1 Chapter 2 Asbestos-Containing Materials Version 2012.1 Asbestos NESHAP Inspection and Safety...
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Transcript of 1 Chapter 2 Asbestos-Containing Materials Version 2012.1 Asbestos NESHAP Inspection and Safety...
1
Chapter 2Asbestos-Containing Materials
Version 2012.1
Asbestos NESHAP Inspection and Safety Procedures Course
2
Topics
Brief discussion of historical asbestos use
What is asbestos?
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History of Asbestos Use
Asbestos has been used for thousands of years
Principal use was in woven materials until the 1800s
1850s – First commercial production
1870s – Large deposits discovered in Canada
1940s – 1970s – Greatest use in U.S.
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History of Asbestos Use(Cont.)
More than 3,000 products have contained asbestos
Asbestos products are still legally used
Major ongoing challenges in managing asbestos Naturally occurring sources Workplace
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Geological Information
What is asbestos? A naturally occurring fibrous mineral 6 varieties of asbestos currently regulated
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Varieties of Asbestos
ASBESTOS
Serpentine Group Amphibole Group
Serpentine (Chrysotile) Cummingtonite-Grunerite (Amosite)Riebeckite (Crocidolite)
AnthophylliteActinolite-Tremolite
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Commonly Used Asbestos Products
Most commonly used ACM products in the US currently: Roofing materials (mainly flashing & cements) Gaskets Friction products
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Other marketed asbestos products
Asbestos-cement products
Asbestos clothing
Pipeline wrap (typically asphaltic)
Flooring materials
Caulks/putties/mastics (glues)
On rare occasions banned materials like pipe insulation are imported and installed
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Asbestos Origin and Uses
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Where is Asbestos Found?
Naturally occurring fibrous mineral
Mined from the ground like coal or iron ore
Was once mined all over the world, including the US, Australia, Canada, China, South Africa, and the former USSR
No longer mined in the US
Still mined in Canada, China, and a number African countries
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Asbestos Mine – Canada
Asbestos Milling Plant
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Use of Asbestos
Civilizations have found many uses for asbestos since early history
Manufacturing of asbestos containing products still occurs in many parts of the world
Ancient oil lamp
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Demolition & Renovation
Regulation of asbestos began in the early 1970s
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Manual Renovation & Demolition
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Chrysotile - most common - white
Amosite - less common - brown
Crocidolite - rare - blue
Other types - remolite, actinolite, anthophyllite are sometimes found as contaminants with other minerals such as talc and vermiculite
Chrysotile - most common - white
Amosite - less common - brown
Crocidolite - rare - blue
Other types - remolite, actinolite, anthophyllite are sometimes found as contaminants with other minerals such as talc and vermiculite
Asbestos Types
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Chrysotile Asbestos
White Asbestos
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Amosite Fibers
Brown Asbestos
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Crocidolite Fibers
Blue Asbestos
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Vermiculite – Libby, Montana
Source: U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, Denver, Colorado.
Tremolite Fibers
Winchite/Richterite
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Asbestos Material Categories
Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) >1%Surfacing Materials (SM) such as fireproofing or decorative textured ceilingsThermal System Insulation (TSI) such as pipe and boiler insulationMiscellaneous (Misc.)
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Misc. Asbestos Materials
Floor tile and masticsCeiling tilesRoofing materials like shingles and tarWallboard joint compoundGaskets and valve packing materialsCement asbestos products including Transite
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Friable ACM
Material that, when dry, may be crumbled, pulverized or reduced to powder by hand pressure Includes damaged non-friable material or
non-friable material that is not kept substantially intact (OSHA)
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Very friable ACM
Non-intact
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But when damaged like you see in the
picture it can be very friable and
release asbestos.
Floor tile is considered non-
friable.
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Asbestos is a concern when it
becomes airborne.
Fibers do not just “jump off” materials that
contain asbestos.
They get into the air when ACM or
ACM debris is disturbed.
They may then be breathed or
swallowed.
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Surfacing material (SM)
Material that is spray- or trowel-applied, generally to ceilings and structural steel
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Surfacing material
(fireproofing)
Friable
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Soundproofing on a gym ceiling
30Significant damage on a high school gym ceiling
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ACM Acoustical Textured Ceiling in Good Condition
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Modern non-ACM fireproofing looks much
like ACM.
Looks can be deceiving!
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Thermal System Insulation (TSI)
Insulation materials on systems such as: boilers/steam delivery chilled water condensate returns ductwork
34Undamaged TSI
If undamaged..
EPA and OSHA allow TSI to be
managed in place
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Badly damaged TSI
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“Air Cell” Insulation – This is NOT cardboard
37TSI in abandoned structure
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Miscellaneous Materials
A broad spectrum of ACM’s that do not fall into the categories of surfacing materials or thermal system insulation.
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Resilient Floor Coverings (RFC)Floor Tiles, Linoleums, and Associated Mastics
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Resilient Floor Coverings (RFC)Floor Tiles, Linoleums, and Associated Mastics
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Wallboard Joint Compound
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USEPA - DENVER
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Asbestos Cement BoardThe most commonly
produced ACM worldwide today.
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Exterior asbestos panels
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Asbestos cement pipe in good condition. Non-friable.Also a very commonly produced ACM worldwide.
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Damaged asbestos
cement pipe is
considered friable!
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Some ceiling tiles contain asbestos, but this is not common.
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Roofing Materials
Roofing materials (flashing, cements, felts, and coatings) may STILL contain asbestos materials in new construction
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Questions?