scores
-4
-2
0
2
4
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
PC2
Bezenchuk 2, X-exp: 55%, 29% Y-exp: 82%, 4%
X- and Y-loadings
Lens
Depth
Humidity
+28C
Maturity
Ash
Weight
-8C
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
-0.5 -0.25 0 0.25 0.5
PC1
PC2
Bezenchuk 2, X-exp: 55%, 29% Y-exp: 82%, 4%
Root Mean Square Error
0.07
0.075
0.08
0.085
0.09
1 2 3 4 5PCs
RMSE
RMSEC
RMSEP
Bezenchuk 2, Variable c.Maturity v.Maturity
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2Measured Y
Predicted Y
Bezenchuk 2, (Y-var, PC): (Maturity, 2)
Elements: 123Correlation: 0.9250RMCEP: 0.0775
![Page 61: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
61
PCA-based classificationPCA-based classification
Scores
-2
-1
0
1
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
PC2
Kinel 1, X-exp: 93%, 5%
Ash
Scores
-2
-1
0
1
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
PC2
Kinel 1, X-exp: 93%, 5%
Weight
Scores
-2
-1
0
1
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
PC2
Kinel 1, X-exp: 93%, 5%
Depth
Scores
-2
-1
0
1
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
PC2
Kinel 1, X-exp: 93%, 5%
Temperature
![Page 62: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
62
Chemometrics related problemChemometrics related problem
How to perform sampling on landfills?
Will sampling theory be helpful there?
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8
9 11
12
13
14
15
16
1819
20
21
![Page 63: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
63
More on landfill state evaluationMore on landfill state evaluationOlga Tupicina Samara State Technical University , Samara, Russia
Chemometrics-based evaluation of man-caused formations’ stability
Evgeniy MichailovSamara State Technical University , Samara, Russia
Ecological assessment of waste fields with multivariate analysis - feasibility study
![Page 64: 1 Chemometric Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring Dmitry E. Bykov Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649db65503460f94aa8882/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
64
VII. ConclusionsVII. Conclusions
Numerous cases that are of interest in ecology and waste management have been presented
Our first chemometric experience inspire us to use it more and more
We are entirely open for co-operation in ecological chemometrics
It is great to see so many outstanding scientists here!