11

BODY SPEAKS: THE BODY SPEAKS: THE

IMPORTANCE OF BODY LANGUAGEIMPORTANCE OF BODY LANGUAGE

2005 NACADA National Conference2005 NACADA National Conference

Kris RugsakenKris Rugsaken

Ball State universityBall State university

Muncie, IndianaMuncie, Indiana

22

How Does Body Speak?How Does Body Speak?

- Like any spoken language, body language has words, sentences and punctuation.

- Each gesture is like a single word and one word may have several different meanings.

33

BODILY SPEAKING…BODILY SPEAKING…

According to the social anthropologist, Edward T. Hall, in a normal conversation between two persons, less than 35% of the social meanings is actually transmitted by words.

So, at least 65% of it is conveyed through the body (non-verbal channel).

44

Why Is It Important to Why Is It Important to Understand Body Language?Understand Body Language?

A murder case in Los Angeles in 1988. President Bush senior in Australia in 1993 An American teenager in Nigeria in 1997 An American couple in New Zealand in

1999 People in other parts of the globe are

more perceptive to “body language” than the North Americans (do).

55

Let’s Examine How Body Let’s Examine How Body Communicates, from head to toesCommunicates, from head to toes

66

HEAD HEAD

- Nodding the head- “Yes” in most societies- “No” in some parts of Greece, Yugoslavia,

Bulgaria, and Turkey

- Tossing the head backward- “yes” in Thailand, the Philippines, India, Laos

- Rocking head slowly, back and forth- “yes, I’m listening” in most Asian cultures

77

FACEFACE

88

FACEFACE

* Facial expressions reflect emotion, feelings and attitudes, but…..

* The Asians are sometimes known as

- emotionless

- mixed-up emotion

99

EYESEYES

* Eye contacts

- Encouraged in America, Canada, Europe- Rude in most Asian countries and in Africa

* Raising eyebrows

- “Yes” in Thailand and some Asian countries- “Hello” in the Philippines

* Winking eye

- Sharing secret in America and Europe- flirtatious gesture in other countries

1010

EYESEYES (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Closed eyes- bored or sleepy in America- “I’m listening and concentrating.” in Japan,

Thailand, China

1111

EARSEARS

* Ear grasp- “I’m sorry.” in parts of India

* Cupping the ear- “I can’t hear you.” in all societies

* Pulling ear- “You are in my heart” for Navajo Indians

1212

NOSENOSE

* Holding the nose

- “Something smells bad.” universal

* Nose tap

- “It’s confidential.” England

- “Watch out!” or "Be careful.” Italy

1313

NOSENOSE

* Pointing to nose

- “It’s me.” Japan

* Blowing nose

- In most Asian countries, blowing the nose at social gathering is ‘disgusting.’

1414

CHEEKSCHEEKS

* Cheek screw- gesture of praise - Italy- “That’s crazy.” Germany

* Cheek stroke- “pretty, attractive, success” most Europe

1515

LIPS AND MOUTHLIPS AND MOUTH

* Whistle, yawn, smile, bite, point, sneeze, spit, kiss..* Kiss. In parts of Asia, kissing is considered an intimate

sexual act and not permissible in public, even as a social greeting.

* Kissing sound. To attract attention in the Philippines, to beckon a waiter in Mexico.

* Finger tip kiss. In France, it conveys several messages, “That’s good!” “That’s great!” “That’s beautiful!.”

1616

LIPS AND MOUTHLIPS AND MOUTH (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Spitting. * Spitting in public is considered rude and crude

in most Western cultures. * In the PRC and many other Asian countries,

spitting in public is to rid a person’s waste and, therefore, is healthy.

1717

THE LIP POINTINGTHE LIP POINTING

* Lip pointing (a substitute for pointing with the hand or finger) is common among Filipinos, Native Americans, Puerto Ricans, and many Latin Americans.

* Open mouth. Any display of the open mouth is considered very rude in most countries.

1818

ARMSARMS

* Some cultures, like the Italians, use the arms freely. Others, like the Japanese, are more reserved; it is considered impolite to gesticulate with broad movements of the arms.

* Folding arms are interpreted by some social observers as a form of excluding self, “I am taking a defensive posture,” or “I disagree with what I am hearing.”

1919

ARMSARMS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Arms akimbo. In many cultures, this stance signals aggression, resistance, impatience, or even anger.

* Arms behind back, hands grasped is a sign of ease and control.

* Arms in front, hands grasped, common practice in most Asian countries, is a sign of mutual respect for others.

2020

HANDSHANDS

* Of all the body parts, the hands are probably used most for communicating non-verbally.

* Hand waves are used for greetings, beckoning, or farewells.

2121

HANDSHANDS

* The Italian “good-bye” wave can be interpreted by Americans as the gesture of “come here.”

* The American “good-bye” wave can be interpreted in many parts of Europe and Latin America as the signal for “no.”

2222

HANDSHANDS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Beckoning.

* The American way of getting attention (raising a hand with the index finger raised above head) could be considered rude in Japan, and also means “two” in Germany.

* The American “come here” gesture could be seen as an insult in most Asian countries.

* In China, to beckon a waiter to refill your tea, simply turn your empty cup upside down.

2323

HANDSHANDS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Handshaking is a form of greeting in most Western cultures. * In the Middle East, a gentle grip

is appropriate.* In most Asian cultures, a gentle

grip and an avoidance of direct eye contact is appropriate.

2424

HANDSHANDS

* Hand-holding among the same sex is a custom of special friendship and respect in several Middle Eastern and Asian countries.

2525

HANDSHANDS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Right hand. The right hand has special significance in many societies. In certain countries in the Middle East and in Asia, it is best to present business cards or gifts, or to pass dishes of food, to get an attention, using only the right hand or both.

* Left hand is considered unclean in much of the Middle East and in parts of Indonesia.

2626

HANDSHANDS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Hang loose. (thumb and little finger extended)

* could convey different meanings:* in Hawaii, it’s a way of saying, “Stay cool,” or

“Relax.”* in Japan, it means six.* In Mexico (do vertically), it means, “Would you

like a drink?”

2727

HANDS HANDS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Clapping hands.* Russians and Chinese may use applause

to greet someone.* In many central and eastern Europe,

audience frequently clap in rhythm.

2828

FINGERSFINGERS

* The “O.K.” signal. (the thumb and forefinger form a circle) means* “fine,” or “O.K.” in most cultures,* “zero” or “worthless” in some parts of Europe* “money” in Japan* an insult in Greece, Brazil, Italy, Turkey,

Russia and some other countries

2929

FINGERSFINGERS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* “Thumb-up” means:* “O.K.” “good job” or “fine” in most cultures,* “Up yours!” in Australia* “Five” in Japan; “One” in Germany

* Avoid a thumb-up in these countries: Australia, New Zealand, Greece, Turkey, Iran, Russia, and most African countries.

3030

FINGERSFINGERS (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* Pointing.* Pointing with the index

finger is common in North America and Europe.

* But it is considered impolite in Japan and China where they favor using the whole open hand.

* Malaysians prefer pointing with the thumb.

3131

LEGS AND FEETLEGS AND FEET

* In Asia, do not point with your toes.

* In Asia and some European countries, putting feet up on a desk or any other piece of furniture is very disrespectful.

* Sitting cross-legged, while common in North America and some European countries, is very impolite in other parts of the world.

3232

LEGS AND FEETLEGS AND FEET (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

* In most Asian countries, a solid and balanced sitting posture is the prevailing custom. Sitting cross-legged shows the sign of disrespect.

* In the Middle East and most parts of Asia, resting the ankle over the other knee risks pointing the sole of your shoe at another person, which is considered a rude gesture.

•

3333

WALKINGWALKING

* Walking can reflect many characteristics of a culture. For example,

* In parts of Asia and some of the Middle Eastern countries, men who are friends may walk holding each other’s hand.

* In Japan and Korea, older women commonly walk a pace or two behind male companion.

* Asians often regard Western women as bold and aggressive, for they walk with a longer gait and a more upright posture.

3434

HOW PEOPLE OF VARIOUS PARTS HOW PEOPLE OF VARIOUS PARTS OF THE WORLD VIEW AMERICANSOF THE WORLD VIEW AMERICANS

* Careless with dress, manners, and body movement* Generous as neighbors* Superficial, shallow and short-lasting friendship* Confident but demand almost too much of self* Ethnocentric - less interested in others* Independent - Individually feeling, not to “fit other’s

mold.”

* Source: Tyler, V. Lynn. Intercultural Interacting. (1987)

3535

FOR ALL OF US…FOR ALL OF US…

• Becoming sensitive to the clues of body language can help us communicate more effectively with students.

3636

• We can understand what students are saying even when they are not talking.

3737

• We can sense when students are silent and digesting information, or when they are silent and confused.

3838

• We can share feelings too strong or too difficult to be expressed in words,

3939

• Or decode secret messages passing silently from person to person,

4040

• And we may spot contradictions between what students say and what they really mean.

4141

• Finally, we can learn to be more sensitive to our own bodies – to see how they express our feelings and to see ourselves as others see us.

4242

• We do not have bodies; we are our bodies.

4343

THANKS! AND THANKS! AND …..…..

YOUR thoughts experiences questions