1 An Introduction to the Minnesota Epidemiological Profile Minnesota State Epidemiological Workgroup...
-
Upload
britton-cain -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of 1 An Introduction to the Minnesota Epidemiological Profile Minnesota State Epidemiological Workgroup...
1
An Introduction to the Minnesota
Epidemiological Profile
Minnesota State Epidemiological Workgroup
andMinnesota Institute of Public Health
Fall Forums
2
Agenda
Introduction What’s in the Profile?
Interpreting the Data
Activity and Discussion
3
Purpose of Training
By participating in today’s session, you will be better able to:
• Describe the purpose, format and content of the MN Epi Profile
• Describe how the MN Epi Profile fits with the Strategic Prevention Framework
• Begin to use the MN Epi Profile to identify needs related to substance abuse prevention
4
Strategic Prevention Framework (SPF)
5
Assessment
Needs
Resources
Readiness
6
A Shift in Thinking
“The statistical study of the distribution
and determinants of disease in populations*.”
*Source: www.mesotheliomafyi.com/glossary
7
A Shift in Thinking
Applying Epidemiology to
Substance Abuse Prevention is a relatively new
concept
8
Ways to Use Data
Prevention professionals can use data to proactively identify:
• Substance use problems• Level of capacity to address those
problems• Readiness of the community to
implement prevention measures
9
What does the profile provide?
• Provides information about needs• SPF and the
profile allow customized prevention
10
Use of the MN Epi Profile
How can the profile beused as a tool bypreventionprofessionalsat the state andcommunity level?
11
Agenda
Introduction What’s in the Profile?
Interpreting the Data
Activity and Discussion
12
What’s in the Profile?
• Consumption• Consequences• Risk Factors Are Not Addressed
Consumption
Consequence
Risk Factors
Alcohol Tobacco Illicit Drugs
Students reporting anyuse of alcohol
in past 30 days
Impaired driving incidents per 1000
population
N/A
Deaths from lung cancer per 1000
population
Adults reportingsmoking 100
cigarettes in lifetime& smoke everyday
N/A N/A
Adult prison inmates in MN sentencedfor drug offenses
Percent of populationreporting illicit druguse in past 30 days
13
Activity
• Using the Profile and your yellow worksheet, look up the following data for your county and for the state:
12th Grade Male and Female Binge Drinking (p.150)
12th Grade Male and Female Drinking or Using Drugs and Driving (p. 152)
12th Grade Male and Female Riding With Friends After Using Alcohol or Drugs (p. 154)
14
Data Sources
• Alcohol-Related Disease Impact
• Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
• Fatality Analysis Reporting System
• MN Dept. of Corrections-Probation Survey and Inmate Profile
• Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Morbidity and Economic Costs
• Crash Facts and Minnesota Impaired Driving Facts
• Minnesota Dept. of Public Health-Human and Economic Cost of Alcohol Use
• Minnesota Student Survey• National Survey on Drug
Use and Health• National Vital Statistics
System• Uniform Crime Reports
15
Census
A census is a survey of an entire population
16
Sample
A sample is a subset of the population considered
representative of groups of people to whom results can be
generalized
17
Surveys
A questioning or canvassing of persons selected at random or by quota to obtain information
or opinions to be analyzed
18
Rates
• A rate is the quantity, amount, or degree of something measured per unit of something else
• A percentage is a type of rate
19Do the percentages add up to 100?
Page 60
“The Rate Trap”
20
Economic Cost
Health Care Costs OtherImpacts
Productivity Impacts
Alcohol Disorders
Treatment, Prevention, Programs
Loss of productivity
due to alcohol-related illness
Motor vehicle crashes
21
Economic Cost in the Profile
Page 194
22
Costs of Motor Vehicle Crashes
Page 192
23
Agenda
Introduction What’s in
the Profile? Interpreting
the Data Activity and
Discussion
24
Data Interpretation
• Introduction to Basic Epidemiological Descriptors Magnitude Severity Time Trends
• Data interpretation and critical analysis
25
Magnitude
• How big is the problem?
• How many people are affected?
• What percentage of the population is affected?
26
MagnitudeBenefits and Limitations
• Good way to describe the problem
• Percentages for smallsamples not useful
• Raw counts may not tell the whole story when comparing
large and small samples
Magnitude
Limitations
Benefits
27
Magnitude
• Counts and Percentages in the Profile• Benefits• Limitations
Page 35
28
Magnitude
• Using data to interpret magnitude Subgroup data Disparity and
disproportion
Page 25
29
MagnitudeSubgroup Data
Looking for possible targeted
interventions within subgroups
Page 47
30
MagnitudeDisparity and Disproportion
Gender Distribution of MSS Respondents
49%51%
Male
Female
Gender Distribution of Chewing Tobacco Users
90%
10%
31
MagnitudeDisparity and Disproportion
Racial Distribution of MSS Respondents (In Percentages)
76.2
4.4
1.5
4.7
2.9
5.25.1
WhiteBlack/AANative AmericanAsian American/PIHispanic/LatinoBiracialDK/NA
32
MagnitudeDisparity and Disproportion
Racial Distribution of Meth Use (In Percentages, Used in the Last 12 Months)
75
3
2.3
4.3
3.7
6.3
8.37
WhiteBlack/AANative AmericanAsian American/PIHispanic/LatinoBiracialDK/NA
33
MagnitudeDisparity and Disproportion
All MSS Respondents
Not much difference in the distributions. What does that tell us?
Meth Users
34
Activity
• Review Impaired Driving Handout Table 1.04 (blue worksheet)
• Expect an even distribution of DUI arrests Sunday through Saturday
• Disproportionate number of arrests Friday - Sunday
• Ask why?
35
Severity
• How “bad” is the problem?
• How does my community compare?
• Comparison Ratios• Discussing
meaningful differences and acceptable ratios
36
SeverityBenefits and Limitations
• Good way to trackhow your community
compares to state andnational numbers
• Meaningful differences and acceptable ratios are subjective concepts
Severity
Limitations
Benefits
37
Comparison
Page 96
38
Comparison
The ratio of Big Stone County : MN is 1.4
Ratio = 66/
46.4 = 1.4
Page 148
Page 149
39
Activity
• Using the data you looked up earlier (yellow worksheet), calculate your local county ratios
• Divide your county’s percentage by the statewide percentage to find the ratio
County Percentage = Ratio
State Percentage
40
Good News…Bad News
• “Our data is lower than the state’s, so we don’t have a problem!”
• Keep looking at the data - what else does it show?
• Use other data sources, maybe use recent local example
41
Comparison
• What is an acceptable comparison ratio?
• What is a meaningful difference?
42
Time Trends
• Reading Time Series Graphs
• Thinking Critically• “Environmental”
Causes of Trends
43
Time TrendsBenefits and Limitations
• Incorporates the element of time
• Good for critical analysis of a community
• Usefulness depends on amount of available data
• Hard to evaluateinterventions
Time Trends
Limitations
Benefits
44
Time Trends
Page 80
45
Time Trends
Example: Drug Z Use (percentage of adults, 30 day use) 1999-2002
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1999 2000 2001 2002
Drug Z Use
46
Time Trends
Example: Drug Z Use (percentage of adults, 30 day use) 1990-2002
01020304050607080
Drug Z Use
47
Summary: Benefits and Limitations
• Good way to describe the
problem
• Percentages for smallsamples not useful
• Raw counts may nottell the whole story
when comparing large and small samples
• Good way to trackhow your communitycompares to state and
national numbers
• Meaningful differences and
acceptable ratios are subjective concepts
• Incorporates theelement of time
• Good for criticalanalysis of a community
• Usefulness dependson amount of available data
• Hard to evaluateinterventions
Magnitude
Severity Time Trends
Limitations
Benefits
48
Agenda
Introduction What’s in
the Profile? Interpreting
the Data Activity and Discussion
49
Data Interpretation Activity
• Review and Discuss Information• Calculations• Critical Thinking • Sharing Information
50
What’s Next
• Profile Updates• Website• For more information
contact your RegionalPrevention Coordinatoror the Minnesota Institute of Public Health