1 Chapter 1 THE INFORMATION AGE IN WHICH YOU LIVE Changing the Face of Business Chapter 1 Today’s...

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Chapter 1

THE INFORMATION AGE IN WHICH YOU LIVE

Changing the Face of Business

Chapter 1

Today’s Economic Environment MIS Roles and Goals of IT

Information People Information Technology

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?What is a system?

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What is an Information System?

A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.

Input ofData

Resources

Input ofData

Resources

Processing Data

Processing Data

Output ofInformation

Products

Output ofInformation

Products

Control of System PerformanceControl of System Performance

Storage of Data ResourcesStorage of Data Resources

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As a Formal Definition:

Management information systems (MIS) deals with the planning for, development, management, and use of information technology tools to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and management.

Introduction Continued

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Today we live in an Information ageWhere knowledge is power.

Businesses are using information to gain and sustain a competitive advantage.

Once you finish your program, you will enter the marketplace as a knowledge worker.

Knowledge worker works with and produces information as a product.

A knowledge worker outnumbers all other types of workers by a 4-to-1 margin.

Introduction

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Where does MIS fit in today's’ information age and why is it so important?

Because it deals with the coordination and use of 3 important organizational resources:

Information Information Technology and People

Introduction Continued

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Chapter 1



For a business to be successful today, it has to understand and operate in dynamic, fast-

paced and changing economic environment.

What does today’s economic environment entail?

The E.Conomy

The “Now” Economy

The Global Economy

The Arriving Digital Economy

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Telecommuting Virtual Workplace

eCommerce

Work anytime anyplace.

The E.conomy

Today’s Economic Environment

• Distance Learning• Telephone service

representative working from home

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The E.conomyFigure 1.1

Telecommuting –Canadian Statisticspage 6


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The “Now” Economy

Characterized by the immediate access customers have to the ordering of products and services.

M-commerce – electronic commerce conducted over a wireless device such as a cell phone or personal digital assistant. Case study

Team Work

I Want It!(p.8)


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The Global Economy

Global economy – one in which customers, businesses, suppliers, distributors, and manufacturers all operate without regard to physical and geographical boundaries.

Transnational firms – produce and sell products and services in countries all over the world.


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The Global Economy

Figure 1.2 Total Import and Export Figures, 1998 to 2000 (millions of Canadian dollars) page 9


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The Arriving Digital Economy

Digital economy – marked by the electronic movement of all types of information including physiological information such as: Voice recognition Speech synthesization Biometrics Holograms


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Chapter 1



1. Information is one of the three components of MIS.2. Information leads to knowledge and knowledge is power.3. Knowledge comes from having timely access to information

and knowing what to do with it.

Information as a Key Resource

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There are three aspects to information:

1. Data V.S. Information.2. Personal dimensions of

information.3. Organization’s dimensions of

information.

MIS


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Data versus Information Data:

Raw facts, such as an employee’s name and number of hours worked in a week, inventory part numbers, or sales orders.

Information: A collection of facts organized in such a way that

they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves

1200100

WestCharles Mann

79154TM Shoes

Monthly Sales Report for West Region

Sales Rep: Charles MannEmp No. 79154Item Qty Sold PriceTM Shoes 1200 $100

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Personal Dimensions of Information

Figure 1.3Figure 1.3Personal Personal Dimensions of Dimensions of InformationInformationpage 10page 10

MIS


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Organizational Dimensions of Information

For your own business or while working in a company, you need to consider the various organizational dimensions of information, including:

Information flows Information granularity and What information describes.

MIS


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Organizational Dimensions of Information

Figure 1.4An Organization, Its Information Flows, and Information Granularitypage 12

MIS


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Organizational Dimensions of Information Granularity

Information granularity – refers to the extent of detail within the information.

MIS


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Organizational Dimensions of InformationWhat information describes

What the information describes can include: Internal information – specific operational

aspects of the organization. External information – the environment

surrounding the organization. Objective information – something that is

known. Subjective information – something that

is unknown.

MIS


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Chapter 1



People1. Set goals2. Carry out tasks3. Make decisions4. Serve customer5. Provide a stable and

reliable technology environment.

People as a Key Resource

When it comes to you (the people) there are two important issues to be aware of:

1. Information and technology literacy.

2. You ethical responsibilities.

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Information and Technology Literacy

The single most important resource in any organization is its people.

To be more precise, the most valuable asset to the organization is your mind.

MIS


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A Technology-literate knowledge worker is a person who knows how and when to apply technology.

HOW is knowing what technology to buy and how to exploit it benefits.

When is knowing the right time to apply technology.

MIS


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Information-literate knowledge workers: Define what information they need. Know how and where to obtain

information. Understand the information. Act appropriately based on the

information to help the organization achieve the greatest advantage.

MIS


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Your Ethical Responsibilities

Ethics – the principals and standards that guide our behavior toward other people.

Ethics are different from laws as they are a matter of personal interpretation.

Ethics have a right and wrong outcome according to different people.

MIS


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Which ones are ethical / legal or not?

Consider: Copying software you purchased, making

copies for your friends and charging them for the copies.

This is not ethical nor legal. Making extra backup copies.

It is ethical but only legal to make one backup copy. Giving out the phone numbers of your friends

and relatives without their permission to a provider of some sort.

Not ethical.

MIS


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Figure 1.5Figure 1.5Acting Ethically Acting Ethically and Legallyand Legallypage 16page 16

MIS


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On Your Own

E-Mail: Electronic Mail or Expensive Mail?

(p. 17)

MIS


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Chapter 1


Information PeopleInformation Technology

Information Technology is any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information processing needs of an organization.

IT as a Key Resource

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There are two basic categories of technology: Hardware – physical devices that make

up a computer. Software – set of instructions that the

hardware executes to carry out a specific task.

MIS


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Key Technology Categories

Hardware categories Input devices Output devices Storage devices Central processing unit Random access memory Telecommunications devices Connecting devices

On Your Own

Identifying Hardware

And Software(p. 21)

MIS


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Key Technology Categories

Software categories Application software Operating system software Utility software

(See Figure 1.6 on page 19 for a complete overview of software categories.)

MIS


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Decentralized Computing and Shared Information

Figure 1.7

Decentralized Computing and Shared Informationpage 21

MIS


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Chapter 1



Roles and Goals of IT relates to the reasons you wish to buy, create, implement, use,

and integrate IT into your business strategy.

Roles and Goals of Information Technology

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1. Increase employee productivity2. Enhance decision making3. Improve team collaboration4. Create business partnerships and

alliances5. Enable global reach6. Facilitate organizational

transformation

Roles and Goals of IT

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1 - Increase Employee Productivity

Online transaction processing (OLTP)

Transaction processing system (TPS)- pepsi case

Customer-integrated system (CIS)


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1 - Increase Employee Productivity

Figure 1.9Transaction Processing and Customer-Integrated Systemspage 24


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2 - Enhance Decision Making

Online analytical processing (OLAP)

Artificial intelligence Neural network Executive information system

(EIS)


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2 - Enhance Decision Making

Figure 1.10Drilling Down with an Executive Information Systempage 25


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3 - Improve Team Collaboration

Collaboration system – designed specifically to improve the performance of teams by supporting the sharing and flow of information. Leo burnett case

Groupware – software components that supports the collaborative efforts of a team.


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4 - Create Business Partnerships and Alliances

Interorganizational system (IOS)

Electronic data interchange (EDI)

Team Work

Finding Business Partners and Alliances on

The Web(p. 27)


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5 - Enable Global Reach


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6 - Facilitate Organizational Transformation

Organizational transformation is necessary to respond to the ever-changing needs (and wants) of today’s marketplace.

Blockbuster now provides movies on a pay-per-view rental basis through cable.


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Closing Case Study One You and Your Information

Information travels with you and is captured and stored by a number of organizations.

Trust and accuracy of information is important.

Do you trust organizations to maintain accurate information about you?

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