1 Chapter Overview Computer Cases Motherboards ROM BIOS.
-
Upload
shannon-walton -
Category
Documents
-
view
224 -
download
1
Transcript of 1 Chapter Overview Computer Cases Motherboards ROM BIOS.
2
The Computer Case The case helps contain electromagnetic
interference (EMI). Larger cases usually have more expansion
capability and are easier to work with. Smaller cases usually have less expansion
potential and support fewer internal devices.
Cases with more features cost more. You should never run a computer with an
open case.
4
The Motherboard
Before replacing a motherboard, double-check all other components to verify that the motherboard is the problem.
Replace rather than repair a damaged motherboard.
Consider purchase and interoperability issues.
5
Chip Sets The chip set helps the CPU manage and
control the computer. The CPU must be compatible with the
chip set. Specialized chips control cache memory
and high-speed buses. Different chip sets have different on-
board components. On-board components might have fewer
features than do expansion card versions.
6
ROM BIOS Chips Read-only memory (ROM) chips store
basic input/output system (BIOS) data—even when the computer power is off.
The system BIOS prepares the hardware to run.
Classes of BIOS chips include: Core chips Updateable complementary metal-oxide
semiconductor (CMOS) chips Other chips with their own BIOS data
7
Information Stored in the CMOS
Floppy disk and hard disk drive types CPU type and speed Random access memory (RAM) size Date and time Serial and parallel port information Plug and Play information Power-saving settings
9
Determining the BIOS Manufacturer
Watch the monitor when the computer boots.
Check the computer or motherboard manual.
Remove the computer cover and look at the chip.
Use a third-party utility program. Cause an error that will launch the setup
program.
10
The Most Common Ways to Access BIOS Setup Programs
AMI: Press Delete when the machine begins to boot.
Phoenix: Press Ctrl+Alt+Esc, Delete, or F2 when requested.
Award: Follow the procedure for AMI or Phoenix.
16
Maintaining CMOS
CMOS data can be lost for several reasons.
You should write down CMOS setup information or back it up.
Plug and Play devices include their own BIOS information.
17
The CMOS Battery
Look for battery requirements on the motherboard or in the documentation.
Expect 2–7 years of battery life, depending on the type of battery.
Watch for battery failure indicators. Replace the battery if a computer loses
stored CMOS information more than once in a week.
18
All Other Chips
Add-on boards may have ROM chips with their own BIOS data.
Device drivers could be required to provide BIOS support for hardware.
19
Power-On Self Test The power-on self test (POST) checks
every primary device at startup. Beep codes indicate problems before
and during the video test. Errors displayed on the screen typically
indicate problems after the video test. Errors can be fatal or nonfatal. POST cards display codes that you can
decode from the manufacturer’s manual.
20
Chapter Summary You should select a computer case for ease of use
and expandability. EMI can harm surrounding equipment. Motherboards use different chip sets with differing
capabilities. ROM BIOS chips can be static or updateable. A CMOS program accesses BIOS information
stored in CMOS chips. If you change hardware, you must update the
CMOS to reflect changes. A CMOS battery ensures that CMOS information is
saved.