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CHAPTER 1 -The History of Engineering

ME101Dr. Nhut Tan Ho

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Lecture Objectives & Activities

Explore definition of Engineering Provide an overview of history of

disciplines Active Learning Activities

Pair-share discussion: Definition of engineering

Small group work: Engineering in an era

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Pair-share activity

Work with a partner to create a definition for “engineering” (be as creative and bold as you can!)

Report your definition to the class

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1.1 Introduction

Definition of Engineering The profession in which knowledge of

the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied with judgment to develop ways to use, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.

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1.2 Getting Started

Prehistoric Culture Our Computer Age The Speed of History Quick Overview

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1.4 The Overview Approach

Engineering the Temples of Greece The Roman Roads and Aqueducts The Great Wall of China

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages

1200 B.C. – A.D. 1 Quality of wrought iron is improved Swords are mass produced Siege towers are perfected Greeks develop manufacturing Archimedes introduces mathematics in

Greece Concrete is used for arched bridges,

roads and aqueducts in Rome.

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: A.D. 1-1000

Chinese further develop the study of mathematics

Gunpowder is perfected Cotton and silk manufactured

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1000-1400

Silk and glass industries continue to grow

Leonardo Fibinacci, a medieval mathematician, writes the first Western text on algebra

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1400-1700 First toilet is invented in England Galileo constructs a series of telescopes,

with which he observes the rotation about the sun

Otto von Guerick first demonstrates the existence of a vacuum

Issac Newton constructs first reflecting telescopes

Boyle’s Gas Law, stating pressure varies inversely with volume, is first introduced.

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1700-1800

Industrial Revolution begins in Europe James Watt patents his first steam

engine Society of Engineers, a professional

engineering society, is formed in London

First building made completely of cast iron built in England

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1800-1825

Machine automation is first introduced in France

First railroad locomotive is designed and manufactured

Chemical symbols are developed, the same symbols used today (Au, He)

Single wire telegraph line is developed

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1825-1875

Reinforced concrete is first used First synthetic plastic material is

created Bessemer develops his process to

create stronger steel in mass quantities

First oil well drilled in Pennsylvania Typewriter is perfected

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1875-1900

Telephone is patented in the US by Alexander Graham Bell

Thomas Edison invents the light bulb and the phonograph

Gasoline engine developed by Gottlieb Daimler

Automobile introduced by Karl Benz

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1900-1925

Wright brothers complete first sustained flight

Ford develops first diesel engines in tractors

First commercial flight between Paris and London begins

Detroit becomes center of auto production industry

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1925-1950

John Logie Baird invents a primitive form of television

The VW Beetle goes into production

First atomic bomb is used The transistor is invented

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1950-1975 Computers first introduced into the

market, and are common by 1960 Sputnik I, the first artificial

satellite, put into space by USSR First communication satellite—

Telstar—is put into space The U.S. completes the first ever

moon landing

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1975-1990

The Concord is first used for supersonic flight between Europe and the U.S.

Columbia space shuttle is reused for space travel

First artificial heart is successfully implanted

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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1990-Present

Robots travel on Mars The “Chunnel” between England

and France is finished GPS is used to predict and report

weather conditions, as well as many other consumer applications

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1.6 Case Study of Two HistoricEngineers

Leonardo Da Vinci Gutenberg and His Printing Press

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Work group of 4 Play “get-to-know-your-classmates” game Work together and explain what it would have

been like to have been an engineer during 1200 B.C.-A.D.1 A.D. 1 – 100 1000-1400 1400-1700 1700-1800 1800s-1900 1900-1975 1975-Present 2020

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1.7 The History of the Disciplines Aerospace Eng.

Agricultural Eng.

Chemical Eng.

Civil Eng.

Computer Eng.

Electrical Eng.

Industrial Eng.

Mechanical Eng.

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1.7 History: Aerospace Engineering

“Aerospace engineering is concerned with engineering applications in the areas of aeronautics (the science of air flight) and astronautics (the science of space flight).

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1.7 History: Agricultural Engineering Agricultural engineering focuses

on: Soil and water Structures and environment Electrical power and processing Food engineering Power and machinery

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1.7 History: Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering applies chemistry to industrial processes, such as the manufacture of drugs, cements, paints, lubricants, and the like.

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1.7 History: Civil Engineering

Civil engineering focuses on structural issues, such as: Bridges and Highways Skyscrapers Industrial Plants and Power Plants Shipping Facilities and Railroad Lines Pipelines, Gas Facilities, Canals

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1.7 History: Computer and Electrical Engineering

The world’s business is centered around computers, and their uses are only increasing

Electrical is the largest branch of engineering

Involved in: Communication Systems Computers and Automatic Controls Power Generation and Transmission Industrial Applications

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1.7 History: Industrial Engineering

Industrial engineers design, install, and improve systems that integrate people, materials, and machines to improve efficiency.

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1.7 History: Mechanical Engineering

Deals with power, the generation of power, and the application of power to a variety of machines, ranging from HVAC to space vehicles.

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Lecture Recap: Engineering History

A continuum: new innovations stand on shoulders of those who’ve gone before

Engineers are professionals/leaders

Need to understand origin of profession Study history helps understand good

qualities of the past, and create new futures

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Next Lecture and Homework

Next lecture: Engineering majors Homework reminder: Q & A