1 Chapter 17 Blood & Blood Vessels Lecture 5 Martini’s Visual Anatomy and Physiology First Edition...

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Chapter 17Blood & Blood Vessels

Lecture 5

Martini’s VisualAnatomy and Physiology

First Edition

Martini Ober

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Lecture Overview

• Pulmonary Circuit

• Systemic Circuit

– Arterial system– Venous system

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Pulmonary Circuit• consists of vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Systemic Circuit

• Composed of vessels that lead from the heart to all body parts (except the lungs) and back to the heart

• Includes the aorta and its branches (know!)

• Includes the system of veins that return blood to the right atrium

• Includes the coronary circulation

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Major Vessels of Arterial System

Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice Hall, 2001

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Major Blood Vessels Associated With Heart

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Remember your ABCs: Aortic arch, Brachiocephalic, Carotid, subclavian


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Descending and Thoracic Aorta


Diaphragm is the point at which the thoracic aorta becomes the abdominal aorta

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Aorta and Its Principal Branches

**Need to know this table; if I give you an artery, you need to know which branch (part) of the aorta it arises from

Table from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Abdominal Aorta and Its Major Branches

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Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Benjamin Cummings, 2004

Three branches of the celiac trunk: 1. left gastric a., 2. common hepatic a., 3. splenic a.

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Arteries to Neck, Head, and Brain

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Cerebral Arterial Circle• Also called the Circle of Willis• Formed by anterior and posterior cerebral arteries, which join the internal carotid and basilar arteries

Know all theseFigure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Arteries to Shoulder and Upper Limb

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= pulse points


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Arteries to Thoracic Wall


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Arteries to Lower Limbs and Pelvis


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Arteries to Pelvic Region


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Main Branches of External Iliac Artery

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* Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Major Vessels of the Venous SystemFigure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Major Veins of the Brain, Head, and Neck

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External jugular v. drains blood from face, scalp, and superficial neck regions


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Major Veins of the Brain, Head, and Neck


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Location of Internal and External Jugular V.

External Jugular v.

Internal Jugular v.

SCM

Figure from: Anatomy & Physiology Revealed, 2010

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Major Veins - Upper Limb and Shoulder

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Median cubital vein is often used to draw blood (venipuncture)*

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(deep)

(superficial)

(superficial)


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Major Veins - Upper Limb and Shoulder


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Veins That Drain the Thoracic Wall

Together the azygos v. and hemiazygos v. drain the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and abdominal wall


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Hepatic Portal VeinHepatic portal vein drains one set of capillaries and connects via veins to another set of capillaries before it becomes a vein again

Note that veins in the abdominal cavity drain into the hepatic portal vein


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Veins That Drain the Abdominal Viscera

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Main Veins of the Lower Limb and Pelvis*

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Review

• The blood vessels form a closed circuit for distribution of the blood from the heart to the tissues and back again.

• The vessels of the CVS include– Arteries - carry blood away from ventricles of

heart; this walled; elastic– Arterioles - receive blood from arteries/carry

blood to capillaries; major flow regulators– Capillaries - sites of exchange of substances

between blood and body cells– Venules - receive blood from capillaries– Veins - carry blood toward atria of heart

1 Chapter 17 Blood & Blood Vessels Lecture 5 Martini’s Visual Anatomy and Physiology First Edition...

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